CN103731016A - Current equalizing circuit for power output and application thereof - Google Patents
Current equalizing circuit for power output and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103731016A CN103731016A CN201310699847.9A CN201310699847A CN103731016A CN 103731016 A CN103731016 A CN 103731016A CN 201310699847 A CN201310699847 A CN 201310699847A CN 103731016 A CN103731016 A CN 103731016A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current equalizing circuit for power output and application thereof. Circuits of all output power supplies which are connected in parallel at the input end of an input and output circuit are respectively connected with controllable power elements in series and then connected with the output end. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors of the controllable elements are connected to the circuits of all the output power supplies in series, and a diode is connected with the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors in parallel. A drive control circuit is in circuit connection with the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. According to the current equalizing circuit for the power output and the application of the current equalizing circuit for the power output, the output current equalizing degree is controllable, errors and drifting caused by factors such as the temperature can be eliminated, in addition, the output current equalizing degree is higher, service life is better prolonged, and reliability is better improved. Furthermore, when the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors are in a saturation conducting state or close to the saturation conducting state, the conducting pressure drop generated by the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors is much smaller than the conducting pressure drop Vf of the diode, so that the power consumption of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors is much smaller, and lowering of temperature rise and improving of efficiency are facilitated. The current equalizing circuit for power output and the application of the current equalizing circuit for the power output are suitable for the field of parallel connection output of power supplies which have mutually consistent electrical characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, relate in particular to the flow equalizing circuit in a kind of output circuit that is applied to the power supply with electrical characteristic consistent with each other.
Background technology
At present, there is the power supply of electrical characteristic consistent with each other, when its output is directly in parallel, because the output voltage of each power supply can not be in full accord, the power supply that output voltage is relatively high, can stablize output, but the power supply that output voltage is low, due to the cause of feedback loop, the voltage of output makes power supply output not set up higher than setting voltage, therefore this power supply can not be worked.So the power supply this with electrical characteristic consistent with each other is can not be directly in parallel, but need to increase some parallel current-equalizing circuits, is called for short flow equalizing circuit, and current equalizing method under prior art has following two kinds:
1. increase equal current feedback circuit;
2. load the simple current-sharing of diode.
But process is on-the-spot use for a long time, work people discovery, these two kinds of ways all have no small problem:
1. the weak point that increases equal current feedback circuit is: all current feedback circuit is comparatively complicated, this equal current feedback circuit is in the process of controlling run simultaneously, feedback signal must be turned back to former limit goes, so need to regulate the power control circuit on the former limit of power supply, therefore the speed of service is relatively slow;
2. there is the problem of excess loss in the simple current-sharing rule that loads diode, especially when output exists electric current larger, loss now will be clearly, the radiator that need to install certain size additional is dissipated the heat of generation, this is for efficiency, size and cost are all unfavorable, therefore load the simple current-equalizing method of diode, can only be used in little current applications, simultaneously, because the current-sharing effect of diode and power supply is non-adjustable, so when the temperature rise of power supply and diode increases, due to the non-linear and inconsistency of forward direction conduction voltage drop Vf and the electric power output voltage of diode, the equal mobility meeting variation of each power supply, affected the useful life of power supply.
In addition, can also adopt by the output voltage of each power supply of sampling, after being compared, each output voltage outputs to the pressure feedback port of corresponding power supply, make the voltage of corresponding power supply carry out certain adjustment as far as possible consistent, although the method better but very loaded down with trivial details, and need each relatively during debugging, cause making fun of efficiency extremely low, and because this control procedure relates to loop, cause reaction slower.
In sum, above-mentioned several ways that the power supply parallel connection to same model under prior art adopts or exist and control complicated problem, or have that heating loss is too large, power source life reduces, or very loaded down with trivial details, debugging trouble and the slower problem of reaction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the existing control complexity of power supply current equalizing method under prior art, heating loss is too large, the equal mobility contrast of each power supply, affect power supply useful life and very loaded down with trivial details, debugging trouble and the slower problem of reaction, the invention provides a kind of novel power supply output flow equalizing circuit and application thereof, through the circuit structure redesigning, make it obtain the equal mobility of output controlled, error and drift that the factors such as Yin Wendu are brought have been eliminated, export in addition equal mobility higher, be conducive to improve working life and reliability, power consumption is less simultaneously, be conducive to reduce heating rate and raise the efficiency.Concrete structure of the present invention is as described below:
Flow equalizing circuit and the application thereof for output of a kind of power supply, comprises imput output circuit, it is characterized in that:
On the circuit of each out-put supply of the input parallel connection of described imput output circuit, connect respectively after a controlled power element and be connected with output again;
According to a kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, it is characterized in that, described controlled power element comprises diode, metal-oxide half field effect transistor and Drive and Control Circuit, wherein metal-oxide half field effect transistor is connected on the circuit of each out-put supply, diode is in parallel with metal-oxide half field effect transistor, and Drive and Control Circuit is connected with metal-oxide half field effect transistor circuit.
