CN103714239A - Method for computing lightning induced voltages of insulators of low-voltage lines when earth is struck by lightning - Google Patents
Method for computing lightning induced voltages of insulators of low-voltage lines when earth is struck by lightning Download PDFInfo
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- CN103714239A CN103714239A CN201310568019.1A CN201310568019A CN103714239A CN 103714239 A CN103714239 A CN 103714239A CN 201310568019 A CN201310568019 A CN 201310568019A CN 103714239 A CN103714239 A CN 103714239A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for computing lightning induced voltages of insulators of low-voltage lines when the earth is struck by lightning. The method for computing the voltages includes respectively computing lightning induced voltages of two ends of each insulator to acquire potential difference between two points of the insulator. The potential difference between the two points of each insulator is the lightning induced voltage born by the insulator. The potential difference between the two points of each insulator is computed by means of computing of surrounding space electromagnetic fields of lightning current channels, computing lightning induced voltages of overhead distribution lines, computing induced lightning voltages of towers and subtracting the computed induced lightning voltages of the towers from the computed lightning induced voltages of the overhead distribution lines so as to compute the lightning induced voltages and composite voltages of the insulators. The method has the advantages that the method is a complete theoretical method for computing the lightning induced voltages of the insulators of the low-voltage lines when the earth is struck by the lightning, accordingly, an existing gap in theoretical research is filled, a reference basis can be provided for selecting models of insulators of low-voltage distribution lines, and lightning protection levels of the lines can be improved.
Description
Technical field
Low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method while the present invention relates to a kind of thunderbolt the earth, belong to lightning Protection Design and the Insulator Selection field of low-voltage distributing line.
Background technology
Insulator plays an important role in built on stilts electric line, be used to support and fixed band electrical lead and make live wire or wire and the earth between have enough distances and insulation.Insulator one termination operation phase conductor, in addition one end extension bar tower.The total voltage that insulator bears is under normal circumstances substantially equal to the working voltage of phase conductor.Near thunderbolt shaft tower, during ground, powerful thunder and lightning transient electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) can produce induced voltage on electric line and metal shaft tower, thereby affects the voltage that insulator bears.For ultra-high-tension power transmission line, the withstand voltage that lightning induced voltage is compared insulator is little a lot, on insulator, can not cause obvious impact.But for the low-voltage distributing line of 35kV and following grade, the withstand voltage level of insulator is lower, when the polarity of lightning induced voltage and power frequency operation voltage is contrary, the voltage that insulator bears just likely surpasses
u 50%impulse sparkover voltage, causes insulation flashover or causes tripping operation.Lightning induced voltage causes the major accident of power failure or circuit breaking, brings significant impact to power supply reliability and the security of electric system, to resident living, brings very big inconvenience.
Prior art is for the existing more research of thunderbolt ground formed lightning induced voltage on overhead transmission line, but research in the past adopts frequency domain analysis more, thunder and lightning electromagnetic wave is considered as to uniform plane wave and acts on circuit.In fact, while only having circuit apart from lightning channel distance quite far away, could adopt uniform plane wave to solve.Obviously, the thunderbolt occurring in is nearby more strong to the coupling of circuit, therefore need to improve algorithm, solves near the space distribution of the non homogen field of lightning channel.While on the other hand, also having scholar to thunderbolt shaft tower, the lightning induced voltage of insulator has carried out theoretical calculating.But from current literature search, the analysis and calculation that while substantially also not relating to thunderbolt ground, insulator induction lightening is pressed.According to the low-voltage distributing line fault analysis statistics for below 35kV, because causing line flashover and insulation damages, thunder and lightning induction voltage accounted for sizable proportion, therefore lightning Protection Design and the Insulator Selection of low-voltage distributing line are intuitively important, and the problem for first needing to solve according to (computing method) of its design and type selecting.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of time domain computing method that insulator induction lightening is pressed during ground of being struck by lightning are provided, and be superimposed with the power frequency operation voltage of wire, the total voltage that assessment insulator bears, thereby for lightning Protection Design and the Insulator Selection of low-voltage distributing line provides reference frame, can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during a kind of thunderbolt the earth, during thunderbolt ground, Lightning Electromagnetic Fields is tower-coupled with the overhead distribution line and the Metallic rod that expose wherein, on distribution line and shaft tower, all can produce induced voltage, insulator one termination wire, one end extension bar tower in addition, these voltage computing method are to calculate respectively the lightning induced voltage at insulator two ends, obtain 2 potential difference (PD), be the lightning induced voltage that insulator bears; It obtains 2 potential difference (PD) and need pass through to calculate below: lightning current passage surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation, the calculating of overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage, shaft tower induction lightening are pressed calculating, deducts shaft tower induction lightening press calculating just can obtain insulator lightning induced voltage and close voltage and calculate by the calculating of overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage.
