CN103664119A - Flame-retardant and energy-saving thermal insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing flame-retardant, energy-saving and heat-preserving materials by using volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth and waste paper as raw materials, and relates to the production technology of building heat-resisting materials and the fields of comprehensive utilization of plant fiber resources and industrial inorganic waste. A flame-retardant and energy-saving thermal insulation material, said material is made of component A and foaming agent B, wherein said component A is composed of the following components by mass percentage: pozzolan ash 35% to 65% , gypsum 8% to 26%, diatomaceous earth 12% to 24%, cement 5% to 15%, fibrous crack inhibitor 1% to 5%, flame retardant 0.2% to 0.6%, calcium stearate 0.2% ~1.0%. The invention provides a flame-retardant, energy-saving and heat-preserving material prepared from volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth, waste paper, etc., which can meet the market demand for A-level non-combustible heat-retaining materials, and can make full use of local cheap inorganic material resources and biomass resources.

Description

A flame-retardant energy-saving thermal insulation material

technical field

The invention relates to a method for preparing flame-retardant, energy-saving and heat-preserving materials by using volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth and waste paper as raw materials, and relates to the production technology of building heat-resisting materials and the fields of comprehensive utilization of plant fiber resources and industrial inorganic waste.

Background technique

The energy problem has become a major issue of economic development and social stability in all countries in the world, and it is also a major issue that human beings must solve for sustainable development. Energy conservation is an important aspect of energy development. Building energy consumption has accounted for 30% to 40% of the total energy consumption in various countries, and there is an increasing trend. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously develop green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings, improve energy utilization efficiency, and use waste to develop practical new products to meet the needs of various industries. This is a major direction of industrial development of "turning waste into treasure". In recent years, the domestic fire accidents caused by thermal insulation materials have made people aware of the necessity and urgency of promoting the application of energy-saving thermal insulation materials with good fire performance. Therefore, the research and development of thermal insulation materials and the design of thermal insulation systems should put safety and energy saving, fire protection and thermal insulation at the top of the list. Energy conservation of building materials must be promoted, and thermal insulation materials need to be upgraded urgently.

Although polystyrene foam materials have been widely used in some large and medium-sized cities in China, due to their poor flame retardancy, they emit toxic gases when burned, while the combustion performance of inorganic foam insulation materials reaches Class A (non-combustible). With the development of science and technology, people's requirements for building materials have increased, and the building materials currently used cannot meet the needs of relevant departments in terms of energy saving, fire prevention, and heat preservation. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the research, development and application of thermal insulation materials based on inorganic substances at home and abroad.

Since 2009, domestic papermaking has overtaken the United States to become the world's largest producer and consumer of paper and cardboard, and waste paper fibers are not suitable for continued papermaking after repeated recycling. Therefore, there are a lot of cheap waste paper resources in China. The degree of development and utilization of volcanic ash in our country is not high, and most of the secondary and tertiary soils in diatomite are discarded, which not only wastes resources but also causes environmental pollution.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is a kind of fire-retardant energy-saving heat preservation material prepared from volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth and fibrous crack inhibitor, etc., which can meet the market demand of Class A non-combustible heat preservation materials, and can make full use of local cheap inorganic material resources and biomass resources.

A flame-retardant energy-saving thermal insulation material, said material is made of component A and blowing agent B as raw materials, wherein,

The A component is composed of the following components in terms of mass percentage: volcanic ash 35%-65%, gypsum 8%-26%, diatomite 12%-24%, cement 5%-15%, fibrous barrier cracking agent 1% ~ 5%, flame retardant 0.2% ~ 0.6%, calcium stearate 0.2% ~ 1.0%,

The fibrous crack inhibitor is at least one selected from waste paper powder, waste paper fiber or mineral fiber.

In the A component, the sum of the mass percentages of each component is 100%.

In the present invention, low-cost natural resource volcanic ash is used as aggregate. Pozzolan is a fine particle formed by violent cooling of a volcanic eruption. And has hydraulic gelling substances, such as volcanic ash from Changbai Mountain.

The present invention preferably uses secondary soil and tertiary diatomaceous earth to achieve the purpose of waste utilization.

The fibrous crack inhibitor used in the present invention is at least one selected from waste paper powder, waste paper fiber or mineral fiber, which can prevent the thermal insulation material from cracking after solidification and molding, preferably waste paper fiber.

The waste paper powder in the present invention refers to the powder obtained by crushing waste paper, preferably with a particle size of over 40 mesh.

The waste paper fiber in the present invention refers to the fiber obtained after the waste paper is disintegrated, preferably softwood fiber.

The flame-retardant, energy-saving and heat-insulating material of the present invention is preferably the component A, which is composed of the following components by mass percentage: volcanic ash 50%-60%, gypsum 15%-24%, diatomaceous earth 15%-20% , 9% to 11% of cement, 2% to 4% of fibrous crack inhibitor, 0.3% to 0.5% of flame retardant, and 0.7% to 0.9% of calcium stearate.