Key point-metal-oxide half field effect transistor of the present invention (full name metal-oxide layer semiconductcor field effect transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, below all adopt abbreviation MOSFET), the effect that loads this MOSFET is, replace uncontrollable components and parts diode to carry out current-sharing, can realize control and adjusting to output current-sharing circuit.Because MOSFET is controlled power components and parts, it can be operated in linear zone, saturation region, cut-off region, is specially:
1. when its driving voltage is higher, MOSFET can be considered as the resistance that resistance is very little;
2. when its driving voltage is driving threshold voltage Vgs (th) to arrive between complete turning-on voltage value, the conduction impedance of MOSFET and driving voltage are certain proportionate relationship, and now MOSFET can be considered as variable resistor.
3., during due to circuit working, the pressure drop producing in the conducting resistance of MOSFET is the conduction voltage drop of diode much smaller than the forward voltage drop Vf(of diode), therefore electric current all flows through from MOSFET substantially.
The diode in parallel with MOSFET, its effect is to prevent electric current reverse-conducting, in design, the function that prevents electric current reverse-conducting of this diode in parallel with MOSFET also can be realized by the endoparasitic diode of MOSFET, but in order to prevent in the situation of large electric current, adopting extra diode in parallel is a kind of safe way.
And its effect of the Drive and Control Circuit being connected with MOSFET circuit is exactly for controlling and regulation output electric current, the driving voltage of the Drive and Control Circuit by controlling each MOSFET just can be controlled its conduction impedance Ron, the output voltage electric current of each power supply is equated, reach the effect of current balance, the now output of each power supply all equates, reaches current-sharing required precision and the effect of expection.
An application for flow equalizing circuit for power supply output, the power supply output flow equalizing circuit based on above-mentioned, its concrete application process is as follows:
1. confirm the current value I out of external demand;
2. this current value of single-chip microcomputer internal condition out-put supply quantity is divided equally, and this equal score value is outputed to each road as its current reference Io;
3. the base stage that is connected to MOSFET of the present invention of each out-put supply is driven, make it in saturation condition.Then detect the output of electric current minimum, be set to benchmark road, and the MOSFET on this benchmark road is set to saturation region all the time;
4. need shift to an earlier date Dui Ge road output voltage during the execution of above-mentioned steps 3 and carry out manual calibration;
5. the conduction impedance Ron that adjusts the MOSFET of the out-put supply on other several roads by adjusting Drive and Control Circuit, makes its output current equal the electric current on benchmark road;
When the electric current on 6.Dang Ge road is equal to the electric current on benchmark road, it is balanced that the current value on each road just can reach.
Use a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit and application thereof of the present invention to obtain following beneficial effect:
1. a kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, MOSFET has been substituted to original diode and increased corresponding Drive and Control Circuit, both in the time of diodes in parallel can being reached, be simple and easy to the advantage of use, can reduce the loss of power supply, reduce the use of radiator and circuit board plate face simultaneously;
2. a kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, utilize the parasitic diode characteristic of MOSFET can make each power supply can stablize output, when output current increases, can control the drive current of MOSFET, forward direction impedance is significantly reduced, reach the object reducing the wastage, also reach not affect simultaneously and all press and the effect of current-sharing;
3. a kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, it is controlled that it exports equal mobility, not only can eliminate error and drift that the factors such as Yin Wendu are brought, and it is higher to export equal mobility, be conducive to improve working life and reliability, in addition, when MOSFET is in saturation conduction or approach saturation conduction state, the conduction voltage drop of its generation is little more a lot of than the conduction voltage drop Vf of diode, therefore power consumption is also little a lot, is conducive to reduce temperature rise and raises the efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit of the present invention and application thereof;
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 2 is the current-sharing of a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit of the present invention and application thereof;
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit of the present invention and application thereof;
Fig. 4 is the output characteristics figure of a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit of the present invention and application thereof;
Fig. 5 is the conduction impedance figure of a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit of the present invention and application thereof.