onstate thunderbolt the earth time low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method be,
thundercurrent channel surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation proposes to adopt the Maxwell governing equation of differential form, carries out the computing method of numerical solution in conjunction with Fdtd Method (FDTD);
Computation process is:
1) determine substrate lightning current function, determine lightning current counterattack model;
2) fight back lightning current and be considered as the antenna of placing perpendicular to ground, there is cylindrosymmetry, adopt two-dimensional columns coordinate series to write the Maxwell governing equation of differential form:
3) time and space are carried out to grid division, utilize central difference approximate representation differential, obtain the FDTD iterative equation of each electromagnetic field component:
According to Ampere circuit law, lightning current is fought back on passage
e z component format is as follows:
Active area:
Passive region:
4) improve Mur absorbing boundary condition, derive the FDTD iterative equation of boundary:
Edge
zdirection:
Edge
rdirection:
In formula:
for Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is in air or underground velocity of propagation.
beforestate thunderbolt the earth time low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method be,
overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage calculatesproposition, for Agrawal field-line coupled time domain model of leading transmission line, adopts any focus induced voltage at any time on FDTD Algorithm for Solving circuit more;
Computation process is:
1) according to wire type, overhead transmission line geometry, solve the equivalent electric parameter of three-phase circuit;
2) set up and lead transmission line Agrawal field-line coupled circuit model more, wherein Lightning Electromagnetic Fields embodies in order to spread voltage source form the work of circuit;
3) set up and to lead transmission line time domain telegraph equation containing distributed source more
4) distribution line top and end boundary condition are set, consider the voltage that electric field vertical component produces on line scan pickup coil side portion vertical conductor
5) adopt FDTD thought to carry out discretize processing to transmission line time domain telegraph equation, boundary condition, derive iterative equation.
6) solve the lightning induced voltage on distribution wire
。
beforestate thunderbolt the earth time low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method be,
shaft tower lightning induced voltage calculatesthunder and lightning electric field vertical component, along shaft tower integration to insulator position, can be obtained to shaft tower lightning induced voltage;
beforestate thunderbolt the earth time low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method be,
insulator lightning induced voltage and total voltage are calculatedafter trying to achieve the distribution wire lightning induced voltage and shaft tower lightning induced voltage of insulator position, get two-end-point potential difference (PD) and just can obtain insulator lightning induced voltage:
If the working voltage of phase conductor is
, the instantaneous voltage that closes bearing of insulator is:
Compared with the prior art, the present invention the present invention proposes complete theoretical method and calculates low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage while being struck by lightning the earth, made up the blank of existing theoretical research, the Insulator Selection that can be low-voltage distributing line provides reference frame, improves the lightning protection level of circuit.There is important academic research and engineering using value.
The numerical solution algorithm of proposition based on FDTD, can calculate the instantaneous lightning induced voltage in office of arbitrary target points order on distribution line, has that computational accuracy is high, speed is fast, quantifiable feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is calculation flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 leads transmission line Agrawal field-line coupled circuit illustraton of model for setting up more.
Embodiment
Embodiment, the present invention proposes complete theoretical method and calculates low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage while being struck by lightning the earth, has made up the blank of existing theoretical research.
During thunderbolt ground, Lightning Electromagnetic Fields is tower-coupled with the overhead distribution line and the Metallic rod that expose wherein, on distribution line and shaft tower, all can produce induced voltage.Insulator one termination wire, in addition one end extension bar tower.Calculate respectively the lightning induced voltage at insulator two ends, obtain 2 potential difference (PD), be the lightning induced voltage that insulator bears, calculation process as shown in Figure 1.
Wherein, theoretical modeling and numerical evaluation mainly comprise four parts: lightning current passage surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation, overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage are calculated, shaft tower induction lightening is pressed, insulator lightning induced voltage and close voltage and calculate.
1. lightning current passage surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation
In view of analytic target is the insulator that hangs on shaft tower place, need to obtain the Lightning Electromagnetic Fields intensity of shaft tower place ad-hoc location, and need to consider its time-varying characteristics, therefore propose to adopt the Maxwell governing equation of differential form, in conjunction with Fdtd Method (FDTD), carry out the computing method of numerical solution.
