CN103859238A

CN103859238A - High-efficiency supplementary feed for dairy cattle and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103859238A
Application number: CN201410136742.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马书林; 张峰; 吴占军; 王学清; 任晓光; 何雄伟
Original assignee: Hebei Jifeng Animal Nutrition Science & Technology Co ltd; Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Hebei Jifeng Animal Nutrition Science & Technology Co ltd; Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2014-04-06
Filing date: 2014-04-06
Publication date: 2014-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2034-04-06
Also published as: CN103859238B

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency supplementary feed for a dairy cattle. The high-efficiency supplementary feed comprises the following components of fatty acid calcium, extruded soybean, corn gluten meal, nicotinic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, coated choline, biotin, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculums, vitamin E and baking soda. According to the high-efficiency supplementary feed, the contents of lactoprotein, milk fat and milk dry materials in fresh and raw milk of the dairy cattle can be remarkably increased, the feed palatability is improved, the immunity of the organism of the dairy cattle is enhanced, the stress is reduced, the recovery of postpartum body condition of the dairy cattle is facilitated, the elimination rate of the dairy cattle is reduced, the service life of the dairy life is prolonged, the feeding level of the dairy cattle is improved, the economic income of a dairy cattle farmer is increased, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

A kind of high-effect supplementary material of milk cow and application thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to feed additive field, be specifically related to the high-effect supplementary material of a kind of milk cow and application thereof.

Background technology

Cow in perinatal period, stress reaction is large, gives milk and increase rapidly after raw calf, within about approximately 4～8 weeks, peak, but its feed intake growth is asynchronous, just returns to maximum horizontal in 8-14 week in postpartum.This stage supply subalimentation easily causes energy deficiency, occurs milk cow negative energy balance state.It is too fast that this situation often causes Postpartum Cows to be become thin, and peak period maintains shortening, and the output of milk reduces, and raw milk quality is unexcellent, and the genetic potential of giving milk is difficult to performance; As long in the negative energy balance unfavoured state duration, affect cow uterine involution, normally rehabilitation of Reproductive Performance, the postponement of becoming pregnant, breeding potential declines.As serious in First calving cow generation negative energy balance state, also will postpone its normal growth and grow; In summer high temperature season, milk cow appetite reduces larger, and feed intake is obviously not enough, and postpartum, mortality increased.China's Cow-feeding, generally adopts the corn+assorted dregs of rice+Huang to store as daily ration, often causes Early-lactation milk cow, high yield cow or the multiple above-mentioned nutritional deficiency problem of milk cow appearance in period in summer.

Make a general survey of Nai Ye developed country of the world, when its milk production of cow improves, in cow's milk, the fall of nutritional labeling is little, still can reach butterfat percnetage 3.4%, lactoprotein more than 3.0%.This is inseparable with the modern raising means such as TRM technology, the treatment of raising milk cow in feeding process, and the special concentrate supplement of its interim use has material impact.

At present, the most of raiser of China adopts and improves concentrated feed ratio, or in Cow-feeding process, adds 10% cottonseed, slows down milk composition reduce with this.High yield cow unit yield is lower, and the quality of fresh milk is hovered in butterfat percnetage 3.2%, lactoprotein 2.8% left and right, has a strong impact on milk cattle cultivating benefit.Its interim special breeding research is not yet extensively carried out, and the special forage grass and feed famine of milk cattle cultivating is difficult to guarantee the nutrient balance of milk cow growth, lactation and breeding, and breeding way, technical merit are in urgent need to be improved.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of high-effect supplementary material and application thereof that improves Milk Quality, strengthens milk cow anti-stress ability, improves milk cow immunity.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:

The high-effect supplementary material of a kind of milk cow, it comprises the component of following mass fraction: 25～50 parts of fatty acid calciums, 87～150 parts of expanded soybeans, 1.25～2.5 parts of corn protein powders, 0.25～0.75 part, nicotinic acid, Cobastab ₁₂0.025～0.0625 part, Cobastab ₁0.019～0.0375 part, 0.375～0.5 part, coated choline, 0.0025～0.005 part of biotin, 0.25～1.625 part of bacillus subtilis microbial agent, 0.01～0.023 part of vitamin E, 16.5～25 parts, sodium bicarbonate; In described bacillus subtilis microbial agent, living bacteria count is not less than 20,000,000,000/gram, and coated choline used is that Hangzhou Kangdequan Feed Co., Ltd produces, and the coated material of its microcapsules is polyvinyl butyral.

