CN103897568B - Flexibility or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flexibility or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103897568B CN103897568B CN201210588987.4A CN201210588987A CN103897568B CN 103897568 B CN103897568 B CN 103897568B CN 201210588987 A CN201210588987 A CN 201210588987A CN 103897568 B CN103897568 B CN 103897568B
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Abstract
A kind of flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating and preparation method thereof, this ink includes following component by weight percentage: polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content is 1-10%) 8 ~ 12%；Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001-0.1%；Viscosity-controlling agent 0.1-1%；Surplus is solvent.Product out made by the present invention, uses the technology technology such as spraying, screen printing and printing, is coated to flexibility or thin-film solar cells upper surface, directly improves flexibility or the generating efficiency of thin-film solar cells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating and preparation method thereof, by using this coating to form one layer of transparent coatings on flexible or thin-film solar cells incidence surface surface, directly improve the flexible or efficiency of thin-film solar cells.
Background technology
Merlon (PC) is the high molecular polymer in strand containing carbonate group, can be divided into the polytypes such as aliphatic, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic according to the structure of ester group.Wherein relatively low due to the mechanical performance of aliphatic and aliphatic-aromatic Merlon, thus limit its application in terms of engineering plastics.The industrialized production that only had at present what aromatic copolycarbonate obtained.
Due to the particularity on polycarbonate structure, Merlon is a kind of amorphous, odorless, tasteless, nontoxic and transparent thermoplastic polymer, it it is the plastics variety uniquely with good transparency, there is preferable mechanical strength, heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistant and resistance to electricity combination property, impact strength is high, creep properties is little, product size is stable, easily strengthen, non-toxic sanitary, can colour, there is good property/valency ratio and chemically modify physical modification potentiality, it it is excellent combination property, the important engineering plastics kind that purposes is extremely wide, due to the performance that it is outstanding, the purposes of Merlon is extremely wide, especially more play irreplaceable effect in transparent material field, become the general engineering plastic that in five large-engineering plastics, growth rate is the fastest.
Effectively utilize in the middle of project at solar energy: solar photovoltaic utilization is the most with fastest developing speed, most active research field.The making of general solaode is mainly based on semi-conducting material, utilizes photoelectric material that opto-electronic conversion reaction generating occurs after absorbing luminous energy.According to the difference of material therefor, solaode can be divided into: 1, silicon solar cell；2, with multi-element compounds solaodes as material such as inorganic salt such as GaAs III-V compound, cadmium sulfide, CISs；3, the solaode prepared with functional high molecule material；4, nano-crystalline solar battery etc..
What prior art work efficiency was the highest is with Group III-V semiconductor inorganic material is raw-material product.Such as: the quantum well of GaAs/germanium single junction type falls into crystal structure, its photoelectric transformation efficiency up to > 18%；And multiple junction quantum well falls into the solar cell of crystal structure, such as: InGaP/GaAs/germanium, its photoelectric transformation efficiency may be up to > 30%.The most most widely used, based on silicon: to include non-crystalline silicon, photoelectric transformation efficiency about 9%；Polysilicon, photoelectric transformation efficiency about 14%；Monocrystal silicon, photoelectric transformation efficiency about 17%.Although in price, VI race elements Si is more cheap than Group III-V semiconductor GaAs, but its price manufactured, compared with macromolecule organic solar batteries, expensive many；And in application, the overall plasticization organic solar batteries of the anxiety of light weight crack-free again can realize via the processing of printing, in addition to price reduction, it is more suitable for the demand of portable electronic product, and all can normally use (this is that siliceous solaode is beyond one's reach) at indoor or cloudy day so that its practicality and market application range more promote.
Solaode is a key technology, can advance the production of energy more cleaned.But the Cost Problems of solaode, reduces the economic competitiveness of heliotechnics.For overcoming this problem, thin-film solar cells is the technology being widely used at present, and can reduce the usage amount of expensive semi-conducting material in a large number, but the absorbing amount of thin-film solar cells is relatively low, and performance is less than traditional solaode.
