A kind of multimode spectroscopic analysis system that is applicable to the detection of digestive tract pathological changes
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medical instruments, particularly a kind of multimode spectroscopic analysis system that is applicable to the detection of digestive tract pathological changes.
Background technology
The < < world tumor report > > of IARC (IARC) issue in 2008 points out, within 2010, tumor will surmount cardiovascular diseases, become the mankind's No.1 killer, the year two thousand thirty, the whole world tumor neopathy number of cases and death toll will be 2 times in 2007, report and also point out simultaneously, developing country has become " fresh combatants " that tumor cases increases.In China, malignant tumor becomes the primary cause of the death of China urban and rural residents already, and mortality of malignant tumors belongs to world's higher level, and is lasting growth trend.Wherein, digestive tract tumor accounts for 50% left and right of malignant tumor, and common malignant tumor of digestive tract has the esophageal carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer etc.Generally speaking, if digestive tract tumor can examine out and be treated in any one stage of precancerous lesion, cure rate is very high.Yet up to the present the early diagnosis of digestive tract tumor is also quite difficult.Therefore development diagnosis new technique is Key Scientific And Technical Problems in the urgent need to address in social development and medical advance.
As everyone knows, digestive tract precancerous lesion mainly originates from mucosa.Mucosa is mainly comprised of epithelial cell, substrate and blood vessel.When mucosa canceration, also can there is corresponding variation in these compositions, as the variation of the degraded of the variation of cell metabolism, substrate and blood oxygen.In addition, these change the variation that is mainly reflected in mucosa biochemical component.Therefore, can realize the extraction of the information such as these biochemical component variations and quantification are had to great value to the early diagnosis of digestive tract tumor.Yet clinical detection technique all cannot realize the extraction of these information and quantification at present.
In recent years, spectral technique owing to thering is noinvasive, the advantage such as simple, quick, efficient has obtained applying more and more widely in biomedicine.Nonlinear optical spectral technology particularly, it is to utilize femtosecond laser and the linear optics effect of organizing inherent interaction between component to occur, can effectively monitor the situation of change of cell metabolism and matrix components.In addition, due at visible light wave range, containing oxygen and deoxyhemoglobin, have distinct absorption line, hematochrome is also topmost absorption source in mucosa simultaneously, so visible reflectance spectrum can provide a kind of accurate quantization method for mucous membrane surface blood oxygen situation.
Therefore, develop a kind of multimode spectroscopic analysis system combining with visible reflectance spectrum technology based on nonlinear optical spectral technology, can provide new technique for realizing extraction and the quantification of the information such as variation of mucosa biochemical component, the early diagnosis of digestive tract tumor is had great importance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multimode spectroscopic analysis system that digestive tract pathological changes detects that is applicable to, this system design is reasonable, simple in structure, is conducive to digestive tract epithelial lesion relevant information to detect, and result of use is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of multimode spectroscopic analysis system that is applicable to the detection of digestive tract pathological changes, comprises light source, the first photoswitch, the second photoswitch, endoscope probe, imageing sensor, spectrogrph, femto-second laser, femtosecond laser attenuator, computer control processing unit, the incident illumination that described light source sends arrives described the first photoswitch by one first optical fiber input, by described the first photoswitch, incident illumination is inputted in described endoscope probe, thereby arrive digestive tract epithelium, the reflected light signal producing is exported from described endoscope probe, by one second optical fiber input, arrive described the second photoswitch, then by described the second photoswitch, the reflected light signal described imageing sensor that leads is surveyed, described imageing sensor is inputted described computer control processing unit by the signal detecting, obtain White-light image, to determine digestive tract epithelial lesion position, behind definite digestive tract epithelial lesion position, by regulating and controlling described the second photoswitch, the reflected light signal described spectrogrph that leads is surveyed, described spectrogrph is inputted described computer control processing unit by the signal detecting, obtain visible reflectance spectrum, thereby realize the measurement of visible reflectance spectrum, after realizing visible reflectance spectrum measurement, the femtosecond laser that described femto-second laser sends carries out power attenuation through described femtosecond laser attenuator, then by one the 3rd optical fiber input, arrive described the first photoswitch, by regulating and controlling described the first photoswitch, femtosecond laser is inputted in described endoscope probe, thereby arrive digestive tract epithelial lesion position, the non-linearity luminous signs producing is exported from described endoscope probe, by described the second optical fiber input, arrive described the second photoswitch, then by described the second photoswitch, the non-linearity luminous signs described spectrogrph that leads is surveyed, described spectrogrph is inputted described computer control processing unit by the signal detecting, obtain non-linear spectral, thereby realize the measurement of non-linear spectral.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described endoscope probe is comprised of two optical fiber, a miniscanning device and a microcobjective.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described the first photoswitch is by making light path interrupt or continue in transmitting procedure, and the optical signal that makes to input in described endoscope probe switches between described incident illumination and described femtosecond laser; Described the second photoswitch, by making light path interrupt or continue in transmitting procedure, switches the optical signal of output between described reflected light signal and described non-linearity luminous signs.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described light source is xenon source, and described xenon source is not only as determining the light source of digestive tract epithelial lesion position but also the light source that visible reflectance spectrum is measured in conduct.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described femto-second laser is titanium gem locked mode femto-second laser, and frequency reaches 84 MHz, and ultrashort pulse is 20 fs, and wave-length coverage is 600-1200 nm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described femtosecond laser attenuator is comprised of two wideband polarization devices, regulates the energy size of femto-second laser output according to the angle of rotatory polarization state, and does not change other parameters of femto-second laser.