CN103671761B - Forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor - Google Patents
Forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103671761B CN103671761B CN201310715005.8A CN201310715005A CN103671761B CN 103671761 B CN103671761 B CN 103671761B CN 201310715005 A CN201310715005 A CN 201310715005A CN 103671761 B CN103671761 B CN 103671761B
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
- F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
- F04B37/14—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/14—Gearings for reversal only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于真空压缩机，特别涉及一种循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构。The invention belongs to vacuum compressors, in particular to a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of a circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor.
背景技术Background technique
目前，在机械产品中诸如往复式真空泵和往复式压缩机的机械传动装置，它的结构大都采用电机、带传动驱动曲轴与偏心轮式的传动机构。通过采用滑块和连杆配合推动活塞实现往复运动，由于受上述传动方式的制约，其缸体分布形式只能是V型，扇型或并联双缸型。由于曲轴与偏心轮传动存在周期性拐点或死点——即输出转矩为“0”的死点；传动时必然会造成震动与噪声，并且曲轴和偏心传动没有增力系数；所以动力消耗就大，尤其是当压缩比——排出压力/输入压力较大时动力消耗是很不经济的。这也是目前为什么往反式真空泵和往反式压缩机是独立设备的原因；且这些独立的往反式真空泵和独立的往反式压缩机既部件多，既重量重又结构不紧凑。近年来，为了解决上述往复式真空泵和往复式压缩机的机械传动装置存在的问题，人们立图从利用螺旋传动具有增力系数大，运行平稳精确的特性出发，结合采用弹力控制丝杠的往返换向装置，而研究开发了专利号为ZL201110158356.4的一种螺旋往复式真空压缩机；其结构包括由机座、电机、带传动、从动轮、支撑轴、齿轮传动换向系统、空心轴、轴承座、中空丝杠、丝母、丝母套管、连接套、换向杆、弹簧机构和牙嵌式离合器组成的螺旋往复式的电传动机构，其螺旋往复式的电传动机构中的换向杆的换向转动，带动由缸体、活塞、密封连接管、密封件甲、中隔腔、密封件乙、前隔腔、后隔腔、三通型进气阀，三通型排气阀、中间三通型排气阀、中间三通型进气阀、总排气管和总进气管组成的真空压缩装置，真空压缩装中的活塞串联组，不断在缸体内的往、返运动，实现该真空压缩机集抽真空和压缩功能于一体。该螺旋往复式真空压缩机虽然较上述往复式真空泵和往复式压缩机的结构，有了进步，但其传动装置仍然存在一些缺点和不足，最主要的缺点是其牙嵌式离合器在正常工作时易于脱结和其传动装置不能在高速条件下进行正常工作，制约了真空压缩机的抽真空与压缩功能的效率提高；因此，针对上述技术存在的缺点和不足，本申请人构思了一种循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机，该循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机是由机座、电机和带传动组成的电机驱动组件驱动正反变向变速式传动装置，该正反变向变速式传动装置包括减速装置、正反向齿轮同步驱动机构、正反变向装置和增速装置，其中由正反向齿轮同步驱动组件驱动由变向齿轮轴、a变向齿轮、上下的轴套、变向滚键、鸭嘴键组件、b变向齿轮、上下的端盖、超越离合器和超越离合器套组成的正反向的变向齿轮机构，该循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机秉着集高速→减速→变向→增速的传动方案，经减速装置和正反变向组件；将输入的高转速降至低转速及变向后，又经增速装置将低转速增速到输出轴的高转速，通过正反变向变速式传动装置中的输出轴以高转速驱动真空压缩装置中的活塞串联组不断在真空压缩缸体的往、返运动，实现该真空压缩机的抽真空与压缩的高效功能；为此，要求循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机中的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构，必须具有结构合理紧凑，传动性能稳定可靠的功能。因此，创新开发适用于一种循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构，是十分必要的。At present, in mechanical products, such as mechanical transmission devices of reciprocating vacuum pumps and reciprocating compressors, most of its structures adopt motors, belt transmissions to drive crankshafts and eccentric wheel-type transmission mechanisms. The reciprocating motion is realized by using the slider and the connecting rod to cooperate to push the piston. Due to the restriction of the above-mentioned transmission mode, the distribution form of the cylinder body can only be V-shaped, fan-shaped or parallel twin-cylinder type. Due to the periodic inflection point or dead point in the transmission of the crankshaft and the eccentric wheel—that is, the dead point where the output torque is "0"; the transmission will inevitably cause vibration and noise, and the crankshaft and the eccentric transmission have no booster coefficient; so the power consumption is Large, especially when the compression ratio—discharge pressure/input pressure is large, the power consumption is very uneconomical. This is also the reason why the anti-trans vacuum pump and the anti-trans compressor are independent devices at present; and these independent anti-trans vacuum pumps and independent anti-trans compressors have many parts, heavy weight and not compact structure. In recent years, in order to solve the problems existing in the mechanical transmission devices of the above-mentioned reciprocating vacuum pumps and reciprocating compressors, people have tried to start from the characteristics of using the screw transmission with a large boost coefficient and stable and precise operation, combined with the use of elastic force to control the back and forth of the lead screw. reversing device, and researched and developed a helical