Further improve, also comprise one or both in chromium methionine and dehydrogenation sodium Diacetate, the mass fraction of described chromium methionine is 0.163 ~ 0.313 part, and the mass fraction of described dehydrogenation sodium Diacetate is 2.5 ~ 3.75 parts.

Further improve, its mass percent that accounts for daily ration is 1.5-2.8%.

Further improve, described coated choline is that Hangzhou Kangdequan Feed Co., Ltd produces, and the coated material of its microcapsules is polyvinyl butyral.

Good effect of the present invention is:

By at Lactation of Dairy Cow in earlier stage, in basal diet, add high-effect supplementary material of the present invention, alleviate due to the feed intake insufficiency of intake problem that stress cause, improve Cow-feeding feed pattern, effectively improve fresh milk quality.

Usually there is negative energy balance in the milk cow that increases the breast phase, because milk production is high, feed intake is low during this period, milk cow need to be employed a large amount of body fat for the (Feng Yanglian of giving milk, 2004), add fatty acid calcium and can significantly improve Diet energy density, increase the energy intake of animal, this for solving cow in perinatal period and the negative energy balance of peak of lactation, improve its production performance and be extremely important.

Coated choline is a kind of protectiveness choline, and choline is the one of Cobastab, and the transmission of the signal that affects the nerves can promote the fat metabolism of liver, kidney, is also one of the synthetic required methyl of methionine source in body.In ruminant application, choline is very easily directly degraded by rumen microorganism, greatly reduces the absorption efficiency of choline.In feed, add coated choline, can realize under cud neutrallty condition stable, and decompose under small intestine acid condition, avoid it to be degraded in cud, can make most of nutritional labeling directly add digested absorption again after small intestine, improve choline effective content thereby reach, and then the object of raising efficiency of feed utilization, can effectively overcome because animal feed reduces the ruminant methionine causing and reduce the series of problems bringing simultaneously, to meet modern feed industry to the mushroom needs of animal, the coated material of the present invention's coated choline used is polyvinyl butyral.

Bacillus subtilis has the effect of the growth of animal of promotion, and synthetic multiple enzyme material and multiple B family vitamin in animal body, digests and absorbs rate thereby improve feed; The multiple antibacterial substances such as subtilin that this thalline produces, polymyxins, nystatin, gramicidins, have obvious inhibitory action to the conditioned pathogen of the pathogenic bacteria in animal body or autogenous infection; Growing of this thalline stimulating animal immune organ, improves immunoglobulin (Ig) and antibody horizontal, improves immunity of organisms; There is regulating intestinal canal balanced action, can set up advantage profitable strain in milk cow enteron aisle, adjust microecological balance in digestion.

Chromium methionine does not react with other feed ingredient, is difficult for destroyedly in ruminal environment, can directly in enteron aisle, be absorbed; Directly absorb by amino acid approach, utilization rate is high, fully meets the nutritional need of milk cow, and in egg tyrosine participation body, the generation of plurality of enzymes activates, and can strengthen human body immune function; Chromium methionine is by improving the functioning efficiency of insulin, reduce milk cow stress, strengthen immunity; Promote protein synthetic, accelerate fat metabolism.

The present invention can obviously increase milk cow to energy, rumen bypass protein, vitamin B complex intake, promotes the synergy that synthetic multiple enzyme material, fat and liposoluble vitamin absorb simultaneously, and long-chain unsaturated fatty acid in high yield cow butterfat is provided.Safety easy to use; lactoprotein, butter oil, the milk dry matter that can obviously improve milk cow fresh milk, improve feed palatability, improves cow feeding amount; promote feed to digest and assimilate; strengthen milk cow immunity of organisms, slow down stress, be conducive to milk cow body condition in postpartum and recover; reduce cow culling rate, extend the economic well-being of workers and staff that milk cow utilizes the time limit, promotes raising dairy cattle level and increase milk cattle cultivating family; effect is remarkable, easily promotes, and has a extensive future.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1-20

Component preparation according to the mass fraction as shown in table 1-5 supplements material, adds in premix mixer (Shijiazhuang three and Shen Gong feed manufacturing machine Co., Ltd, model SJHJ 0.5, the coefficient of variation≤5%) and stirs 90 seconds, mixes, and to obtain final product.

