CN103759466B - A kind of method and device of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery - Google Patents

A kind of method and device of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery Download PDF

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CN103759466B
CN103759466B CN201410012655.0A CN201410012655A CN103759466B CN 103759466 B CN103759466 B CN 103759466B CN 201410012655 A CN201410012655 A CN 201410012655A CN 103759466 B CN103759466 B CN 103759466B
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gas
water
flue gas
spray
generator
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CN103759466A (en
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谢晓云
江亿
朱超逸
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62Absorption based systems
    • Y02B30/625Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The invention discloses the method and device of a kind of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery belonging to energy field, combustion gas first gas driven generator burns, the heat of release is as the high temperature heat source of Absorption Refrigerator, n level spray unit is entered after flue gas boiler smoke mixing after burning, directly contact with shower water therein and be evaporated cooling, then discharged by smoke evacuation outlet;Self-circulating water enters the 1st grade of spray unit from spray unit circulating water intake and sprays, the water outlet of every grade of spray unit is transported to next stage spray unit under the effect of feeding spraying pump and sprays, the water outlet of n-th grade of spray unit is squeezed into vaporizer through water circulating pump from vaporizer chilled water inlet and is lowered the temperature, chilled water after cooling is transported to the 1st grade of spray unit again, thus completes the self-loopa of shower water.The method of the present invention can the effectively save energy improve heat capacity, eliminate the SO in flue gas simultaneously2、NOxGas, decreases the flue gas pollution to environment.

Description

A kind of method and device of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy field, be specifically related to the absorption combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery of a kind of novel spray Method and device.
Background technology
At present, gas-fired equipment is widely used in China, and the direct burning of natural gas can produce in a large number High-temperature flue gas, flue gas not only carries substantial amounts of waste heat, possibly together with NOxAnd SO2Etc. harmful gas, to cigarette More than gas, the noxious pollutant etc. in pick up the heat, removing flue gas becomes fuel gas combustion equipment energy-saving and emission-reduction Key.Flue gas after combustion of natural gas not only temperature is the highest, and containing substantial amounts of steam, wherein water steams The condensation heat of gas accounts for more than the 70% of fume afterheat.Current flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus mainly has two classes, One is to carry out heat exchange by the mediate contact of flue gas Yu water to carry out the Exposure degree of flue gas;Two is absorption refrigeration Machines etc. are prepared the low-temperature receiver of low temperature and are contacted with the direct or indirect of water by flue gas, sensible heat and the steam to flue gas Latent heat reclaim simultaneously.
Existing carry out heat exchange by directly or indirectly contacting of flue gas and water thus carry out flue gas waste heat recovery Patent has: (1) patent of invention CN200710100388.2 discloses a kind of water spray type thin plastic film flue gas waste heat Reclaim and desulfurizer.This device carries out the indirect contact countercurrent flow of flue gas and water by thin film, but its Fume side resistance is bigger.(2) patent of invention CN200720048437.8 discloses a kind of flue gas waste heat recovery joint Can device.This device makes flue gas change with water direct contact type by installing feedwater atomizing sprayer on flue additional Heat, thus the flue gas being discharged in flue is carried out recuperation of heat, this device is only flue gas waste heat recovery system In parts, how the source of shower water and the fume afterheat of recovery are used in system and are not the most discussed. The patent that the sensible heat of flue gas and latent heat are reclaimed by existing utilization Absorption Refrigerator simultaneously has: (3) are sent out The direct-burning type lithium bromide absorption type that bright patent CN201210576484.5 discloses a kind of Mist heat recovering is cold and hot Water unit.Direct combustion type lithium bromide absorption machine is transformed by this unit, discharges fume at Central Air-Conditioner high tension generator Outlet arranges flue gas condensing heat exchanger, uses chilled water and weak solution that the smoke evacuation of unit itself carries out heat and returns Receive, raising unit efficiency, the mode that flue gas-condensing heat exchanger is flue gas and water mediate contact of this device, right The corrosion resistance of condensing heat exchanger material requires higher, and the flue gas resistance of condensing heat exchanger also can be bigger.(4) Patent of invention CN201010238743.4 discloses a kind of flue gas waste heat recovery system based on solution absorption cycle. This system includes generator, condenser, absorber, the flue gas from boiler etc. each lead into generator, Condenser and absorber, heat dilute solution in generator, within the condenser with cooling water heat exchange, absorbing Releasing latent heat with weak solution countercurrent flow in device, the flue gas of different grades can be utilized by this unit, but Owing to it is by some in flue gas introducing system, device is more complicated, and device each several part is solved flue gas Etching problem also been proposed higher requirement.(5) utility model patent CN201120133195.9 discloses one Plant the central heating system utilizing absorption heat pump Mist heat recovering.This system uses flue gas directly to connect with water Tactile heat exchange carries out waste heat recovery, but owing to this system is multiple not by absorption type heat pump assembly, spray equipment etc. Same sections in series forms, and its floor space is relatively big, and the requirement for construction is the highest.
