CN103700302B - A kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment - Google Patents
A kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103700302B CN103700302B CN201310626625.4A CN201310626625A CN103700302B CN 103700302 B CN103700302 B CN 103700302B CN 201310626625 A CN201310626625 A CN 201310626625A CN 103700302 B CN103700302 B CN 103700302B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of teaching pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device, for studying the process of electron wastes non-metal powder pyrolysis resource produce oil.This device comprises the compositions such as pyrolysis reactor, heating arrangement, programme regulator for temperature, temperature probe and condenser.Apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, be easy to dismounting, good seal performance, is applicable to undergraduate and carries out the experimental teaching of pyrolysis of waste resource.This device not only enhances pyrolysis reactor heat-transfer effect, and efficiently solve owing to heating the more problem of the uneven pyrolytic reaction incomplete sum accessory substance caused, effectively have collected pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis solid residue simultaneously, the acidic liquid adsorbent that advances into that pyrolysis off-gas is entering air of cooling is effectively adsorbed, avoid the pollution of pyrolysis off-gas to environment, reach gratifying experiment effect, this invention is suitable for University Environment, chemical student carries out pyrolysis of waste resource education experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for pyrolysis of waste resource correlated curriculum experimental teaching technical field, especially relate to a kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment.
Background technology
Environmental Science and Engineering subject is along with the progress and development of science and technology, and its connotation and extension obtains continuous expansion, has higher requirement to the necessary experimental teaching of the high-quality environment talent of cultivation.For this reason, while maintenance traditional experiment Teaching Advantages and effect, environmentally discipline development needs, try to explore to set up consistent with discipline development level, be suitable for the instructional item that undergraduate tests, traditional experiment teaching is organically combined with discipline development demand, reach and mutually supplement, realize best combination.
Electron wastes is a kind of novel wastes, in recent years, for the solid waste that growth rate is in the world the fastest, its growth rate is 3 times of ordinary solid discarded object, it has the feature such as environmental hazard and resource regeneration value, and electron wastes process and recycling have become focus and the emphasis of current research.But at present, domestic colleges and universities only offer the solid waste experiment based on house refuse in undergraduate, electron wastes process and resource experimental teaching are still in the exploratory stage, and especially with the education experiment of electron wastes non-metal powder pyrolysis resource, there is not been reported.The successful research and development of this experimental teaching unit, not only embody Frontier development and the characteristic solving actual environment problem, focus on experimental project novelty and practical application meaning, and perfect further undergraduate's solid waste experiment content, become experimental teaching level level and promote the important content with innovation.This experimental provision meets undergraduate and tests demand, has the features such as multiple tricks is strong, easy and simple to handle, reasonable price, and experiment teaching effect is good.Efficiently solve that engineering or scientific research apparatus system are complicated, volume is large, cost is high, and student can only carry out the deficiency of visit or lecture experiment, improves student experimenting effect simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of teaching pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device, be applicable to electron wastes and other organic polymer material Pyrolysis Experiments, experimental provision structure is simple, easy to operate, be easy to dismounting, good seal performance, university student's experimental teaching demand of the relevant speciality such as environment, chemical industry can be met.
In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment that the present invention proposes, by hopper 2, pyrolysis reactor 3, elbow 5, gas and liquid collecting device 6, condenser 7, gas-liquid delivery pipe 8, gas-liquid separator 9, connect lubricating cup 10 and waste gas exhaust pipe 11 forms, it is characterized in that: pyrolysis reactor 3 horizontal positioned, condenser 7 is vertically placed, thermopair is provided with in pyrolysis reactor 3, pyrolysis reactor 3 one end connects draft tube 1, the other end is connected with elbow 5, pyrolysis reactor 3 center of inside arranges reinforced hopper 2, elbow 5 is connected with condenser 7 upper end, inside, condenser 7 upper end arranges circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 6, inclined tube 8 is provided with in condenser 7, inclined tube 8 and horizontal plane angle are 75-80 °, inclined tube 8 is aimed in the outlet of gas and liquid collecting device 6, gas-liquid separator 9 is in reverse frustoconic, be positioned at below condenser 7, gas-liquid separator 9 other end connects lubricating cup 10.