In figure: 1-imput output circuit, 1a-input, 1b-out-put supply, 1c-output, 2-controlled power element, 2a-diode, 2b-metal-oxide half field effect transistor, 2c-Drive and Control Circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, a kind of power supply output of the present invention is further described with flow equalizing circuit and application thereof.
As shown in Figure 1, flow equalizing circuit and the application thereof for output of a kind of power supply, comprises imput output circuit 1, after the controlled power element 2 of connecting respectively, is connected with output 1c on the circuit of each out-put supply 1b of the input 1a of imput output circuit parallel connection again;
Controlled power element 2 comprises diode 2a, metal-oxide half field effect transistor 2b and Drive and Control Circuit 2c, wherein metal-oxide half field effect transistor 2b is connected on the circuit of each out-put supply 1a, diode 2a is in parallel with metal-oxide half field effect transistor, and Drive and Control Circuit 2c is connected with metal-oxide half field effect transistor circuit.
Embodiment
Metal-oxide half field effect transistor 2b(all adopts abbreviation MOSFET below), the effect that loads this MOSFET is, has replaced uncontrollable components and parts diode to carry out current-sharing, can realize control and adjusting to output current-sharing circuit.Because MOSFET is controlled power components and parts, it can be operated in linear zone, saturation region, cut-off region, is specially:
1. when its driving voltage is higher, MOSFET can be considered as the resistance that resistance is very little;
2. when its driving voltage is driving threshold voltage Vgs (th) to arrive between complete turning-on voltage value, the conduction impedance of MOSFET and driving voltage are certain proportionate relationship, and now MOSFET can be considered as variable resistor.
3. as shown in Figure 2, during due to circuit working, the pressure drop producing in the conducting resistance of MOSFET is the conduction voltage drop of diode much smaller than the forward voltage drop Vf(of diode), thus electric current substantially all from MOSFET, flow through, therefore Fig. 2 can be considered the equivalent circuit diagram of Fig. 1.
By Fig. 2, can be obtained:
Uout=Uo1–Io1*Ro1
Uout=Uo2–Io2*Ro2
Uout=Uo3–Io3*Ro3
……
Uout=Uox–Iox*Rox
Wherein, the output voltage of UoxWei Ge road power supply;
Iox is the corresponding output current of this power supply;
The equivalent resistance of the corresponding output mos FET of RoxWei Gai road power supply.
As shown in Figure 3, by voltage-current curve, can be drawn the isoeffect curve of the voltage and current of each road power supply.From Fig. 3, can obtain, in figure, each slope of a curve is the equiva lent impedance of MOSFET.By the driving voltage of controlling each MOSFET, can control its conduction impedance Ron, by certain current detecting and control method, can make each curve as upper figure, to cross to a bit by many curves, the output voltage electric current that is each power supply equates, reaches the effect of current balance.
That is, Io1=Io2=Io3
Iout=Io1+Io2+Io3……
Therefore the now output of each power supply all equates, reaches current-sharing required precision and the effect of expection.
The diode 2a in parallel with MOSFET, its effect is to prevent electric current reverse-conducting, in design, the function that prevents electric current reverse-conducting of this diode in parallel with MOSFET also can be realized by the endoparasitic diode of MOSFET, but in order to prevent in the situation of large electric current, adopting extra diode in parallel is a kind of safe way.
And its effect of the Drive and Control Circuit 2c being connected with MOSFET circuit is exactly for controlling and regulation output electric current, the driving voltage of the Drive and Control Circuit by controlling each MOSFET just can be controlled its conduction impedance Ron, the output voltage electric current of each power supply is equated, reach the effect of current balance, the now output of each power supply all equates, reaches current-sharing required precision and the effect of expection.
In the present embodiment, the output characteristic of MOSFET and conduction impedance figure as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, can find out, when driving voltage changes, the conduction impedance of MOSET also can change, and can change the impedance on power supply output line road by the driving of adjusting MOSFET thus.
A kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, the output current of its each power supply is input to the drive control signal that obtains MOSFET after comparing and control in control circuit or digital circuit by current sampling circuit.These circuit all can exist on charger power supply, and a kind of power supply output of the present invention is with flow equalizing circuit and apply its overall workflow (in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) as described below:
1. confirm the current value I out of external demand;
2. this current value of single-chip microcomputer internal condition out-put supply 1b quantity is divided equally, and this equal score value is outputed to each road as its current reference Io;
3. the base stage that is connected to MOSFET of the present invention of each out-put supply 1b is driven, make it in saturation condition.Then detect the output of electric current minimum, be set to benchmark road, and the MOSFET on this benchmark road is set to saturation region all the time;
4. need shift to an earlier date Dui Ge road output voltage during the execution of above-mentioned steps 3 and carry out manual calibration;
5. the conduction impedance Ron that adjusts the MOSFET of the out-put supply 1b on other several roads by adjusting Drive and Control Circuit 2c, makes its output current equal the electric current on benchmark road;
When the electric current on 6.Dang Ge road is equal to the electric current on benchmark road, it is balanced that the current value on each road just can reach.
A kind of power supply of the present invention flow equalizing circuit and application thereof for output, MOSFET has been substituted to original diode and increased corresponding Drive and Control Circuit, both in the time of diodes in parallel can being reached, be simple and easy to the advantage of use, can reduce the loss of power supply, reduce the use of radiator and circuit board plate face simultaneously; Utilize the parasitic diode characteristic of MOSFET can make each power supply can stablize output, when output current increases, can control the drive current of MOSFET, forward direction impedance is significantly reduced, reach the object reducing the wastage, also reach not affect simultaneously and all press and the effect of current-sharing; The present invention its to export equal mobility controlled, not only can eliminate error and drift that the factors such as Yin Wendu are brought, and it is higher to export equal mobility, be conducive to improve working life and reliability, in addition, when MOSFET is in saturation conduction or approach saturation conduction state, the conduction voltage drop of its generation is little more a lot of than the conduction voltage drop Vf of diode, therefore power consumption is also little a lot, is conducive to reduce temperature rise and raises the efficiency.The present invention is applicable to the parallel connection output field of the various power supplys with electrical characteristic consistent with each other.
Claims (3)
1. a power supply output flow equalizing circuit, comprises imput output circuit (1), it is characterized in that:
On the circuit of the input (1a) of described imput output circuit (1) each out-put supply (1b) in parallel, connect respectively after a controlled power element (2) and be connected with output (1c) again.
2. a kind of power supply output flow equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described controlled power element (2) comprises diode (2a), metal-oxide half field effect transistor (2b) and Drive and Control Circuit (2c), wherein metal-oxide half field effect transistor (2b) is connected on the circuit of each out-put supply (1a), diode (2a) is in parallel with metal-oxide half field effect transistor, and Drive and Control Circuit (2c) is connected with metal-oxide half field effect transistor circuit.
3. an application for flow equalizing circuit for power supply output, based on the claims 1 and power supply output flow equalizing circuit claimed in claim 2, its concrete application process is as follows:
1). confirm the current value I out of external demand;
2). this current value of single-chip microcomputer internal condition out-put supply (1b) quantity is divided equally, and this equal score value is outputed to each road as its current reference Io;
3). the base stage that is connected to metal-oxide half field effect transistor (2b) of each out-put supply (1b) is driven, make it in saturation condition.Then detect the output of electric current minimum, be set to benchmark road, and the metal-oxide half field effect transistor on this benchmark road is set to saturation region all the time;
4). during the execution of above-mentioned steps 3, need shift to an earlier date Dui Ge road output voltage and carry out manual calibration;
5). by adjusting Drive and Control Circuit (2c), adjust the conduction impedance Ron of the metal-oxide half field effect transistor (2b) of the out-put supply (1b) on other several roads, make its output current equal the electric current on benchmark road;
6). when the electric current on Dang Ge road is equal to the electric current on benchmark road, it is balanced that the current value on each road just can reach.
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| CN201310699847.9A CN103731016A (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2013-12-18 | Current equalizing circuit for power output and application thereof |
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| CN106233598A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-12-14 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Supply unit |
| CN111030497A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 山东大学 | Three-phase four-leg inverter parallel system, control method thereof and electric energy management equipment |
| CN111736683A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-02 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Server, circuit board and power supply system thereof |
| CN111949061A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-17 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive power supply structure and equipment for realizing cable current sharing |
| CN112105138A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-18 | 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 | Electronic component parallel current-sharing circuit, design method and PCB |
| CN112181037A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-05 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Multi-path power supply current equalizing circuit and control method |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |