CN103757762A - Spinning method for conducting fiber arrangement on fiber bands - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a spinning method for fiberizing strands, which belongs to the technical field of textile processing. In the present invention, a device for fiberizing the strands is installed in the front drafting area of the ring spinning frame. The slow accumulation in the forward direction plays a smoothing effect on the sliver with the number of fibers gradually decreasing. It is essentially different from the traditional bell-mouth rapid and short process accumulation. The front end of the fiber trimmer is very close to the engagement of the front top roller and the front roller. It can significantly reduce yarn hairiness, improve yarn evenness and yarn strength, and at the same time reduce the phenomenon that the edge fibers in the twisting triangle area of the spun yarn are sucked away by the cotton suction tube and become bellows, which is beneficial to improve the spun yarn production rate. The spinning method of the whole fiber treatment of the present invention is easy to operate, and has little influence on the operator's operation.

Description

A spinning method for fiberizing sliver

technical field

The invention relates to a spinning method for fiberizing strands, specifically adding a device for fiberizing strands to existing spinning equipment, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing.

Background technique

The spinning process is the foundation and key link of the entire textile industry. The quality of the yarn produced in the spinning process directly determines the subsequent processing of the yarn, such as weaving efficiency and cloth surface effect. Ring spinning, which appeared in the early 19th century, laid the foundation for modern yarn processing technology. Hairiness and evenness are important indicators to measure yarn quality and are also indicators of spun yarn quality stipulated in the national standard GB/T398-93. It not only affects the production efficiency of post-processes such as weaving and knitting, but also affects the appearance quality of the final product, especially today when shuttleless looms are widely used, reducing yarn hairiness is of great significance.

Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on controlling yarn hairiness. There are two methods commonly used, one is to use conventional methods, that is, to reduce hairiness by rationally optimizing process parameters or applying some new spinning technologies, such as increasing yarn twist, reducing spinning speed, and appropriately increasing spinning tension , Appropriately reduce the draft ratio of the spun yarn area or adopt such as compact spinning technology. One is to develop a special hairiness reduction device to eliminate hairiness, such as adding some simple hairiness elimination devices on the ring spinning frame to reduce yarn hairiness. At present, the method of air jetting is basically used to reduce yarn hairiness, that is, an air jetting device is installed between the front roller and the yarn guide hook, and the formed hairiness is attached to the surface of the yarn by using the rotation of the air stream, such as the United States Intellectual Property Office April 1979 The invention patent "method and apparatus yarn treatment" published on August 10, patent number 41481779 and the invention patent "method and apparatus for modifying sun textile yarn" published on August 22, 1989, patent number 5263311. The main difference between these studies is that the different air injection devices lead to different force directions on the yarn surface fibers, resulting in different winding effects and resulting in different yarn hairiness elimination effects. At the same time, these devices need to be installed with special air compression equipment and pipelines, and have complex structures. Installing them on the spinning frame has a great influence on the joint operation of the car operator, and consumes a lot of energy. Pressure bar spacer with grooves, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN201459313U, published on May 12, 2010, the name of the invention is pressure bar spacer with grooves, the patent discloses a pressure bar with grooves The distance block includes the distance block and the pressure rods fixed on the left and right ends of the distance block. On the left and right symmetrical side walls of the pressure rod, there are concave grooves I in an inverted triangle shape and concave grooves II in a triangular shape. The concave groove I is located at Just above the concave groove II and its groove surface is larger than the groove surface of the concave groove II, the pointed bottom surface of the concave groove I and the pointed top surface of the concave groove II just join. In the spinning process of the pressure rod spacer with grooves of the utility model, the cross section of the whiskers is subjected to shrinkage through the inverted triangle concave groove I and then diverges through the triangular concave groove II, and the cross section of the whiskers is subjected to shrinkage. The control is reduced thus affecting the yarn quality. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103361784A, publication date 2013.10.23, the name of the invention is a spinning collector. Installing a collector in the drafting area of the spinning frame can reduce the width of fiber strands, arrange floating fibers, reduce fly and draft cots due to static electricity Cots and piles produced by adsorption reduce raw material consumption and significantly reduce yarn hairiness. When the yarn passes through the collector, the collector will force the yarn to be squeezed, and the collector will rub against the yarn, which will affect the deterioration of yarn quality. It's dry.