Thin-film solar module is made up of glass substrate, metal level, transparency conducting layer, electrical function box, glueing material, semiconductor layer etc..Organic-inorganic composite solaode is solaode based on organic conjugate polymer-inorganic nano-crystal composite system, because having high-molecular organic material good film-forming property simultaneously, level structure and band gap can easily be accommodated, low cost, large area, flexible solar battery device and inorganic nano-crystal material high stability can be prepared by wet method, high mobility, the advantages such as ordered nano-structure can be constructed, and become the study hotspot of area of solar cell in recent years.Metal nanoparticle can preferably enter solaode with direct light, prevents light from escaping.In traditional " thick film " solaode, nanoparticle does not has any effect, because all of light absorption is all by this film, this just relies on its thickness.But, for thin film, nanoparticle just can play great role.Their scattering adds light and stops the time in the film, makes the light of overall absorption reach a kind of level, and can match in excellence or beauty traditional solaode.
Aluminum and Nano silver grain, in the frequency spectrum of visible part, can focus light into solaode well.But optical resonance also results in nanoparticle absorbing light, this means that the efficiency of solaode can be relatively low.Nano grain of silver sub-resonance is just in solaode key absorption spectrum part, so the absorption of light is appreciable.Aluminum nanoparticles resonates beyond solaode key spectra part.Loss to energy is less, additionally, aluminum particulate is easy to passivation, although can change shapes and sizes, after passivation, nanoparticle attribute change is the least.Nanoparticle has rough surface, scattering light can enter wide spectrum wave-length coverage more.This can bring bigger absorption, thus improves the whole efficiency of battery.
Coating, stamp and printing technology can form thin layer by the uniform deposition of liquid organic material, and therefore, this technology can preferably solve big photoactivation thing dimensional problem in theory.On-demand coating, stamp and typography, can be deposited on appropriate location by material the most in the desired amount.Owing to coating, stamp and print system are the highest to the utilization rate of material, manufacture production cost can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating and preparation method thereof, by using the coating of this coating, stamp and being printed on flexibility or the surface of thin-film solar cells incidence surface, directly improve the flexible or efficiency of thin-film solar cells.And have the flexibility processed through this coating or thin-film solar cells has self-cleaning effect.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The flexibility of the present invention or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, the following component including by weight percentage:
Polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content is 1-10%) 8 ~ 12%；
Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001-0.1%；
Viscosity-controlling agent 0.1-1%；
Surplus is solvent.
Described Merlon is aliphatic, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic Merlon, preferably aromatic copolycarbonate.
Polycarbonate solution resin used by the present invention is all purchased from commercially available, and the such as trade mark is that 2458,2805,2858,2605,6555,6485,2405,2407,2807,2865,3103,3105(Bayer Bitterfeld GmbHs produce)；The trade mark is 9920, AD-5503, L-1225Y, L-1250Z, L-1250Y, L-1225L, L-1250L(Japan Supreme Being people)；The trade mark is: 153R-111, HF1130-111,241R-111,243R-111,500R-739,940A-116,945A(U.S. GE(SABIC)) etc..
Described solvent is one or more in alcohol, ester, ether, amine, amide, ketone or hydrocarbon.
It is preferably in ink at least to contain and accounts for ketone that drop mass percentage ratio is 20%, the ester of 20%, the ether of 10%.
Described alcohol is one or more in methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, amylalcohol, hexanol, or the fluorinated alohol of above-mentioned alcohol.
Described ketone is acetone, cyclohexanone, one or more in butanone, first isopropyl acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, DAA, N-Methyl pyrrolidone.
Described ester is one or more in alcohol ether-ether, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetic acid 1-methoxyl group-2-propyl ester, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate or ethyl propionate, glycol ethers acetas, butyl glycol acetate.
Described ether is one or more in diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, oxolane, dioxanes, ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
The flexibility of the present invention or the thin-film solar cells preparation method of Merlon base coating, comprise the steps:
(1) by the polycarbonate resin solution of formula ratio；Viscosity-controlling agent and solvent, process 10-60 minute in high speed emulsator, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, be processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2), under same processing rotating speed environment, nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added in 10-20 minute after emulsion mixed above machines；
(3) above emulsion is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) above the emulsion a kind of flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon base coating that both must need after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh.
For adapting to above industrial requirement, we have invented polycarbonate type nanometer aluminium powder coating.This coating is by coating, stamp and printing equipment, both can be used at the backlight of thin-film solar cells, can also be used in thin-film solar cells enters light film surface, can also be used in the intermediate layer of thin-film solar cells simultaneously, improves the efficiency of light absorption of solaode.Improve the generating efficiency of solaode.