reciprocating vacuum compressor with the patent number ZL201110158356.4; , bearing seat, hollow lead screw, screw nut, screw nut sleeve, connecting sleeve, reversing lever, spring mechanism and jaw clutch are composed of a helical reciprocating electric transmission mechanism, and the helical reciprocating electric transmission mechanism The reversing rotation of the reversing rod drives the cylinder body, piston, sealing connecting pipe, seal A, septum cavity, seal B, front compartment, rear compartment, three-way intake valve, three-way exhaust A vacuum compression device consisting of an air valve, a three-way exhaust valve in the middle, a three-way intake valve in the middle, the main exhaust pipe and the main intake pipe. Back movement realizes that the vacuum compressor integrates the functions of vacuuming and compression. Although the screw reciprocating vacuum compressor has improved compared with the structure of the above-mentioned reciprocating vacuum pump and the reciprocating compressor, there are still some shortcomings and deficiencies in its transmission device. It is easy to disengage and its transmission device cannot work normally under high-speed conditions, which restricts the efficiency of the vacuuming and compression functions of the vacuum compressor; The forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor is a circular forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor. The variable-speed transmission device includes a deceleration device, a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism, a forward and reverse gear change device and a speed increasing device, in which the forward and reverse gear synchronous drive assembly is driven by the direction change gear shaft, a direction change gear, and the upper and lower shafts. sleeve, direction changing roller key, duckbill key assembly, b direction changing gear, upper and lower end caps, overrunning clutch and overrunning clutch cover are composed of forward and reverse direction changing gear mechanism. Adhering to the transmission scheme of high speed→deceleration→change direction→speed up, the input high speed is reduced to low speed and direction changed through the speed reduction device and forward and reverse direction change components, and the low speed is increased through the speed increase device To the high speed of the output shaft, through the output shaft in the positive and negative variable speed transmission device, the piston series group in the vacuum compression device is driven at high speed to continuously move back and forth in the vacuum compression cylinder to realize the vacuum compressor. High-efficiency functions of vacuuming and compression; for this reason, it is required that the forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism in the circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor must have a reasonable and compact structure and stable and reliable transmission performance. Therefore, it is very necessary to innovate and develop a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism suitable for a circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在为了避免上述技术中存在的缺点和不足之处，秉着使传动装置的输出轴以高转速驱动真空压缩装置出发，采用高速→减速→变向→增速的技术方案的传动装置，而提供一种循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构。该正反向齿轮同步驱动机构不仅设计合理，结构紧凑，在减速后的低转速条件下，使正、反向的两个a变向齿轮具有冲击小，传动性能稳定可靠等特点。The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages and deficiencies in the above-mentioned technologies, starting from the output shaft of the transmission device to drive the vacuum compression device at a high speed, and adopting the transmission device of the technical scheme of high speed→deceleration→change direction→speed up , and provide a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of a circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor. The forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism is not only reasonable in design, but also compact in structure. Under the condition of low speed after deceleration, the two forward and reverse gears have the characteristics of small impact and stable and reliable transmission performance.
本发明的目的是采用如下的技术方案实现的：所述的循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构，包括减速机构的A过渡齿轮轴，其特征在于：A过渡齿轮轴底端键接A过渡齿轮，所述的A过渡齿轮与输入齿轮相啮合；所述的A过渡齿轮轴的底端通过轴承支撑在减速箱体内底面内，A过渡齿轮轴的顶端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖内；于该A过渡齿轮轴顶部装设正反向齿轮同步驱动机构；所述的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构由B过渡齿轮、轴套、C过渡齿轮、C过渡齿轮轴和过渡轮支架组成，A过渡齿轮轴上键接B过渡齿轮，所述的B过渡齿轮的一侧与正向驱动变向齿轮相啮合，该B过渡齿轮的另一侧与C过渡齿轮轴上的C过渡齿轮一侧相啮合，所述的C过渡齿轮的另一侧与反向驱动变向齿轮相啮合；所述的C过渡齿轮轴的一端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖内，C过渡齿轮轴的另一端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖的过渡轮支架内；所述的过渡轮支架连接在减速箱盖底面上；所述的A过渡齿轮与B过渡齿轮之间的A过渡齿轮轴上装设轴套；通过A过渡齿轮与输入齿轮相啮合；由A过渡齿轮带动B过渡齿轮，实现正向驱动变向齿轮的正向和反向驱动变向齿轮的反向同步驱动。The object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: the forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of the circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor, including the A transition gear shaft of the reduction mechanism, is characterized in that: A transition The bottom end of the gear shaft is keyed to the A transition gear, and the A transition gear is meshed with the input gear; the bottom end of the A transition gear shaft is supported in the bottom surface of the reduction box body through a bearing, and the top end of the A transition gear shaft is passed through the bearing Supported in the reduction box cover; a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism is installed on the top of the A transition gear shaft; the forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism consists of a B transition gear, a bushing, a C transition gear, and a C transition gear shaft It is composed of the transition wheel bracket, the A transition gear shaft is keyed to the B transition gear, one side of the B transition gear is meshed with the forward drive change gear, and the other side of the B transition gear is connected to the C transition gear shaft One side of the C transition gear meshes, and the other side of the C transition gear meshes with the reverse drive reversing gear; one end of the C transition gear shaft is supported in the reduction box cover through a bearing, and the C transition gear The other end of the shaft is supported in the transition wheel bracket of the gear box cover through bearings; the transition wheel bracket is connected to the bottom surface of the gear box cover; the A transition gear shaft between the A transition gear and the B transition gear is installed Shaft sleeve; meshing with input gear through transition gear A; transition gear B is driven by transition gear A to realize forward synchronous driving of forward drive change gear and reverse drive change gear.
本发明的原理和特点分述于下：Principle and characteristic of the present invention are described below:
本发明传动装置的输出轴旨在以高转速驱动真空压缩装置的目的，采用高速→减速→变向→增速的技术方案的传动装置，即在机座上的电机通过带传动驱动或直接由电机驱动的正反变向变速式传动装置，其正反变向变速式传动装置由减速组件、正反转动的齿轮组件、变向主轴机构、正反向的变向机构和增速组件组成，其中正反向齿轮同步驱动机构由B过渡齿轮、轴套、C过渡齿轮、C过渡齿轮轴和过渡轮支架组成，B过渡齿轮与正向驱动变向齿轮相啮合，C过渡齿轮与反向驱动变向齿轮相啮合；通过输入齿轮与减速的A过渡齿轮与相啮合；由A过渡齿轮带动B过渡齿轮，实现正向驱动变向齿轮的正向和反向驱动变向齿轮的反向同步驱动。The output shaft of the transmission device of the present invention is aimed at the purpose of driving the vacuum compression device at a high speed, and adopts the transmission device of the technical scheme of high speed→deceleration→change direction→speed up, that is, the motor on the machine base is driven by a belt transmission or directly by The forward and reverse variable speed transmission device driven by the motor is composed of a deceleration assembly, a forward and reverse rotating gear assembly, a direction changing spindle mechanism, a forward and reverse direction changing mechanism and a speed increasing assembly. The positive and negative gear synchronous drive mechanism is composed of B transition gear, shaft sleeve, C transition gear, C transition gear shaft and transition wheel bracket, B transition gear meshes with forward drive reversing gear, C transition gear meshes with reverse drive The reversing gear is meshed; the input gear is meshed with the decelerated A transition gear; the A transition gear drives the B transition gear to realize the reverse synchronous drive of the forward drive of the reversing gear and the reverse drive of the reversing gear .
综合以上所采取的技术方案，实现本发明的目的。Based on the technical solutions adopted above, the purpose of the present invention is achieved.
与现有技术相比，本发明不仅设计合理，结构紧凑，在减速后的低转速条件下，使正、反向的两个变向齿轮具有冲击小，传动性能稳定可靠等特点。Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only has a reasonable design and a compact structure, but also makes the two forward and reverse direction changing gears have the characteristics of small impact and stable and reliable transmission performance under the condition of low speed after deceleration.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
本发明共有三幅附图。其中：The present invention has three accompanying drawings. in:
附图1是本发明具体实施例的的主视结构示意图；Accompanying drawing 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention;
附图2是图1中的M处的放大示意图；Accompanying drawing 2 is the enlarged schematic view of the M place in Fig. 1;
附图3是图2中沿A—A线的剖视放大示意图。Accompanying drawing 3 is the sectional enlarged schematic diagram along line A-A in Fig. 2.
图中：1、A过渡齿轮轴，2、A过渡齿轮，3、输入齿轮，4、减速箱体，5、减速箱盖，6、B过渡齿轮，7、轴套，8、C过渡齿轮，9、C过渡齿轮轴，10、过渡轮支架，11、变向齿轮，12、O型圈。In the figure: 1, A transition gear shaft, 2, A transition gear, 3, input gear, 4, reduction box body, 5, reduction box cover, 6, B transition gear, 7, shaft sleeve, 8, C transition gear, 9, C transition gear shaft, 10, transition wheel bracket, 11, direction changing gear, 12, O-ring.
具体实施方式detailed description
图1、2、3所示是本发明的具体实施例，它是循环式正反变向变速真空压缩机的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构，包括减速机构的A过渡齿轮轴1，其特征在于：A过渡齿轮轴1底端键接A过渡齿轮2，所述的A过渡齿轮2与输入齿轮3相啮合；所述的A过渡齿轮轴1的底端通过轴承支撑在减速箱体4内底面内，A过渡齿轮轴1的顶端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖5内；于该A过渡齿轮轴1顶部装设正反向齿轮同步驱动机构；所述的正反向齿轮同步驱动机构由B过渡齿轮6、轴套7、C过渡齿轮8、C过渡齿轮轴9和过渡轮支架10组成，A过渡齿轮轴1上键接B过渡齿轮6，所述的B过渡齿轮6的一侧与正向驱动变向齿轮11相啮合，该B过渡齿轮6的另一侧与C过渡齿轮轴9上的C过渡齿轮8一侧相啮合，所述的C过渡齿轮8的另一侧与反向驱动变向齿轮11相啮合；所述的C过渡齿轮轴9的一端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖5内，C过渡齿轮轴9的另一端通过轴承支撑在减速箱盖5的过渡轮支架10内；所述的过渡轮支架10连接在减速箱盖5底面上；所述的A过渡齿轮2与B过渡齿轮6之间的A过渡齿轮轴1上装设轴套7；通过B过渡齿轮6，实现正向驱动变向齿轮的正向和反向驱动变向齿轮的反向同步驱动。Shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3 is the specific embodiment of the present invention, and it is the forward and reverse gear synchronous driving mechanism of the circulation type forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor, comprises the A transition gear shaft 1 of reduction mechanism, is characterized in that The bottom end of the A transition gear shaft 1 is keyed to the A transition gear 2, and the A transition gear 2 is meshed with the input gear 3; the bottom end of the A transition gear shaft 1 is supported on the inner bottom surface of the reduction box 4 through bearings Inside, the top of the A transition gear shaft 1 is supported in the reduction box cover 5 through bearings; a forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism is installed on the top of the A transition gear shaft 1; the forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism is transitioned by B Gear 6, shaft sleeve 7, C transition gear 8, C transition gear shaft 9 and transition wheel bracket 10, A transition gear shaft 1 is keyed to B transition gear 6, and one side of B transition gear 6 is connected to the forward direction The drive changing gear 11 is meshed, the other side of the B transition gear 6 is meshed with the C transition gear 8 on the C transition gear shaft 9, and the other side of the C transition gear 8 is meshed with the reverse drive variable Mesh to the gear 11; one end of the C transition gear shaft 9 is supported in the reduction box cover 5 by a bearing, and the other end of the C transition gear shaft 9 is supported in the transition wheel bracket 10 of the reduction box cover 5 by a bearing; The transition wheel bracket 10 described above is connected to the bottom surface of the reduction box cover 5; the shaft sleeve 7 is installed on the A transition gear shaft 1 between the A transition gear 2 and the B transition gear 6; through the B transition gear 6, the forward direction is realized. Drive the forward and reverse drive of the change gear and the reverse synchronous drive of the change gear.
所述的减速箱盖5与减速箱体4之间密封连接采用O型圈12。The sealing connection between the reduction box cover 5 and the reduction box body 4 adopts an O-ring 12 .
所述的过渡轮支架10通过螺钉固接在减速箱盖5底面上。The transition wheel bracket 10 is fixed on the bottom surface of the reduction box cover 5 by screws.
本具体实施例中的正反向的变向齿轮机构包括变向齿轮轴、变向齿轮11、上、下轴套、鸭嘴键组件、、上下端盖、超越离合器和超越离合器套。The forward and reverse direction changing gear mechanism in this specific embodiment comprises a direction changing gear shaft, a direction changing gear 11, an upper and a lower shaft sleeve, a duckbill key assembly, an upper and lower end cover, an overrunning clutch and an overrunning clutch cover.
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，所有熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明公开的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其本发明的构思加以等同替换或改变均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, all those skilled in the art are within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the scheme and the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201310715005.8A CN103671761B (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2013-12-18 | Forward and reverse gear synchronous drive mechanism of circulating forward and reverse variable speed vacuum compressor |
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