CN103862355B - Polishing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polishing machine, which is used to solve the technical problem that the existing five-coordinate self-adaptive blade polishing machine has a small application range. The technical solution is that the polishing machine adopts a gantry structure as a whole, including an abrasive belt mechanism, a flexible grinding head, a linear axis, a swing axis and a rotating axis, and the frequency conversion motor drives the upper abrasive belt mechanism to move. The C-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blisks, and the blisks are CNC-polished through the flexible grinding head. The U-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blades and replace the swing of the A-axis when polishing with abrasive belts. The surface of the blade is polished by the abrasive belt mechanism, and the inlet and exhaust edges of the blade, the damping table and the root of the blade are polished by the flexible grinding head. The abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between the two working units. Since the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between each other, it can not only polish the overall blisk, but also polish the blade profile, blade inlet and exhaust edges, damping table and blade root, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

polisher

technical field

The invention relates to a polishing machine, which is used for polishing the whole blisk and blade.

Background technique

Refer to Figure 5. The document "Authorized Notification No. CN100544891C Chinese Invention Patent" discloses a five-coordinate adaptive blade polishing machine, which includes a motor Q1, a chassis device Q2, a coupling Q3, a crank transmission mechanism Q5, and a displacement-adjustable eccentric wheel Q6, joint bearing and motion guide rod mechanism Q7, blade fixture Q8, abrasive tool and motion mechanism Q9. The motor Q1 is transmitted to the crank transmission mechanism Q5 through the coupling Q3, and the circular motion is converted into a linear vibration. The joint bearing and the joint bearing in the motion guide rod mechanism Q7 drive the reciprocating motion guide rod mechanism to transfer the vibration energy to the blade clamp Q8. tight blades. Other components are directly installed or indirectly connected to the equipment case Q2, and the grinding tool and the moving mechanism Q9 and the blade clamp Q8 realize the polishing operation of the blade to be polished through cooperative actions. The invention is highly dependent on the mould, and cannot conveniently realize the polishing of blades of different sizes and shapes. And this invention is only applicable to the polishing of the blade body of the blade, and cannot realize the polishing of the blade damping table and its root, the intake and exhaust edges, let alone the polishing of the entire blade disc.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcoming of the existing five-coordinate self-adaptive blade polishing machine having a small application range, the invention provides a polishing machine. The polishing machine adopts a gantry structure as a whole, including an abrasive belt mechanism, a flexible grinding head, a linear axis, a swing axis and a rotary axis, and the frequency conversion motor drives the upper abrasive belt mechanism to move. The C-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blisks, and the blisks are CNC-polished through the flexible grinding head. The U-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blades and replace the swing of the A-axis when polishing with abrasive belts. The surface of the blade is polished by the abrasive belt mechanism, and the inlet and exhaust edges of the blade, the damping table and the root of the blade are polished by the flexible grinding head. The abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between the two working units. Since the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between each other, it can not only polish the overall blisk, but also polish the blade profile, blade inlet and exhaust edges, damping table and blade root, and has a wide range of applications.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a polishing machine, which is characterized in that it includes a Z-axis motor 1, a drag chain 2, a spindle box 3, an X-axis motor 4, a B-axis motor 5, a frequency conversion motor 6, a Belt mechanism 7, A-axis motor 8, flexible grinding head 9, U-axis CNC turntable 10, C-axis CNC turntable 11, Y-axis protective cover 12, base 13 and Y-axis motor 14. It also includes linear axis, oscillating axis and rotating axis. The linear axis includes X axis, Y axis and Z axis, the oscillating axis includes A axis and B axis, and the rotating axis includes C axis and U axis. The X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are all driven by screw nuts. The X-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the headstock 3 along the direction of the beam. The Y-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the C-axis CNC turntable 11 along the direction of the base 13. The Z The shaft is used to realize the linear movement of the headstock 3 along the vertical direction. X-axis motor 4, Y-axis motor 14, and Z-axis motor 1 are respectively used to control the movement of the machine tool in the X, Y, and Z directions. The A-axis motor 8 drives the flexible grinding head 9 to swing along the A-axis direction, and the A-axis is equipped with an electromagnetic brake. Precise control over the swing angle. The B-axis motor 5 drives the abrasive belt mechanism 7 to swing along the B-axis direction. The frequency conversion motor 6 drives the upper abrasive belt of the abrasive belt mechanism 7 to move. The C-axis numerically controlled turntable 11 adopts a servo motor for clamping the blisk, and performs numerical control polishing on the whole blisk through the flexible grinding head 9 . The U-axis CNC turntable 10 adopts a servo motor for clamping blades, and replaces the swing of the A-axis when polishing with abrasive belts. The profile surface of the blade is polished by the abrasive belt mechanism 7 , and the intake and exhaust sides, damping table and root of the blade are polished by the flexible grinding head 9 . The drag chain 2 is used to protect the wires connected to the A-axis and the flexible grinding head 9 . The Y-axis protective cover 12 is used to protect the Y-axis guide rail and leading screw. The abrasive belt mechanism 7 is connected to the machine headstock 3 through a sliding guide rail plate, and the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism 7 and the flexible grinding head 9 can be switched mutually. The polishing machine adopts a gantry structure as a whole, and the base 13 is used to support the workbench.