In the present invention, pyrolysis reactor 3 and elbow 5 are by O-ring seal and open cutting ferrule soon and be connected, and elbow 5 and condenser 7 are by O-ring seal and open cutting ferrule soon and be connected; Gas-liquid separator 9 with connect lubricating cup 10 by O-ring seal with open cutting ferrule soon and be connected.
In the present invention, described inclined tube 8 is pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, and some inclined tubes 8 are arranged in parallel, and are uniformly distributed in condenser 7, and inclined tube 8 radical is 2-5 root.
In the present invention, be provided with a pyrolysis off-gas delivery pipe 11 in described condenser 7, its one end is connected with gas-liquid separator 9, and the other end is drawn by condenser inner wall and discharge after 2 groups of acidic liquid absorption plants absorb.
In the present invention, in condenser 7, condensate water is circulated by pump.
In the present invention, when described device uses, be positioned over by pyrolysis reactor 3 in heating arrangement 13, draft tube 1 is connected with nitrogen cylinder, and heating arrangement 13 is connected with programme regulator for temperature 12.
In the present invention, the heating element in described heating arrangement adopts Elema, and heating-up temperature is up to 1100 DEG C, double-layer shell structure, and burner hearth adopts aluminum oxide polycrystal body fibrous material, has the features such as warm field is balanced, surface temperature is low.
In the present invention, described programme regulator for temperature 12 adopts 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, phase-shifting trigger, SCR control.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, compared with common tubular type pyrolysis installation, this teaching has the features such as structure is simple, convenient disassembly, warm field is even, surface temperature is low, volume is little with thermal decomposition integrated experimental provision.Pyrolysis reactor not only increases the area of heating surface to material, and adds thermosetting cooperative effect with tube wall, enhances heat-transfer effect, efficiently solves owing to heating the more problem of the uneven pyrolytic reaction incomplete sum accessory substance brought.
2, pyrolysis reactor is connected with the elbow of vertical condenser with identical caliber, and adopts fluororubber O-type O-ring seal, cartoon type to open cutting ferrule connection soon.To opening cutting ferrule soon by gas flow, increasing seam at outflow end, effectively can stop the contact at thickness pyrolytic reaction product and interface position, effectively prevent pyrolysis product in the problem of solidifying and depositing and causing upper end cover not easily to be opened at position that is tightly connected; In addition, each interface is all opened cutting ferrule soon with cartoon type and is connected, and is easy to the dismounting of each parts, cleaning.
3, condenser lower end and oil storage cup adopt cartoon type to switch on soon to be connected, and condenser lower end inner wall adopts rounding bench-type structure, to ensure that liquid pyrolysis oil flows in oil storage cup (glass cylinder), do not make pyrolysis oil be detained bonding in joint.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure cut-open view of teaching pyrolytic reaction condensation integrated device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 comprises electron wastes non-metal powder pyrolysis resource reaction unit schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Number in the figure: 1 is draft tube, 2 is hopper, and 3 is pyrolysis reactor, and 4 for open cutting ferrule soon, and 5 is elbow, 6 is gas and liquid collecting device, and 7 is condenser, and 8 is inclined tube, and 9 is gas-liquid separator, 10 for connecing lubricating cup, and 11 is exhaust pipe, and 12 is programme regulator for temperature, and 13 is heating arrangement.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1: the teaching pyrolytic reaction condensation integrated device that the present invention proposes, by pyrolysis reactor 3, hopper 2, gas-liquid delivery pipe 8, condenser 7, gas-liquid separator 9, connect lubricating cup 10, elbow 5, open cutting ferrule 4 and exhaust pipe 11 etc. soon and form, structure as shown in Figure 1.Be provided with thermopair in pyrolysis reactor 3, draft tube 1 is connected with pyrolysis reactor 3 left end, and right-hand member is connected with elbow 5 by opening cutting ferrule 4 soon, adopts fluororubber pad sealing, ensures that it has good sealing.