Scholars at home and abroad have also done a lot of research on improving the system. All in all, there are four measures to reduce the unevenness of yarn evenness: one is to strengthen the management of raw materials and the test and analysis of their performance. The difference in length and fineness, as well as the control of short staples and harmful defects, must strictly implement the cotton distribution regulations. The second is to carry out reasonable process design, give full play to the control ability of each drafting machine to the fiber movement, so that the fiber moves regularly during the drafting process, so as to reduce the "drafting wave" for the spinning frame in the yarn forming process ,Particularly important. The third is to improve the quality of semi-finished products and strictly prevent the existence of periodic ripples and potential unevenness in semi-finished products. In addition, it is also crucial to improve the separation degree and straightening parallelism of fibers in the semi-finished product, and to make the fibers move regularly during the drafting process of the spinning process. The fourth is to improve the design rationality and manufacturing precision of mechanical equipment, especially the precision of drafting parts, strengthen the repair and maintenance of machinery, ensure that the equipment is in good condition, and reduce "mechanical waves".

In order to improve the evenness of the yarn, many patents install pressure rods in the drafting area to increase the additional friction to improve the evenness. The utility model discloses a pressure rod in the front area of the spun yarn, which belongs to the field of textile machinery, and its structure includes a rod body and a distance block. The cross-section of the rod body is obliquely upturned at the upper part, and the lower part is arc-shaped. The middle part and the front side of the distance block are respectively provided with a middle groove and a front side groove. The outer edges of the front portion of the upper pin are arranged in parallel. Compared with the prior art, the pressure bar in the spinning front area of the utility model has a bar body in front of the upper pin, which can further strengthen the control of the fibers in the drafting area, and the thickness of the yarn is more uniform. However, the pressure The rod will entangle the fibers and cannot adapt to the traversing of the roving. If the roving does not traverse, the top roller will be worn unevenly, which reduces the service life of the top roller and increases the production cost, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and use. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202181396U, published on April 4, 2012, the name of the invention is a traverse pressure rod collector, which relates to a drafting device in the field of textile machinery, especially a pressure rod used on spinning machines aggregator. It is composed of a spacer (1) and a pressure rod (2). The distance block is provided with a piercing hole. The shape of the piercing hole is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the pressure rod. The pressure rod is inserted into this piercing hole. It forms a clearance fit; the pressure rod is provided with a blind hole, and a limit pin (3) is riveted in the blind hole to cooperate with the limit groove (4) on the distance block. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of being able to realize yarn traverse, thereby reducing the wear of the top rollers, prolonging the service life of the top rollers, effectively controlling the fibers in the floating zone, reducing hairiness, and improving the spinning quality. There is still the problem of fiber-winding pressure rods, and after installing the traversable pressure rod collector, the roving traverse is subjected to relatively large resistance perpendicular to the drafting direction of the roving, which is completely unfavorable for the straightening and parallel arrangement of individual fibers in the roving. Deteriorating the yarn evenness will increase the difference between the spindles, which will affect the quality of the yarn and is not conducive to large-scale promotion. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102260940A, published on November 30, 2011, the name of the invention is a high-efficiency compact textile process. The patent discloses a high-efficiency compact textile process. The fiber control device is added in the area, which increases the friction force field and effectively controls the fiber movement, especially the control of short fibers, so that the fiber speed change point is moved forward and the unevenness of the yarn is reduced. However, the compact spinning can The consumption is large, and the increased fiber control device reduces the fiber utilization rate.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a spinning method for fiberizing the sliver.

In order to achieve the above purpose, its technical solution is:

A spinning method for fiber-refining strands, in which a fiber-refining treatment device is installed on the distance block or the cradle in the front drafting area of the ring spinning frame, and the strands are jointly formed by the lower apron and the upper apron The gripping jaws are input into the whole fiber processing device, and the sliver after being collected and autoleveled by the whole fiber processing device is output from the front jaw composed of the front top roller and front roller, and passed through the yarn guide hook, steel collar, and steel wire. coil, wound on a spun bobbin.