Nano metal aluminum particulate is easy to passivation, although can change shapes and sizes, after passivation, nanoparticle attribute change is the least.Nanoparticle has rough surface, scattering light can enter wide spectrum wave-length coverage more.This can bring bigger absorption, thus improves the whole efficiency of battery.The scattering of metallic aluminium nanoparticle adds light and stops the time in the film, makes the light of overall absorption reach a kind of level, and can match in excellence or beauty traditional solaode.Thin-film solar cells through using ink of the present invention to process improves 3-15% than the thin-film solar cells performance processed without this ink.After thin-film solar cells uses this ink, metallic aluminium nanoparticle can preferably enter solaode with direct light, prevents light from escaping.Solving in traditional " thick film " solaode, nanoparticle does not has any effect and all of light absorption must rely on the problem that thickness solves.
Detailed description of the invention
(1) by 8Kg polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content 10%) (9920, Japan Supreme Being people), viscosity-controlling agent (METHYLPYRROLIDONE) 0.1Kg, 20KgN, dinethylformamide, 20Kg acetone, 20Kg oxolane, 31.895Kg butyl acetate mix, high speed emulsator processes 10-60 minute, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2) with under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10-20 minute, 0.005Kg acetone nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added to；
(3) above emulsion is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) above emulsion with after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh both flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating.
By the coating of the present embodiment, respectively according to country's QB/T2730.1-2005, QB/T2603-2007, GB/T13217.2-2009, GB/T18724-2008/ISO2836:2004 standard detection.Quality inspection index to ink, detects such as proportion, pH value, surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity etc., and testing result all meets country's GB.Tested ink is poured in cold-resistant Packaging Bottle, puts in (-20 ± 1) DEG C cryostat and take out to 24h, after returning to room temperature, detect its print performance.Testing result: its reproducibility is good, never degenerates, the most spoiled.
Embodiment 2
(1) by 9Kg polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content 5%) (153R-111, U.S. GE), viscosity-controlling agent (METHYLPYRROLIDONE) 0.3Kg, 30Kg n-butyl alcohol, 30Kg acetone, 30.699Kg glycol ethers acetas mix, high speed emulsator processes 10-60 minute, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2) with under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10-20 minute, 0.0001Kg acetone nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added to；
(3) above emulsion is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) above emulsion with after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh both flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating.
Embodiment 3
(1) by 10Kg polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content 1%) (3105, Bayer Bitterfeld GmbH), viscosity-controlling agent (METHYLPYRROLIDONE) 0.8Kg, with 15Kg methyl ethyl ketone, 10Kg ethylene glycol, 64.15Kg butyl acetate mixing, high speed emulsator processes 10-60 minute, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2) with under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10-20 minute, 0.05Kg acetone nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added to；
(3) above emulsion is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) above emulsion with after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh both flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating.
Embodiment 4
(1) by 11Kg polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content 8%) (L-1250Y, Japan Supreme Being people), viscosity-controlling agent (poly-3 methyl thiophene) 1Kg, 70Kg butyl glycol acetate, 17.9Kg butanol mix, high speed emulsator processes 10-60 minute, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2) with under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10-20 minute, 0.1Kg acetone nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added to；
(more than 3 emulsions after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(more than 4 emulsions with after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh both flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating.
By the ink of above-mentioned the present embodiment, respectively according to country's QB/T2730.1-2005, QB/T2603-2007, GB/T13217.2-2009, GB/T18724-2008/ISO2836:2004 standard detection.Quality inspection index to ink, detects such as proportion, pH value, surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity etc., and testing result all meets country's GB.Tested ink is poured in cold-resistant Packaging Bottle, puts in (-20 ± 1) DEG C cryostat and take out to 24h, after returning to room temperature, detect its print performance.Testing result: its reproducibility is good, never degenerates, the most spoiled.
Embodiment 5
(1) by 12Kg polycarbonate resin solution (polycarbonate resin solid content 2%) (241R-111, U.S. GE), viscosity-controlling agent (poly-3 methyl thiophene) 0.6Kg, 10KgN, dinethylformamide, 20Kg acetone, 57.32Kg butyl acetate mix, high speed emulsator processes 10-60 minute, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2) with under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10-20 minute, 0.08Kg acetone nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added to；
(3) above emulsion is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) above emulsion with after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh both flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating.