Temperature thermocouple in the present invention is placed in thermocouple sheath inside, be arranged at pyrolysis reactor 3 sidewall, draft tube 1 is connected with carrier gas delivery pipe respectively by threeway, the gas-liquid product formed after elbow 5 for the product after preventing pyrolysis reactor 3 pyrolysis is collected at condenser 7 upper end, in order to avoid generation seepage, spy is provided with circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 8 in condenser 7 upper end.Pyrolysis gas, with 3 Φ 10mm gas-liquid delivery pipe conveying condensations in condenser 7, forms fluid oil.For preventing fluid oil from gathering above lubricating cup, spy arranges gas-liquid separator 9, and forms 115
0c chamfering.Pyrolysis off-gas is with the outer row of vertical waste gas exhaust pipe 11.
Reinforced hopper 2 is set in pyrolysis reactor 3, pyrolysis reactor 3 left end is connected by welding manner with draft tube 1, right-hand member and pyrolysis product outlet end are connected with elbow, elbow 5 is connected with condenser 7 upper end, and circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 6 is set in inside, condenser 7 upper end, the pyrolysis gas collected enters the interior 3 parallel inclined tubes of condenser 7, and inclined tube angle of inclination controls 75
0left and right, condensed liquid flows into through gas-liquid separator and connects lubricating cup 10, and gas-liquid separator 9 is in reverse frustoconic, and condensed pyrolysis off-gas accesses environment after Φ 10mm vertical tube rises.Each junction is equipped with opens cutting ferrule 4 soon, and adopts fluororubber pad to seal, and ensures the sealing property of whole device.
Pyrolysis reactor 3 adopts high temperature resistant stainless steel SUS310S to manage, external diameter φ 42, long 40cm, horizontal positioned.In pyrolysis reactor, middle position places raw material tank tool, for pyrolysis residue after pyrolysis feed before placing response and reaction, facilitates reaction raw materials to locate on the one hand and places, make pyrolysis residue and pyrolysis reactor tube wall not easily close-burning on the other hand, be conducive to residue and take out.Pyrolysis reactor 3 one end is airtight, open aperture 2, one is connected with external carrier gas, promotes reacting gas in pyrolysis reactor and flows towards reacting product outlet end, above in the middle part of pyrolysis reactor 3, thermo sheathed type thermocouple is housed, with correct measurement pyrolysis reactor interior reaction temperature; The other end through being connected with vertical condenser 7 with caliber elbow 5, and adopts fluororubber O-type O-ring seal, cartoon type to open cutting ferrule connection soon.To opening cutting ferrule soon by gas flow, outflow end increase seam, with handled easily and prevent fluid oil remain.
3 φ 10mm inclined tubes 8 are established in condenser 7, the inclination angle of inclined tube 8 is 75 °, as pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, parallel with condenser 7 and be uniformly distributed, make the oil-containing pyrolysis gas of uniform temperature rapidly by and condensation become pyrolysis oil, adopt rounding bench-type at the cutting ferrule inwall of opening soon of condenser 7 lower end, impel fluid oil to fall into and connect lubricating cup 10(glass cylinder), prevent fluid oil from remaining at interface.And condensate water circulates with pump At103, make it continuous circulation and use.
Pyrolysis off-gas exhaust and adsorption system, one pyrolysis off-gas delivery pipe φ 10mm is set in condenser, parallel with condenser, lower end is connected with gas-liquid separator 9, upper end is drawn by condenser 7 sidewall and is discharged after 2 groups of acidic liquid adsorption device adsorbs after elbow, avoids pyrolysis gas on the impact of environment.
As shown in Figure 2, for adopting the principle of work schematic diagram of teaching pyrolytic reaction integrated experimental device of the present invention, the present invention is arranged in heating arrangement 13, and draft tube 1 is connected with nitrogen cylinder.
Heating arrangement 13, its heating element adopts Elema, and heating-up temperature is up to 1100 DEG C, double-layer shell structure, and burner hearth adopts aluminum oxide polycrystal body fibrous material, has the features such as warm field is balanced, surface temperature is low, body of heater volume is little.
Programme regulator for temperature 12, arranges heating rate to the target temperature needed for pyrolysis reactor 3, and adopt 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, phase-shifting trigger, SCR control, realize adjustable heating schedule.
