CN103674156A - Metering device and metering method of laboratory trace gases - Google Patents
Metering device and metering method of laboratory trace gases Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metering device of laboratory trace gases. The metering device is composed of a gas purifying unit, a metering and collecting unit and a control unit. The gas purifying device comprises a gas inlet pipe, a drying pillar, a desulfurization pillar and a gas inlet electromagnetic valve. The drying pillar is filled with drying agents and the desulfurization pillar is filled with desulfurization agents. The metering and collecting unit comprises a U-shaped metering tube, a constant-temperature water bathing groove, a gas outlet electromagnetic valve, a gas outlet electromagnetic valve outlet pipe and a gas collecting bag. Metering liquid is put in the U-shaped metering tube which is arranged in the constant-temperature water bathing groove. The control unit comprises a liquid level control device, a gas inlet electromagnetic valve control switch, a gas outlet electromagnetic valve control switch, an electronic reader and a power supply. The metering device of laboratory trace gases has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and install, low in manufacturing cost, easy to implement, high in accuracy of the metering method, high in applicability, capable of accurately measuring the total gas generation amount and the target gas amount, capable of measuring the speed of gases and capable of totally meeting the laboratory study requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste anaerobic digestion processing technology field, particularly measuring apparatus and the metering method of a kind of laboratory minimum gas.
Background technology
While adopting anaerobic digestion techniques to process organic waste or high concentrated organic wastewater, the biogas of generation or methane are a kind of clean energy resourcies, and the generation of biogas or methane and biogas component are to evaluate the key parameter of anaerobic digestion device and treatment process quality.At present the method for anaerobic digestion installation for fermenting gas production rate metering in laboratory is mainly contained to two kinds, the one, wet test meter, this instrument range is large, larger at the minimum gas time error of Measurement Laboratory scale, affects experimental precision; The 2nd, use gas flowmeter directly to measure, this import instrument cost is high, generally cannot in laboratory, use in batches.Adopt this method and system, can substitute the gas flowmeter of wet test meter and import, the gas that anaerobic ferment devices is produced carries out precision measurement, thereby optimizes Anaerobic Digestion technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problem in the past existing for laboratory in minimum gas metering, measuring apparatus and the metering method of a kind of laboratory minimum gas are provided, this measuring apparatus is simple in structure, fabrication and installation convenient, cheap, easy to implement, metering method accuracy is high, applicability is strong, both can Accurate Determining γ-ray emission total amount and object gas amount, the speed again can mensurated gas composition producing, can meet laboratory study requirement completely.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus, by gas purification units, metering collector unit and control module, formed, gas purification units comprises draft tube, dry post, desulfurization post and air inlet electromagnetic valve and is connected in series by pipeline, dry post and desulfurization post are organic glass pipe, bottom and top are respectively equipped with air intake opening and gas outlet, desiccant-filled in dry post, in desulfurization post, fill desulfurizing agent, metering collector unit comprises U-shaped gauge line, constant temperature water bath, the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger, give vent to anger electromagnetic valve outlet pipe and gas collecting bag, one end of U-shaped gauge line is respectively equipped with U-shaped gauge line draft tube and U-shaped gauge line escape pipe, U-shaped gauge line draft tube is connected with the outlet of air inlet electromagnetic valve, U-shaped gauge line escape pipe is connected with the import of the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger, the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger is connected with gas collection bag by the electromagnetic valve outlet pipe of giving vent to anger, the other end of U-shaped gauge line is respectively equipped with liquid level sensor and U-shaped gauge line gas outlet and seals by U-shaped metering pipe close, in U-shaped gauge line, metering liquid is housed, U-shaped gauge line is placed in constant temperature water bath, control module comprises fluid level controller, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap, the solenoid control of giving vent to anger switch, figure reading electronic device and power supply, and fluid level controller, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap, the solenoid control of giving vent to anger switch are connected with liquid level sensor, air inlet electromagnetic valve and the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger by wire respectively.
The specification of described organic glass pipe is internal diameter 10cm, wall thickness 5 ㎜, height 20cm, U-shaped gauge line is glass material, band volume scale, internal diameter 1.5-3cm, wall thickness 3 ㎜, significant height 20-30cm, the internal diameter of U-shaped gauge line draft tube and escape pipe, gas outlet is 0.3cm.
Described drying agent is calcium sulphate or silica gel, and desulfurizing agent is iron oxide or granular activated carbon.
Described metering liquid is according to concrete measurement gas kind and require configuration, in metering fermentation tube during micro-biogas, and the hydrochloric acid solution that metering liquid is 2wt%; During methane in metering in biogas, metering liquid is that the NaOH of concentration 4mol/L or KOH solution are in order to absorb the acid gas components in biogas.
