CN103691860B - The processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings - Google Patents
The processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103691860B CN103691860B CN201310662675.8A CN201310662675A CN103691860B CN 103691860 B CN103691860 B CN 103691860B CN 201310662675 A CN201310662675 A CN 201310662675A CN 103691860 B CN103691860 B CN 103691860B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings, belongs to smelting and technical field of forging, in the smelting and forging of heavy forging, proposes improvement.First, in smelting process, at the end prefabricated mouth of a river, ingot casting mouth of a river jaw, change mouth of a river deposit cone distribution, improve the metallurgical quality of ingot casting; Secondly adopt in forging link and forge without rising head, change the machine direction of forging simultaneously and effectively improve the forging quality at the ingot casting mouth of a river.By smelting above and the improvement of forging aspect, effectively improve the hot-working quality of heavy forging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelting and technical field of forging, be specifically related to a kind of machining manufacture of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings.
Background technology
Large forgings occupies critical role in national economy, is at the indispensable vitals in each fields such as such as electric power, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, Aeronautics and Astronautics, ocean, mine, machinery.There is not great change decades in the manufacturing process of large forgings, because of the not eliminable various as cast condition defect of ingot casting existence in various degree, especially the Inclusion Defects at the large-sized casting ingot mouth of a river, in forging process be always rely on traditional by ingot casting percentage excision method, not enter forging body, waste certainly will be caused to ingot material like this.Improve ingot casting utilization rate, reduce the bottleneck that capital wastage is industry development for many years always, how to improve the quality of large forgings, the resection simultaneously reducing again ingot casting mouth of a river rejected material is the hot worked research direction of forging always.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve forging quality, reducing spillage of material simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings.This method reduce the forging weight of ingot casting blank, improve ingot casting mouth of a river utilization rate, reach heavy forging hot-working aspect and to save energy and reduce the cost object.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings, comprising: cast heating → jumping-up before ingot processed → excision rising head → forging → the pull out step to required form → excision clout.
Specific operation process is:
1) ingot casting, described ingot casting comprises ingot casting body, rising head, the mouth of a river and mouth of a river jaw four part, wherein mouth of a river average diameter D
waterwith mouth of a river jaw average diameter D
jawrelation be: D
water>=D
jaw>=1/3D
water, the length L>=1000mm of mouth of a river jaw;
2) the ingot casting demoulding, cuts away whole rising head, and then enters next step operation;
3) will the ingot casting after rising head be removed, and be transported to and add hot shop and carry out forging front heating;
4) by the ingot casting after heating, along rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up, until the total compression amount >=ingot casting body at ingot casting body and the mouth of a river and mouth of a river overall length 40% time, stop force;
5) by the jumping-up part that step 4) obtains, clamp mouth of a river jaw, pull out to required form;
6) excise mouth of a river jaw, pressed lower end, the mouth of a river 3% ~ 5% excision of ingot casting gross weight, so far obtain qualified forging.
The ingot casting cast in step 1), note: ingot casting body average diameter D, rising head average diameter is D
emit, mouth of a river average diameter is D
water, then, and D
emit>=D>=D
water.
The average diameter D of mouth of a river jaw
jawand length, also to meet the clamping requirement of postorder forging machine or sleeve simultaneously.
Before forging, heating-up temperature is in high temperature austenite temperature province, and steel ingot is generally at 750-1250 DEG C.
In described step 4), by the ingot casting after heating, be placed into hydraulic press workspace, at the top of ingot casting, pressure is set up upset plate, the mouth of a river jaw of bottom is then located in the lower drain cap be placed on away on material platform, then exerts a force on upper upset plate, along rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) the present invention can carry out for all ingot castings in principle, by prefabricated mouth of a river jaw below the ingot casting mouth of a river, and appropriate design jaw specification, effectively improve the distribution of ingot casting nozzle clip foreign material deposit cone, make it level off to distribute in the jaw of the mouth of a river, be conducive to the excision of impurity thing in forging.
2) in technical process, owing to having cut away ingot casting rising head before forging, decreased rough forging weight, and the forging process of rising head bar hold can have been reduced, reduced processing cost.
3) direct jumping-up, jumping-up direction is rising head → mouth of a river, changes traditional mouth of a river → rising head forging fiber flow direction, is conducive to the eliminating of deposit cone.