Concrete computation process is:
1) determine substrate lightning current function, determine lightning current counterattack model
2) fight back lightning current and can be considered the antenna of placing perpendicular to ground, there is cylindrosymmetry, can adopt two-dimensional columns coordinate series to write the Maxwell governing equation of differential form:
3) time and space are carried out to grid division, utilize central difference approximate representation differential, obtain the FDTD iterative equation of each electromagnetic field component:
According to Ampere circuit law, lightning current is fought back on passage
e z component format is as follows:
Active area:
Passive region:
4) improve Mur absorbing boundary condition, derive the FDTD iterative equation of boundary:
Edge
zdirection:
Edge
rdirection:
In formula:
for Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is in air or underground velocity of propagation.
Main technological improvement is to consider the impact of actual the earth on electromagnetic propagation, improves boundary condition setting, and the parameters such as the conductivity of air and the earth interface and specific inductive capacity are weighted to average treatment.
The feature of these computing method is to consider lightning current, lightning channel characteristic parameter, in the situation of large geoelectric parameter, and a direct solution impact point instantaneous Lightning Electromagnetic Fields component in office in time domain.
2. overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage calculates
Be exposed to the overhead distribution line in Lightning Electromagnetic Fields, by electromagnetic coupled, receive the energy of thunder and lightning, be converted into the superpotential on circuit.In addition,, for many guiding systems, between wire, also there is the effect of intercoupling.In order accurately to calculate the lightning induced voltage on three-phase AC line, propose for Agrawal field-line coupled time domain model of leading transmission line more, then adopt any focus induced voltage at any time on FDTD Algorithm for Solving circuit.
Concrete computation process is:
1) according to wire type, overhead transmission line geometry, solve the equivalent electric parameter of three-phase circuit
2) set up and lead transmission line Agrawal field-line coupled circuit model (shown in Fig. 2) more, wherein Lightning Electromagnetic Fields embodies in order to spread voltage source form the work of circuit
3) set up and to lead transmission line time domain telegraph equation containing distributed source more
4) distribution line top and end boundary condition are set, consider the voltage that electric field vertical component produces on line scan pickup coil side portion vertical conductor
5) adopt FDTD thought to carry out discretize processing to transmission line time domain telegraph equation, boundary condition, derive iterative equation.
6) solve the lightning induced voltage on distribution wire
The feature of these computing method be can be in time domain an arbitrary target points instantaneous lightning induced voltage in office on direct solution distribution line, and can analyze the impacts of factor on circuit lightning induced voltage such as wire type, circuit geometry, soil constituent.
3. shaft tower lightning induced voltage calculates
If shaft tower is formed or contained metal material by metal material, is exposed in Lightning Electromagnetic Fields and can produces induced voltage.Thunder and lightning electric field vertical component, along shaft tower integration to insulator position, can be obtained to shaft tower lightning induced voltage.
4. insulator lightning induced voltage and total voltage are calculated
After trying to achieve the distribution wire lightning induced voltage and shaft tower lightning induced voltage of insulator position, get two-end-point potential difference (PD) and just can obtain insulator lightning induced voltage:
If the working voltage of phase conductor is
, the instantaneous voltage that closes bearing of insulator is:
Claims (5)
1. thunderbolt low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during the earth, during thunderbolt ground, Lightning Electromagnetic Fields is tower-coupled with the overhead distribution line and the Metallic rod that expose wherein, on distribution line and shaft tower, all can produce induced voltage, insulator one termination wire, one end extension bar tower, is characterized in that: these voltage computing method are to calculate respectively the lightning induced voltage at insulator two ends in addition, obtain 2 potential difference (PD), be the lightning induced voltage that insulator bears; It obtains 2 potential difference (PD) and need pass through to calculate below: lightning current passage surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation, the calculating of overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage, shaft tower induction lightening are pressed calculating, deducts shaft tower induction lightening press calculating just can obtain insulator lightning induced voltage and close voltage and calculate by the calculating of overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage.
