CN103776622A - High voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault rapid diagnosis system - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system, comprising a vibration sensor (1), a signal processing circuit (2), a data acquisition card (3), and a computer (4). The vibration sensor (1) is fixedly installed on the beam (6) of the high-voltage circuit breaker, connected to the signal processing circuit (2) through the signal line vibration sensor (1), and the output of the signal processing circuit (2) is connected with the data acquisition card (3) connection, the input channel of the data acquisition card (3) is connected to the closing and opening position signals in the circuit breaker mechanism box, and the data acquisition card (3) is connected to the computer (4) through the communication bus (9) . The high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system can automatically record the closing vibration signal and opening vibration signal for fault diagnosis, and can evaluate the status and working performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the high-voltage circuit breaker .

Description

A Rapid Diagnosis System for Mechanical Faults of High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

technical field

The invention relates to a mechanical fault diagnosis of a circuit breaker, in particular to a fast diagnosis system for a high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault.

Background technique

High-voltage circuit breakers are important equipment in power systems. When there are abnormal conditions such as short circuits in the power system, mechanical failures such as refusal to operate, misoperation, slow operation, and three-phase asynchronism of the circuit breaker may cause vicious accidents, and even cause The equipment exploded, causing huge losses to people's lives and state property. With the improvement of the automation degree and reliability requirements of power grid operation, higher requirements are put forward for the reliability of high-voltage circuit breakers. Therefore, it is very important to diagnose the faults that occur during the operation of high voltage circuit breakers in time, and the research on the diagnosis of mechanical faults of high voltage circuit breakers has huge economic and social benefits.

The current planned preventive maintenance is blind, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and will bring many unnecessary shutdowns, and frequent operations and excessive disassembly and maintenance will reduce the reliability of circuit breakers. Therefore, how to effectively monitor the working status of the circuit breaker, find out the fault of the circuit breaker in time, deal with the defective parts in advance, avoid the vicious development of the circuit breaker fault, and prevent the occurrence of vicious accidents such as the explosion of the circuit breaker. Safe and reliable operation is of great significance. With the continuous improvement of the economic requirements of the power system, the planned maintenance can no longer meet the needs of the site, and the monitoring and fault diagnosis of the mechanical state of the high-voltage circuit breaker has become the general trend.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at problems such as large blindness, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and long maintenance time during power outages in the use and maintenance of high-voltage circuit breakers, and provides an online monitoring and mechanical fault diagnosis system suitable for high-voltage circuit breakers, which can quickly and conveniently judge high-voltage circuit breakers The state of the circuit breaker ensures the long-term safe and reliable operation of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system, comprising a vibration sensor (1), a signal processing circuit (2), a data acquisition card (3), and a computer (4).

The signal processing circuit (2) includes a constant current source (2.1) and a signal amplifier (2.2), and the data acquisition card includes an A/D module (3.1) and an I/O module (3.2); the vibration sensor (1) is fixedly installed on the high voltage circuit breaker On the beam (6) of the device (5), the vibration sensor (1), the constant current source (2.1) and the signal amplifier (2.2) are connected in sequence, and the output terminal of the signal amplifier (2.2) is in phase with the input terminal of the A/D module (3.1). Connection, the input end of the I/O module (3.2) is connected with the switch contacts of the closing position and the opening position in the circuit breaker mechanism box; the data acquisition card (3) is connected with the computer (4) through the communication bus (9).

The high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault diagnosis process of the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault rapid diagnosis system includes the following steps:

Step S01, the constant current source (2.1) provides the working current of the vibration sensor (1), and obtains the voltage signal related to the measured vibration quantity from the working current, the voltage signal is the vibration signal of the vibration sensor (1), and the voltage signal is sent into the signal The amplifier (2.2) amplifies, and the amplified voltage signal is sent to the A/D module (3.1) of the data acquisition card (3), and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal, that is, the vibration signal is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is transmitted to the computer ;

Step S02, the I/O module (3.2) monitors the signals of the switch contacts of the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.1) in the circuit breaker mechanism box, and switches the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.2) The node signal is sent to the computer;

Step S03, after the computer (4) receives the vibration signal of step S01 and the switch contact signals of the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) of step S02, the computer (4) compares the digital signal of step S01 with the preset noise filter Threshold, and judge the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) switch contact signals of step S02, analyze and diagnose the mechanical failure of the high voltage circuit breaker.

