CN103798036A - Strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents
Strawberry cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798036A CN103798036A CN201410046608.8A CN201410046608A CN103798036A CN 103798036 A CN103798036 A CN 103798036A CN 201410046608 A CN201410046608 A CN 201410046608A CN 103798036 A CN103798036 A CN 103798036A
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- seedling
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- strawberry
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- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 244000307700 Fragaria vesca Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001276618 Mayaca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMVAWNCSXGFEDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.C[H] ZMVAWNCSXGFEDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003450 growing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 10
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 9
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000289763 Dasygaster padockina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191471 Strawberry crinkle cytorhabdovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000413494 Strawberry mottle virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218632 Strawberry vein banding virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003181 biological factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009329 organic farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a strawberry cultivation method through which disease and insect prevention performance of strawberry seeds and seedlings is improved. The method mainly comprises the steps of seed and seedling selecting, seed and seedling processing, seed and seedling planting and the like. Particularly, seed and seedling processing mainly comprises preprocessing, fumigating processing, vacuum processing and the like. Through the combination processing method and selection of optimized parameters in each processing process, great insect killing and detoxification effect is integrated, great growing effect is achieved, and processes damage and risks are reasonably controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field, particularly a kind of cultivated strawberry method that can effectively prevent damage by disease and insect of botanical seedling culturing cultivation.
Background technology
Strawberry belongs to rose family Fragaria perennial herb fruit tree, because strawberry is except having higher nutritive value, also there is higher medical value, in addition the unique fragrant and sweet taste of strawberry, it occupy the first in little berry is produced, and there is cultivation in most countries in the world.And China is the strawberry production state of whole world maximum at present, cultivated strawberry area and average annual output all occupy first place in the world, and as one of domestic main fruit, have huge market potential and economic economic benefit prospect, and cultivate healthy and strong strawberry seedling, be the basis that guarantees that Strawberry industry develops in a healthy way.
Strawberry is from plantation to results, general at least about the time through 2 years, due to its comparatively very long vegetative period, and its sprawl growth in addition, strawberry more easily suffers the invasion and attack of damage by disease and insect than other crops.Meanwhile, the pest species of strawberry is also very many, and the insect that for example endangers strawberry mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite, cutworm etc.; The disease of harm strawberry is more, and virus disease is the comparatively serious class disease of harm strawberry, the virus of the infected strawberry of having reported at present has kind more than 20, wherein cause the virus disease of heavy losses mainly to comprise 4 kinds of strawberry crinkle virus, Strawberry mottle virus, strawberry veinbanding virus and strawberry light yellow edge virus to producing, above 4 kinds of viruses are mainly all leaned on aphis propagation, 4 kinds of total infection rates of virus reach more than 80%, and the aleopation of virus can make Yield of Strawberry loss reach more than 30%.Can say, aphid is as viral disseminator, and it passes the malicious harm loss causing and even endangers much larger than itself the loss causing.
The pest control method of traditional strawberry is mainly to adopt Agro-chemicals control, but the large multipair Strawberry Virus control efficiency of agricultural chemicals using except methyl bromide in cultivation is unsatisfactory, and the agricultural chemicals such as methyl bromide are the agricultural chemicals that will regularly stop using or limit use, and the use of a lot of agricultural chemicals does not meet the non-polluted cultivation of current requirement or the standard of organic farming yet.Thereby, in cultivation, conventionally adopt cultivation detoxic seedling carry out soilless culture, insect control, cut-out virus route of transmission or select the modes such as resistant variety to alleviate the harm of virus to strawberry.At present, the nontoxic seedling of strawberry is cultivated the 3 kinds of methods that mainly contain: heat cure method, anther culture and Shoot Tip Culture method, wherein Shoot Tip Culture method be obtain at present the nontoxic seedling of strawberry the most generally, effective method.At present, although virus-free seedling is cultivated technology comparative maturity, easily subinfection again, need to regularly replace seedling.
Research is found, a lot of physical factors, chemical factor and biological factor have strong effect to genetic material, and researcher extensively and has in depth studied the mutagenesis mechanism of these factors, such as Wang Weidong etc. have been discussed in detail in ion implantation process vacuum, temperature etc. for the impact of seeding ratio etc. in " vacuum and the temperature impact on wheat seedling growth in ion implantation process " literary composition.But for seedling, excessively strong stimulation tends to change its genetic material, relates to the research and development of complicated new varieties, and variation risk wherein and the environmental and ecological requirement growing to even greater heights at present inconsistent.
