CN103875421A - Pumpkin support type cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rack cultivation method for pumpkins. Ridges are designed in a pumpkin planting field, bamboo pole supports are erected, pumpkin creeping stems and vines in a natural growth state are bound and wound on the supports, and the pumpkins are stretched to the upper space. The lighting and ventilation environment has been greatly improved. The invention improves environmental conditions such as illumination and ventilation of pumpkin plants, and the leaf area coefficient of pumpkins increases from 0.8 to 1m to 1.5 to 2.0; %; the maturity period is advanced by 10 to 20 days; the appearance quality of the fruit is significantly improved. The neck of the original curved neck type is stretched after the rack cultivation, the appearance quality is improved, and it is also convenient for transportation and stacking. Reduced the occurrence of pests and diseases. Plants are grown on trellises, reducing the chance of spreading soil-borne diseases. When used for breeding or seed production cultivation, it is more convenient to operate on the rack than on the ground, and it is not easy to confuse different strains, which is convenient for management.

Description

A kind of rack cultivation method of pumpkin

technical field

The invention relates to agricultural cultivation technology, in particular to a pumpkin rack cultivation method.

Background technique

The cultivation and production of pumpkin is mainly horizontal creeping growth in the field, and climbing cultivation leads to poor light and ventilation conditions for the leaves, seriously affects the yield and quality of the fruit, and is inconvenient to manage. In addition, in the process of pumpkin breeding or variety propagation and seed production, because it is necessary to artificially control the male parent pollen to pollen the female parent, there are problems of inconvenient operation and inconvenient identification of parental flowers when planted naturally in the field.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the disadvantages of above-mentioned climbing cultivation in which the stems and tendrils of pumpkins grow prostrately on the ground, the present invention proposes a rack cultivation method for pumpkins, the purpose of which is to make the stems and tendrils of pumpkins grow and extend to the upper space, improve the leaf area coefficient, To increase production, improve quality, and facilitate manual management.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a pumpkin rack cultivation method, starting from the initial stage of planting the creeping pumpkin seedlings, erecting supports in the soil at the base of the seedlings, and binding the extended stems and tendrils to the supports during the subsequent growth of the pumpkin seedlings to make them Stretching toward the top of the three-dimensional space, the two adjacent supports are tied with ropes at a height of 1.6m to 2.0m from the ground to form a "person" character support, and then between the two adjacent "person" character supports. Horizontally erect and tie a horizontal pole with the same specification as the stand material; tie the vines to the support with a binding rope to make them grow to the upper space and prevent the vines from falling to the ground.

Further improvements of the present invention include:

The specifications of the stent are that the diameter of the base is about 2.0-3.0 cm, the diameter of the tip is 1.5-2.0 cm, and the length is 2.0 m-2.2 m.

Adopt single main vine pruning to manage the vines, and as the pumpkin vines grow, tie the vines to the support; tie the vines every 3 nodes, and tie the ropes to the stem nodes; After 3-4 times, when the main vine climbs up the horizontal horizontal pole, the vine will be dropped. Untie the previously tied binding rope, carefully drop the vine, and wrap the vine 2-3 times around the column with your hands. Then bind it at a distance of 40-50cm from the ground.

After the pumpkin has stabilized 3-4 melons, the vine heads can be removed to inhibit the further elongation and growth of the stems and vines.

When there is a fruit on a stem node, a binding rope needs to be tied on this stem node to fix the fruit.

The planting field where the cucumbers are located needs to be organized into ridges, the ridge length is 5-15m, the ridge spacing is 1.8-2.0m, and the furrow width is 0.8-1m. Two rows are planted on each ridge, the row spacing is 0.8m, and the plant spacing is 0.8-1m.

The inventive method has the following advantages compared with the scaffolding cultivation of other crops and the climbing cultivation of pumpkins:

1. The environmental conditions such as light and ventilation of pumpkin plants have been improved, and the leaf area coefficient of pumpkins has increased from 0.8 to 1m to 1.5 to 2.0; the rate of melon seating has increased by 30% to 80%; %; the maturity period is advanced by 10 to 20 days; the appearance quality of the fruit is significantly improved. The neck of the original curved neck type is stretched after the rack cultivation, the appearance quality is improved, and it is also convenient for transportation and stacking.

2. Reduced the occurrence of pests and diseases. Plants are grown on trellises, reducing the chance of spreading soil-borne diseases.

3. When used for breeding or seed production cultivation, it is more convenient to operate on the rack than on the ground, and it is not easy to confuse different strains, which is convenient for management.

Therefore, utilizing the present invention can improve the land utilization rate of pumpkins and improve the economic benefits of growers.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1: Medium and early-maturing pumpkin rack cultivation method (the planting location is the experimental field of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Huixian City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province)

1. Row arrangement: ridge length 10m, ridge spacing 1.8m, ridge width 1m, furrow width 0.8m, plant 2 rows on each ridge, row spacing 0.8m, plant spacing 0.8m.

2. Planting: Seedlings were raised on March 20, and planted on April 20, with 888 plants per mu.

3. Build the frame: After the pumpkins are planted, insert a bamboo pole with a base diameter of about 2.0cm, a tip diameter of 1.5m, and a length of 2.0m at a distance of 15cm from the root of each pumpkin, and then place two opposite bamboo poles on each ridge. Bind at a height of 1.6m to form a gable frame, and then horizontally erect and bind at least one horizontal pole with the same specification as the frame material between the two gable brackets.

4. Stem binding and management: use single main vine pruning to manage the vines. As the squash stalks grow, tie the stalks to the supports. The stems on the column are tied every 3 joints, and the binding ropes are bound to the stem joints. After about 3-4 times of binding, when the main vine climbs up the horizontal horizontal pole, the vine will be dropped. Untie the 3-4 binding ropes that were previously tied, carefully drop the vine, and wrap the vine around the column with your hands. The vines are wound 2-3 times, and then bound at a distance of 40-50 cm from the ground. Continue to bind along with the further growth of vine later, make vine grow upwards, then grow in the horizontal direction. After 3-4 melons are stabilized, the vine heads can be removed to inhibit further elongation and growth of the stems and vines. During the management process, if there is a fruit on a stem node, a binding rope can be tied on this stem node to fix the fruit.

5. Cultivation management: Water and fertilizer management is basically the same as climbing cultivation.

6. Yield: Early-maturing varieties such as "Zhejiang Seven-leaf Pumpkin" will be harvested in the first ten days of July. The average yield per plant is 8.35Kg, and the yield per mu is 7414Kg, which is 196.5% higher than that of ordinary climbing cultivation.

Example 2: Rack cultivation method for late-maturing pumpkins (the planting location is the experimental field of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Huixian City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province)

1. Row arrangement: ridge length 10m, ridge spacing 2.0m, ridge width 1m, furrow width 1.0m, plant 2 rows on each ridge, row spacing 0.8m, plant spacing 1.0m.

2. Planting: seedlings were raised on March 20, and planted on April 20, with 666 plants per mu.

3. Build the frame: After the pumpkins are planted, insert a bamboo pole with a base diameter of about 3.0cm, a tip diameter of 2.0m, and a length of 2.2m at a distance of 15cm from the root of each pumpkin, and then place two opposite bamboo poles on each ridge. Tie it at a height of 1.8m to form a gable frame, and then horizontally erect and bind a horizontal pole with the same specification as the frame material between the two gable brackets.

4. Stem binding and management: use single main vine pruning to manage the vines. As the squash stalks grow, tie the stalks to the supports. The stems on the column are tied every 3 joints, and the binding ropes are bound to the stem joints. After about 3-4 times of binding, when the main vine climbs up the horizontal horizontal pole, the vine will be dropped. Untie the 3-4 binding ropes tied before, carefully drop the vine, and wrap the vine around the column with your hands. The vines are wound 2-3 times, and then bound at a distance of 60-80 cm from the ground. Continue to bind along with the further growth of vine later, make vine grow upwards, then grow in the horizontal direction. After 2-3 melons are stabilized, the vine heads can be removed to inhibit further elongation and growth of the stems and vines. During the management process, if there is a fruit on a stem node, a binding rope can be tied on this stem node to fix the fruit.

5. Cultivation management: Water and fertilizer management is basically the same as climbing cultivation.

6. Yield: Late-maturing varieties such as "Miben Pumpkin" will be harvested in early August. The average yield per plant is 11.40Kg, and the yield per mu is 7592Kg, which is 153.1% higher than that of ordinary climbing cultivation.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A pumpkin frame cultivation method is characterized in that, from the initial stage of field planting of vine pumpkin seedlings, a support is set up in the soil at the base of the seedlings, and the pumpkin seedlings will be bound on the support during later growth to make it grow toward the Stretching above the three-dimensional space, the two adjacent supports are tied with ropes at a height of 1.6m to 2.0m from the ground to form a "person" character support, and then horizontally between the two adjacent "person" character supports. Set up and bind a horizontal pole with the same specifications as the material used for the stand; tie the vines to the support with a binding rope to make them grow to the upper space and prevent the vines from falling to the ground. 2 . The rack cultivation method for pumpkins according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the specifications of the support are that the diameter of the base is about 2.0-3.0 cm, the diameter of the tip is 1.5-2.0 cm, and the length is 2.0 m-2.2 m. 3. a kind of pumpkin rack type cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts the mode of single main vine pruning to manage vines, along with the growth of pumpkin vines, vines are bound on the support; The vines are bound every 3 nodes, and the binding rope should be tied to the stem nodes; after 3-4 times of binding, when the main vine climbs up the horizontal pole, the vines will fall, and the previously tied binding rope will be untied , Carefully drop the vines, wrap the vines 2-3 times around the column with your hands, and then tie them at a distance of 40-50cm from the ground. 4 . The rack cultivation method for pumpkins according to claim 1 , characterized in that, after 3-4 pumpkins are stabilized, the vine heads can be removed to inhibit further elongation and growth of the vines. 5 . 5. A pumpkin rack cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when there is a fruit on a certain stem node, a binding rope needs to be tied to the stem node to fix the fruit. 6. A pumpkin rack cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cultivation field where the cucumbers are located needs to be arranged into ridges, the ridge length is 5-15m, the distance between ridges is 1.8-2.0m, and the furrow width is 0.8-1m , plant 2 rows on each ridge, the row spacing is 0.8m, and the plant spacing is 0.8-1m.