In table 1-5, fatty acid calcium is selected the precious brand in the Wanshan Mountain, wherein Cu Zhi Fang≤84%, moisture≤3.5%, free fatty≤3%, calcium 8～10%; Expanded soybean actual measurement dry 90.7%, crude protein 40.8%, crude fat 17.95%; Chromium methionine is selected emerging good biological production; Coated choline is that Hangzhou Kangdequan Feed Co., Ltd produces, and coated material is polyvinyl butyral.

Effect example 1:

With the diet feeding milk cow of replenishers described in the interpolation embodiment of the present invention 14, contrast with the daily ration that does not add replenishers, result of use is done to contrast test.

1) choose and close on calving, 9 of the Chinese Holstein First calving cows that the expected date of childbirth, body weight approach, are in a good state of health, group difference is not remarkable.Be divided at random 3 groups, test is processed and is divided into: A group is control group, does not add and supplements material, and B group, C group are added respectively 1.5%, 2.8% the supplementary material that accounts for diet dry substance quality, supplement material with described in embodiment 14.Wherein 3 every group, single groove is fed, free choice feeding, unified management.Whole experimental period is 60d, and the transitional period is 20d, and the formal test phase is 40d, and the daily ration of feeding forms as table 6.

The composition of table 6 daily ration and nutritional labeling

Note: in table, % is mass percent; Supplement material composition with embodiment 14; The component of concentrate supplement described in table 6 is as table 7.

Note: element and component content in premix: Fe 3000mg/kg, Mn 2500 mg/kg, Zn 8000 mg/kg, Cu2000 mg/kg, I 80 mg/kg, cobalt 20 mg/kg selenium 30 mg/kg, vitamin A 50IU, vitamin D ₃21IU, vitamin E 4000 mg/kg, nicotinic acid 6100mg/kg.

2) testing index: gather weekly cow's milk successively, measure butterfat percnetage, lactoprotein, lactose, dry matter ratio and somatic number, carry out weekly a recessive mastitis and detect.Measurement result is as table 8.

Note: same column shoulder mark small letter English alphabet difference person represent to test each group of significant difference ( p﹤ 0.05), same letter represent to test each group without significant difference ( p﹥ 0.05).

The present invention supplement material on the impact of test milk milk elements in table 8, butterfat percnetage increasing degree 10.97%(P ﹤ 0.05), 6.55%(P ﹤ 0.05), C group is not remarkable with A group difference.Aspect protein ratio, B group is than A group, C group increasing degree 15.24%(P ﹤ 0.05 respectively), 6.89%(P ﹤ 0.05), C group is than A group increasing degree 7.80%(P ﹤ 0.05).At each group of milk cow duration of test, cow's milk dry matter content B group is than A group, C group increasing degree 17.87%(P ﹤ 0.05 respectively), 18.17%(P ﹤ 0.05), C group is not remarkable with A group difference.

B group, C group obviously decline than somatic number in A group cow's milk respectively, anti-stress enhancing by energy, and immune energy improves, and ox suffers from recessive mastitis incidence probability and reduces, and recessive mastitis testing result shows and conforms to clinical manifestation.

Found that by contrast test, the high-effect supplementary material of a kind of milk cow of the present invention can effectively improve milk cow's milk protein and cow's milk dry matter content, improves milk-quality, strengthens the immunity of milk cow simultaneously.

Claims

1. the high-effect supplementary material of milk cow, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following mass fraction: 25～50 parts of fatty acid calciums, 87～150 parts of expanded soybeans, 1.25～2.5 parts of corn protein powders, 0.25～0.75 part, nicotinic acid, Cobastab ₁₂0.025～0.0625 part, Cobastab ₁0.019～0.0375 part, 0.375～0.5 part, coated choline, 0.0025～0.005 part of biotin, 0.25～1.625 part of bacillus subtilis microbial agent, 0.01～0.023 part of vitamin E, 16.5～25 parts, sodium bicarbonate; In wherein said bacillus subtilis microbial agent, living bacteria count is not less than 20,000,000,000/gram.

2. the high-effect supplementary material of a kind of milk cow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise one or both in chromium methionine and dehydrogenation sodium Diacetate, the mass fraction of described chromium methionine is 0.163 ~ 0.313 part, and the mass fraction of described dehydrogenation sodium Diacetate is 2.5 ~ 3.75 parts.

3. the application of the high-effect supplementary material of a kind of milk cow according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, it is 1.5-2.8% that the high-effect supplementary material of described milk cow accounts for diet dry substance mass percent.