A metering method of utilizing described laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus, implementation method is as follows:
1) operating process: the gas being produced by laboratory reaction device is after the dry post and desulfurization post of clean unit, by SCS Air Suction Control Solenoid, enter U-shaped gauge line, closed electromagnetic valve is controlled in now exhaust, metering liquid in U-shaped gauge line produces liquid level difference under pressure, when this liquid level difference reaches after setting value, liquid level sensor starts, now SCS Air Suction Control Solenoid is closed, exhaust is controlled solenoid valve and is opened, in U-shaped gauge line, gas is controlled solenoid valve discharge via exhaust, enter in gas collection bag, electronic counter with memory function, record different time gas milliliter reading, U-shaped gauge line is placed in constant temperature water bath is convenient to generation gas volume to be converted into numerical value under the status of criterion.
2) gas volume calculating method:
According to class of liquids in U-shaped gauge line, determine its density, water column pressure while then calculating full scale according to the setting scale-height of " 0 " scale place and liquid level sensor position in U-shaped gauge line is poor, in conjunction with the design temperature of constant temperature water bath, adopt calibrating gas state equation pV=nRT to calculate the volume of measured gas.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
This measuring apparatus is simple in structure, fabrication and installation convenient, cheap, easy to implement, metering method accuracy is high, applicability is strong, both can Accurate Determining γ-ray emission total amount and object gas amount, the speed again can mensurated gas composition producing, can meet laboratory study requirement completely.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is this apparatus structure schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. draft tube 2. is dried post 3. drying agent 4. desulfurization post 5. desulfurizing agents
6. air inlet electromagnetic valve 7.U type gauge line draft tube 8.U type gauge line 9. metering liquids
10. liquid level sensor 11.U type gauge line gas outlet 12.U type measures pipe close
The 13.U type gauge line escape pipe 14. solenoid valve 15. electromagnetic valve outlet pipe of giving vent to anger of giving vent to anger
16. gas collection bag 17. fluid level controller 18. air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap
19. solenoid control switch 20. figure reading electronic device 21. constant temperature water bath 22. power supplys of giving vent to anger
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 produces biogas curve map.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 2 methane gas production rate figure.
[embodiment]
embodiment 1:
A kind of laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus, as shown in Figure 1, by gas purification units, metering collector unit and control module, formed, gas purification units comprises draft tube 1, dry post 2, desulfurization post 4 and air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 and is connected in series by pipeline, dry post 2 and desulfurization post 4 are organic glass pipe, bottom and top are respectively equipped with air intake opening and gas outlet, and dry post 2 is interior desiccant-filled 3, the interior filling desulfurizing agent 5 of desulfurization post 4, metering collector unit comprises U-shaped gauge line 8, constant temperature water bath 21, the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger, give vent to anger electromagnetic valve outlet pipe 15 and gas collecting bag 16, one end of U-shaped gauge line 8 is respectively equipped with U-shaped gauge line draft tube 7 and U-shaped gauge line escape pipe 13, U-shaped gauge line draft tube 7 is connected with the outlet of air inlet electromagnetic valve 6, U-shaped gauge line escape pipe 13 is connected with the import of the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger, the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger is connected with gas collection bag 16 by the electromagnetic valve outlet pipe 15 of giving vent to anger, the other end of U-shaped gauge line 8 is respectively equipped with liquid level sensor 10 and U-shaped gauge line gas outlet 11 and seals by U-shaped metering pipe close 12, in U-shaped gauge line 8, metering liquid 9 is housed, U-shaped gauge line 8 is placed in constant temperature water bath 21, control module comprises fluid level controller 17, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap 18, the solenoid control of giving vent to anger switch 19, figure reading electronic device 20 and power supply 22, and fluid level controller 17, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap 18, exhaust solenoid valve gauge tap 19 are connected with liquid level sensor 10, air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 and the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger by wire respectively.
In this embodiment, the specification of organic glass pipe is internal diameter 10cm, wall thickness 5 ㎜, significant height 20cm, and U-shaped gauge line is glass material, band volume scale, internal diameter 2.5cm, wall thickness 3 ㎜, significant height 30cm, the internal diameter of U-shaped gauge line draft tube and escape pipe, gas outlet is 0.3cm.
