CN103704533B - Fish meal nutrition prescription, using method, application and the feed containing this nutrition prescription - Google Patents
Fish meal nutrition prescription, using method, application and the feed containing this nutrition prescription Download PDFInfo
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- CN103704533B CN103704533B CN201410003050.5A CN201410003050A CN103704533B CN 103704533 B CN103704533 B CN 103704533B CN 201410003050 A CN201410003050 A CN 201410003050A CN 103704533 B CN103704533 B CN 103704533B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fish feed additive, using method, application and the feed containing this additive.Does described fish feed additive comprise the component of following weight portion: arginine 1.27-2.19 part, isoleucine 0.95-1.69 part, vitamin K? 0.3-0.75 part, folic acid 0.05-0.2 part.The present invention is by adding the feed addictive of described scope; promote that fish immune organ grows; improve specificity and non-specific immune function; thus strengthen the ability of the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila of fish; improve immune protective rate, reduce infectious age, and the material do not contained in this additive fish body toxic side effect and antibiotic substance; pollution-free, have no drug resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fish-water Fish Farming field, be specifically related to the feed addictive of a kind of freshwater fish, using method, application and the feed containing this additive.
Background technology
Fishery-ies product has higher nutritive value, and to improving diet structure, human health level is extremely important in raising.Along with health perception strengthens day by day, consumer to the consumption demand amount of fishery-ies product and quality requirements more and more higher.Carp, grass carp etc. are the main cultured freshwater fish of China, account for the 33-40% of fish culture total output.But in recent years, along with cultivation density improves constantly, the reasons such as breeding environment pollution, cause the various fish disease incidence of disease sharply to raise, wherein bacterial septicemia is one of serious plant disease of carp.
Aeromonas hydrophila is the Main Pathogenic Bacteria of the popular septicemia of carp.This bacterium extensively distributes in fresh water, mud, soil and human feces, is a kind of typical human-beast-fish ill cause of disease altogether.All have pathogenic to aquatic livestock, livestock and poultry and the mankind, septicemia and mankind's diarrhoea of multiple freshwater fish can be caused.ASSOCIATE STATISTICS shows: this bacterium is to fresh-water fishes infection rate up to more than 90%, and the death rate, up to more than 65%, causes the economic loss of freshwater aquiculture up to tens billion of unit every year.Visible, effective prevention and control infected by Aeromonas hydrophila is to ensureing that the sound development of carp culture industry is of crucial importance.
At present, in production, the fish disease of infected by Aeromonas hydrophila prevented and treated by main antibiotic and disinfectant, because its Long-Time Service result in serious consequence: (1) abuse of antibiotics causes the germ resistance to the action of a drug to strengthen, and makes fish disease treat difficulty all the more; (2) disinfectant toxic and side effect is large, and local excitation is strong, carcinogenic, causes fish stress be serious; (3) destroy breeding water body, contaminant water environment, reduce fish body immunity; (4) medicament residue increases, and Safety of Aquatic Products causes anxiety, Quality Down, and harm humans is healthy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one effectively can improve anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila ability, and has no side effect, pollution-free, the fish feed additive had no drug resistance and the feed containing this additive.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of using method and application of above-mentioned additive.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem provides a kind of fish feed additive, comprises the component of following weight portion: arginine 1.27-2.19 part, isoleucine 0.95-1.69 part, vitamin K 0.3-0.75 part, folic acid 0.05-0.2 part.
A kind of fish feed additive, is made up of the component of following weight portion: arginine 1.27-2.19 part, isoleucine 0.95-1.69 part, vitamin K 0.3-0.75 part, folic acid 0.05-0.2 part.
Preferably, in described fish feed additive, the weight portion of each component is: arginine 1.32-2.14 part, isoleucine 1.01-1.63 part, vitamin K 0.35-0.68 part, folic acid 0.1-0.16 part.
Wherein, described arginine can promote growing of the immune organs such as the spleen of fish and head-kidney, improve quantity of leucocyte, strengthen leukocytes phagocytic ability, promote the characteristic antibody IgM synthesis of fish, to strengthen the specificity of fish and non-specific immunity and disease resistance, ensure that fish body is healthy, reduce the incidence of disease and dosage.
Wherein, described isoleucine can promote that the head-kidney of fish grows, strengthen head-kidney oxidation resistance, improve quantity of leucocyte, strengthen leukocytes phagocytic ability, promote the antibody IgM synthesis of the anti-Aeromonas hydrophila of fish, to improve congenital immunity ability and acquired immunity ability, ensure that fish body is healthy, reduce the incidence of disease and dosage.
Wherein, described vitamin K is the important factor ensureing the quick aggegation of blood, and the quick aggegation of blood is extremely important for the fish lived in water.Vitamin K can improve enzymatic and the non-enzymatic oxidation resistance of fish immune organ simultaneously, ensures that head-kidney and Splenic structure integrality and function are normal.Improve quantity of leucocyte and phagocytic activity, to strengthen the ability of immunity of organisms and opposing courses of infection, ensure that fish body is healthy, reduce the incidence of disease and dosage.