2. low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during thunderbolt the earth according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
thundercurrent channel surrounding space Electromagnetic Calculation proposes to adopt the Maxwell governing equation of differential form, carries out the computing method of numerical solution in conjunction with Fdtd Method (FDTD);
Computation process is:
1) determine substrate lightning current function, determine lightning current counterattack model;
2) fight back lightning current and be considered as the antenna of placing perpendicular to ground, there is cylindrosymmetry, adopt two-dimensional columns coordinate series to write the Maxwell governing equation of differential form:
3) time and space are carried out to grid division, utilize central difference approximate representation differential, obtain the FDTD iterative equation of each electromagnetic field component:
According to Ampere circuit law, lightning current is fought back on passage
e z component format is as follows:
Active area:
Passive region:
4) improve Mur absorbing boundary condition, derive the FDTD iterative equation of boundary:
Edge
zdirection:
Edge
rdirection:
In formula:
for Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is in air or underground velocity of propagation.
3. low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during thunderbolt the earth according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
overhead distribution line lightning induced voltage calculatesproposition, for Agrawal field-line coupled time domain model of leading transmission line, adopts any focus induced voltage at any time on FDTD Algorithm for Solving circuit more;
Computation process is:
1) according to wire type, overhead transmission line geometry, solve the equivalent electric parameter of three-phase circuit;
2) set up and lead transmission line Agrawal field-line coupled circuit model more, wherein Lightning Electromagnetic Fields embodies in order to spread voltage source form the work of circuit;
3) set up and to lead transmission line time domain telegraph equation containing distributed source more
4) distribution line top and end boundary condition are set, consider the voltage that electric field vertical component produces on line scan pickup coil side portion vertical conductor
5) adopt FDTD thought to carry out discretize processing to transmission line time domain telegraph equation, boundary condition, derive iterative equation.
6) solve the lightning induced voltage on distribution wire
4. low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during thunderbolt the earth according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
shaft tower lightning induced voltage calculatesthunder and lightning electric field vertical component, along shaft tower integration to insulator position, can be obtained to shaft tower lightning induced voltage;
5. low-voltage circuit insulator lightning induced voltage computing method during thunderbolt the earth according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
insulator lightning induced voltage and total voltage are calculatedafter trying to achieve the distribution wire lightning induced voltage and shaft tower lightning induced voltage of insulator position, get two-end-point potential difference (PD) and just can obtain insulator lightning induced voltage:
If the working voltage of phase conductor is
, the instantaneous voltage that closes bearing of insulator is:
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104850738A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆大学 | Method for calculating lightning induction voltage of overhead power line tower |
| CN106155980A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 国家电网公司 | Overhead transmission line field wire coupling modeling method based on inhomogeneous excitation electric field |
| CN108205076A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-26 | 苏宇宁 | Lightning protection potential difference test method |
| CN110221180A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-10 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of identification of 10kV distribution line lightning fault and localization method |
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| CN113255976A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | Grounding optimization design method for distribution line erection overhead ground wire |
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| CN113420399A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-21 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Insulating joint lightning induction voltage calculation method, device, equipment and medium |
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| CN106155980A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 国家电网公司 | Overhead transmission line field wire coupling modeling method based on inhomogeneous excitation electric field |
| CN106155980B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2019-03-22 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Overhead transmission line field wire coupling modeling method based on inhomogeneous excitation electric field |
| CN104850738B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-04-20 | 重庆大学 | Lightning induced voltage computational methods at overhead power transmission line line pole tower |
| CN104850738A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆大学 | Method for calculating lightning induction voltage of overhead power line tower |
| CN108205076A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-26 | 苏宇宁 | Lightning protection potential difference test method |
| CN110221180B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-07-06 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | 10kV distribution line lightning stroke fault recognition and positioning method |
| CN110221180A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-10 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of identification of 10kV distribution line lightning fault and localization method |
| CN112036005A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Method and device for calculating lightning induction voltage |
| CN113255976A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | Grounding optimization design method for distribution line erection overhead ground wire |
| CN113255975A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | Spatial position optimization method for distribution line erection overhead ground wire |
| CN113255976B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-01-24 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | Grounding optimization design method for distribution line erection overhead ground wire |
| CN113255975B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-10-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司丽江供电局 | Space position optimization method for overhead ground wire erected on distribution line |
| CN113420399A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-21 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Insulating joint lightning induction voltage calculation method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN113420399B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-09-09 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Insulating joint lightning induction voltage calculation method, device, equipment and medium |
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Address after: 550001 Jiefang Road, Nanming, Guizhou, No. 32, Patentee after: ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GUIZHOU POWER GRID CO., LTD. Address before: 550002 Jiefang Road, Guizhou, No. 251, Patentee before: Guizhou Power Test Institute |