By this device, for measuring the amount that agricultural waste anaerobic digestion process 5L anaerobic digestion reaction vessel produces clean energy resource biogas every day, drying agent is calcium sulphate, and desulfurizing agent is iron oxide, the hydrochloric acid solution that metering liquid is 2wt%, and implementation method is as follows:
1) operating process: experimental reactor produces gas and removes water vapor and sulfuretted hydrogen in gas through filling the dry post 2 of calcium sulphate with the desulfurization post 4 of filling iron oxide, and now air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and exhaust solenoid valve 14 is closed.Purified gas enters the U-shaped gauge line 8 of the hydrochloric acid solution of effective scale 50ml, filling 2% by air inlet electromagnetic valve 6, U-shaped gauge line 8 liquid levels produce liquid level difference under pressure, when high liquid level is high liquid level sensor 10 to 50ml scale, air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 is closed, exhaust solenoid valve 14 is opened, gas enters gas collection bag 16 by the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger through the electromagnetic valve outlet pipe 15 of giving vent to anger through U-shaped gauge line escape pipe 13, now electronic counter meter reading increases by 1, and volume reading increases 50ml.After exhaust solenoid valve 14 is opened, the high liquid level of U-shaped gauge line declines, and through the stabilization time in 5 seconds, the interior level stability of U-shaped gauge line 8 is at " 0 " scale place, and the solenoid valve 14 of now giving vent to anger cuts out, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and gas enters U-shaped gauge line 8, so circulation.
2) gas volume calculating method: U-shaped gauge line 8 is placed in 35 ℃ of constant temperature water baths 21, according to requirement of experiment, the volume number (mL) that in every 24h recorded electronic reader 20, in reading and U-shaped gauge line 8, liquid level raises, both sums start to produce when recording biogas total amount for experiment, a rear biogas amount reading and a front biogas amount reading difference are the interior biogas amount producing of 24h around here, then utilize the Ideal-Gas Equation pV=nRT, be converted to the status of criterion (0 ℃, 1 standard atmospheric pressure) and produce biogas total amount lower every day.
Circular is: pressure P during the interior high liquid level of U-shaped gauge line
0=2 ρ gh=2 * 1.0082 * 10
3* 9.8 * 10.2 * 10
-2=2015.6Pa, the status of criterion is produced biogas amount V=[(101000+2015.6 lower every day)/101000 * 124.6-74.6] * 273/ (273+35) * N=46.52 * N mL, wherein 1.0082 is the density (1g/mL) of 2wt% hydrochloric acid solution, 10.2 is U-shaped gauge line 50ml scale and " 0 " scale liquid level difference (cm), 101000 is standard atmospheric pressure (Pa), 124.6 is plenum chamber volume (mL) in the poor time pipe of U-shaped gauge line maximum level, 74.6 for U-shaped intraluminal fluid potential difference is 0 o'clock plenum chamber volume (mL), and N is electronic counter numerical value added value every day.
This embodiment tests two reactors respectively, and within 30 day experimental period, two reactor accumulative totals are produced biogas amount and are respectively 71.9196 L and 141.455L, and aerogenesis curve as shown in Figure 2.
embodiment 2:
A laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus, substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is as follows.
5L anaerobic digestion reaction vessel accumulation in this device metering agricultural waste anaerobic digestion process is produced to the amount of methane gas and draws and produce methane rate curve; drying agent is silica gel; desulfurizing agent is granular activated carbon, and metering liquid is the NaOH solution of concentration 4mol/L%, and implementation method is as follows:
1) operating process: experimental reactor produces biogas and removes water vapor and sulfuretted hydrogen in gas through filling the drying device 2 of calcium sulphate with the desulfurizer 4 of filling iron oxide, and now air inlet motorized valve 6 is opened, and the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger cuts out.Purified gas enters the U-shaped gauge line 8 of the NaOH solution of work scale 25ml, filling 4mol/L by air inlet electromagnetic valve 6, U-shaped gauge line 8 liquid levels produce liquid level difference under pressure, when high liquid level is high liquid level sensor 10 to 25ml scale, air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 is closed, the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger is opened, gas enters gas collection bag 16 by the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger through the electromagnetic valve outlet pipe 15 of giving vent to anger through U-shaped gauge line escape pipe 13, now electronic counter meter reading increases by 1, and volume reading increases 25ml.After the solenoid valve 14 of giving vent to anger is opened, the high liquid level of U-shaped gauge line declines, and through the stabilization time in 5 seconds, the interior level stability of U-shaped gauge line 8 is at " 0 " scale place, and the solenoid valve 14 of now giving vent to anger cuts out, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and gas enters U-shaped gauge line 8, so circulation.
2) gas volume calculating method: U-shaped gauge line 8 is placed in 35 ℃ of constant temperature water baths 21, according to requirement of experiment, the volume number (mL) that in the 2h recorded electronic reader 20 of interval, in reading and U-shaped gauge line 8, liquid level raises, both sums are in 2h, to produce methane content, a rear methane content and a front methane content difference are the interior methane content producing of 2h around here, then utilize the Ideal-Gas Equation pV=nRT, be converted to (0 ℃ of the status of criterion, 1 standard atmospheric pressure) lower methane production, and with this, draw anaerobic digestion process and produce methane rate curve, methane production computing method are with embodiment 1, difference is that the density of 4mol/L NaOH liquid is 1.150g/mL.This embodiment tests three reactors respectively, and in experiment, three reactors product methane rate curves are shown in Fig. 3.