The flame-retardant, energy-saving and thermal insulation material of the present invention is preferably the foaming agent B, which consists of the following components by mass percentage: 45%-55% of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 55%-45% of potato starch.

The cement, gypsum, diatomite, flame retardant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, potato starch and calcium stearate used in the present invention can all be purchased commercially.

The flame-retardant energy-saving heat preservation material of the present invention is preferably the flame retardant, which consists of the following components by mass percentage: 75%-65% of zinc borate, and 25%-35% of aluminum hydroxide.

The flame retardant in the present invention is preferably a mixture of zinc borate and aluminum hydroxide. As an inorganic flame retardant, zinc borate belongs to boron-based flame retardants. It has excellent non-toxic, non-polluting, flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing environmental performance. Combustion agent, the appearance is white powder, the melting point is 980 ℃, the toxicity LD50 is greater than 10g/kg, it has the characteristics of high thermal stability, fine particle size, small volume and mass, easy to disperse, non-toxic, etc., and can be widely used in high-rise buildings. It not only has a good flame retardant effect, but also is non-toxic and harmless. At the same time, some aluminum hydroxide is added to reduce the cost of flame retardants.

The flame-retardant energy-saving heat preservation material of the present invention is preferably prepared according to the following method:

①Preparation of slurry C: Mix fibrous crack inhibitor, flame retardant and water according to the mass ratio of component A to water at 1.1-1.2, stir for 3-5 minutes, then add pozzolan, cement, diatomaceous earth, gypsum, Calcium stearate and mix uniformly to obtain slurry C;

② Preparation of foam D: Dissolve foaming agent B in water according to the ratio of foaming agent to water: 0.12-0.15g:10mL, and foam to obtain foam D;

③Insulation material preparation: mix the slurry C obtained in step ① and the foam D obtained in step ② in a volume ratio of 1:2~3, inject it into the mold, maintain it, demold it, dry it, and get it.

In the above method, the preferred step ①: add the fibrous crack inhibitor (at least one of waste paper powder, waste paper fiber or mineral fiber) into the water according to the mass ratio of component A to water to be 1.1 to 1.2, and then Add flame retardant and stir for 3-5 minutes, then add pozzolan, cement, diatomaceous earth, gypsum, calcium stearate and stir for 8-10 minutes to obtain slurry C.

The disintegration of the waste paper can be carried out in a hydraulic pulper and a fiber disintegrator.

In the above method, the preferred step ②: the foaming is to prepare the foam by mechanical stirring, the stirring speed is 1000-1200r/min, and the diameter of the obtained foam is 1-2mm.

The foaming with mechanical stirring can be carried out in a commercially available foaming machine.

In the above method, the preferred step ③: Slowly pour the foam D obtained in step ② into the slurry C obtained in step ① according to the volume ratio of 1:2~3, stir and mix for 3~5 minutes, inject into the model for maintenance, demold, dry, and obtain it.

The curing conditions are as follows: standing at normal temperature for 2-24 hours, or curing for 2-24 hours at a humidity of 90%-95% and a temperature of 30-40°C.

The flame-retardant energy-saving heat preservation material of the present invention has the following performance parameters:

The dry density is 440-550Kg/m3, the thermal conductivity is 0.050-0.065W·(m·K) ^-1 , and the compressive strength is 500-1000KPa.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) No pollution. No pollutants are generated or discharged during the preparation of insulation materials.

2) Save investment. Using volcanic ash instead of a large amount of cement, using general-purpose equipment, construction is convenient, the source of raw materials is abundant, and the price is low.

3) Save energy. The use of volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth and other industrial waste residues that pollute the environment improves the utilization rate of waste paper and replaces polystyrene boards and other insulation materials, thereby saving oil resources.

4) Building materials have good flame retardant and thermal insulation properties. The thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material is kept at 0.050-0.065W·(m·K) ^-1 . The proportion of volcanic ash is much smaller than that of cement, and it is an inorganic non-combustible material. Gypsum, cement, and diatomaceous earth are all non-combustible materials, and flame retardants are added.

Detailed ways

The following non-limiting examples can enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention more fully, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

The test methods described in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

Example 1

①Preparation of Slurry C: Put 19g of mineral fiber and 555g of water in a fiber disintegrating machine for disintegration, then add 1.33g of zinc borate and 0.57g of aluminum hydroxide to the resulting mixture and stir for 3 minutes, then add pozzolan, cement, diatomaceous earth, Gypsum and calcium stearate were stirred for 8 minutes to obtain slurry C, wherein, 200 g of pozzolan, 100 g of diatomaceous earth, 50 g of cement, 120 g of gypsum, and 3.9 g of calcium stearate;

② Preparation of foam D: Put 4g of foaming agent B and 300g of water in a foaming machine for foaming, the stirring speed is 1100r/min, and the diameter of the obtained foam is 1±0.5mm, wherein the foaming agent B is composed of dodecane 50% sodium phenyl sulfonate and 50% potato starch;

③Insulation material preparation: Slowly pour the foam D obtained in step ② into the slurry C obtained in step ①, stir and mix for 3 minutes, inject into the model, maintain, demould, dry, and obtain it.