Also there is engineering by the flue gas heat recovery Technology application of Absorption heat-transformer and gas-water heat exchange in same project In, but owing to the plant area area of each of which part is relatively big, and device is distributed the compactest adding The laying cost of smoke pipe and water pipe and the resistance of ducting so that research and develop a kind of can reasonable combination two kinds of technology Integrated device becomes inevitable developing direction.Further, above-mentioned flue gas waste heat recovery method or device are normally only It is to consider sensible heat and the recovery of latent heat in flue gas, to removing contained NO in flue gasXAnd SO2Etc. harmful gas Consider less, and investigate discovery recently, NOxIt is the main source of PM2.5 in air, therefore, is reclaiming While fume afterheat, remove the NO in smoke evacuationxAnd SO2Also become the most necessary.Thus, the present invention carries A kind of novel spray absorption combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery integrated device, this spray-absorption integral type are gone out Unit directly do not contact module merely with absorption refrigeration module with gas-water and achieve steam in flue gas Condensing units, additionally it is possible to absorb the NO in flue gas while recuperation of heatxAnd SO2Etc. harmful gas, with Time achieve energy-conservation, reduce discharging, prepare substantial amounts of condensed water simultaneously, can be as the moisturizing etc. of boiler, simultaneously The technique of all-in-one the most effectively saves floor space, and structure is compacter, save pipeline production cost and Conveying energy consumption and construction technology is simplified, the duration is greatly shortened.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method and device of a kind of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery, This device is the unit of a kind of spray-absorption integral type, and structure is compacter, and cost is lower.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery, the method comprises the steps: that combustion gas is entered Entering the generator of Absorption Refrigerator 27, the heat of burning release is as the high-temperature hot of Absorption Refrigerator 27 Source, the flue gas of discharge mixes at waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8 with boiler smoke;Mixed flue gas enters the spray of n level Pouring unit 5 directly contacts with shower water therein and is evaporated cooling, and the flue gas after cooling is by outlet 9 of discharging fume Discharge, wherein 2≤n≤20;Above-mentioned n level spray unit 5 be sequentially connected in series by inverse flow of flue gas direction the 1st Level is to n-th grade of spray unit composition, and recirculated water initially enters the 1st grade of spray unit and sprays, every grade of spray The water outlet of pouring unit is squeezed into next stage spray unit by feeding spraying pump 11 and is proceeded spray, and n-th grade of spray is single The water outlet of unit is transported to vaporizer 4 by water circulating pump 15, and the low-temperature heat source as Absorption Refrigerator 27 is dropped Temperature, the chilled water after cooling is transported to the 1st grade of spray unit again, it is achieved thereby that recirculated water sprays in n level Circulation in unit 5;Heat supply network backwater passes sequentially through the absorber 3 of Absorption Refrigerator 27 and enters with condenser 2 Row preheating, water outlet is delivered to boiler.
