CN103704020B - Mushroom cultivation charging mulcher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil covering machine for mushroom cultivation, which comprises a support, a discharge hopper installed on the support and having a discharge opening at the bottom, and a conveyor belt for conveying cultivation beds under the discharge hopper. The discharge hopper has a relatively inclined The first side plate and the second side plate, the bottom of the first side plate is provided with a blocking portion that bends toward the second side plate, and the blanking portion is formed between the blocking portion and the bottom edge of the second side plate mouth; the position close to the discharge opening in the discharge hopper is rotated with a roller, and the roller is close to the first side plate, and there are feeding teeth distributed on the peripheral surface of the roller. The present invention is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to popularize. It utilizes a side-mounted discharge opening, and installs a roller with pull-out teeth on the side of the discharge hopper to prevent the agglomeration and bridging of materials and make the falling materials distribute more evenly. An adjustable feeding port is also set to control the feeding speed to meet the feeding needs of the cultivation bed.

Description

A soil covering machine for mushroom cultivation

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, in particular to a soil covering machine for mushroom cultivation.

Background technique

Mushrooms are rich in protein, various amino acids, vitamins and other nutrients. They are known as "human health food", and their domestic and foreign sales are very large. Mushrooms are produced using crop stalks, and do not compete with people for land or fertilizer, which can effectively promote the resource utilization of agricultural waste. Therefore, the development of mushroom production plays an important role in developing ecological cycle agriculture, increasing farmers' income, and enriching residents' vegetable baskets.

my country is the world's largest producer of mushrooms. In 2012, the cultivation scale reached more than 100 million square meters, and the output reached more than 1.3 million tons. The traditional mode of mushroom production in my country is mainly distributed cultivation by farmers. The method is to build a fixed multi-layer cultivation bed with moso bamboo in the mushroom shed, and then manually add the culture material to the cultivation bed, and then inoculate. After the mycelium grows, Then artificially cover soil on the culture material. This production method is not only labor-intensive, labor-intensive, and labor-inefficient, but also easily causes uneven material loading and soil covering, thereby affecting production. With rising labor prices and a large number of young people migrating to cities, the traditional mode of mushroom production has become unsustainable, seriously jeopardizing the survival and development of the industry.

In order to overcome the problems existing in the existing production, the present invention provides a simple structure and easy-to-implement mushroom cultivation charging soil covering machine to replace manual loading and soil covering, thereby improving labor efficiency, saving labor costs, increasing production, and improving benefit.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simple structure and easy-to-implement mushroom cultivation charging soil covering machine to replace manual loading and soil covering, thereby improving labor efficiency, saving labor costs, increasing production, and improving benefit. The feature of this machine is that a roller is installed in the discharge hopper, and the roller is equipped with a material shifting tooth, which drives the material to fall during the rotation of the roller, which can control the falling speed of the culture material and prevent the culture material from agglomerating in the discharge hopper. The compost or covering soil is evenly distributed in the cultivation bed.

A charging soil covering machine for mushroom cultivation, comprising a support, a discharge hopper mounted on the support and having a discharge opening at the bottom, and a conveyor belt for conveying a cultivation bed under the discharge hopper, the discharge hopper has a relatively inclined first side plate and the second side plate, the bottom of the first side plate is provided with a blocking portion that bends toward the second side plate, and the material discharge port is formed between the blocking portion and the bottom edge of the second side plate;

The position close to the discharge opening in the hopper is rotatably fitted with a roller, and the roller is close to the first side plate, and there are shifting teeth distributed on the peripheral surface of the roller.

In the present invention, the feeding opening is biased towards one side of the discharging hopper, and the roller close to the feeding opening is close to the other side of the discharging hopper. If the feeding opening is located directly below the discharging hopper, the compost is very easy to bridge in the discharging hopper , causing the material to stagnate. At the same time, if the roller is installed in the middle of the discharge hopper, the roller will drive the culture material to rotate in the discharge hopper, and it will also make it difficult for the materials in the discharge hopper to fall.

Since the feeding opening is biased toward one side of the discharging hopper, and the roller is biased toward the other side of the discharging hopper, the shifting teeth on the roller can drive the culture material to move to the lower feeding inlet side, and squeeze the material at the discharging outlet, so that The material falls at a uniform speed, and at the same time, the material can be dispersed when the material is rotated to prevent the agglomeration of the material in the compost, so that the compost that falls into the cultivation bed is more evenly distributed.

Preferably, the shifting teeth are in multiple rows, each row is arranged along the axial direction of the drum, and the shifting arrangement is arranged between two adjacent rows of shifting teeth.

In order to fully drive the materials, there are multiple rows of shifting teeth, and the offset arrangement between two adjacent rows of shifting teeth can prevent the occurrence of dead angles where the shifting teeth are difficult to work, and fully drive the materials stacked in the discharge hopper.

Preferably, a motor for driving the drum is installed on the support, and a speed reduction mechanism is provided between the motor and the drum.

The drum is driven by the motor on one side of the hopper, and the motor is installed on the bracket. At the same time, the deceleration mechanism set between the motor and the drum can reasonably control the rotation speed of the drum. The deceleration mechanism can be a pulley set, which includes a large gear and a small gear. and straps.

As a preference, an adjustment plate for adjusting the size of the discharge opening is provided outside the hopper, and the adjustment plate is in close contact with the outer wall of the second side plate and can slide relatively, and has a positioning mechanism.

When the adjusting plate is lowered, the size of the feeding port is reduced; when the adjusting plate is raised, the size of the feeding port is increased. By changing the size of the feeding port, the feeding speed of the hopper is controlled so that the feeding speed is the same as that of the conveyor belt conveying the cultivation bed. When the speed is adapted, when the cultivation bed is output to the bottom of the discharge hopper, the culture material in the cultivation bed reaches the feeding amount.

Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning rod passing through the adjustment plate, one end of the positioning rod is flat, and the end is enlarged to match with the longitudinal chute on the second side plate, and the other end is sleeved for pressing and adjusting Plate Knobs.

The second side plate is provided with a longitudinal chute, and the enlarged end slides and fits in the longitudinal chute. One side of the longitudinal chute is provided with a bar-shaped groove, and the flat part on the positioning rod is located in the bar-shaped groove. Fitted with a shaped groove, it is used to limit the circumferential movement of the positioning rod, prevent the positioning rod from being driven while the knob is turned, and facilitate the displacement of the adjustment plate.

Preferably, the length of the pushing teeth is 2-5 cm.

Because the compost contains material components such as straw, the larger the length of the material-setting teeth, the easier it is for the material to be wound on the material-setting teeth, which affects the speed of feeding. Therefore, the length of the material-setting teeth is set to be 2 to 5 cm in the present invention. While driving the material, it reduces the material winding on the shifting teeth.

The present invention is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to popularize. It utilizes a side-mounted discharge opening, and installs a roller with pull-out teeth on the side of the discharge hopper to prevent the agglomeration and bridging of materials and make the falling materials distribute more evenly. An adjustable feeding port is also set to control the feeding speed to meet the feeding needs of the cultivation bed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a soil covering machine for mushroom cultivation.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge hopper.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the installation place of the adjusting plate.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the mushroom cultivation charging earth covering machine of the present invention is described in further detail.

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of mushroom cultivation charging soil covering machine comprises support 2, the discharge hopper 1 that is installed on the support 2, and the conveyor belt 3 that is positioned at the bottom of discharge hopper 1, and the cultivation bed 4 that planted mushroom is placed on the conveyor belt 2 .

As shown in Figure 2, the discharge opening 7 is positioned at the bottom of the hopper 1, and the hopper 1 has a relatively inclined first side plate 11 and a second side plate 12, and the bottom of the first side plate 11 is provided with a side plate facing the second side plate. 12 extends the blocking portion 13, the bottom edge of the second side plate 12 and the blocking portion 13 form the discharge port 7, and the roller 9 is rotated in the discharge hopper 1 and close to the discharge port 7, and the roller 9 is close to the first Side plate 11 is installed, and the peripheral surface of cylinder 9 is distributed with shifting tooth 8, and the length of shifting tooth 8 is preferably 3cm. The roller 9 is biased towards the side of the discharge hopper 1, and the rotating gear tooth 8 can drive the culture material to move to the side of the feed port, and squeeze the material to fall at a constant speed. At the same time, the material can be dispersed when the material gear 8 rotates to prevent the material from agglomerating. , so that the compost or covering soil falling into the cultivation bed 4 is distributed more evenly.

There are multiple rows of shifting teeth 8, each row is arranged axially along the drum 9, and the shifting arrangement between two adjacent rows of shifting teeth 8 is to prevent material dead corners where the shifting teeth 8 are difficult to function, and fully drive the materials to Feed opening 7 moves. The motor 5 that drives the drum 9 is installed on the support 2, and a speed reduction mechanism that limits the speed of the drum 9 is also provided between the motor 5 and the drum 9. The speed reduction mechanism includes a driving pinion, a driven gear and a belt, and the pinion is fixed on the motor. On the output shaft, the rotating shaft of the bull gear and the drum 9 is fixed, and the belt is wound on the pinion and the bull gear.

As shown in Figure 3, the outside of the second side plate 12 is slidably fitted with an adjustment plate 6 that controls the size of the discharge port 7. By changing the size of the discharge port 7, the discharge speed of the discharge hopper 1 is controlled so that the discharge speed is in line with the conveyor belt. 3. The speed of conveying the cultivation bed 4 is suitable. The adjusting plate 6 is fixed on the second side plate 12 by a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning rod 14 passing through the adjusting plate 6 and a knob 18 sleeved on the positioning rod 14. One end of the positioning rod 14 is flat, and the end portion 15 Expanded, matched with the longitudinal chute 16 provided in the second side plate 12, the enlarged end 15 slides and fits in the longitudinal chute 16, the side wall of the longitudinal chute 16 has a strip groove 17, and the positioning rod 14 The flat part on the top slides in the bar-shaped groove 17, and the flat part cooperates with the bar-shaped groove 17 to limit the circumferential movement of the positioning rod 14, prevent the positioning rod 14 from being driven when the knob 18 is turned, and facilitate the displacement of the adjusting plate 6 .

The above descriptions are only examples of the preferred implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention within.

Claims (7)

1. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links, comprise support (2), be arranged on support (2) to go up and the drain hopper (1) of bottom belt feed opening (7), and be positioned at drain hopper (1) below for transmitting the conveyer belt (3) of cultivation bed (4), it is characterized in that, described drain hopper (1) has the first side plate (11) and second side plate (12) of relative tilt, the bottom of the first side plate (11) is provided with to the bending stop part (13) extended of the second side plate (12), described feed opening (7) is formed between the edge, the end of described stop part (13) and the second side plate (12),

Be rotatably assorted near the position of feed opening (7) in described drain hopper (1) cylinder (9), and described cylinder (9) presses close to the first side plate (11), the side face of cylinder (9) is distributed with material toggling tooth (8).

2. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described material toggling tooth (8) be many rows, and each row is axial arranged along described cylinder (9), and adjacent two extricate from the layout that to misplace between material tooth (8).

3. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described support (2) is provided with the motor (5) driving described cylinder (9), is provided with reducing gear between motor (5) and cylinder (9).

4. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described reducing gear is belt pulley set.

5. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with outside described drain hopper (1) and regulate the adjustable plate (6) of described feed opening (7) size, described adjustable plate (6) and the second side plate (12) outside wall surface are close to and can relative slidings, and with detent mechanism.

6. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described detent mechanism comprises the backstay (14) through adjustable plate (6), backstay (14) one end is flat, this end end (15) is expanded, match with the longitudinal chute (16) on the second side plate (12), the other end is arranged with the knob (18) for compressing adjustable plate (6).

7. mushroom-cultivating charging drag links as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the length of described material toggling tooth (8) is 2 ~ 5cm.