This device is applicable to various high-precision flows single or complicated component gas in laboratory and measures device, and error meets measurement standard requirement.
Claims (5)
1. a laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: by gas purification units, metering collector unit and control module, formed, gas purification units comprises draft tube, dry post, desulfurization post and air inlet electromagnetic valve and is connected in series by pipeline, dry post and desulfurization post are organic glass pipe, bottom and top are respectively equipped with air intake opening and gas outlet, desiccant-filled in dry post, in desulfurization post, fill desulfurizing agent, metering collector unit comprises U-shaped gauge line, constant temperature water bath, the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger, give vent to anger electromagnetic valve outlet pipe and gas collecting bag, one end of U-shaped gauge line is respectively equipped with U-shaped gauge line draft tube and U-shaped gauge line escape pipe, U-shaped gauge line draft tube is connected with the outlet of air inlet electromagnetic valve, U-shaped gauge line escape pipe is connected with the import of the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger, the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger is connected with gas collection bag by the electromagnetic valve outlet pipe of giving vent to anger, the other end of U-shaped gauge line is respectively equipped with liquid level sensor and U-shaped gauge line gas outlet and seals by U-shaped metering pipe close, in U-shaped gauge line, metering liquid is housed, U-shaped gauge line is placed in constant temperature water bath, control module comprises fluid level controller, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap, the solenoid control of giving vent to anger switch, figure reading electronic device and power supply, and fluid level controller, air inlet electromagnetic valve gauge tap, the solenoid control of giving vent to anger switch are connected with liquid level sensor, air inlet electromagnetic valve and the solenoid valve of giving vent to anger by wire respectively.
2. laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the specification of described organic glass pipe is internal diameter 10cm, wall thickness 5 ㎜, height 20cm, U-shaped gauge line is glass material, band volume scale, internal diameter 1.5-3cm, wall thickness 3 ㎜, significant height 20-30cm, the internal diameter of U-shaped gauge line draft tube and escape pipe, gas outlet is 0.3cm.
3. laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described drying agent is calcium sulphate or silica gel, and desulfurizing agent is iron oxide or granular activated carbon.
4. laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metering liquid is according to concrete measurement gas kind and require configuration, in metering fermentation tube during micro-biogas, and the hydrochloric acid solution that metering liquid is 2wt%; During methane in metering in biogas, metering liquid is that the NaOH of concentration 4mol/L or KOH solution are in order to absorb the acid gas components in gas.
5. a metering method of utilizing laboratory minimum gas measuring apparatus described in claim 1, is characterized in that implementation method is as follows:
1) operating process: the gas being produced by laboratory reaction device is after the dry post and desulfurization post of clean unit, by SCS Air Suction Control Solenoid, enter U-shaped gauge line, closed electromagnetic valve is controlled in now exhaust, metering liquid in U-shaped gauge line produces liquid level difference under pressure, when this liquid level difference reaches after setting value, liquid level sensor starts, now SCS Air Suction Control Solenoid is closed, exhaust is controlled solenoid valve and is opened, in U-shaped gauge line, gas is controlled solenoid valve discharge via exhaust, enter in gas collection bag, electronic counter with memory function, record different time gas milliliter reading, U-shaped gauge line is placed in constant temperature water bath so that generation gas volume is converted into numerical value under the status of criterion,
2) gas volume calculating method:
According to class of liquids in U-shaped gauge line, determine its density, water column pressure while then calculating full scale according to the setting scale-height of " 0 " scale place and liquid level sensor position in U-shaped gauge line is poor, in conjunction with the design temperature of constant temperature water bath, adopt calibrating gas state equation pV=nRT to calculate the volume of measured gas.
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| CN105424134A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Device and method for metering trace gas |
| CN105784927A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-20 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Liquid/gas measuring and collecting method for buffer material test bed |
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| CN106768099A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-31 | 湖北洛克泰克仪器有限公司 | A kind of adjustable gas flowmeter of resolution ratio |
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| CN107990951B (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2024-05-28 | 天津农学院 | Portable micro-gas flow measuring box |
| CN107990951A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-04 | 天津农学院 | A kind of flowmeter measuring tank of portable micro gas |
| CN108761000A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of grain goes bad rapid detection method and its detector |
| CN108761000B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-09-15 | 河南工业大学 | Grain deterioration rapid detection method and detector thereof |
| CN110423680A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-08 | 山东大学 | Biogas and biological methane survey the device and its measurement method of gas in real time in a kind of anaerobic fermentation |
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| CN112683728A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏美思德化学股份有限公司 | Si-H content detection device and Si-H content detection method |
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| CN114323720B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-11-01 | 武汉大学 | Clay effect sealing barrier effect and gas purification treatment test device and method |
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