CN103861668B - Microfluidic chip based on pneumatic micro pumps and micro mixer - Google Patents
Microfluidic chip based on pneumatic micro pumps and micro mixer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103861668B CN103861668B CN201210551891.0A CN201210551891A CN103861668B CN 103861668 B CN103861668 B CN 103861668B CN 201210551891 A CN201210551891 A CN 201210551891A CN 103861668 B CN103861668 B CN 103861668B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microfluidic chip based on pneumatic micro pumps and a micro mixer. The microfluidic chip adopts a three-layer structure, a bottom layer is a glass substrate, and a gas drive layer and a liquid flow layer which are made of elastic materials are successively arranged on the substrate; the liquid flow layer comprises a micro mixing chamber, a plurality of micro liquid storage tanks and fluid channels, one end of each fluid channel is connected to the corresponding micro liquid storage tank, and the other end of each fluid channel is connected to the micro mixing chamber; the gas drive layer comprises the micro mixer, a plurality of pneumatic micro pumps and gas channels; externally-added pulse gas pressure is orderly controlled to enter the gas drive layer by an electromagnetic exhaust valve, the pneumatic micro pumps made of the elastic materials and the micro mixer are allowed to work, multiple channels of different solutions are orderly injected into the micro mixing chamber for mixing, so as to realize a purposeful trace chemical reaction. The microfluidic chip can be used for rapid, convenient and accurate realization of automated liquid transport and efficient mixing of a trace liquid, and has important practical significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-fluidic chip, specifically a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer, realizes the control transporting micro liquid, mix.
Background technology
The nineties in 20th century is microfluidic chip technology grow up in analytical chemistry field, take life science as main study subject, the function in whole laboratory is comprised sample pretreatment, reaction, separation, detection etc. to be integrated on microchip, and analysis speed is greatly improved.Micro-fluidic chip has structure and the parts of micron order yardstick, it is the main platform that microflow control technique realizes, also be the hot fields of current micro-total analysis system development, in life science, especially chip lab field has applicability and important application prospect very widely.
Transporting, mixing of fluid is in the requisite program of biochemical field, so application micro-processing technology, microchip processes and has micron-sized container, pump, passage, the isostructural micro-fluidic chip of blender.But in a short period of time, realize effective automation of liquid on biochip to transport, mix and be still an important problem.Transporting of most of traditional microfluid needs External infusion pump to promote, and volume is relatively large; And the method compounding substances that traditional micro-mixer use warp architecture etc. are passive, efficiency is lower.In sum, because traditional method consumes more reagent and time, therefore be unfavorable for the application that biochemical analysis detects.
Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of integrated, micro-fluidic chip fast and effectively, there is a special design, in fluid transport, mixed process, realize the effective control to micro liquid.This application that will greatly advance micro-fluidic chip in biochemistry context of detection is significant to national economy.But also there is no the report of this respect at present.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problem to the transporting of fluid, mixed processing consuming more reagent and time, a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer being provided, to micro liquid, the control transporting and mix can being realized quickly and accurately.
For realizing object of the present invention, take following technical scheme:
This micro-fluidic chip is made up of one deck glass and two-layer elastomeric material (PDMS), and wherein glass is substrate, in substrate, is the gas-powered layer and liquid flow layer that are made up of elastomeric material successively; Additional pulse pressure is controlled to enter gas-powered layer by electromagnetic exhaust valve in order, makes the Pneumatic Micropump passage that is made up of elastomeric material and micro-mixer carry out work, can realize injection and the mixing of multichannel different solutions, to realize autotelic microchemical reaction.
Based on a micro-fluidic chip for Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer, this micro-fluidic chip adopts three-decker, and its bottom is glass mould substrate, it is characterized in that: set gradually the gas-powered layer and liquid flow layer that are made up of elastomeric material on its substrate; Wherein, gas-powered layer lower surface comprise be made up of air chamber micro-mixer, be distributed with multiple Pneumatic Micropump and gas passage around it; The fluid passage comprising microring array room, multiple micro-liquid storage tank in liquid flow floor and be communicated with it, fluid passage number and the position of described Pneumatic Micropump number and distributing position and liquid flow layer are corresponding up and down; Additional pulse pressure controls by electromagnetic exhaust valve the air chamber entering Pneumatic Micropump through gas passage in order, makes Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer work, realizes the different micro solution of multichannel and injects in order and mix.
