CN103873845A - Naked-eye 3D display device and method based on checkerboard grating - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a naked-eye 3D display device and method based on a checkerboard grating. A detailed designing scheme of the checkerboard grating and the corresponding 3D image synthesis algorithm are given. Usually, an existing slit grating is composed of light-transmitting strips and non-light-transmitting strips. The designing concept of the existing slit grating is broken through, and a brand new grating designing method is provided. On the whole, the novel grating is formed by evenly arranging a plurality of light-passing holes at certain intervals, and the grating is called a checkerboard grating because the whole grating looks like a checkerboard. The naked-eye 3D display device and method based on the checkerboard grating can achieve naked-eye 3D display in cooperation with the 3D image synthesis algorithm corresponding to the grating and the structure of a display screen.

Description

A kind of bore hole 3D display unit and method based on chessboard grating

Technical field

The present invention relates to bore hole 3D and show field, relate in particular to slit grating design and stereo-picture synthetic

Field.

Background technology

It is a kind of Display Technique that does not need auxiliary equipment (as wearing red indigo plant, polarization, shutter glasses or the liquid crystal helmet etc.) that bore hole 3D shows, its background that is all widely used in fields such as Aero-Space, military affairs, medical science, advertisement design and entertainment interactives.

At present, the mainstream technology that bore hole 3D shows has two kinds: slit grating and column mirror grating.Slit grating is made up of printing opacity and the gratings strips being in the light, by the effect of blocking to light, the space of realizing different points of view image separates, and column mirror grating is to utilize cylindrical lens to interception of rays, light is deflected in space, thereby realize the effect similar to slit grating, these two kinds of modes all belong to the bore hole 3D Display Technique of spatial reuse.

Summary of the invention

The feature of existing slit grating is to be arranged in parallel by printing opacity and lighttight band, forms whole slit grating.Conventionally, printing opacity band is white, and light tight band is black, so slit grating is referred to as again black-white grating.

Patent of the present invention breaks through the mentality of designing of existing slit grating, has proposed a kind of novel grating design method.First and last, this novel grating is evenly to be arranged and form with a determining deviation by many light holes, because therefore whole grating likeness in form gridiron pattern is referred to as for the time being chessboard grating in patent of the present invention.Noticeable, name is only a kind of address, all belong to grating design in Patent design thought range of the present invention all should be within rights protection scope, and should not be subject to name limit.

Introduce the bore hole 3D Display Technique based on chessboard grating from parameter designing and these two aspects of corresponding stereo-picture synthetic method of chessboard grating respectively below:

One, the method for designing of the parameters of chessboard grating

1. the width a of light hole, its computing formula is:

$a=\frac{\mathrm{sp}}{p+s}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, p is sub-pixel or the Pixel Dimensions of 2D display screen, and s is adjacent viewpoint spacing, is determined by viewpoint compound mode, and here take 4 viewpoints as example, compound mode can be 1-2,2-3,3-4 or 1-3, other combinations such as 2-4.In order to allow right and left eyes receive respectively two anaglyph information of every a pair of viewpoint combination, must make every a pair of viewpoint be combined in and watch the spacing of plane and the interpupillary distance e of human eye to equate, adjacent viewpoint spacing is

$s=\frac{e}{\mathrm{\ΔK}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, the vision area number of Δ K for comprising between every a pair of viewpoint combination, eyes interpupillary distance is got e=65mm conventionally.

2. the height h of light hole, its value equals sub-pixel or the Pixel Dimensions of 2D display screen, that is:

h=p (3)

The spacing of every a line equates with the height of hole unthreaded hole, and to be that interval is adjacent arrange every a line, seamless between every row.