The generator of above-mentioned Absorption Refrigerator 27 has following two implementation: a kind of mode is for utilizing combustion gas Driving high tension generator 19 and flue gas to drive the structure of low pressure generator 20 composition to realize, first combustion gas enters Entering gas driven high tension generator 19, the flue gas discharged after burning mixes with boiler smoke, and mixed flue gas enters again Entering flue gas drives low pressure generator 20 to lower the temperature, and the heat that the heat of flue gas cool-down discharges with burning is made jointly For the high temperature heat source of Absorption Refrigerator 27, the mixed flue gas after cooling is transported to n level spray unit 5;Or Another way uses single gas driven generator 1 to realize, and combustion gas enters gas driven generator 1, The flue gas discharged after burning mixes with boiler smoke, obtains mixed flue gas, and it is single that mixed flue gas enters n level spray Unit 5.
A kind of method of preferred spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery, above-mentioned mixed flue gas is introduced into flue gas -water indirect heat exchanger 18, and pass sequentially through absorber 3 and condenser 2 preheating heat supply network backwater carry out adverse current between Connecing heat exchange, heat supply network backwater is warmed, and mixed flue gas is lowered the temperature, and the mixed flue gas after pre-cooling enters n level spray Unit 5, the heat supply network backwater being mixed flue gas is delivered to boiler.
By desulfurization module 23 to n-th grade of spray unit conveying alkali liquor, recirculated water is adjusted to soda acid neutral, logical Cross denitration module 24 and carry denitration medicament to the 1st grade of spray unit, for absorbing the nitrogen oxidation in mixed flue gas Thing and sulfur dioxide gas.
The outer wall of n-th grade of spray unit arranges spilling water valve 25, discharges the condensed water that waste heat recovery produces; It is provided with water fender 26 at waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8 and smoke evacuation outlet 9, prevents shower water from entering flue.
A kind of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, this device includes the Absorption Refrigerator of bottom 27 directly contact spray chamber with the gas-water on top;Owing to there is open type liquid level in device, thus device is divided into Up-down structure, directly contacts spray chamber by open type liquid level, i.e. gas-water and is placed in highest point;Bottom is predominantly used Absorption Refrigerator in Absorption heat-transformer;Above-mentioned Absorption Refrigerator 27 include generator, condenser 2, Absorber 3 and vaporizer 4;Above-mentioned gas-water directly contacts spray chamber and is sequentially connected in series by inverse flow of flue gas direction The 1st grade to n-th grade spray unit composition, wherein 2≤n≤20;The outlet of every grade of spray unit passes through Feeding spraying pump 11 and corresponding water lines are connected with the water inlet of next stage spray unit, n-th grade of spray unit Outlet be connected with vaporizer chilled water inlet 13 by water circulating pump 15 and corresponding water lines, evaporate Device chilled water outlet 14 is connected with the spray unit circulating water intake 10 of the 1st grade of spray unit.
Series connection gas-water indirect heat exchanger 18 between spray chamber is directly contacted with gas-water at above-mentioned smoke inlet 8, The water inlet of gas-water indirect heat exchanger 18 is connected with the coolant outlet of condenser 2, and gas-water changes indirectly The outlet of hot device 18 is connected with boiler.
Above-mentioned generator is gas driven generator 1 or combustion gas flue gas Dual Drive source generator, and this combustion gas flue gas is double Source generator is driven to be driven low pressure generator 20 to form by gas driven high tension generator 19 and flue gas;Combustion gas The exhanst gas outlet driving generator 1 is connected with waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8;Combustion gas flue gas Dual Drive source occurs In device, the exhanst gas outlet of gas driven high tension generator 19 drives low pressure generator gas approach 21 with flue gas Being connected, flue gas drives low pressure generator exhanst gas outlet 22 to be connected with waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8.