Step S03 specifically includes the following steps:

1) The computer (4) monitors the vibration signal of the circuit breaker online, and compares the vibration signal of the circuit breaker with the preset noise filtering threshold. If it is greater than or equal to the preset noise filtering threshold, go to step 2) to judge whether it is a closing process, otherwise Continue to monitor the output signal of the A/D module (3.1);

2) If the opening position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the closing position switch is open, it is judged that this process is a closing process. After recording a combination of vibration signals, the threshold value of the closing state is judged. If the circuit breaker vibration signal If it is less than the closing state threshold, complete the closing vibration signal recording, and return to step 1) to continue monitoring the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the closing vibration signal;

3) If the closing position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the opening position switch is open, it is judged that this process is the opening process, and the opening vibration signal is recorded. After recording a group of breaking vibration signals, the opening state threshold is determined Judgment, if the measured vibration signal is less than the threshold of the opening state, complete the recording of the opening vibration signal, and return to step 1) continue to monitor the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the opening vibration signal.

Step S03 After the computer collects the vibration signal of step S01 and the switch contact signals of the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.2) of step S02, the processing process of the collected signal by the computer (4) also includes: extracting the packet of the vibration signal Envelope spectrum, based on the envelope spectrum to extract the vibration signal spectrum, compare the vibration signal spectrum with the data in the pre-established circuit breaker fault feature database to realize fault diagnosis.

The establishment process of the fault feature library includes: comparing the vibration signal spectrum extracted from the circuit breaker in the normal state and the fault state, and comparing all possible mechanical faults of the faulty circuit breaker one by one, thus establishing the vibration signal spectrum and A fault feature library corresponding to mechanical faults of high-voltage circuit breakers.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention uses the vibration signal of opening and closing to diagnose the mechanical failure of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and can evaluate the state and working performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, thereby ensuring the safety and security of the high-voltage circuit breaker. Reliable work, the system can solve the shortcomings of the regular monitoring and diagnosis methods adopted by the existing high-voltage circuit breakers, reduce unnecessary losses, ensure the reliability and stability of high-voltage circuit breakers in the power system, and provide a strong smart grid system Provide strong protection.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the invented mechanical fault diagnosis system.

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the mechanical fault diagnosis system of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a monitoring flowchart of the invented mechanical fault diagnosis system.

In the figure are: vibration sensor 1, signal processing circuit 2, constant current source 2.1, signal amplifier 2.2, data acquisition card 3, A/D module 3.1, I/O module 3.2, computer 4, circuit breaker interrupter assembly 5, Beam 6, support foot 7, mechanism box 8, communication bus 9.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As can be seen from Figure 1, a high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system, the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system includes a vibration sensor (1), a signal processing circuit (2), a data acquisition card (3), a computer (4) ; The vibration sensor (1) is fixedly installed on the beam (6) of the high-voltage circuit breaker, connected to the signal processing circuit (2) through the signal line vibration sensor (1), and the output of the signal processing circuit (2) is connected with the data acquisition The card (3) is connected, the input channel of the data acquisition card (3) is connected with the closing and opening position signals in the circuit breaker mechanism box, and the data acquisition card (3) communicates with the computer (4) through the communication bus (9) connect.

It can be seen from Figure 2 that the signal processing circuit (2) includes a constant current source (2.1) and a signal amplifier (2.2), and the data acquisition card includes an A/D module (3.1) and an I/O module (3.2); the vibration sensor (1) Fixedly installed on the beam (6) of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5), the vibration sensor (1), the constant current source (2.1) and the signal amplifier (2.2) are connected in sequence, and the output terminal of the signal amplifier (2.2) is connected to the A/D module ( 3.1) The input terminal is connected, and the input terminal of the I/O module (3.2) is connected with the switch contacts of the closing position and the opening position in the circuit breaker mechanism box; the data acquisition card (3) communicates with the computer ( 4) Connect.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault diagnosis process of the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault rapid diagnosis system includes the following steps:

Step S01, the constant current source (2.1) provides the working current of the vibration sensor (1), and obtains the voltage signal related to the measured vibration quantity from the working current, the voltage signal is the vibration signal of the vibration sensor (1), and the voltage signal is sent into the signal The amplifier (2.2) amplifies, and the amplified voltage signal is sent to the A/D module (3.1) of the data acquisition card (3), and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal, that is, the vibration signal is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is transmitted to the computer ;

Step S02, the I/O module (3.2) monitors the signals of the switch contacts of the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.1) in the circuit breaker mechanism box, and switches the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.2) The node signal is sent to the computer;

Step S03, after the computer (4) receives the vibration signal of step S01 and the switch contact signals of the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) of step S02, the computer (4) compares the digital signal of step S01 with the preset noise filter Threshold, and judge the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) switch contact signals of step S02, analyze and diagnose the mechanical failure of the high voltage circuit breaker.