Gas-powered layer and liquid flow layer are configured to the transparent body by elastomeric material, and described elastomeric material adopts polydimethylsiloxane.
Each Pneumatic Micropump is made up of two little volume plenum large space air chamber relative to; Gas passage one end in each Pneumatic Micropump is communicated with corresponding air chamber respectively and connects, and the other end is communicated with the column end opening of gas-powered layer with up/down perforation liquid flow layer.
Two little volume plenum in each Pneumatic Micropump are in the both sides of relative large space air chamber.
The gauge scope at the air chamber in each Pneumatic Micropump of gas-powered layer and the air chamber top of micro-mixer is 90 ~ 110 microns.
Number and the position of the corresponding column of the number of the gas passage in gas-powered layer and position and through liquid flow layer and gas-powered layer are corresponding.
Liquid flow floor microring array room is positioned at the top of micro-mixer, and one end, each fluid passage connects corresponding micro-liquid storage tank, and the other end is connected to microring array room.
Described pulse pressure is provided by external air source and PLC technology electromagnetic exhaust valve.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage:
1, the present invention is reasonable in design, and adopt three-decker, one deck glass, as substrate, sets gradually the gas-powered layer and liquid flow layer that are made up of elastomeric material on its substrate; This chip is formed owing to adopting elastomeric material, makes the air chamber top in gas-powered layer, the bottom of fluid passage can produce deformation upwards under the influence of air pressure.By air chamber periodically extrusion fluid passage, realize deformation and the recovery of elastomeric material, and then complete liquid orientation and quantitatively transport; Periodically extrude mixing chamber by the air chamber of micro-mixer, make fluid produce eddy current in mixing chamber, complete mixed effect, transporting and mixing of different sample can be completed.
2, the present invention is owing to adopting the pressure of pulse pressure and the frequency Collaborative Control of air chamber deformation, make Pneumatic Micropump working time and sequencing by computer and square wave control circuit adjustable pressure and frequency as required, the flow velocity of liquid, mixing efficiency can be controlled.Adopt multichannel coordinated work, realize the orderly injection microring array room of multichannel different solutions and mix, to reach autotelic microchemical reaction; This micro-fluidic chip to micro liquid, can realize automatic fluid and transports and efficiently mix, have important Practical significance fast, easily and accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-decker decomposing schematic representation of micro-fluidic chip of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of micro-fluidic chip of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the control system figure of Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer work in micro-fluidic chip.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal cross-section sectional view of Pneumatic Micropump in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal cross-section sectional view of micro-mixer in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be the three-decker decomposing schematic representation of micro-fluidic chip of the present invention.It is a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer, and this micro-fluidic chip adopts three-decker, and its bottom is glass mould substrate 1, and its substrate 1 sets gradually the gas-powered layer 2 be made up of elastomeric material and liquid flow layer 3; Wherein, gas-powered layer 2 lower surface comprise be made up of air chamber micro-mixer 13, be distributed with multiple Pneumatic Micropump and gas passage around it; The fluid passage comprising microring array room 4, multiple micro-liquid storage tank in liquid flow floor 3 and be communicated with it, fluid passage number and the position of described Pneumatic Micropump number and distributing position and liquid flow layer 3 are corresponding up and down; Additional pulse pressure controls by electromagnetic exhaust valve the air chamber entering Pneumatic Micropump through gas passage in order, and Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer 13 are worked, and realizes the different micro solution of multichannel and injects in order and mix.
Gas-powered layer 2 and liquid flow layer 3 are configured to the transparent body by elastomeric material, and described elastomeric material adopts polydimethylsiloxane.