The flexible grinding head 9 includes a rear end cover 15 , a main shaft casing 16 , a cylinder top cover 17 , a left half shaft 18 , a sensor 19 , a right half shaft 20 , a cylinder 21 , a protective cover 22 and an electric main shaft 23 . The left semi-axis 18 and the right semi-axis 20 are the supporting rotary shafts that the flexible grinding head 9 realizes swinging to realize the A-axis movement of the machine tool. The sensor 19 is placed on the opposite side of the cylinder 21 for detecting the force on the electric spindle 23 in the radial direction. The rear end cover 15 and the main shaft cover 16 are used to support the electric main shaft 23, and are fixed with the cylinder top cover 17 at the same time, so that the cylinder 21 can perform telescopic movement in the axial and radial directions, so that the electric main shaft 23 can realize micro-displacement movement. The protective cover 22 is fixedly connected with a flange.

The abrasive belt mechanism 7 includes a flexible mechanism 24 , a guide rail 25 , a drive cylinder 26 , a deviation correction mechanism 27 , a large corner wheel 28 , a contact wheel 29 , a tension cylinder 30 and a drive wheel 31 . The driving cylinder 26 drives the piston rod to move forward, driving the flexible mechanism 24 and the contact wheel 29 to move. The driving cylinder 26 adopts a double proportional valve to carry out bidirectional control. The flexible mechanism 24 is installed on the guide rail 25 of the bottom plate, and the width of the flexible mechanism 24 is smaller than the width of the groove of the guide rail 25, which is convenient for the flexible mechanism 24 to move freely. The posture adjustment of the contact wheel 29 is realized by driving the cylinder 26 to slightly displace. The flexible mechanism 24 enables the rollers, the contact wheel 29 and the abrasive belt to move synchronously, and has a symmetrical structure. The deviation-correcting mechanism 27 is made up of a roller, a deviation-correcting adjusting rod, and a knob, and is used to manually correct the deviation of the abrasive belt. The tension cylinder 30 is used to control the tension force. The driving wheel 31 is in the shape of a waist drum, and the large wrap angle wheel 28 is used to increase the wrap angle of the abrasive belt on the contact wheel 29 .

The A-axis motor 8 is a servo motor.

The B-axis motor 5 is a servo motor.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the polishing machine adopts a gantry structure as a whole, including an abrasive belt mechanism, a flexible grinding head, a linear axis, a swing axis and a rotating axis, and the frequency conversion motor drives the abrasive belt mechanism to move. The C-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blisks, and the blisks are CNC-polished through the flexible grinding head. The U-axis CNC turntable is used to clamp the blades and replace the swing of the A-axis when polishing with abrasive belts. The surface of the blade is polished by the abrasive belt mechanism, and the inlet and exhaust edges of the blade, the damping table and the root of the blade are polished by the flexible grinding head. The abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between the two working units. Since the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism and the flexible grinding head can switch between each other, it can not only polish the overall blisk, but also polish the blade profile, blade inlet and exhaust edges, damping table and blade root, and has a wide range of applications.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the polishing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the flexible grinding head in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system of the polishing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the abrasive belt mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-coordinate self-adaptive blade polishing machine in the background technology.

In the figure, 1-Z-axis motor; 2- drag chain; 3- spindle box; 4-X-axis motor; 5-B-axis motor; 6- frequency conversion motor; Flexible grinding head; 10-U-axis CNC turntable; 11-C-axis CNC turntable; 12-Y-axis protective cover; 13-base; 14-Y-axis motor; Cover; 18-left half shaft; 19-sensor; 20-right half shaft; 21-cylinder; 22-protective cover; 23-electric spindle; 24-flexible mechanism; 25-guide rail; 26-drive cylinder; 27-correction mechanism ; 28-big wrap angle wheel; 29-contact wheel; 30-tension cylinder; 31-drive wheel.

detailed description

The following examples refer to Figures 1-4.