3. often work unthreaded hole spacing all equate, the level interval d of light hole, its computing formula is:

$d=\frac{\mathrm{Ksp}}{p+s}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, K is viewpoint number, for the bore hole 3D display that has K viewpoint, the anaglyph information of K viewpoint need be synthesized to a width composograph and is presented on 2D display screen.The resolution of 2D display screen is fixed, and so, the resolution of single width anaglyph can only account for the 1/K of 2D display resolution, and corresponding 3D resolution also drops to the 1/K of 2D display resolution.Therefore it should be noted that and adopt many viewpoint technique can improve the stereos copic viewing degree of freedom, viewpoint number is more, the stereos copic viewing degree of freedom is larger, but makes 3D resolution loss more serious simultaneously, therefore, need choose reasonable viewpoint number, average out between the two in the stereos copic viewing degree of freedom and three-dimensional resolution.。

4. the spacing of chessboard grating and 2D display screen, screen apart from the computing formula of l is:

$l+\frac{\mathrm{Hp}}{p+s}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein, H is viewing distance, and namely beholder is apart from the distance of 2D display screen.

5. the horizontal displacement Δ x=d/2 of adjacent two row, equals the half of the level interval of light hole.Can find, the optical grating construction of certain a line is consistent with the optical grating construction with its perpendicular separation a line.

Two, the stereo-picture synthetic method of chessboard grating

Except appropriate design grating parameter, the particularly important is in addition stereoscopic image, to carry out anaglyph according to the sub-pixel physical structure of 2D display screen and grating parameter feature synthetic, patent of the present invention has provided the bore hole 3D stereo-picture synthetic method based on chessboard grating, comprises the steps:

1. the calculating of viewpoint mapping matrix Q:

According to the residing physical location of different subpixel, calculate its corresponding viewpoint number.In two kinds of situation, provide respectively the computing formula that the corresponding viewpoint of all sub-pixels on 2D display screen is counted Q below

1). for the sub-pixel of odd-numbered line, the mapping formula of its sub-pixel and viewpoint is:

$Q(K,l)=\mathrm{round}\left[\frac{(k+k_{\mathrm{off}})\mathrm{mod}X}{X}K\right]---\left(6\right)$

Wherein, (k, l) is the residing transverse and longitudinal coordinate of sub-pixel, k _offrepresent the horizontal displacement of 2D display screen left edge and raster unit marginal point, α is the slanted angle of grating axle with respect to LCD display vertical axis, X is the number that a grating cycle covers in the horizontal direction RGB sub-pixel, mod () is remainder operation, and round () is round operation.

2). for the sub-pixel of even number line, the mapping formula of its sub-pixel and viewpoint is:

$Q(k,l)=\mathrm{round}\left[\frac{(k+k_{\mathrm{off}}+\frac{d}{2p})\mathrm{mod}X}{X}K\right]---\left(7\right)$

Like this, just obtain the corresponding viewpoint matrix number Q of all sub-pixels on 2D display screen.

2. the sub sampling of anaglyph

After definite viewpoint matrix number, just need to obtain composograph to each anaglyph sampling.If Q (k, l)=m, represents that the information source of the corresponding sub-pixel that is filled into composograph is in m width anaglyph.The gray value of the capable k row of the l sub-pixel of m width anaglyph is assigned to composograph matrix R (k, l), each element of viewpoint matrix number is repeated to this operation and can generate composograph matrix R.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is the chessboard grating structural representation the present invention relates to.

Fig. 2 is the bore hole 3D display unit schematic diagram the present invention relates to.

Fig. 3 is the viewpoint pixel mapping matrix (part) that the present invention calculates.

Fig. 4 is the synthetic anaglyph specific embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

For convenience of explanation, take three-in-one LED display screen as example, that is to say here, the above-mentioned p mentioning, acquiescence represents pixel distance.

Fig. 1 has provided the chessboard grating structural representation the present invention relates to.The wherein 1 width a that is light hole, the 2 height h that are light hole, 3 is light hole level interval d, 4 is the horizontal displacement Δ x of the light hole of adjacent two row.

Fig. 2 has provided the bore hole 3D display unit schematic diagram the present invention relates to, and given here is device vertical view.Wherein, the 5 pel spacing p that are three-in-one LED, 6 is three-in-one LED display screen, and 7 is chessboard grating, and 3 is the light hole level interval of chessboard grating 7, and 8 is the distance of chessboard grating 7 distance L ED display screens 6,9 is viewing distance.

