CN103786352A - Recovery utilization method of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite waste material - Google Patents
Recovery utilization method of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite waste material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103786352A CN103786352A CN201210426060.0A CN201210426060A CN103786352A CN 103786352 A CN103786352 A CN 103786352A CN 201210426060 A CN201210426060 A CN 201210426060A CN 103786352 A CN103786352 A CN 103786352A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials and relates to a recovery utilization method of a continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite waste material. The recovery utilization method comprises the following steps of cutting a recovered continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material, carrying out washing and drying, carrying out crushing, rolling a fiber-reinforced resin prepreg or a fiber fabric by traction and multiple metal rollers, putting the crushed material on the rolled fiber-reinforced resin prepreg or fiber fabric, putting a prepreg or fiber fabric layer on the surface of the crushed material, by traction, heating the crushed material and the prepreg or fiber fabric and carrying out rolling flattening, and carrying out cooling reeling or cutting. The recovery utilization method utilizes simple equipment, has a low price and low technical requirements, and has low energy consumption and high efficiency. The continuous fiber-long fiber mixed product prepared from the continuous fiber products has low performances, utilizes recovered materials as most raw material and has considerable economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, relate to a kind of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste recovery and utilize method.
Background technology
Along with the development of composite, composite relies on its specific strength, and specific stiffness is high, and the characteristic that density is light is widely used, and one of trend of current composite development is to replace traditional thermoset epoxy composite with thermoplastic composite.One of reason is that thermoplastic composite can, by simple heating, fusing and cooling forming, can weld as metal, and the development of thermoplastic composite produces very large variation to market from now on for this reason.Traditional plastics recovery method, smashes composite, carries out, from new granulation, having destroyed greatly fiber after long fibre is become to short fiber, and the hydraulic performance decline after granulation is a lot of again.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of simple and convenient composite processing method that has in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, compared with other processing methods, can keep to the full extent the characteristic of raw material, reduce performance damage, efficient, quick.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The present invention first cuts continuous fiber or long fiber composites goods, washing is dry to be processed, then by its pulverizing, then will be together with continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg or fiber reinforcement fabric, by heating continuous rolling, form new coiled material or sheet material, can making layer pressing plate or other products.
A recoverying and utilizing method for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material, comprises the following steps:
(1) continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is cut, washing, dry, pulverize and obtain crushed material;
(2) fiber-reinforced resin prepreg or fabric are flattened by traction and roll-in;
(3), by the crushed material flattening-out obtaining in step (1), uniform spreading is put on the prepreg or fabric after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts one deck prepreg or fabric on crushed material surface;
(4) by the material obtaining in step (3) by traction, heating, roll-in is smooth, cooling then batches or cut.
Thermoplastic resin in described continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is polyolefin or polyamide-based resin, and wherein polyolefin is COPP or HOPP; Polyamide is polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 1010 or polyamide 1212;
Continuous fiber in described continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre or basalt fibre.
Specification in described step (1) after the cutting process of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is less than 200 × 200mm.
In described step (1), washing adopts industrial wash basin or cleaning equipment to wash, and dry industrial drying oven or the air dry oven equipment of adopting is dried.
The solvent that described washing is used is bases washing agent or ketone washing agent; Wherein said bases washing agent is caustic soda washing agent, is configured to the aqueous solution that concentration is 3-5wt%; Described ketone washing agent is acetone, hexanone or cyclohexanone washing agent.
The temperature of described washing is 60-90 ℃.
Baking temperature in described step (1) is 100-120 ℃, and be 10-20min drying time.
Fibre length in the crushed material obtaining in described step (1) is 15-50mm.
Described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg is made up of the component that comprises following weight portion:
45 ~ 50 parts of continuous fibers;
50 ~ 55 parts of thermoplastic resins.
Described fabric is made up of the component that comprises following weight portion:
40 ~ 55 parts of fibers;
50 ~ 55 parts of thermoplastic resins.
In described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg, continuous fiber volume is unidirectional is uniformly distributed in thermoplastic resin.
Described continuous fiber is selected from inorganic continuous fiber, organic continuous fiber or metal continuous fiber.
Described inorganic continuous fiber is glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre or basalt fibre; Wherein said organic continuous fiber is aromatic polyamide fibre or superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers; Described metal continuous fiber is stainless steel fibre.
In described fabric, fiber is disorganized form in thermoplastic resin; Described fiber is selected from glass fibre, carbon fiber or basalt fibre.
Described thermoplastic resin is selected from polyolefin or polyamide; Preferably, described polyolefin is HOPP or COPP; Described polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 1010 or polyamide 1212.