The polishing machine of the invention is used to realize the numerical control polishing of the whole blisk and blade. The polishing machine includes Z-axis motor 1, drag chain 2, spindle box 3, X-axis motor 4, B-axis motor 5, frequency conversion motor 6, abrasive belt mechanism 7, A-axis motor 8, flexible grinding head 9, U-axis CNC turntable 10 , C-axis numerical control turntable 11, Y-axis protective cover 12, base 13 and Y-axis motor 14. It also includes linear axis, oscillating axis and rotating axis. The linear axis includes X axis, Y axis and Z axis, the oscillating axis includes A axis and B axis, and the rotating axis includes C axis and U axis. The X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis all adopt the transmission mode of the screw nut, the X-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the headstock 3 along the direction of the beam, and the Y-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the C-axis CNC turntable 11 along the direction of the base 13. The Z axis is used to realize the linear movement of the headstock 3 along the vertical direction. The X-axis motor 4, the Y-axis motor 14, and the Z-axis motor 1 are respectively used to control the movement in the X, Y, and Z directions of the machine tool, so as to perform clamping and positioning of blades of different sizes. The A-axis motor 8 is a servo motor, which is used to realize the swing of the flexible grinding head 9 along the A-axis direction, and the A-axis is equipped with an electromagnetic brake to precisely control the swing angle. The B-axis motor 5 is a servo motor, which is used to drive the belt mechanism 7 to swing along the B-axis direction. The frequency conversion motor 6 is used to drive the movement of the abrasive belt on the abrasive belt mechanism 7, and can adjust the linear speed of the abrasive belt. The C-axis CNC turntable 11 is precisely controlled by a servo motor, and is used for clamping the blisk to realize free rotation, and the flexible grinding head 9 is used for CNC polishing of the entire blisk. The U-axis CNC turntable 10 is precisely controlled by a servo motor, and is used for clamping blades to realize free rotation, and is mainly used to replace the swing of the A-axis when polishing with abrasive belts. Polish the blade profile (blade back and blade basin) by the abrasive belt mechanism 7, and polish the inlet and exhaust edges, damping table and root of the blade by the flexible grinding head 9. The drag chain 2 is used to protect the wires connected to the A-axis and the flexible grinding head 9. The Y-axis protective cover 12 is used to protect the Y-axis guide rail and leading screw. The base 13 supports the workbench. The abrasive belt mechanism 7 is connected to the machine headstock 3 through a sliding guide rail plate, and the rapid switching between the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism 7 and the flexible grinding head 9 is realized through automatic control. Adopt gantry structure.

The flexible grinding head 9 includes a rear end cover 15 , a main shaft casing 16 , a cylinder top cover 17 , a left half shaft 18 , a sensor 19 , a right half shaft 20 , a cylinder 21 , a protective cover 22 and an electric main shaft 23 . The left semi-axis 18 and the right semi-axis 20 are the supporting rotary shafts that the flexible grinding head 9 realizes swinging to realize the A-axis movement of the machine tool. The sensor 19 is placed on the opposite side of the cylinder 21 for detecting the force on the electric spindle 23 in the radial direction. The rear end cover 15 and the main shaft cover 16 are used to support the electric main shaft 23, and at the same time, it is fixed with the cylinder top cover 17, so that the air cylinder 21 can perform telescopic movement in the axial and radial directions, so that the electric main shaft 23 can realize micro-displacement movement and achieve flexibility. Effect. The protective cover 22 is fixedly connected with a flange, and is used to prevent dust, oil stains and chips from entering the mechanism.

The abrasive belt mechanism 7 includes a flexible mechanism 24 , a guide rail 25 , a drive cylinder 26 , a deviation correction mechanism 27 , a large corner wheel 28 , a contact wheel 29 , a tension cylinder 30 and a drive wheel 31 . During polishing, the driving cylinder 26 drives the piston rod to move forward, driving the flexible mechanism 24 and the contact wheel 29 to move. The driving cylinder 26 is bidirectionally ventilated and bidirectionally controlled by a dual proportional valve. The flexible mechanism 24 is installed on the guide rail 25 of the bottom plate, and the width of the flexible mechanism 24 is smaller than the width of the groove of the guide rail 25, which facilitates the flexible movement of the flexible mechanism 24. The posture adjustment of the contact wheel 29 is realized by driving the cylinder 26 for micro-displacement, so that the polishing process has followability. The flexible mechanism 24 enables the rollers, the contact wheel 29 and the abrasive belt to move synchronously, and has a symmetrical structure. The deviation-correcting mechanism 27 is made up of a roller, a deviation-correcting adjusting rod, and a knob, and is used to manually correct the deviation of the abrasive belt. Tensioning cylinder 30 is used to control the size of the tension force. When the air volume of the cylinder increases, the displacement of the piston shaft is more, and the tension force of the abrasive belt increases. Otherwise, the tension force of the abrasive belt is smaller, and the cylinder The ventilation volume is adjusted by controlling the proportional valve. The profile of the longitudinal section of the driving wheel 31 has a certain amount of convexity, which becomes a waist drum shape, so as to ensure that the abrasive belt runs smoothly and does not deviate. The large wrap angle wheel 28 is used to increase the wrap angle of the abrasive belt on the contact wheel 29 to prevent slippage during the polishing process and improve the stability of the pressure control structure.