Wherein, described folic acid is the required water soluble vitamin of fish, participates in one carbon unit transfer with the form of tetrahydrofolic acid, participates in protein, the synthesis of nucleic acid and amino acid metabolism.Suitable folic acid improves the head-kidney of fish and the oxidation resistance of spleen, promotes that head-kidney and spleen grow, and improves quantity of leucocyte, strengthens leukocytes phagocytic ability, to strengthen the ability of fish body opposing courses of infection, reduces the incidence of disease and dosage.
The applicant finds through many experiments, the feed addictive of scope of the present invention can improve the oxidation resistance of fish immune organ head-kidney and spleen, promote that head-kidney and spleen grow, improve quantity of leucocyte, strengthen leukocytes phagocytic ability, to improve specificity and non-specific immunity, improve the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila ability of carp, ensure that fish body is healthy, reduce the incidence of disease and dosage.
Feed addictive of the present invention can reduce the death rate more than 28% of fish, improves immune protective rate more than 43%, improves head-kidney body index more than 21%; Improve spleen body index more than 27%; Improve serum IgM content more than 22.5%; Improve quantity of leucocyte more than 24%; Improve leukocytes phagocytic rate more than 31%.
A using method for described fish feed additive, comprises the steps:
Described fish feed additive is joined in basal feed.
Wherein, the weight ratio of described fish feed additive and basal feed is 1:49-1:24.
Fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive are applicable to the cyprinid fish of freshwater aquiculture, are particularly useful for carp, grass carp.
A kind of feed containing described fish feed additive.
Wherein, in the feed of described 100 weight portions, the fish feed additive containing 2-4%.
In sum; the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by adding the feed addictive of scope of the present invention; promote that fish immune organ grows; improve specificity and non-specific immune function, thus strengthen the ability of the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila of fish, improve immune protective rate; reduce infectious age; and the material do not contained in this additive fish body toxic side effect and antibiotic substance, pollution-free, have no drug resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cylindricality contrast figure adding and do not add the death rate and immune protective rate after carp infected by Aeromonas hydrophila in group;
Fig. 2 is the cylindricality contrast figure adding and do not add carp head-kidney and spleen body index in group;
In figure, A is not for add group; B is interpolation group.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, to the detailed description further of the present invention's do, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Get arginine 1.8 weight portion, isoleucine 1.2 weight portion, vitamin K 0.48 weight portion, folic acid 0.12 weight portion, obtained feed addictive Q1 after mixing.
In order to verify effect of the present invention, feed addictive of the present invention be applied in Sichuan, Chongqing, 6 plants in Guangxi carp upper (body weight is at about 6g) test.Carp is divided into interpolation group and does not add group two groups, the daily ration of interpolation group adds above-mentioned feed addictive Q1 according to 1% of fish meal gross weight; The daily ration not adding group is the fish meal of the identical weight of not adding additive Q1; Two groups of fishes are thrown something and fed 6 times every day, and day feeding rate 5-6%, carries out infection experiment after feeding 53 days.Add and do not add group and all inject Aeromonas hydrophila, often organizing 3 repetition, each repetition 40 tail fish, Continuous Observation 7 days, statistics interpolation group and do not add the death rate of group, mensuration related immune index, records and is depicted as relevant column diagram.
The test fish infecting Aeromonas hydrophila in above-mentioned test there will be typical hueppe's disease symptom: body colour blackout, abdominal distention, abdominal cavity amass faint yellow or red ascites, orbital hemorrhage, the congested redness of enteron aisle.As can be seen from the interpolation group shown in table 1 and Fig. 1 and the infectious age not adding carp in group and immune protective rate: interpolation group carp is not added the group carp death rate and reduces by 28%, and immune protective rate improves 43%.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive all can significantly improve the ability of the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila of carp, significantly reduce the death rate after carp infection Aeromonas hydrophila.
Table 1
| Do not add group | Interpolation group | |
| Carp quantity (tail) | 720 | 720 |
| Infect dead carp quantity (tail) | 432 | 309 |
| Infectious age (%) | 60 | 43 |
| Immune protective rate (%) | 40 | 57 |
Immune organ is immunocyte generation, propagation, differentiation, ripe place, and it is the normal important guarantee of Fish Immunity that its normal growth is grown.And head-kidney and the spleen immune organ that to be fish important.Get the fish of institute's number of columns in table 2, test interpolation group and do not add carp head-kidney body exponential sum spleen body index in group and calculate its mean value being recorded in table 2.As can be seen from table 2 and Fig. 2: interpolation group carp does not add the group head-kidney body index of carp and spleen body index is all significantly increased.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive all effectively promote head-kidney and spleen growth, strengthen carp immunologic function.
Table 2
| Do not add group | Interpolation group | |
| Sampling fish quantity (tail) | 720 | 720 |
| Head-kidney body index (%) | 0.18 | 0.22 |
| Spleen body index (%) | 0.15 | 0.19 |
Immunoglobulin IgM is the principal immune molecule of fish specific humoral immune response, is the important mark of body specific immune function.Test metainfective interpolation group and do not add the Immunoglobulins in Serum of carp of group, the serum IgM content average out to 98mg/L of the every tail carp of interpolation group, does not add the serum IgM content average out to 80mg/L organizing every tail carp.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive all can significantly improve carp immune globulin IgM content, strengthen its specific immune function.
Leucocyte can be engulfed and kill pathogen, and quantity of leucocyte and phagocytic activity are the phylactic important parameters of fish nospecific immunity.Get the fish of institute's number of columns in table 3, test interpolation group and do not add carp quantity of leucocyte and phagocytic rate in group and calculate its mean value and be recorded in table 3, can find out: interpolation group does not add group quantity of leucocyte and leukocytes phagocytic rate is all significantly improved.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive all can significantly improve carp quantity of leucocyte and leukocytes phagocytic rate, strengthen phagocytic activity of leukocytes, improve carp non-specific immunity.
Table 3
| Do not add group | Interpolation group | |
| Sampling fish quantity (tail) | 720 | 720 |
| Quantity of leucocyte (10 12/L） | 2.70 | 4.57 |
| Leukocytes phagocytic rate (%) | 33 | 45 |
In sum; fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed containing this additive all can promote that fish immunity organ growth is grown; improve specificity and non-specific immunity; thus strengthen the ability of the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila of fish; improve immune protective rate; reduce infectious age, reduce drug use amount, to realize healthy fish cultivation.
Embodiment 2:
Get arginase 12 .19 weight portion, isoleucine 1.69 weight portion, vitamin K 0.3 weight portion, folic acid 0.05 weight portion, obtained feed addictive Q2 after mixing.
Embodiment 3:
Get arginine 1.27 weight portion, isoleucine 0.95 weight portion, vitamin K 0.75 weight portion, folic acid 0.2 weight portion, obtained feed addictive Q3 after mixing.
Above-described embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 arrange interpolation group in the same manner as example 1 and do not add group and test.In embodiment 2, interpolation group carp does not add the death rate reduction by 33% of group carp, and immune protective rate improves 57%; Head-kidney body index improves 21%; Spleen body index improves 29%; Serum IgM content improves 28%; Quantity of leucocyte improves 24%; Leukocytes phagocytic rate improves 31%.In embodiment 3, interpolation group carp does not add the death rate reduction by 29% of group carp, and immune protective rate improves 68%; Head-kidney body index improves 24%; Spleen body index improves 38%; Serum IgM content improves 23%; Quantity of leucocyte improves 30%; Leukocytes phagocytic rate improves 32%.
Above-described embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 all can obtain following beneficial effect: the feed addictive adding scope of the present invention; effectively can promote the growth of the immune organ such as head-kidney, spleen of carp; improve specificity and non-specific immune function; thus strengthen the anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila ability of fish; improve immune protective rate, reduce infectious age.
In the same manner as example 1 identical test is carried out to other freshwater fishes, all can obtain above-mentioned beneficial effect, significantly improve its anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila ability.
Claims (3)
1. a carp feed specialist additive for anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila, is made up of the component of following weight portion: arginine 1.27-2.19 part, isoleucine 0.95-1.69 part, vitamin K 0.3-0.75 part, folic acid 0.05-0.2 part.
2. a using method for the carp feed additive special of anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: described carp feed additive special to join in basal feed.
3. the using method of the carp feed additive special of anti-infected by Aeromonas hydrophila according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described carp feed additive special and basal feed is 1:49-1:24.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104799111A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-07-29 | 四川农业大学 | Nutrition composition capable of enhancing ammonia nitrogen stress resistance of gills and feed |
| CN106306587A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 四川农业大学 | Nutritional composition capable of alleviating gossypol-induced fish enteritis, application method, application and feed |
| CN106508753A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-22 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | Treatment method for reducing content of chloromycetin in fish bodies |
| CN114711345A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-08 | 通威股份有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine additive for preventing and treating bacterial rot disease of alepidote fish and application thereof |
Citations (3)
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| CN101297679A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-11-05 | 天津生机集团有限公司 | Feedstuff additive for improving immunity of livestock and poultry and preparation thereof |
| CN101664107A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-10 | 黄翔鹄 | High-efficiency shrimp immunomodifier |
| CN103039724A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-17 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Vitamin feed additive premix for sea fish |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101297679A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-11-05 | 天津生机集团有限公司 | Feedstuff additive for improving immunity of livestock and poultry and preparation thereof |
| CN101664107A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-10 | 黄翔鹄 | High-efficiency shrimp immunomodifier |
| CN103039724A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-17 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Vitamin feed additive premix for sea fish |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| Effects of dietary isoleucine on the immune response, antioxidantstatus and gene expression in the head kidney of juvenile Jian carp;Juan Zhao，等;《Fish & Shellfish Immunology》;20131231;第35卷;第572-580页 * |
| 精氨酸和赖氨酸对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长和非特异性免疫力的影响;封福鲜，等;《水产学报》;20110731;第35卷(第7期);第1072-1080页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20190701 Address after: 611130 Yongquan Co-cultivation Industrial Park, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: CHENGDU KEFEI FEED TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 610000 No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Sichuan Agricultural University |