Thermoplastic resin in described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg or fabric is identical with the resin material in continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material.
In described step (3), after crushed material flattening-out, density is 1200-1800g/ ㎡.
In described step (4), the speed of traction is 0.8-2.4m/min, and the temperature of heating is that polyolefin resin temperature is 160-180 ℃, and polyamide-based resin temperature is 220-240 ℃.
The mode of described step (4) heating is electrical heating, infrared heating or electromagnetic radiation; Cooling mode is that oil cooling, water-cooled or normal temperature are cooling.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the raw material in the inventive method and equipment, comprises the selection to prepreg and forming method, can accomplish that equipment is simple, and cheap, technological requirement is not high, can reach low-energy-consumption high-efficiency.
2, the prepared product of method of the present invention, makes continuous fiber and long fine mixed product by continuous fiber goods, and performance reduces little, and wherein how many materials are reclaimed materials, economically and on environment, have a considerable benefit.
3, the prepared product in the inventive method, can be made as sheet material, and coiled material occupation mode is multiple, and recyclable, again utilizes, and belongs to green product technology.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
In embodiment, except specified otherwise, component used is weight portion.
Embodiment 1 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material waste material is cut, cutting size is 150 × 150mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 80 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 5wt% washs; Dry 10min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 50 by fibre weight part, the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg that weight resin part is 50 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) by the surface density obtaining in step (1) be 1200g/ ㎡ crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves on crushed material surface and puts one deck continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 0.8m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 160 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.Embodiment 2 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material waste material is cut, cutting size is 180 × 180mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 80 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 5wt% washs; Dry 15min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 50 by fibre weight part, the carbon fiber RPP fabric that weight resin part is 50 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1200g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the carbon fiber RPP fabric after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts one deck carbon cloth on crushed material surface;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 0.8m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 170 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.Embodiment 3 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material waste material is cut, cutting size is 150 × 150mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 80 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 5wt% washs; Dry 20min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 50 by fibre weight part, the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg that weight resin part is 50 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1600g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg on crushed material surface;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 0.8m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 180 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.Embodiment 4 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polyamide waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polyamide material waste is cut, cutting size is 150 × 150mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 80 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 5wt% washs; Dry 15min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 50 by fibre weight part, the continuous glass fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg that weight resin part is 50 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) by the surface density obtaining in step (1) be 1800g/ ㎡ crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the continuous glass fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves on crushed material surface and puts continuous glass fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 0.8m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 220 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.
The test result of the product that table 1 is prepared for embodiment 1-4.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment 1 from embodiment 2 due to fibers form and different in resin matrix distribution, in example 2, the mechanical property such as bending strength, bending modulus, tensile break strength exceeds much than embodiment 1, the performance that the performance that in crushed material, surface density is large is less than surface density is high, and different matrix resin, its intensity is also different; Can, according to its performance and actual application environment, embody the greatest benefit of economic interests as can be seen here.
Embodiment 5 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polyamide waste material
(1) continuous carbon fibre reinforced polyamide material waste is cut, cutting size is 150 × 150mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 60 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 3wt% washs; Dry 15min at 100 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 45 by fibre weight part, the continuous carbon fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg that weight resin part is 55 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1600g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the continuous carbon fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves on crushed material surface and puts continuous carbon fibre reinforced polyamide prepreg;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 1.6m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 220 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.Embodiment 6 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material waste material is cut, cutting size is 180 × 180mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 90 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 4wt% washs; Dry 10min at 110 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 45 by fibre weight part, the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg that weight resin part is 55 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1400g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts layer of glass cloth on crushed material surface;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 2.4m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 170 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.
Embodiment 7 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene waste material
(1) continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material waste material is cut, cutting size is 180 × 180mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 80 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 5wt% washs; Dry 15min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 40 by fibre weight part, the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene fabric that weight resin part is 55 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1200g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene fabric after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts glass fiber reinforced polypropylene fabric on crushed material surface;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 0.8m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 175 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.Embodiment 8 reclaims continuous fiber reinforced polyamide waste material
(1) basalt fibre is strengthened to acid amides material waste and cut, cutting size is 180 × 180mm; Then putting into the aqueous solution that at 90 ℃, caustic soda detergent concentration is 3wt% washs; Dry 20min at 120 ℃; Then pulverize and obtain the crushed material that fibre length is 30-50mm;
(2) be 55 by fibre weight part, the basalt fibre reinforced polyamide fabric that weight resin part is 50 flattens by traction and roll-in;
(3) be 1600g/m by the surface density obtaining in step (1)
2crushed material flattening-out, uniform spreading is put on the basalt fibre reinforced polyamide fabric after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves on crushed material surface and puts basalt fibre reinforced polyamide fabric;
(4) material obtaining in step (3) is drawn at 1.2m/min by draw-gear; The heating of unlatching IR bake, heating-up temperature is 240 ℃; Then adopt metallic roll roll-in smooth, batch or cut by water quench to 50 ℃.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a recoverying and utilizing method for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is cut, washing, dry, pulverize, and obtains crushed material;
(2) fiber-reinforced resin prepreg or fabric are flattened by traction and roll-in;
(3), by the crushed material flattening-out obtaining in step (1), uniform spreading is placed on the prepreg or fabric after the middle roll-in of step (2), then repaves and puts one deck prepreg or fabric on crushed material surface;
(4) by the material obtaining in step (3) by traction, heating, roll-in is smooth, cooling then batches or cut.
2. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thermoplastic resin in described continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is polyolefin or polyamide-based resin;
Wherein said polyolefin is preferably COPP or HOPP; Described polyamide is preferably polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 1010 or polyamide 1212; Or continuous fiber in described continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material is glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre or basalt fibre.
3. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the specification that in described step (1), continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material carries out after cutting process is less than 200 × 200mm.
4. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), washing adopts industrial wash basin or cleaning equipment to wash; Or described dry employing industrial drying oven or air dry oven equipment are dried;
The solvent that described washing is used is bases washing agent or ketone washing agent; Wherein said bases washing agent is caustic soda washing agent, is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 3-5wt%; Described ketone washing agent is acetone, hexanone or cyclohexanone washing agent;
The temperature of described washing is 60-90 ℃;
Described dry temperature is 100-120 ℃, drying time 10-20min.
5. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fibre length in the crushed material obtaining in described step (1) is 15-50mm.
6. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg is made up of the component that comprises following weight portion:
45 ~ 50 parts of continuous fibers;
50 ~ 55 parts of thermoplastic resins;
Or described fabric is made up of the component that comprises following weight portion:
Fiber 40-55;
Thermoplastic resin 50-55 part.
7. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg, continuous fiber is unidirectional is uniformly distributed in thermoplastic resin;
Described continuous fiber is selected from inorganic continuous fiber, organic continuous fiber or metal continuous fiber;
Preferably, described inorganic continuous fiber is glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre or basalt fibre; Described organic continuous fiber is aromatic polyamide fibre or superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers; Described metal continuous fiber is stainless steel fibre;
Fiber in described fabric is disorganized form in thermoplastic resin;
Fiber in described fabric is selected from glass fibre, carbon fiber or basalt fibre, and described thermoplastic resin is polyolefin or polyamide.
8. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described thermoplastic resin is selected from polyolefin or polyamide; Described polyolefin is preferably HOPP or COPP; Described polyamide is preferably polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 1010 or polyamide 1212.
9. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thermoplastic resin in described continuous fibre enhancement resin prepreg or fabric is identical with the resin material in continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material waste material.
10. recoverying and utilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), after crushed material flattening-out, density is 1200-1800g/ ㎡;
Or the mode of described step (4) heating is electrical heating, infrared heating or electromagnetic radiation heating; Cooling mode is that oil cooling, water-cooled or normal temperature are cooling;
Or described step (4) in traction speed be 0.8-2.4m/min, the temperature of heating is that polyolefin resin temperature is 160-180 ℃, polyamide-based resin temperature is 220-240 ℃.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN104387670A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 丹阳市盛泰达昌复合材料有限公司 | Continuous glass fiber unidirectional thermoplastic composite plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN104589536A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江华江科技发展有限公司 | Method for performing one-step recycling on light loose type GMT for automotive inner and outer decorative parts and prepared reproducible powdered flame retardant |
| CN105710994A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 马东欣 | Reusing method of waste plastics |
| CN106273072A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 青海柴达木杰青科技有限公司 | The breaking method of a kind of prepreg tape waste material and the device of use |
| CN106564133A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2017-04-19 | 山东极威新材料科技有限公司 | Device and method for recovering continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite |
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Cited By (16)
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| CN104387670A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 丹阳市盛泰达昌复合材料有限公司 | Continuous glass fiber unidirectional thermoplastic composite plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN104589536A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江华江科技发展有限公司 | Method for performing one-step recycling on light loose type GMT for automotive inner and outer decorative parts and prepared reproducible powdered flame retardant |
| CN106273072A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 青海柴达木杰青科技有限公司 | The breaking method of a kind of prepreg tape waste material and the device of use |
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| CN105710994B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-06-01 | 马东欣 | The reuse method of waste plastic |
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