The method that the invention have the benefit that spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas total heat recovery through the present invention, By the flue gas degree of depth being cooled down, flue-gas temperature is dropped to a large amount of latent heat of the following recovered flue gas of dew point temperature, cigarette The sensible heat of gas and major part latent heat are recovered as the waste heat of a secondary net backwater, it is possible to the effectively save energy also carries High heat capacity, the simultaneously SO in flue gas2、NOxGas is effectively absorbed by shower water, decreases flue gas to ring The pollution in border.Meanwhile, the design of the spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas full heat recovery device of the present invention is effectively saved Floor space, structure is compacter, saves pipeline production cost and conveying energy consumption and makes skill of constructing Art simplifies, and the duration is greatly shortened.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be a kind of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery Method And Principle figure;
Fig. 2 is the Method And Principle figure that Fig. 1 adds gas-water indirect heat exchanger;
Fig. 3 is the Method And Principle figure that Fig. 2 adds combustion gas flue gas Dual Drive source generator;
In figure: 1-gas driven generator, 2-condenser, 3-absorber, 4-vaporizer, 5-n level spray unit, 6-fuel gas inlet, 7-gas driven generator exhanst gas outlet, 8-waste heat recovery smoke inlet, 9-smoke evacuation outlet, 10-spray unit circulating water intake, 11-feeding spraying pump, 12-spray unit circulating water outlet, 13-vaporizer are cold Freeze water inlet, 14-vaporizer chilled water outlet, 15-water circulating pump, 16-hot net water import, 17-hot net water go out Mouth, 18-gas-water indirect heat exchanger, 19-gas driven high tension generator, 20-flue gas drive low pressure generator, 21-flue gas drives low pressure generator smoke inlet, 22-flue gas to drive low pressure generator exhanst gas outlet, 23-desulfurization Module, 24-denitration module, 25-spilling water valve, 26-water fender, 27-Absorption Refrigerator.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes the method and device of a kind of spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery, below in conjunction with attached Figure is described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, then combustion gas enters gas driven generator 1 from fuel gas inlet 6, it is provided that absorption system The high temperature heat source of cold 27, the flue gas of discharge from gas driven generator exhanst gas outlet 7 discharge after with boiler smoke Gas mixes at waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8, and mixed flue gas enters n level spray unit 5, from discharging fume after cooling Mouth 9 discharges units.
Wherein, self-circulating water enters the 1st grade of spray unit from spray unit circulating water intake 10 and sprays, The water outlet of every grade of spray unit is transported to next stage spray unit for spraying under the effect of feeding spraying pump 11, The water outlet of n-th grade of spray unit is after spray unit circulating water outlet 12 is discharged, by water circulating pump 15 through steaming Sending out device chilled water inlet 13 and be transported to vaporizer 4, the low-temperature heat source as Absorption Refrigerator 27 is lowered the temperature, Chilled water after cooling is discharged from vaporizer chilled water outlet 14, is transported to the 1st grade of spray unit, thus complete Become self-circulating water circulation in n level spray unit 5.Meanwhile, heat supply network backwater enters from hot net water import 16 Enter Absorption Refrigerator 27, pass sequentially through absorber 3 and condenser 2 preheats, from hot net water after preheating Outlet 17 drains into boiler.
As in figure 2 it is shown, mixed flue gas initially enters gas-water indirect heat exchanger 18, and through absorber 3 and cold The heat supply network backwater of condenser 2 preheating is also transported to gas-water indirect heat exchanger 18, carries out with mixed flue gas therein Countercurrently indirect heat exchange, heat supply network backwater continues to heat up, and mixed flue gas is lowered the temperature, and the mixed flue gas after pre-cooling is again Enter n level spray unit 5 to cool down, and the heat supply network backwater being mixed flue gas is delivered to boiler.
As it is shown on figure 3, combustion gas initially enters gas driven high tension generator 19, after burning discharge flue gas with Boiler smoke drives low pressure generator smoke inlet 21 to mix at flue gas, and mixed flue gas enters flue gas and drives low pressure Generator 20 is lowered the temperature, it is further provided the high temperature heat source of Absorption Refrigerator 27, the mixing after cooling Flue gas drives low pressure generator exhanst gas outlet 22 to discharge from flue gas, enters n level through waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8 Spray unit 5, it is achieved thereby that the Multi-class propagation to high-temperature flue gas grade.
In spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus running, by desulfurization module 23 to n-th grade Spray unit conveying alkali liquor, is adjusted to soda acid neutral by recirculated water, single to the 1st grade of spray by denitration module 24 Unit's conveying denitration medicament, for absorbing the nitrogen oxides in mixed flue gas and sulfur dioxide gas.
It addition, arrange spilling water valve 25 on the outer wall of n-th grade of spray unit, discharge the cold of waste heat recovery generation Solidifying water;It is provided with water fender 26 at waste heat recovery smoke inlet 8 and smoke evacuation outlet 9, prevents shower water from entering cigarette Road.

Claims (2)

1. a spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, it is characterised in that this device includes bottom Absorption Refrigerator (27) directly contacts spray chamber with the gas-water on top;Described Absorption Refrigerator (27) Including generator, condenser (2), absorber (3) and vaporizer (4);Described gas-water directly contacts spray Drench the 1st grade to n-th grade spray unit being sequentially connected in series by inverse flow of flue gas direction of room to form, wherein 2≤n≤ 20;The outlet of every grade of spray unit is sprayed with next stage by feeding spraying pump (11) and corresponding water lines The water inlet of unit is connected, and the outlet of n-th grade of spray unit is by water circulating pump (15) and corresponding water Pipeline is connected with vaporizer chilled water inlet (13), vaporizer chilled water outlet (14) and the 1st grade of spray The spray unit circulating water intake (10) of unit is connected;
Described generator is gas driven generator (1) or combustion gas flue gas Dual Drive source generator, this combustion gas cigarette Gas Dual Drive source generator is driven low pressure generator (20) by gas driven high tension generator (19) and flue gas Composition;The exhanst gas outlet of gas driven generator (1) is connected with waste heat recovery smoke inlet (8);Combustion gas In flue gas Dual Drive source generator, the exhanst gas outlet of gas driven high tension generator (19) drives low with flue gas Pressure generator gas approach (21) is connected, and flue gas drives low pressure generator exhanst gas outlet (22) to return with waste heat Receive smoke inlet (8) to be connected.
Spray-absorption formula combustion gas flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Gas-water indirect heat exchanger (18) of connecting between spray chamber is directly contacted with gas-water at described smoke inlet (8), The water inlet of gas-water indirect heat exchanger (18) is connected with the coolant outlet of condenser (2), gas-water The outlet of indirect heat exchanger (18) is connected with boiler.
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CN105433422B (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-10-27 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 Flue-cured tobacco humidity discharging heat reclamation device and recovery method
CN106440465A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-22 浙江浙能节能科技有限公司 Energy-saving type thermal power plant flue gas moisture recovering system
CN106765268B (en) * 2017-01-19 2022-07-26 清华大学 Boiler flue gas waste heat degree of depth recovery unit
CN107328133A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-07 昊姆(上海)节能科技有限公司 Direct combustion type open type absorbent unit
CN107687648A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-13 江苏中圣高科技产业有限公司 The high-efficiency energy-saving ring insurance system that a kind of residual heat from boiler fume utilizes
CN109489057B (en) * 2018-12-06 2024-03-12 清华大学 Double-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system

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CN1536296A (en) * 2003-04-11 2004-10-13 清华大学 Heat pump type heat and electircity combined supply system by using as turbine as power
CN201381870Y (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-01-13 权犇 Device for fully recycling return air residual heat in mine
CN101726110B (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-08-17 清华大学 Heatpump type gas-fired boiler waste heat recovery unit
CN102179161B (en) * 2011-05-04 2014-01-08 山东大学 Slurry for desulfuration and denitration of recirculating fluidized bed boiler
CN202734021U (en) * 2012-06-21 2013-02-13 北京华通兴远供热节能技术有限公司 Smoke total heat recovery system of direct contact type gas-fired boiler
CN103105078A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-15 清华大学 Multi-stage side spray type spray cooling system used for flue gas waste heat recovery

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