Each Pneumatic Micropump is made up of two little volume plenum large space air chamber relative to; Gas passage one end in each Pneumatic Micropump is communicated with corresponding air chamber respectively and connects, and the other end is communicated with column 14 end opening of gas-powered layer 2 with up/down perforation liquid flow layer 3.
Two little volume plenum in each Pneumatic Micropump are in the both sides of relative large space air chamber.
Number and the position of the corresponding column 14 of the number of the gas passage in gas-powered layer 2 and position and through liquid flow layer 3 and gas-powered layer 2 are corresponding.
Described pulse pressure is provided by external air source and PLC technology electromagnetic exhaust valve.
As shown in Figure 2, be the top view of micro-fluidic chip.In the present embodiment this micro-fluidic chip by four 1st ~ 4 Pneumatic Micropump 9 ~ 12 and a micro-mixer 13 on one chip integrated.The quantity of Pneumatic Micropump can increase as required, but it is consistent with the quantity of micro-liquid storage tank on liquid flow layer 3, each Pneumatic Micropump is two little volume plenum large space air chambers relative to, namely the length of large space air chamber is greater than the length of little volume plenum, two little volume plenum are in the both sides of relative large space air chamber, object is by air chamber periodically extrusion fluid passage, realizes deformation and the recovery of elastomeric material, and then completes liquid orientation and quantitatively transport; The fluid passage that liquid flow floor 3 is provided with microring array room 4 and 1st ~ 4 micro-liquid storage tanks 5 ~ 8 and is communicated with each micro-liquid storage tank with microring array room 4.
Liquid flow floor 3 microring array room 4 is positioned at the top of micro-mixer 13, and one end, each fluid passage connects corresponding micro-liquid storage tank, and the other end is connected to microring array room 4.
The gauge scope at the air chamber in each Pneumatic Micropump of gas-powered layer 2 and the air chamber top of micro-mixer 13 is 90 ~ 110 microns.
For better realizing transporting and mixing of liquid, the preferred thickness size at the air chamber in the present embodiment in each Pneumatic Micropump and the air chamber top of micro-mixer 13 adopts 100 microns.
Make the air chamber top in gas-powered layer, the bottom of fluid passage can produce deformation upwards under the influence of air pressure.By the air chamber periodically extruding microring array room 4 of micro-mixer 13, make fluid produce eddy current in microring array room 4, complete mixed effect, transporting and mixing of different sample can be completed.
Its operation principle of the present invention is:
As shown in Figure 3, during micro-fluidic chip work, need to be controlled chip by external Mini air compression pump, square wave control circuit, electromagnetic exhaust valve, realize the flowing of Automated condtrol liquid, mixing.The gas passage controlling to be communicated with it by column 14 in order by electromagnetic exhaust valve when additional pulse pressure enters in the air chamber of gas-powered layer 2, make the top generation deformation upwards of air chamber, especially the deformation of large space air chamber top is obvious, 1st ~ 4 Pneumatic Micropump 9 ~ 12 that are made up of elastomeric material are realized and micro-mixer 13 carries out work by the distortion of air chamber, realize orderly injection and the mixing of the different micro solution (microlitre) of multichannel, to reach autotelic microchemical reaction.
As shown in Figure 4, detailed process is the operation principle of Pneumatic Micropump:
Pulse pressure sends into the corresponding air chamber of gas-powered layer 2 by corresponding column 14, produces cycle squeezing effect to the fluid passage that elastomeric material is formed, and relies on deformation and the recovery of elastomeric material, reaches and quantitatively transport liquid orientation in fluid passage.