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described spectrogrph is comprised of two dispersing prisms and an enhancement mode CCD, and spectral resolution reaches 2.7 nm, and the wave-length coverage of detection is 350-750 nm.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is: xenon source is that the light source of determining pathological changes digestive tract epithelium position is measured again the light source of visible reflectance spectrum; Photoswitch can make light path interrupt or continue in transmitting procedure, thereby can realize the switching of light path; The multimode spectroscopic analysis system combining with visible reflectance spectrum technology based on nonlinear optical spectral technology, can realize extraction and the quantification of the information such as mucosa biochemical component variation; This system provides new method and new technique for realizing digestive tract diagnosing precancerous disease, significant to the M & M of reduction digestive tract tumor.The present invention is reasonable in design, is skillfully constructed, and has vast potential for future development and larger dissemination.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: xenon source is not only as determining the light source of digestive tract epithelial lesion position but also as the light source of measuring visible reflectance spectrum, carrying out the switching of optical signal by photoswitch, reasonable in design, is skillfully constructed, simple in structure.Simultaneously, this system combines nonlinear optical spectral technology with visible reflectance spectrum technology, can realize extraction and the quantification of the information such as alimentary canal mucous membrane biochemical component variation, for realizing digestive tract diagnosing precancerous disease, new method and new technique are provided, M & M to reduction digestive tract tumor is significant, has vast potential for future development and larger dissemination.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the System Construction schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is applicable to the multimode spectroscopic analysis system that digestive tract pathological changes detects, and comprises light source 1, the first photoswitch 3, the second photoswitch 6, endoscope probe 4, CCD image sensor 7, spectrogrph 8, femto-second laser 9, femtosecond laser attenuator 10, computer control processing unit 12.
The incident illumination that described light source 1 sends incides described the first photoswitch 3 by one first optical fiber 2, by described the first photoswitch 3, incident illumination is inputted in described endoscope probe 4, thereby arrive digestive tract epithelium, the reflected light signal producing is from described endoscope probe 4 outputs, by one second optical fiber 5, incide described the second photoswitch 6, then by described the second photoswitch 6, the reflected light signal described imageing sensor 7 that leads is surveyed, described imageing sensor 7 is inputted described computer control processing unit 12 by the signal detecting, obtain White-light image, to determine digestive tract epithelial lesion position.
Behind definite digestive tract epithelial lesion position, by regulating and controlling described the second photoswitch 6, the reflected light signal described spectrogrph 8 that leads is surveyed, described spectrogrph 8 is inputted described computer control processing unit 12 by the signal detecting, obtain visible reflectance spectrum, thereby realize the measurement of visible reflectance spectrum.
After realizing visible reflectance spectrum measurement, the near-infrared ultrashort pulse light that described femto-second laser 9 sends carries out power attenuation through described femtosecond laser attenuator 10, then by one the 3rd optical fiber 11, incide described the first photoswitch 3, by regulating and controlling described the first photoswitch 3, femtosecond laser is inputted in described endoscope probe 4, thereby arrive digestive tract epithelial lesion position, the non-linearity luminous signs producing is from described endoscope probe 4 outputs, by described the second optical fiber 5, incide described the second photoswitch 6, then by described the second photoswitch 6, the non-linearity luminous signs described spectrogrph 8 that leads is surveyed, described spectrogrph 8 is inputted described computer control processing unit 12 by the signal detecting, obtain non-linear spectral, thereby realize the measurement of non-linear spectral.
In the present embodiment, described endoscope probe 4 is comprised of two optical fiber, a miniscanning device and a microcobjective.The incident illumination that described light source 1 sends incides after described endoscope probe 4, by an optical fiber input in described endoscope probe 4, arrives digestive tract epithelium, and the reflected light signal producing is directly collected by the second optical fiber 5; The femtosecond laser that described femto-second laser 9 sends incides after described endoscope probe 4, by another root optical fiber in described endoscope probe 4, miniscanning device and microcobjective incident, arrive digestive tract epithelium, the non-linearity luminous signs producing is by collecting with a microcobjective second optical fiber 5 that leads again.Described the first photoswitch 3 is by making light path interrupt or continue in transmitting procedure, and the optical signal that makes to input in described endoscope probe 4 switches between described incident illumination and described femtosecond laser; Described the second photoswitch 6, by making light path interrupt or continue in transmitting procedure, switches the optical signal of output between described reflected light signal and described non-linearity luminous signs.
In the present embodiment, described light source 1 is xenon source, and described xenon source is not only as determining the light source of digestive tract epithelial lesion position but also the light source that visible reflectance spectrum is measured in conduct.Described femto-second laser 9 is titanium gem locked mode femto-second laser, and described titanium gem locked mode femto-second laser is the ultrashort pulse laser of a high repetition frequency, and frequency reaches 84 MHz, and ultrashort pulse is 20 fs, and wave-length coverage is 600-1200 nm.Described femtosecond laser attenuator 10 is comprised of two high-quality wideband polarization devices, regulates the energy size of femto-second laser output according to the angle of rotatory polarization state, and does not change other parameters of femto-second laser.Described imageing sensor 7 is highly sensitive CCD.Described spectrogrph 8 is comprised of two dispersing prisms and an enhancement mode CCD, and spectral resolution reaches 2.7 nm, and the wave-length coverage of detection is 350-750 nm.
The present invention provides new method and new technique for digestive tract diagnosing precancerous disease, significant to reducing the M & M of digestive tract tumor.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present invention, all changes of doing according to technical solution of the present invention, when the function producing does not exceed the scope of technical solution of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.