4) D
jaw>=1/3D
waterproportionate relationship be beneficial in follow-up forging process from rising head to during the jumping-up of the mouth of a river by deposit cone in the ingot body residual part bit flow to mouth of a river jaw of the mouth of a river or its jumping-up extension position, effectively can improve the quality at position, the ingot casting mouth of a river.
5) compared with traditional handicraft, this method entirety reduces the rejected material excision of mouth of a river ingot body, and the finished product forging of manufacture can save the ingot body weight of nearly 9%, amounts to into 5 ~ 8% of ingot casting weight, and namely ingot casting utilization rate can bring up to 65% by traditional about 60%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ingot casting schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 be relate in the specific embodiment of the invention without rising head forging operation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of practicality, forge processing method efficiently, effectively improves the crudy of heavy forging, the steps include:
1) ingot casting shown in Fig. 1 is first pressed.According to the characteristic of casting, can leave rising head 2 at the top of ingot casting body 1 after having cast, the mouth of a river 3 can be left in bottom.Note ingot casting body average diameter is D, and rising head average diameter is D
emit, mouth of a river average diameter is D
water, in general, D
emit>=D>=D
water.
In method of the present invention, in order to reduce waste of material as much as possible, obtaining better forging effect, at the beginning of casting, just devising mouth of a river manipulator or the forging sleeve mouth of a river jaw 4 that can clamp, be positioned at the bottom at the mouth of a river 3, jaw diameter D
jawbe less than mouth of a river diameter D
water.It is reasonable that mouth of a river jaw 4 designs, and effectively can improve the distribution (Fig. 2 shows) of the nozzle clip foreign material-deposit cone 5 formed in casting process, make deposit cone 5 trend towards mouth of a river jaw 4 central part.Grope through constantly testing, the present invention proposes mouth of a river jaw specification and is: D
water>=D
jaw>=1/3D
water, length L>=1000mm; Require that mouth of a river jaw specification is applicable to the clamping requirement of postorder forging machine or sleeve simultaneously.
D
jaw>=1/3D
water, meet and improve mouth of a river deposit cone distribution occasion, be beneficial in follow-up forging process from rising head to during the jumping-up of the mouth of a river by deposit cone in the ingot body residual part bit flow to mouth of a river jaw of the mouth of a river or its jumping-up extension position, effectively can improve the quality at position, the ingot casting mouth of a river.
2), after the ingot casting demoulding being cast, before entering forging process, first cut away whole rising head 2, then enter forging process.
After the casting demoulding, cut away rising head in advance, one pressure-pad mouth operation can be saved to forging process, meanwhile, comparatively have rising head ingot casting loss of weight about 14 ~ 20% without time heating of rising head ingot casting first fire and forging, operate lighter.Cutting method can adopt autogenous cutting.
3) will the ingot casting after rising head be removed, and be transported to and add hot shop and carry out forging front heating.Because material is different, heating-up temperature is distinguished to some extent, and in general, for cast steel, before forging, heating-up temperature is in high temperature austenite temperature province, and value set is at 750-1250 DEG C.
4) as shown in Figure 2, by the ingot casting after heating, be placed into hydraulic press workspace, at the top of ingot casting, pressure is set up upset plate 6, and the mouth of a river jaw 4 of bottom is located in the lower drain cap 7 be placed on away on material platform.Then exert a force above upper upset plate 6, from rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up ingot casting body 1, the deposit cone 5 at position, the mouth of a river 3 is moved down to jaw direction, the mouth of a river.Force until ingot casting body 1 and the mouth of a river 3 total compression amount >=ingot casting body 1 and the mouth of a river 3 overall length 40% time, stop force.
Jumping-up direction of the present invention is rising head → mouth of a river, changes the fiber flow direction of traditional mouth of a river → rising head jumping-up, makes mouth of a river deposit cone 5 flow to mouth of a river jaw 4 direction, deviates from ingot casting body 1, be beneficial to the final excision of position, mouth of a river inclusions area.
5) clamp mouth of a river jaw 4 position, jumping-up part pulling step 4) obtained, to required form, then excises mouth of a river jaw 4 and lower end, the mouth of a river 3, and lower end, the mouth of a river 3 rejected material presses 3% ~ 5% excision of ingot casting gross weight, so far obtains qualified forging.
The present invention is prefabricated mouth of a river jaw in ingot process processed, changes the distribution of nozzle clip foreign material and mouth of a river deposit cone, improves the metallurgical quality of ingot casting; Secondly adopt without rising head forging in forging link, change the machine direction of forging simultaneously, also effectively improve the forging quality at the ingot casting mouth of a river.By to smelt above and the improvement of forging aspect can break through traditional handicraft, effectively improve the hot-working quality of heavy forging.