By the ink of above-mentioned the present embodiment, respectively according to country's QB/T2730.1-2005, QB/T2603-2007, GB/T13217.2-2009, GB/T18724-2008/ISO2836:2004 standard detection.Quality inspection index to ink, detects such as proportion, pH value, surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity etc., and testing result all meets country's GB.Tested ink is poured in cold-resistant Packaging Bottle, puts in (-20 ± 1) DEG C cryostat and take out to 24h, after returning to room temperature, detect its print performance.Testing result: its reproducibility is good, never degenerates, the most spoiled.
Embodiment 6
Polycarbonate resin solution, acetone, glycol ethers acetas, ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone and ethylene glycol are mixed according to described ratio 10:20:10:20:29.3:20, high speed emulsator processes 20 minutes with rotating speed 20000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；With under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 20 minutes, the nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches that percentage by weight is 0.2 is continuously added to；Above emulsion after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 20 minutes；Above the emulsion a kind of flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating that both must need after the strainer filtering of 1000 mesh.
Embodiment 7
Polycarbonate resin solution, acetone, glycol ethers acetas, butyl glycol acetate, cyclohexanone and methoxypropanol are mixed according to described ratio 12:20:10:20:29.4:20, high speed emulsator processes 10 minutes with rotating speed 100000rpm, is processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；With under same processing rotating speed environment after emulsion mixed above machines, in 10 minutes, the nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches that percentage by weight is 0.1 is continuously added to；Above emulsion after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10 minutes；Above the emulsion a kind of flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating that both must need after the strainer filtering of 500 mesh.
Claims (8)
1. a flexibility or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that include following component by weight percentage:
Polycarbonate resin solid content is the polycarbonate resin solution 8 ~ 12% of 1-10%；
Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001-0.1%；
Viscosity-controlling agent 0.1-1%；
Surplus is solvent；
Described Merlon is aliphatic, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic Merlon.
Flexibility the most according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described solvent is one or more in alcohol, ester, ether, amine, amide, ketone or hydrocarbon.
Flexibility the most according to claim 2 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described alcohol is one or more in methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, amylalcohol, hexanol, or the fluorinated alohol of above-mentioned alcohol.
Flexibility the most according to claim 2 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described ketone is one or more in acetone, butanone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, DAA, N-Methyl pyrrolidone.
Flexibility the most according to claim 2 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described ester is one or more in alcohol ether-ether, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-1-methoxyl group-2-propyl ester, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate or ethyl propionate.
Flexibility the most according to claim 2 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described ether is one or more in diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, oxolane, dioxanes, ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
Flexibility the most according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: described viscosity-controlling agent is METHYLPYRROLIDONE or poly-3 methyl thiophene.
8. the flexibility described in claim 1 or the thin-film solar cells preparation method of Merlon coating, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
(1) by the polycarbonate resin solution of formula ratio, viscosity-controlling agent and solvent, process 10-60 minute in high speed emulsator, rotating speed 10000-100000rpm, be processed into uniform mix emulsion fluid；
(2), under same processing rotating speed environment, nanometer aluminium powder trace in batches is continuously added in 10-20 minute after the mix emulsion fluid obtained in step (1) machines；
(3) emulsion that step (2) obtains is after nanometer aluminium powder adds completely, more fully emulsified 10-30 minute；
(4) emulsion that step (3) the obtains a kind of flexible or thin-film solar cells Merlon coating i.e. obtaining needs after strainer filterings more than 300 mesh.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101010388A (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-08-01 | 韩商英泰股份有限公司 | Conductive inks and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102169739A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | 乐山新天源太阳能电力有限公司 | Nanometer aluminum paste for solar battery and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102527621A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江科创新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method for haze-adjustable flexible transparent conductive film |
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| US20120045691A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2012-02-23 | Mystic Technology Partners | Carbon nanotube based electrode materials for high performance batteries |
| CN103827976A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-05-28 | 普瑞凯瑟安质提克斯公司 | Deposition processes for photovoltaics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101010388A (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-08-01 | 韩商英泰股份有限公司 | Conductive inks and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102169739A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | 乐山新天源太阳能电力有限公司 | Nanometer aluminum paste for solar battery and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102527621A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江科创新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method for haze-adjustable flexible transparent conductive film |
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