Fig. 3 has provided the part viewpoint pixel mapping matrix that patent is calculated according to the present invention, here take K=4 as example, and namely 4 viewpoints.

Fig. 4 has provided the synthetic anaglyph specific embodiment of the present invention.The LED display resolution is here 384 × 256.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, not in order to limit the invention, any modification of doing within all spirit in the invention and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in the protection range of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. the bore hole 3D display unit based on chessboard grating, is characterized in that: this chessboard grating is evenly to be arranged and form with a determining deviation by many light holes, and the design of the parameters of chessboard grating is as follows:

1). the width a of light hole, its computing formula is:

$a=\frac{\mathrm{sp}}{p+s}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, p is sub-pixel or the Pixel Dimensions of 2D display screen, and s is adjacent viewpoint spacing, is determined by viewpoint compound mode; In order to allow right and left eyes receive respectively two anaglyph information of every a pair of viewpoint combination, must make every a pair of viewpoint be combined in and watch the spacing of plane and the interpupillary distance e of human eye to equate, adjacent viewpoint spacing is

$s=\frac{e}{\mathrm{\ΔK}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, the vision area number of Δ K for comprising between every a pair of viewpoint combination, eyes interpupillary distance is got e=65mm conventionally.

2). the height h of light hole, its value equals sub-pixel or the Pixel Dimensions of 2D display screen, that is:

h=p (3)

The spacing of every a line equates with the height of light hole, the base of superincumbent a line light hole and adjacent below the uppermost limit of a line light hole on same straight line;

3). the spacing of the unthreaded hole that often works all equates, the level interval d of light hole, its computing formula is:

$d=\frac{\mathrm{Ksp}}{p+s}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, K is viewpoint number,

4). the spacing of chessboard grating and 2D display screen, screen apart from the computing formula of l is:

$l+\frac{\mathrm{Hp}}{p+s}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein, H is viewing distance, and namely beholder is apart from the distance of 2D display screen.

5). the horizontal displacement Δ x=d/2 of adjacent two row, equals the half of the level interval of light hole; And the optical grating construction of certain a line is with consistent with the optical grating construction of interval a line on its vertical direction.

2. described in application rights requirement 1, device carries out bore hole 3D stereo-picture synthetic method, comprises the steps:

(1). the calculating of viewpoint mapping matrix Q:

According to the residing physical location of different subpixel, calculate its corresponding viewpoint number; In two kinds of situation, provide respectively the computing formula that the corresponding viewpoint of all sub-pixels on 2D display screen is counted Q below

1). for the sub-pixel of odd-numbered line, the mapping formula of its sub-pixel and viewpoint is:

$Q(K,l)=\mathrm{round}\left[\frac{(k+k_{\mathrm{off}})\mathrm{mod}X}{X}K\right]---\left(6\right)$

Wherein, (k, l) is the residing transverse and longitudinal coordinate of sub-pixel, k _offrepresent the horizontal displacement of 2D display screen left edge and raster unit marginal point, α is the slanted angle of grating axle with respect to LCD display vertical axis, X is the number that a grating cycle covers in the horizontal direction RGB sub-pixel, mod () is remainder operation, and round () is round operation;

2). for the sub-pixel of even number line, the mapping formula of its sub-pixel and viewpoint is:

$Q(k,l)=\mathrm{round}\left[\frac{(k+k_{\mathrm{off}}+\frac{d}{2p})\mathrm{mod}X}{X}K\right]---\left(7\right)$

Like this, just obtain the corresponding viewpoint matrix number Q of all sub-pixels on 2D display screen;

(2). the sub sampling of anaglyph

After definite viewpoint matrix number, just need to obtain composograph to each anaglyph sampling; If Q (k, l)=m, represents that the information source of the corresponding sub-pixel that is filled into composograph is in m width anaglyph; The gray value of the capable k row of the l sub-pixel of m width anaglyph is assigned to composograph matrix R (k, l), each element of viewpoint matrix number is repeated to this operation and can generate composograph matrix R.

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