The fiber straightening device is composed of a fiber straightener, a support shaft and a bracket, the support shaft is cylindrical, the bracket is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support shaft, the fiber straightener is composed of a shaft sleeve and a cluster plate, and the cluster plate is connected to the shaft sleeve As a whole, there is a cluster groove on the cluster plate, the inlet of the cluster groove is located under the shaft sleeve, the connection line between the inlet and outlet of the cluster groove is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft sleeve, and the sleeve is movably fitted on both ends of the support shaft, and Located on both sides of the bracket, the ratio of the inner diameter of the bushing to the diameter of the support shaft is 1.2:1-4.0:1.

The clustering plate adopts one of metal sheets, ceramic sheets or plastic sheets.

The distance between the outlet of the bundle groove and the meshing line of the front top roller and the front roller in the fiber processing device installed on the distance block or the cradle is 0.1-5.0mm.

Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the fiber finishing of the present invention is characterized in that the strands are slowly gathered along the advance direction of the strands through the bundle groove of the fiber adjustment processing device installed on the distance block or on the cradle, and the number of fibers is gradually reduced. The whiskers play the role of smoothing, which is essentially different from the traditional trumpet-mouth fast and short-process accumulation. The whiskers gather in a large area, slow and gentle without producing hook fibers, and do not affect the uniformity along the length of the whiskers, that is, evenness. , with the advancement of the strands, the bell mouth gradually shrinks from the rear end to the front end to shrink, gather and manage the strands with a gradually decreasing number of fibers, so as to avoid the outward diffusion of floating fibers. The position of the front end of the fiberizer is very close to the meshing line between the front top roller and the front roller, so as to realize the polymerization of the fibers that will form the yarn after passing the meshing line, which is fundamentally different from the traditional bell mouth collector far away from the meshing line The traditional trumpet collector can only aggregate the strands in the drafting process, and the number of fibers at this time is far greater than the number of fibers actually constituting the yarn. The fiber trimmer can slide freely in the horizontal direction, meeting the requirements of the ring spinning traverse or the unstable path of the sliver itself. The deterioration of evenness and the increase of details, because the ratio of the inner diameter of the sleeve of the fiberizer to the diameter of the support shaft is 1.2:1-4.0:1, the fiberizer has the characteristics of free rotation in a small range up and down, left and right, and automatically adapts to the position of the strands and thickness changes. The rear end (the widest part of the bell mouth) of the fiberizer can rotate along the support shaft, while the front end is a free end, and the strands pass through the groove below it. The weight of the front end is related to the thickness of the strands and the number of fibers. With a certain matching relationship, its weight can smooth the fibers without deforming the strands. When the strands are bent at weak points, the front end of the fiber trimmer is held up by the rollers to prevent excessive deformation of the strands. That is to say: it has a smoothing effect on the surface fibers of the whiskers, a strong smoothing effect on the thick parts of the whiskers, and a weak pressure and smoothing effect on the thin parts of the whiskers, so it can achieve a similar autoleveling effect. The overall weight of the fiberizer is between 20% and 80% of the breaking strength of the spun yarn, depending on the need for hairiness control.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber processing device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber trimmer.

Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 3.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. see Attachment

A spinning method for fiberizing strands, in which a fiberizing treatment device 4 is installed on the distance block or the cradle in the front drafting area of the ring spinning frame, and the strands 1 pass through the lower apron 2 and the gluing The gripping jaws composed of rings 3 are input into the fiber-refining processing device 4, and the strands 1 after being collected and autoleveled by the fiber-refining processing device 4 are output from the front jaw composed of the front roller 5 and the front roller 6. Through guide hook 7, steel ring 8, steel traveler 9, be wound on the spinning bobbin 10.