Illustrating as shown in Fig. 4 (a, b), when being loaded in 1st ~ 4 micro-liquid storage tanks 5 ~ 8 by pipettor by 20 μ L reagent, and now only having air in fluid passage.From 4 (b) figure, find out that the air chamber of Pneumatic Micropump 9 is undeformed, namely without flow phenomenon;
When applying pulse pressure and sending into the corresponding air chamber of gas-powered layer 2, make the large space air chamber generation deformation upwards of Pneumatic Micropump, also have wherein near the little volume plenum of micro-mixer 13 by the impact of air downward pressure in fluid passage, make this air chamber produce downward micro-deformation, in this fluid passage, air to be discharged in mixing chamber 4 as shown in Fig. 4 (c);
When the air chamber applying pulse pressure of gas-powered layer 2 is cancelled, air chamber air pressure returns to original state, and relative large space air chamber deformation is disappeared, and reagent flows in air chamber upper flow passage, as shown in Fig. 4 (d) from micro-liquid storage tank 5;
When again applying a pulse pressure to air chamber, be positioned at middle relative large space air chamber and produce again deformation upwards, as shown in Fig. 4 (e), the reagent in this air chamber upper flow passage is extruded in microring array room 4.
Repeatedly repeat said process, the reagent in described 1st ~ 4 micro-liquid storage tanks 5 ~ 8 can be moved to microring array room 4 completely.The pressure of flow velocity in flow process by positive air pressure (pulse pressure) and the frequency Collaborative Control of air chamber deformation.The working time of 1st ~ 4 Pneumatic Micropump 9 ~ 12 and sequencing, by computer and square wave control circuit, regulate as required.
As shown in Figure 5, detailed process is the operation principle of micro-mixer 13:
When pulse pressure sends into the air chamber of the micro-mixer 13 of gas-powered layer 2, cycle squeezing effect is produced to microring array room 4 above forming it by elastomeric material, makes fluid produce eddy current in microring array room 4, reach the immixture to liquid.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), 20 ~ 40 μ L liquid can be held in described microring array room 4, enter microring array room 4 by the drive fluid of Pneumatic Micropump;
By applying a positive air pressure (pulse pressure) to air chamber, make two air chambers generation deformation upwards of micro-mixer 13, as shown in Fig. 5 (b), the liquid in microring array room 4 is stirred; Under the effect of periodicity air chamber deformation, liquid reaches the object of mixing.
Claims (7)
1. the micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer, this micro-fluidic chip adopts three-decker, its bottom is glass mould substrate (1), it is characterized in that: in its substrate (1), set gradually the gas-powered layer (2) and liquid flow layer (3) that are made up of elastomeric material; Wherein, gas-powered layer (2) lower surface comprise be made up of air chamber micro-mixer (13), be distributed with multiple Pneumatic Micropump and gas passage around it; The fluid passage comprising microring array room (4), multiple micro-liquid storage tank in liquid flow floor (3) and be communicated with it, fluid passage number and the position of described Pneumatic Micropump number and distributing position and liquid flow layer (3) are corresponding up and down; Additional pulse pressure controls by electromagnetic exhaust valve the air chamber entering Pneumatic Micropump through gas passage in order, makes Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer (13) work, realizes the different micro solution of multichannel and injects in order and mix; Each Pneumatic Micropump is made up of two little volume plenum large space air chamber relative to; Gas passage one end in each Pneumatic Micropump is communicated with corresponding air chamber respectively and connects, and the other end is communicated with column (14) end opening of gas-powered layer (2) with up/down perforation liquid flow layer (3).
2. by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gas-powered layer (2) and liquid flow layer (3) are configured to the transparent body by elastomeric material, described elastomeric material adopts polydimethylsiloxane.
3., by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two little volume plenum in each Pneumatic Micropump are in the both sides of relative large space air chamber.
4., by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the gauge scope at the air chamber top of the air chamber in each Pneumatic Micropump of gas-powered layer (2) and micro-mixer (13) is 90 ~ 110 microns.
5. by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: number and the position of the corresponding column (14) of the number of the gas passage in gas-powered layer (2) and position and through liquid flow layer (3) and gas-powered layer (2) are corresponding.
6. by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: liquid flow floor (3) microring array room (4) is positioned at the top of micro-mixer (13), one end, each fluid passage connects corresponding micro-liquid storage tank, and the other end is connected to microring array room (4).
7., by a kind of micro-fluidic chip based on Pneumatic Micropump and micro-mixer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pulse pressure is provided by external air source and PLC technology electromagnetic exhaust valve.
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