Claims (5)

1. A polishing machine is characterized in that comprising Z-axis motor (1), drag chain (2), spindle box (3), X-axis motor (4), B-axis motor (5), variable frequency motor (6), Abrasive belt mechanism (7), A-axis motor (8), flexible grinding head (9), U-axis CNC turntable (10), C-axis CNC turntable (11), Y-axis protective cover (12), base (13) and Y-axis motor (14); also includes linear axis, swing axis and rotary axis, linear axis has X axis, Y axis and Z axis, swing axis has A axis and B axis, and rotary axis has C axis and U axis; X axis , Y-axis and Z-axis are all driven by screw nuts, the X-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the spindle box (3) along the direction of the beam, and the Y-axis is used to realize the movement of the C-axis CNC turntable (11) along the direction of the base (13). Linear movement, the Z-axis is used to realize the linear movement of the spindle box (3) along the vertical direction; the X-axis motor (4), the Y-axis motor (14), and the Z-axis motor (1) are used to control the machine tool X, Y, and Z respectively. direction, the A-axis motor (8) drives the flexible grinding head (9) to swing along the A-axis direction, and the A-axis is equipped with an electromagnetic brake to precisely control the swing angle; the B-axis motor (5) drives the abrasive belt mechanism (7) Swing along the B-axis direction; the frequency conversion motor (6) drives the movement of the upper abrasive belt of the abrasive belt mechanism (7); the C-axis CNC turntable (11) adopts a servo motor for clamping the blisk, and the overall The blisks are CNC polished; the U-axis CNC turntable (10) adopts a servo motor to clamp the blades, and replaces the swing of the A-axis when abrasive belt polishing is used; the blade surface is polished by the abrasive belt mechanism (7). The flexible grinding head (9) polishes the blade intake and exhaust edges, damping table and root; the drag chain (2) is used to protect the wires connected to the A-axis and the flexible grinding head (9); the Y-axis protective cover (12) It is used to protect the Y-axis guide rail and lead screw; the abrasive belt mechanism (7) is connected to the machine headstock (3) through a sliding guide rail plate, and the two working units of the abrasive belt mechanism (7) and the flexible grinding head (9) can interact with each other Switching; the polishing machine adopts a gantry structure as a whole, and the base (13) is used to support the workbench. 2. The polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible grinding head (9) includes a rear end cover (15), a main shaft cover (16), a cylinder top cover (17), a left half shaft (18 ), sensor (19), right half shaft (20), cylinder (21), protective cover (22) and electric main shaft (23); left half shaft (18) and right half shaft (20) are flexible grinding head (9 ) realizes the swinging support rotary shaft, and realizes the A-axis movement of the machine tool, the left half shaft (18), the right half shaft (20) are fixedly connected with the main shaft cover (16), and pass through the center of gravity of the whole mechanism; the sensor (19) is placed in the cylinder The opposite side of (21), is used for detecting the power that electric spindle (23) radial direction is subjected to; Rear end cover (15) and main shaft outer cover (16) are used for supporting electric spindle (23), simultaneously with cylinder top cover (17) ) is fixed, so that the cylinder (21) can perform telescopic movement in the axial and radial directions, so that the electric spindle (23) can realize micro-displacement movement; the protective cover (22) is fixedly connected with a flange. 3. The polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the abrasive belt mechanism (7) includes a flexible mechanism (24), a guide rail (25), a drive cylinder (26), a deviation correction mechanism (27), a large bag Corner wheel (28), contact wheel (29), tensioning cylinder (30) and driving wheel (31); driving cylinder (26) drives the piston rod to move forward, and drives the flexible mechanism (24) and contact wheel (29) to move; The driving cylinder (26) adopts a double proportional valve to carry out two-way control; the flexible mechanism (24) is installed on the guide rail (25) of the base plate, and the width of the flexible mechanism (24) is smaller than the width of the groove of the guide rail (25); through the driving cylinder (26 ) micro-displacement to realize the posture adjustment of the contact wheel (29); the flexible mechanism (24) enables the roller, the contact wheel (29) and the abrasive belt to move synchronously, and is a symmetrical structure; the deviation correction mechanism (27) consists of a roller, a deviation correction Composed of an adjustment rod and a knob, it is used to manually correct the deviation of the abrasive belt; the tension cylinder (30) is used to control the tension; the driving wheel (31) is in the shape of a waist drum, and the large corner wheel (28) To increase the wrap angle of the abrasive belt on the contact wheel (29). 4. The polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the A-axis motor (8) is a servo motor. 5. The polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the B-axis motor (5) is a servo motor.