Above-described embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention, and wherein local process can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. effectively improve a processing method for Quality of Large Forgings, it is characterized in that, comprising: cast the front heating → jumping-up of ingot processed → excision rising head → forging → the pull out step to required form → excision clout;
Specific operation process is:
1) ingot casting, described ingot casting comprises ingot casting body (1), rising head (2), the mouth of a river (3) and mouth of a river jaw (4) four part, the wherein mouth of a river (3) average diameter D
waterwith mouth of a river jaw (4) average diameter D
jawrelation be: D
water>=D
jaw>=1/3D
water, the length L>=1000mm of mouth of a river jaw (4);
2) the ingot casting demoulding, cuts away whole rising head (2), and then enters next step operation;
3) will the ingot casting after rising head be removed, and be transported to and add hot shop and carry out forging front heating;
4) by the ingot casting after heating, along rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up, until the total compression amount of ingot casting body (1) and the mouth of a river (3) >=ingot casting body (1) and the mouth of a river (3) overall length 40% time, stopping exerts a force;
5) by step 4) the jumping-up part that obtains, clamp mouth of a river jaw (4), pull out to required form;
6) excise mouth of a river jaw (4), pressed the mouth of a river (3) lower end 3% ~ 5% excision of ingot casting gross weight, so far obtain qualified forging.
2. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) in the ingot casting cast, note: ingot casting body (1) average diameter D, rising head (2) average diameter is D
emit, the mouth of a river (3) average diameter is D
water, then, and D
emit>=D>=D
water.
3. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the average diameter D of mouth of a river jaw (4)
jawand length, also to meet the clamping requirement of postorder forging machine or sleeve simultaneously.
4. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, before forging, heating-up temperature is in high temperature austenite temperature province.
5. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 4, is characterized in that, for steel ingot, before forging, heating-up temperature is at 750-1250 DEG C.
6. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described step 4) in, by the ingot casting after heating, be placed into hydraulic press workspace, at the top of ingot casting, pressure is set up upset plate (6), and the mouth of a river jaw (4) of bottom is then located in the lower drain cap (7) be placed on away on material platform, then in the upper force of upper upset plate (6), along rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up.
7. the processing method of effective raising Quality of Large Forgings according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described step 4) in, by the ingot casting after heating, be placed into hydraulic press workspace, at the top of ingot casting, pressure is set up upset plate (6), and the mouth of a river jaw (4) of bottom is then located in the lower drain cap (7) be placed on away on material platform, then in the upper force of upper upset plate (6), along rising head → direction, mouth of a river jumping-up.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105268884B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2017-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for forging superhigh-temperature soft core of steel ingot |
| CN105436368B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Superhigh-temperature crossed large-deformation forging method for improving structure uniformity of tool and mold steel |
| CN104907473A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-16 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Method for hot processing of large die flat steel forged piece |
| CN107552699B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-03-26 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of medium-sized upsetting apparatus |
| CN107263037B (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2019-04-12 | 佛山市顺创酒店制品有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel service plate processing technology |
| CN107617711A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-23 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Improve the forging method of refining Flat Die Steel volume recovery |
| CN108660302A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-16 | 苏州罗克莱堆焊科技有限公司 | A kind of production control method of large scale seabed forging |
| CN111889602B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-01-07 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Upsetting plate for improving electroslag ingot forging roll yield and forging method |
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| JP2000135546A (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-16 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | Manufacture of forging steel block |
| CN101905278A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-12-08 | 苏州昆仑先进制造技术装备有限公司 | Manufacturing process of water chamber sealing head and upsetting and extruding mold thereof |
| CN202498194U (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-10-24 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Mold of round steel ingot |
| CN102806291A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏凌飞锻造有限公司 | Wind-powered main shaft forging method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08206762A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Wire rod straightening device |
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2013
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000135546A (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-16 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | Manufacture of forging steel block |
| CN101905278A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-12-08 | 苏州昆仑先进制造技术装备有限公司 | Manufacturing process of water chamber sealing head and upsetting and extruding mold thereof |
| CN202498194U (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-10-24 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Mold of round steel ingot |
| CN102806291A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏凌飞锻造有限公司 | Wind-powered main shaft forging method |
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