In order to verify the produce oil situation of the experimental provision of invention, concrete condition is as follows:
(1) with banana oil to experimental provision reactor 3 inwall, elbow 5, the gas and liquid collecting device 6 be arranged in condenser, gas-liquid conveyer 8, gas-liquid separator 9, waste gas exhaust pipe 11 and connect lubricating cup 10 and rinse, remove residuals;
(2) nonmetal fine grained material m=49g is taken;
(3) experiment parameter: carrier gas--argon gas, air-flow--1L/min, temperature programme--8.94 DEG C/min, holding temperature--500 DEG C (insulation 30min);
(4) experiment terminates, and after taking out calcining, residual solids is weighed as 36.2636g, and calculating theoretical oil offtake (having partial thermal decomposition gas) is 12.7364g, and theoretical oil productivity is 25.99%;
(5) verified by many experiments, at material 50g, be incubated 500 DEG C, during 30min, experiment effect is better.
Claims (7)
1. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment, by hopper (2), pyrolysis reactor (3), elbow (5), gas and liquid collecting device (6), condenser (7), inclined tube (8), gas-liquid separator (9), connect lubricating cup (10) and exhaust pipe (11) composition, it is characterized in that: pyrolysis reactor (3) horizontal positioned, condenser (7) is vertically placed, pyrolysis reactor is provided with thermopair in (3), pyrolysis reactor (3) one end connects draft tube (1), the other end is connected with elbow (5), pyrolysis reactor (3) central authorities arrange reinforced hopper (2), elbow (5) is connected with condenser (7) upper end, condenser (7) inside, upper end arranges circular arc pyrolysis gas collection (6), inclined tube (8) is provided with in condenser (7), inclined tube (8) and horizontal plane angle are 75-80 °, the outlet of gas and liquid collecting device (6) connects inclined tube (8), gas-liquid separator (9) is in reverse frustoconic, be positioned at condenser (7) below, gas-liquid separator (9) other end connects lubricating cup (10), exhaust pipe (11) one end is connected with gas-liquid separator (9) upper end, and the other end passes into acidic liquid absorption plant after bend pipe.
2. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pyrolysis reactor (3) and elbow (5) are by O-ring seal with open cutting ferrule soon and be connected, elbow (5) and condenser (7) are by O-ring seal and open cutting ferrule soon and be connected; Gas-liquid separator (9) with connect lubricating cup (10) by O-ring seal with open cutting ferrule soon and be connected.
3. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described inclined tube (8) is for pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, some inclined tubes (8) are arranged in parallel, be uniformly distributed in condenser (7), inclined tube (8) radical is 2-5 root.
4. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, is characterized in that condenser (7) interior condensate water is circulated by pump.
5. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that the described pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment uses, pyrolysis reactor (3) is positioned in heating arrangement (13), draft tube (1) is connected with nitrogen cylinder, and heating arrangement (13) is connected with programme regulator for temperature (12).
6. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the heating element in described heating arrangement adopts Elema, heating-up temperature is up to 1100 DEG C, double-layer shell structure, burner hearth adopts aluminum oxide polycrystal body fibrous material, has the equilibrium of warm field, the low feature of surface temperature.
7. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described programme regulator for temperature (12) adopts 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, this controller adopts SCR control.
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| CN1102605C (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2003-03-05 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Process for treating waste rubber or plastics and its gasifying equipment |
| CN101186836B (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2012-09-19 | 南京绿展能源有限公司 | Method for removing tar oil from gasified combustible gas by using waste rubber and plastic crack oil |
| CN101281696A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-10-08 | 华东理工大学 | Training apparatus for chemical industry production |
| CN102063829B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-02-22 | 沈阳大学 | Experimental device for collecting solid waste filtrate |
| CN202359072U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-08-01 | 珠海新市节能环保科技有限公司 | Refuse cracking-purifying equipment |
| CN202472991U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | Solid waste incineration flue gas treatment teaching apparatus |
| CN102580625B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-06-18 | 天津市先权工贸发展有限公司 | High-temperature pyrolysis reactor |
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Granted publication date: 20151230 Termination date: 20181202 |