Herein in the face of being to provide a kind of relatively gentle, can significantly improve the cultivated strawberry method of strawberry seedling preventing disease and pest performance.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivated strawberry method that improves strawberry seedling preventing disease and pest performance, and it mainly comprises the steps such as the choosing of seedling, the processing of seedling and the field planting of seedling;
The processing of wherein said seedling, mainly comprises the following steps:
One, pretreatment: by strawberry seedling successively with 75% alcohol-pickled sterilization 5-8s, 0.1%HgCl
2clean by sterile water wash after sterilization 1-2min, 0.5% clorox sterilization 0.5-1min;
Two, stifling processing: pretreated seedling is placed in to the saturated vapor environment of 40-42 ℃, passes into the mixture of Bromide methane and carbon dioxide simultaneously, fumigate processing, the time is 2-4min;
Three, application of vacuum; It is that 2-3kPa, temperature are 20 ℃ that the seedling that stifling processing is obtained is placed in pressure, implements application of vacuum, and the time is 10-15h.
As preferably, being chosen for of described seedling selected at bog moss: the culture matrix that vermiculite is 1:1 is cultivated the red Strawberry Seedlings of perfume (or spice) obtaining for 2 months.
As preferably, the field planting of described seedling is to carry out the canopy that is provided with fly net is indoor, the wide about 1m of furrow, and dark about 25cm, every furrow field planting a line, can arrange moth-killing device or carry out sulfur fumigation processing canopy is indoor if desired.
The invention has the advantages that: by the combination treatment method of stifling chemical treatment and physical vacuum processing, and in each processing procedure, optimized parameter is chosen, have excellent desinsection detoxification efficiency concurrently, and excellent growth result, rationally control injury and the risk processed, thereby obtained a kind of novel cultivated strawberry method.
Embodiment
Further describe content of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The cultivation method of strawberry mainly comprises the steps such as the choosing of seedling, the processing of seedling and the field planting of seedling, and wherein the processing of seedling is carried out in the following manner:
One, pretreatment: choose bog moss: the culture matrix that vermiculite is 1:1 is cultivated the fragrant red Strawberry Seedlings of the stalwartness obtaining for 2 months as seedling under 15-20 ℃ of greenhouses, successively with clean by sterile water wash after 75% alcohol-pickled sterilization 6s, 0.1%HgCl2 sterilization 1min, 0.5% clorox sterilization 1min;
Two, stifling processing: pretreated seedling is placed in to the saturated vapor environment of 40 ℃, mixture to the concentration of Celfume that passes into volume ratio simultaneously and be 2:1 Celfume and carbonic acid gas is 10g/m
3, fumigate processing, the time is 2min;
Three, application of vacuum; It is that 2kPa, temperature are 20 ℃ that the seedling that stifling processing is obtained is placed in pressure, implements application of vacuum, and the time is 18h.
Carry out following test and test result listed in table 1 processing the seedling obtaining:
1) 10, the compound leaf of strawberry seedling before acquisition process and after processing respectively, and the compound leaf of strawberry seedling after processing is placed in to 24h under 20 ℃, the condition of 80% humidity, judge under the microscope the life or death situation of compound leaf surface aphid by needle stimulus method, and calculate thus insecticidal effect.
2) adopt visually observe process after the leaf injury situation of strawberry seedling, that does not wherein observe injury completely is designated as zero, has the △ that is designated as of minor injury, have even withered being designated as of obvious injury ×.
Table 1
The treatment step of embodiment 2-3 and comparative example 1*-9* and test are identical with embodiment 1, concrete parameter choose and test result referring to table 1.
Can find out, stifling processing is very necessary for the control of killing rate, and owing to having adopted the water vapour method of fumigating of Celfume and carbon dioxide mixture, can correspondingly stifling temperature be controlled to lower level, to avoid causing too much injury for seedling, for the effectively stifling effect of processing of performance, fumigation temperature should be more than 40 ℃, and fumigation time should be at least 2min.But fumigation temperature is unsuitable too high, and fumigation time is unsuitable long, otherwise can not significantly improve insecticidal effect, also will cause seedling injury.Celfume and carbonic acid gas add effective stifling process efficient of water vapour that improved, and due to the two comprehensive function, Celfume only needs micro-interpolation can play enough effectiveness.