Step S03 specifically includes the following steps:

1) The computer (4) monitors the vibration signal of the circuit breaker online, and compares the vibration signal of the circuit breaker with the preset noise filtering threshold. If it is greater than or equal to the preset noise filtering threshold, go to step 2) to judge whether it is a closing process, otherwise Continue to monitor the output signal of the A/D module (3.1);

2) If the opening position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the closing position switch is open, it is judged that this process is a closing process. After recording a combination of vibration signals, the threshold value of the closing state is judged. If the circuit breaker vibration signal If it is less than the closing state threshold, complete the closing vibration signal recording, and return to step 1) to continue monitoring the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the closing vibration signal;

3) If the closing position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the opening position switch is open, it is judged that this process is the opening process, and the opening vibration signal is recorded. After recording a group of breaking vibration signals, the opening state threshold is determined Judgment, if the measured vibration signal is less than the threshold of the opening state, complete the recording of the opening vibration signal, and return to step 1) continue to monitor the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the opening vibration signal.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system, characterized in that it includes a vibration sensor (1), a signal processing circuit (2), a data acquisition card (3), and a computer (4); The signal processing circuit (2) includes a constant current source (2.1) and a signal amplifier (2.2); The data acquisition card includes an A/D module (3.1) and an I/O module (3.2); The vibration sensor (1) is fixedly installed on the beam (6) of the high voltage circuit breaker (5), the vibration sensor (1), the constant current source (2.1) and the signal amplifier (2.2) are connected in sequence, and the signal amplifier (2.2) The output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the A/D module (3.1), and the input terminal of the I/O module (3.2) is connected to the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) switch in the circuit breaker mechanism box The contacts are connected; the data acquisition card (3) is connected with the computer (4). 2. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault rapid diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault diagnosis process of the high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault rapid diagnosis system comprises the following steps: Step S01, the constant current source (2.1) provides the working current of the vibration sensor (1), and obtains a voltage signal related to the measured vibration quantity from the working current, and the voltage signal is the vibration signal of the vibration sensor (1) , the voltage signal is sent to the signal amplifier (2.2) for amplification, and the amplified voltage signal is sent to the A/D module (3.1) of the data acquisition card (3) to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal, that is, the vibration signal is converted into a digital signal, transmitting said digital signal to a computer; Step S02, the I/O module (3.2) monitors the signals of the switch contacts of the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.1) in the circuit breaker mechanism box, and sends the signals of the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) ) The switch node signal is transmitted to the computer; Step S03, after the computer (4) receives the vibration signal of step S01 and the switch contact signals of the closing position (8.1) and the opening position (8.2) of step S02, the computer (4) compares the digital signal of the step S01 with the preset Filtering the noise threshold, and judging the switch contact signals of the closing position (8.1) and opening position (8.2) in the step S02, analyzing and diagnosing the mechanical failure of the high voltage circuit breaker. 3. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system according to claim 2, wherein the step S03 specifically includes the following steps: 1) The computer (4) monitors the vibration signal of the circuit breaker online, and compares the vibration signal of the circuit breaker with the preset noise filtering threshold. If it is greater than or equal to the preset noise filtering threshold, go to step 2) to judge whether it is a closing process, otherwise Continue to monitor the output signal of the A/D module (3.1); 2) If the opening position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the closing position switch is open, it is judged that this process is a closing process. After recording a combination of vibration signals, the threshold value of the closing state is judged. If the circuit breaker vibration signal If it is less than the closing state threshold, complete the closing vibration signal recording, and return to step 1) to continue monitoring the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the closing vibration signal; 3) If the closing position switch of the high-voltage circuit breaker (5) is closed and the opening position switch is open, it is judged that this process is the opening process, and the opening vibration signal is recorded. After recording a group of breaking vibration signals, the opening state threshold is determined Judgment, if the measured vibration signal is less than the threshold of the opening state, complete the recording of the opening vibration signal, and return to step 1) continue to monitor the circuit breaker vibration signal, otherwise continue to record the opening vibration signal. 4. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure rapid diagnosis system according to claim 2, characterized in that the computer in step S03 collects the vibration signal in step S01 and step S02 closing position (8.1) and opening position ( 8.2) After switching the contact signal, the computer (4) processes the collected signal including: extracting the envelope spectrum of the vibration signal, extracting the vibration signal spectrum based on the envelope spectrum, and comparing the vibration signal spectrum with the pre-established circuit breaker fault characteristics Compare the data in the library to realize fault diagnosis. 5. A kind of high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical failure fast diagnosis system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described fault feature database establishment process comprises: compare the vibration signal frequency spectrum that the circuit breaker of normal state and fault state extracts Yes, compare all possible mechanical faults of the fault circuit breaker one by one, thereby establishing a fault feature library corresponding to the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal and the mechanical fault of the high-voltage circuit breaker. 6 . The rapid diagnosis system for mechanical faults of high voltage circuit breakers according to claim 1 , wherein the data acquisition card ( 3 ) is connected to a computer ( 4 ) through a communication bus ( 9 ).

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