The fiber straightening device 4 is composed of a fiber straightening device 11, a support shaft 12 and a support 13, the support shaft 12 is cylindrical, the support 13 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support shaft 12, and the fiber straightening device 11 is composed of a shaft sleeve 14 and a bundle Composed of plates 15, the cluster plate 15 is connected with the shaft sleeve 14 as a whole, the cluster plate 15 is provided with a cluster groove 16, the entrance of the cluster groove 16 is located below the shaft sleeve 14, and the connection line between the entrance and the exit of the cluster groove 16 is perpendicular to The axis of the shaft sleeve 14, the fiber trimmer 11 is movably fitted on both ends of the support shaft 12 through the shaft sleeve 14, and is located on both sides of the bracket 13. The ratio of the inner diameter of the shaft sleeve 14 to the diameter of the support shaft 12 is 1.2:1-4.0:1. The fiber device has the characteristics of free rotation in a small range up and down, left and right, and automatically adapts to the position and thickness of the strands. The strands 1 are input into the front drafting area through the middle roller 2 and the middle top roller 3, and enter the fiber processing device 4. The strands are slowly gathered by the gathering groove 16, and the width of the cross-section of the strands 1 gradually decreases, and the strands 1 The friction between the middle fibers has also been enhanced. The strands 1 after the horizontal bundle treatment are gently "touched" by the inner wall of the bundle groove 16 when they pass through the bundle groove 16. The hook fibers and smoothed fibers go through the cluster groove 16 and then directly enter the meshing line between the front top roller 5 and the front roller 6, while the fiber trimmer 11 has the characteristics of free rotation in a small range up and down, left and right, and the strands from the cluster groove 16 The grooves pass through, and the clustering plate 15 automatically adapts to the position and thickness of the strands. The pressure at the clustering groove 16 has a certain matching relationship with the thickness of the strands and the number of fibers. The pressure must be able to smooth the fibers, but not To deform the strands, when the strands are bent at weak joints, the front end will be held up by the rollers to prevent excessive deformation of the strands. It has a smoothing effect on the surface fibers of the beard, a strong effect on the pressure and smoothing of the thick part of the beard, but a weak effect on the pressure and smoothing of the thin part of the beard, so it can achieve the effect similar to autoleveling. The overall weight of the fiberizer 11 is between 20%-80% of the breaking strength of the spun yarn, depending on the need for hairiness control. The sliver 1 processed by the sizing treatment device 4 is output into the twisting triangular area through the front nip formed by the front top roller 5 and the front roller 6. In the twisting triangular area, due to the cross-sectional width of the sliver 1 When twisting, the twisting triangular area is reduced, and at the same time, the fibers in the output strands of the front jaws are straightened and arranged in parallel to move up the twisting point, which is conducive to improving the twisting efficiency and reducing spinning breakage rate, the structure of the yarn is more compact, which can effectively reduce the hairiness of the yarn and increase the strength of the yarn. Winding on the spun bobbin 10.

After using the method of the present invention on the cotton spinning frame, compared with the traditional bell mouth collector, the 3mm hairiness is reduced from the original 32.0 to 15.5, a reduction of 48.5%, and the evenness CV value is reduced from the original 11.2 to 10.9, an improvement of 0.3 , no change in strength.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is carried out the spinning method of whole fibre to yarn, it is characterized in that: on the spacing block of ring throstle front draft zone or on reel cage, install whole fine treating apparatus (4) additional, yarn (1) is by the gripping jaw whole fine treating apparatus of input (4) of lower cushion rubber (2) and the common composition of upper cushion rubber (3), through whole fine treating apparatus (4), gather and autoleveller yarn after treatment (1), after from front leather roller (5) and front roller (6) composition, jaw is exported, through twizzle (7), rings (8), steel traveler (9), be wound on ring bobbin (10).

2. a kind of spinning method that yarn is carried out to whole fibre according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described whole fine treating apparatus (4) is by whole fine device (11), back shaft (12) and support (13) composition, back shaft (12) is cylindric, support (13) is fixedly connected on back shaft (12) centre position, whole fine device (11) consists of axle sleeve (14) and bundling plate (15), bundling plate (15) is connected to entirety with axle sleeve (14), on bundling plate (15), have boundling groove (16), the import department of boundling groove (16) is positioned at the below of axle sleeve (14), the import of boundling groove (16) and the line of outlet are perpendicular to the axis of axle sleeve (14), axle sleeve (14) movable set is on back shaft (12) two ends, and be positioned at support (13) both sides, axle sleeve (14) internal diameter and back shaft (12) diameter are than being 1.2:1-4.0:1.

3. a kind of spinning method that must carry out to bar whole fibre according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bundling plate (15) adopts the one in sheet metal or potsherd or plastic sheet.

4. a kind of spinning method that yarn is carried out to whole fibre according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described in be arranged in whole fine treating apparatus (4) on spacing block or on reel cage the outlet of boundling groove (16) with the path of contact of front leather roller (5) and front roller (6) apart from being 0.1mm-5.0mm.

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