Application of vacuum can effectively be removed the moisture remaining in after stifling processing in seedling further to kill insect pest, and will more be conducive to the preservation of seedling after removing moisture, has improved the use flexibility of seedling.In order to ensure vacuum treated effective, vacuum pressure should be less than 3kPa, and the processing time should be greater than 10h, otherwise will be difficult to obtain the insecticidal effect of expecting.But vacuum pressure is unsuitable too low, unsuitable process of processing time, otherwise can not significantly improve insecticidal effect, also will cause significant injury and affect use seedling.
The present invention is by the combination treatment method of stifling chemical treatment and physical vacuum processing, and in each processing procedure, optimized parameter is chosen, have excellent desinsection detoxification efficiency concurrently, and excellent growth result, rationally control injury and the risk processed, thereby obtained a kind of novel strawberry method.
Claims (3)
1. improve the cultivated strawberry method of strawberry seedling preventing disease and pest performance, it mainly comprises the steps such as the choosing of seedling, the processing of seedling and the field planting of seedling;
The processing of wherein said seedling, mainly comprises the following steps:
One, pretreatment: use successively 75% alcohol-pickled sterilization 5-8s, 0.1%HgCl2 sterilization 1-2min, 0.5% clorox sterilization 0.5-1min afterwards clean by sterile water wash strawberry seedling;
Two, stifling processing: pretreated seedling is placed in to the saturated vapor environment of 40-42 ℃, passes into the mixture of Bromide methane and carbon dioxide simultaneously, fumigate processing, the time is 2-4min;
Three, application of vacuum; It is that 2-3kPa, temperature are 20 ℃ that the seedling that stifling processing is obtained is placed in pressure, implements application of vacuum, and the time is 10-15h.
2. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
As preferably, being chosen for of described seedling selected at bog moss: the culture matrix that vermiculite is 1:1 is cultivated the red Strawberry Seedlings of perfume (or spice) obtaining for 2 months.
3. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: as preferably, the field planting of described seedling is to carry out the canopy that is provided with fly net is indoor, the wide about 1m of furrow, dark about 25cm, every furrow field planting a line, can arrange moth-killing device or carry out sulfur fumigation processing canopy is indoor if desired.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410046608.8A CN103798036B (en) | 2014-02-08 | 2014-02-08 | The cultivation method of a kind of strawberry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410046608.8A CN103798036B (en) | 2014-02-08 | 2014-02-08 | The cultivation method of a kind of strawberry |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103798036A true CN103798036A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| CN103798036B CN103798036B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| CN201410046608.8A Expired - Fee Related CN103798036B (en) | 2014-02-08 | 2014-02-08 | The cultivation method of a kind of strawberry |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103797930A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-05-21 | 李爱英 | Strawberry seedling with excellent pest-proof performance |
| CN104285751A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-21 | 张月荣 | Mulberry virus-free breeding method |
| CN104956926A (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2015-10-07 | 陈美珍 | Production method for high-quality cucumber seedling |
| CN105191635A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-30 | 周建志 | Indoor cultivation technology for strawberries |
| CN105191633A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-30 | 淮北市四季蔬菜种植有限公司 | Seedling culturing method capable of raising emergence rate of strawberry seeds |
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| JPH0568429A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-23 | Yanagawa Saishiyu Kenkyukai:Kk | Method for collecting crop such as cryptotaenia japonica or the like |
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| CN102805001A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-05 | 中农齐民（北京）科技发展有限公司 | Organic prevention and control method for facility strawberry pest and disease damage |
| CN102986338A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-03-27 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Early-spring high-yield potato cultivation method |
-
2014
- 2014-02-08 CN CN201410046608.8A patent/CN103798036B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0568429A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-23 | Yanagawa Saishiyu Kenkyukai:Kk | Method for collecting crop such as cryptotaenia japonica or the like |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103797930A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-05-21 | 李爱英 | Strawberry seedling with excellent pest-proof performance |
| CN103797930B (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2015-11-25 | 朱兰英 | A kind of strawberry seedling with excellent insect-pest performance |
| CN104285751A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-21 | 张月荣 | Mulberry virus-free breeding method |
| CN104956926A (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2015-10-07 | 陈美珍 | Production method for high-quality cucumber seedling |
| CN105191633A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-30 | 淮北市四季蔬菜种植有限公司 | Seedling culturing method capable of raising emergence rate of strawberry seeds |
| CN105191635A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-30 | 周建志 | Indoor cultivation technology for strawberries |
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| CN103798036B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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