CN103743257A - Efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, which is designed and calculated according to formulas to obtain basic data, and the cooling tower is manufactured according to these basic data. The cooling tower includes a casing, a water turbine matched to the inside of the casing, a fan that is matched and connected to the water turbine, a cooling water outlet pipe, and a cooling water inlet pipe; the water turbine includes a foundation ring, a volute installed on the top of the foundation ring, and a The draft tube at the bottom of the ring, the top cover installed at the top of the volute, the rotating shaft pierced inside the volute, and the runner installed at one end of the rotating shaft. The design method of the invention is simple and reasonable, and the calculation is accurate. The cooling tower of the present invention has good energy and safety performance, generates kinetic energy through the impact of water flow on the runner, drives the fan to rotate, does not need to add an external power source, saves energy, is safe and reliable in use, and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cooling towers, in particular to a high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower. the

Background technique

At present, the main cooling method of cooling towers used in air-conditioning systems on the market is to use the motor as the power source to drive the fan to rotate, so that the air flows in reverse flow with the air-conditioning cooling water, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the air-conditioning cooling water. For the current increasingly tense energy situation, energy saving of air-conditioning systems has become a new means of competition, and the power consumption of cooling towers, which accounts for 20% to 30% of the energy consumption of the entire air-conditioning system, has first become a problem in people's eyes. Focus, how to make the cooling tower more energy-saving has become a new topic that people are eager to solve. Internationally and domestically, some people use mixed-flow or axial-flow runners to replace the original motor, so that the fan is changed from the original electric drive to hydraulic drive, which achieves the purpose of saving energy consumption, but as we all know, the mixed-flow runner has a higher water head (40-700 meters), but the blades are fixed, and the efficiency drops significantly when the load changes greatly; while the axial-flow propeller can adapt to the water head (3-50 meters) and load changes, and has a wide high-efficiency area, but cavitation The coefficient (ratio of dynamic vacuum to water head) is large, and the blade strength of the cantilever is limited, so the applied water head is low. the

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the problems of high energy consumption and environmental pollution of the existing cooling towers of the air conditioning system, and proposes a simple and reasonable design method that not only has good energy and safety performance, but also can significantly reduce High-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling towers that reduce power consumption, reduce noise, and have a wider range of applications. the

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The design method of above-mentioned high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, it may further comprise the steps:

(A) Calculate the unit energy difference between the water inlet of the turbine and the water outlet of the turbine, that is, the working water head H _r of the cooling tower. The calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the above formula (1), EA refers to the unit energy at the water inlet of the turbine; EB refers to the unit energy at the water outlet of the water turbine; ZA refers to the geometric height of the water inlet of the water turbine; ZB refers to the geometric height of the water outlet of the water turbine; The pressure at the water inlet; PB refers to the pressure at the water inlet of the turbine; the specific gravity of the water at the water inlet of the γA turbine; the specific gravity of the water at the water outlet of the γB water turbine; The average flow velocity of the water flow; αA refers to the non-uniform coefficient of flow velocity at the water inlet of the turbine; αA refers to the non-uniform coefficient of flow velocity of the water flow at the water turbine outlet; g refers to the acceleration of gravity;

(B) Calculate the runner diameter D1 according to the above step (A) and the preliminary design parameters of the cooling tower. The calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9.81</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="h\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="h\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the above formula (2), P refers to the rated output power of the runner; Q ₁ refers to the unit flow m ³ /s of the runner design rated working condition; η refers to the output efficiency of the runner, η=0.8-0.9;

(C) Calculate the volute inlet pipe diameter d1 according to the above step (A), and the calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3.14</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the above formula (4), Qr refers to the design cooling water volume of the cooling tower, and V1 refers to the water flow velocity at the inlet of the volute;

(D) Calculate the design cooling water quantity Qr of the cooling tower in the above formula (4), the calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r\&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;gH</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}}{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="b"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ctg\&beta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the above formula (5), r refers to the radius of the runner outlet; ω refers to the angular velocity of the runner; β refers to the installation angle of the runner blade; A refers to the flow area of the runner outlet; b ₀ refers to the height of the fixed guide vane.

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein, the calculation formula of the unit energy EA of the water flow at the water inlet of the water turbine is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

The calculation formula of the unit energy EA of the water flow at the water outlet is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

The calculation formula of the rated output power P of the runner is: P=9.81Q _r H _r η, where P refers to the power of the runner, Q _r refers to the design cooling water volume of the cooling tower, H _r refers to the working water head of the cooling tower, and η refers to the rotation Wheel output efficiency;

The calculation formula of the water velocity at the inlet of the volute is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

K _r =0.9～0.95;

In the above formula (3), K _r refers to the flow rate coefficient;

The calculation formula of the specific speed ns of the runner is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the above formula (6), ns=ω/2π, n=150-200 rpm. the

A high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower design method for a high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, including a casing, a water turbine matched to the inside of the casing, a fan that is matched and connected to the water turbine, a cooling water outlet pipe, and a cooling water inlet pipe; The water turbine includes a base ring, a volute installed at the top of the base ring, a draft tube installed at the bottom of the base ring, a top cover installed at the top of the volute, and a The inner rotating shaft and the runner installed on one end of the rotating shaft; the rotating wheel is a conical shell structure inclined from one end to the other end, which is matched and fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall Runner blades are evenly arranged at a certain angle along the circumference to form a space twisted surface; the runner blades also form an oblique angle with the rotating shaft and the flow direction of the water flow. the

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein: the volute is a volute composed of inward spiral pipes and the diameter of the pipe is gradually reduced in a helical structure, and its inner side is in the shape of an opening; the volute is located at the opening The inner side is also equipped with fixed guide vanes for diverting water flow. the

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein: the top cover is in an annular cylindrical structure, and a sealing device is installed between the inner wall of the bottom port and the rotating shaft. the

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein: the rotating shaft is a shaft structure, one end of which passes through the upper side of the top cover, and the other end passes through the lower side of the top cover; A first keyway is provided at the top end of the upper side of the top cover, and a second keyway is provided at the bottom end of the rotation axis through the lower side of the top cover; the fan is fixed with a positioning key through the first keyway on the top end of the rotating shaft; the rotating wheel is fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft through the second key slot and positioning key. the

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein: the water turbine also includes a bearing seat; the bearing seat is a tapered cylindrical structure, which is matched and sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft passing through the upper side of the top cover; The top port of the bearing seat is fixed with a bearing cover plate, and the bottom end is fixedly connected with the second flange; a bearing is installed between the inner wall of the top port of the bearing seat and the rotating shaft, and the bearing A bearing is also installed between the inner wall of the bottom port of the seat and the rotating shaft. the

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, wherein: one end of the cooling water inlet pipe extends into the inner side of the casing and is connected to the water inlet of the volute, and the other end extends out of the outer casing and is connected to an external water supply device ; The cooling water outlet pipe is horizontally arranged inside the upper end of the shell, and its middle part is connected with the draft pipe and conducted. the

Beneficial effect:

The design method of the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention is simple and reasonable, and the basic data are designed and calculated according to the formulas (1), (2), (4), and (5), and the cooling tower manufactured according to these basic data has good performance. With excellent energy and safety performance, the kinetic energy generated by the impact of the water flow on the runner drives the fan to rotate without adding an external power source, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. the

The structure design of the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention is simple and reasonable, wherein, the kinetic energy is generated by the impact of the water flow on the oblique flow runner, thereby driving the fan to rotate, without adding an external power source, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving; the runner and the fan are rotated by The shaft is connected, and there is a keyway at the connection with the rotating shaft, and the runner and fan are connected with the rotating shaft by positioning keys; there is no need to set a movable water guide mechanism at the water inlet of the volute, and the cooling water volume is determined by the cooling water pump flow rate; In the cooling fan, the oblique flow turbine is used to replace the motor. The runner is a conical shell structure inclined from one end to the other and adopts a low-speed design, so that the speed of the fan and the runner can be completely matched. There is no deceleration device between the fans, which reduces the wearing parts of the equipment and the maintenance rate of later equipment; the cooling water inlet pipe is directly connected to the volute water inlet, and the draft pipe is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe; when the cooling water is cooled by the external circulation The water pump is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe, so that it enters the runner, so that the runner rotates to drive the fan, and the energy of the original circulating water system is reused, which not only eliminates the power consumption of the original cooling fan, but also greatly reduces The vibration and noise of the rapid deceleration device of the fan motor reduce the pollution of the environment and are suitable for promotion and application

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the hydraulic turbine of efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the water turbine of the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention is mainly used in central air-conditioning systems, that is, it is used to cool the cooling water, and it is designed and calculated according to formulas (1), (2), (4), and (5) to obtain basic data; The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower produced by these basic data has good energy and safety performance; the kinetic energy generated by the impact of the water flow on the runner drives the fan to rotate without adding an external power source, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. the

The design method of efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention, the basic process of its calculation is as follows:

1. Calculate the unit energy difference between the inlet of the turbine and the outlet of the turbine

The unit energy of the water flow at the A-A section of the water turbine inlet (the section of the cooling water inlet pipe 4 in Figure 1) and the water outlet B-B section (the section of the cooling water inlet pipe 4 in Figure 1) are respectively:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="v\; A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">v</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="v\; A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">A</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; v\; B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; v\; B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}^{}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, EA refers to the unit energy at the water inlet of the turbine;

EB refers to the unit energy at the water outlet of the turbine;

ZA refers to the geometric height at the water inlet of the turbine;

ZB refers to the geometric height at the water outlet of the turbine;

PA refers to the pressure at the water inlet of the turbine;

PB refers to the pressure at the water inlet of the turbine;

γA The specific gravity of water at the water inlet of the turbine;

γB specific gravity of water at the outlet of the turbine;

νA refers to the average flow velocity of the water flow at the water inlet of the turbine;

νB refers to the average velocity of the water flow at the outlet of the turbine;

αA refers to the non-uniform coefficient of flow velocity at the water inlet of the turbine, αA=1;

αA refers to the non-uniform coefficient of flow velocity at the outlet of the turbine, αB=1;

g refers to the acceleration due to gravity;

The unit energy difference between the water inlet and water outlet of the turbine refers to the unit between the AA section (the section of the cooling water inlet pipe 4 in Figure 1) and the BB section (the section of the cooling water inlet pipe 4 in Figure 1) The energy difference, that is, the working water head H _r of the cooling tower, its calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="v\; A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">v</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="v\; A"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">A</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; v\; B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; v\; B"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}^{}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

2. According to the above step 1 and the preliminary design parameters of the cooling tower, calculate the rated output power P of the runner operation, and the calculation formula is: P=9.81Q _r H _r η;

In the formula, P refers to the output power in kilowatts;

Q ^r refers to the design cooling water volume m ³ /s of the cooling tower, Qr=0.14-1.4m ³ /s;

H _r refers to the cooling tower working water head m, H=8～20m;

η refers to the output efficiency of the runner, η=0.8-0.9. the

3. Calculate the runner diameter D1 according to the runner diameter formula:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9.81</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="h\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="h\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, P refers to the output power;

Q ₁ refers to the unit flow m ³ /s of the runner design rated working condition, Q ₁ =2m ³ /s;

H _r refers to the cooling tower working water head m, H _r =8 ~ 20m;

η refers to the output efficiency of the runner, η=0.8-0.9. the

4. Calculate the flow velocity V1 at the inlet of the volute:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

K _r =0.9-0.95

In the formula, K _r refers to the flow rate coefficient;

5. Determine the volute inlet pipe diameter d1:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3.14</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

6. Turbine flow regulation equation:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r\&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;gH</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}}{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="b"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ctg\&beta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000455224590000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, r refers to the radius of the runner outlet;

ω refers to the rotational angular velocity of the runner;

β refers to the installation angle of the runner blade;

A refers to the flow area of the outlet of the runner

b ₀ refers to the fixed guide vane height;

Among them, the blade installation angle is between 22°-32° at the inlet side, and 22°-31° at the water outlet side; the number of blades of the runner blades is 3-8 pieces. the

7. Calculate the specific speed of the runner:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, n=ω/2π, n=150-200 rpm. the

The orientation words "up", "down" and "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" involved in the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention are all consistent with the orientation of accompanying drawing 1 or 2 . the

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention is based on the design method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower, which includes a casing 1, a water turbine 2, a fan 3, a cooling water inlet pipe 4 and a cooling water outlet pipe 5. the

The shell 1 is roughly in the form of a pot-shaped shell structure, and the top end is provided with a vent 11 . the

The water turbine 2 is matched inside the housing 1 and includes a base ring 21 , a volute 22 , a fixed guide vane 23 , a top cover 24 , a rotating shaft 25 , a sealing device 26 , a runner 27 , a bearing seat 28 and a draft tube 29 . the

The basic ring 21 has a trumpet-shaped shell structure, and its top and bottom ends are both open; wherein, the bottom port of the basic ring 21 extends horizontally and uniformly outward to form a first flange 211, and the outer wall of the top port extends horizontally and uniformly outward to form a There are stepped surfaces. the

The volute 22 is a volute formed by an inward spiral pipe, and the diameter of the pipe is gradually reduced in a helical structure. Its inner side is in the shape of an opening, and the upper and lower outer walls of the opening are provided with stepped surfaces. Wherein, the volute The stepped surface of the lower outer wall of the opening of the shell 22 matches and engages with the stepped surface of the outer wall of the top port of the base ring 21 and is locked and fixed by a locking member, so that the volute 22 is matched and fixed on the top outer wall of the base ring 21 . the

The fixed guide vane 23 is installed on the inner side of the opening of the volute 25 to divert the water flow, so that the cooling water impacts the runner 26 evenly, so that the runner 26 is stressed more evenly. the

The top cover 24 has an annular cylindrical structure, and its top port extends horizontally and uniformly outward to form a second flange 241, and the bottom port first extends horizontally and uniformly outward and then extends upwardly in a curved manner. A stepped surface is provided on the inner side of the curved extending end, and the stepped surface of the curved extending end of the bottom port of the top cover 24 matches and engages with the stepped surface of the upper outer wall at the opening of the volute 22 and is locked and fixed by the locking piece , so that the top cover 24 is fixed on the upper outer wall of the opening of the volute 22 . the

The rotating shaft 25 has a shaft structure and is installed inside the top cover 24, that is, one end passes through the upper side of the top cover 24, and the other end passes out toward the lower side of the top cover 24; A first keyway 251 is defined at the top end that passes through, and a second keyway 252 is defined at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 25 that passes through to the lower side of the top cover 24 . the

The sealing device 26 is matched and installed between the inner wall of the bottom port of the top cover 24 and the rotating shaft 25 to prevent the cooling water in the volute 22 from leaking out. the

The runner 27 is a conical shell structure inclined from one end to the other end. It is fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft 25 through the second keyway 252 of the rotating shaft 25 and the positioning key, and the outer wall is inclined at a certain angle along the circumference. The runner blades 271 are evenly arranged in a spatially distorted surface, wherein the runner blades 271 also form an oblique angle with the rotating shaft 25 and the flow direction of the water flow. the

The bearing seat 28 is generally in the shape of a tapered cylindrical structure, and it is matched and sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 25 that passes through the upper side of the top cover 24; The end is connected and fixed with the second flange 241 of the top port of the top cover 24 through a locking piece; wherein, between the inner wall of the top port of the bearing seat 28 and the rotating shaft 25 and between the inner wall of the bottom port of the bearing seat 28 and the rotating shaft 25 Bearings 282 are all installed. the

The draft tube 29 is matched with the bottom end of the base ring 21, and its upper port extends horizontally and evenly outward to form a third flange 291, wherein the third flange 291 of the draft tube 29 is connected to the first flange 291 at the bottom end of the base ring 21. A flange 211 is connected and fixed by a locking member. the

The fan 3 is mounted on the top of the rotating shaft 24 , and is connected and fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 24 through the first keyway 251 on the top of the rotating shaft 25 and the positioning key. the

One end of the cooling water inlet pipe 4 extends into the inner side of the housing 1 and is connected to the water inlet of the volute 22 of the water turbine 2, and the other end extends out of the outer housing 1 and is connected to an external water supply device. the

The cooling water outlet pipe 5 is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the shell 1, and the middle part is connected and conducted with the draft pipe 29 of the water turbine 2. the

The working principle of the present invention:

The cooling water is sent to the cooling tower through the external air-conditioning cooling water pump, and the residual pressure of the water impacts the runner 27, and the rotation of the runner 27 drives the fan 3 to rotate, so that the air flow cools the cooling water sprayed from the cooling water outlet pipe 5. water, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the cooling water. the

The design method of the invention is simple and reasonable, and the calculation process is simple and accurate, and the cooling tower manufactured according to these basic data has good energy and safety performance. the

The structure design of the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower of the present invention is simple and reasonable. Its application in the air-conditioning system not only saves power consumption, but also greatly reduces the pollution of noise to the environment. Since the motor and the deceleration device are cancelled, the leakage of electricity is eliminated. It also makes the operating condition more stable, reduces the maintenance of the equipment, and is safe and reliable to use. the

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other form, and any modifications or equivalent changes made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention . the

Claims (8)

1. a design method of efficient hydrodynamic cooling tower, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps, (A) Calculate the unit energy difference between the water inlet of the turbine and the water outlet of the turbine, that is, the working water head H _r of the cooling tower. The calculation formula is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the above formula (1), EA refers to the unit energy at the water inlet of the turbine; EB refers to the unit energy at the water outlet of the turbine; ZA refers to the geometric height at the water inlet of the turbine; ZB refers to the geometric height at the water outlet of the turbine; PA refers to the pressure at the water inlet of the turbine; PB refers to the pressure at the water inlet of the turbine; γA The specific gravity of water at the water inlet of the turbine; The specific gravity of water at the water outlet of γB turbine; νA refers to the average velocity of the water flow at the water inlet of the turbine; νB refers to the average velocity of the water flow at the outlet of the turbine; αA refers to the non-uniform coefficient of flow velocity at the water inlet of the turbine; αA refers to the non-uniformity coefficient of flow velocity at the outlet of the turbine; g refers to the acceleration due to gravity; (B) Calculate the runner diameter D1 according to the above step (A) and the preliminary design parameters of the cooling tower. The calculation formula is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9.81</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the above formula (2), P refers to the rated output power of the runner; Q ₁ refers to the unit flow m ³ /s of the runner design rated working condition; η refers to the output efficiency of the runner, η=0.8-0.9; (C) Calculate the volute inlet pipe diameter d1 according to the above step (A), and the calculation formula is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3.14</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the above formula (4), Qr refers to the design cooling water volume of the cooling tower, and V1 refers to the water flow velocity at the inlet of the volute; (D) Calculate the design cooling water quantity Qr of the cooling tower in the above formula (4), the calculation formula is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r\&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;gH</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}}{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ctg\&beta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the above formula (5), r refers to the radius of the runner outlet; ω refers to the rotational angular velocity of the runner; β refers to the installation angle of the runner blade; A refers to the outlet flow area of the runner; b ₀ refers to the fixed guide vane height. 2. high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the computing formula of the unit energy EA of water flow at the water inlet place of described water turbine is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ The calculation formula of the unit energy EA of the water flow at the water outlet is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&gamma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ The calculation formula of the rated output power P of the runner is: P=9.81Q _r H _r η, where P refers to the power of the runner, Q _r refers to the design cooling water volume of the cooling tower, H _r refers to the working water head of the cooling tower, and η refers to the rotation Wheel output efficiency; The calculation formula of the water flow velocity at the inlet of the volute is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ K _r =0.9～0.95; In the above formula (3), K _r refers to the flow rate coefficient; The calculation formula of the specific speed ns of the runner is: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the above formula (6), ns=ω/2π, n=150-200 rpm. 3. A high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower based on the design method of the high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower described in any one of the above-mentioned claims 1 and 2, comprising a casing, matching a water turbine located on the inside of the casing, and a water turbine separately from the water turbine Matched and connected fans, cooling water outlet pipes and cooling water inlet pipes; the water turbine includes a base ring, a volute installed at the top of the base ring, a draft tube installed at the bottom of the base ring, and a draft tube installed at the bottom of the base ring. The top cover at the top of the volute, the rotating shaft passing through the inner side of the volute, and the runner installed at one end of the rotating shaft; it is characterized in that: the runner is a conical shape inclined from one end to the other A shell structure, which is matched and fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall is inclined at a certain angle along the circumference to evenly set runner blades in a spatially twisted surface; The runner blades also form an oblique angle with the rotating shaft and the flow direction of the water flow. 4. The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the volute is a volute composed of inward spiral pipes, and the pipe diameter gradually decreases in a helical structure, and its inner side is in the shape of an opening ; The volute is also equipped with fixed guide vanes for diverting water flow inside the opening. 5. The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top cover is in an annular cylindrical structure, and a sealing device is installed between the inner side wall of the bottom port and the rotating shaft. 6. The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the rotating shaft is a shaft structure, one end of which passes through the upper side of the top cover, and the other end passes through the lower side of the top cover out; A first keyway is provided at the top end of the rotation axis passing through the upper side of the top cover, and a second keyway is provided at the bottom end of the rotation axis passing through the lower side of the top cover; The fan is fixed on the top of the rotating shaft through the first keyway and a positioning key; The rotating wheel is fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft through the second key groove and positioning key. 7. The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the water turbine also includes a bearing seat; the bearing seat is in a conical cylindrical structure, which is matched and sleeved on the upper side of the top cover one end of the rotating shaft passing through; The top port of the bearing seat is fixed with a bearing cover plate, and the bottom end is fixedly connected with the second flange; A bearing is installed between the inner wall of the top port of the bearing seat and the rotating shaft, and a bearing is also installed between the inner wall of the bottom port of the bearing seat and the rotating shaft. 8. The high-efficiency hydrodynamic cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the cooling water inlet pipe extends into the inner side of the casing and is connected to the water inlet of the volute, and the other end extends out of the outside the shell and connected to the external water supply device; The cooling water outlet pipe is arranged horizontally inside the upper end of the casing, and its middle part is connected to and communicated with the draft pipe.

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