The curing conditions are: curing for 24 hours at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 30°C.

GB/T5464-1999 standard is used to test the flame retardancy of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the result shows that it is a grade A non-combustible material. A YBF-3 thermal conductivity tester is used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the thermal conductivity is 0.061W·(m·K) ^-1 . The density and strength of the thermal insulation material of the present invention are measured according to the GB/T11969-2008 standard, and the dry density is 449Kg/m ³ , and the compressive strength is 570KPa.

Example 2

①Preparation of Slurry C: Put 20g of waste paper fiber and 575g of water in a fiber deflattering machine for deflaking, then add 1.33g of zinc borate and 0.57g of aluminum hydroxide to the resulting mixture and stir for 3min, then add pozzolan, cement, and diatomaceous earth in sequence .

② Preparation of foam D: Put 4g of foaming agent B and 300g of water in a foaming machine for foaming, the stirring speed is 1100r/min, and the diameter of the obtained foam is 1±0.5mm, wherein the foaming agent B is composed of dodecane 50% sodium phenyl sulfonate and 50% potato starch;

③Insulation material preparation: Slowly pour the foam D obtained in step ② into the slurry C obtained in step ①, stir and mix for 3 minutes, inject into the model, maintain, demould, dry, and obtain it.

The curing conditions are: curing for 24 hours at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 30°C.

GB/T5464-1999 standard is used to test the flame retardancy of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the result shows that it is a grade A non-combustible material. A YBF-3 thermal conductivity tester is used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the thermal conductivity is 0.055W·(m·K) ^-1 . The density and strength of the thermal insulation material of the present invention are measured according to the GB/T11969-2008 standard, and the dry density is 541Kg/m ³ , and the compressive strength is 510KPa.

Example 3

①Preparation of Slurry C: Put 10g of mineral fiber, 10g of waste paper fiber and 600g of water in a fiber disintegrator for deflagging, then add 1.4g of zinc borate and 0.6g of aluminum hydroxide to the resulting mixture and stir for 3min, then add pozzolan and cement in turn , diatomaceous earth, gypsum, and calcium stearate were stirred for 8 minutes to obtain slurry C, wherein, volcanic ash 300g, diatomaceous earth 80g, cement 50g, gypsum 75g, and calcium stearate 4.2g;

② Preparation of foam D: Put 4g of foaming agent B and 300g of water in a foaming machine for foaming, the stirring speed is 1100r/min, and the diameter of the obtained foam is 1±0.5mm, wherein the foaming agent B is composed of dodecane 50% sodium phenyl sulfonate and 50% potato starch;

③Insulation material preparation: Slowly pour the foam D obtained in step ② into the slurry C obtained in step ①, stir and mix for 3 minutes, inject into the model, maintain, demould, dry, and obtain it.

The curing conditions are: curing for 24 hours at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 30°C.

GB/T5464-1999 standard is used to test the flame retardancy of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the result shows that it is a grade A non-combustible material. A YBF-3 thermal conductivity tester is used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the thermal conductivity is 0.053W·(m·K) ^-1 . The density and strength of the thermal insulation material of the present invention are measured according to the GB/T11969-2008 standard, and the dry density is 489Kg/m ³ , and the compressive strength is 680KPa.

Example 4

①Preparation of Slurry C: Put 22g of waste paper fiber and 640g of water in a fiber deflattering machine for deflaking, then add 1.54g of zinc borate and 0.66g of aluminum hydroxide to the resulting mixture, stir for 3min, then add pozzolan, cement, and diatomaceous earth in sequence .

② Preparation of foam D: Put 4g of foaming agent B and 300g of water in a foaming machine for foaming, the stirring speed is 1100r/min, and the diameter of the obtained foam is 1±0.5mm, wherein the foaming agent B is composed of dodecane 50% sodium phenyl sulfonate and 50% potato starch;

③Insulation material preparation: Slowly pour the foam D obtained in step ② into the slurry C obtained in step ①, stir and mix for 3 minutes, inject into the model, maintain, demould, dry, and obtain it.

The curing conditions are: curing for 24 hours at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 30°C.

GB/T5464-1999 standard is used to test the flame retardancy of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the result shows that it is a grade A non-combustible material. A YBF-3 thermal conductivity tester is used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material of the present invention, and the thermal conductivity is 0.064W·(m·K) ^-1 . The density and strength of the thermal insulation material of the present invention are measured according to the GB/T11969-2008 standard, and the dry density is 468Kg/m ³ , and the compressive strength is 520KPa.

Claims (7)

1. a fire retardant energy-saving lagging material, described material is that raw material is made by component A and whipping agent B, wherein,

Described A component, by mass percentage, is comprised of following component: volcanic ash 35%～65%, and gypsum 8%～26%, diatomite 12%～24%, cement 5%～15%, fibering crack inhibitor 1%～5%, fire retardant 0.2%～0.6%, calcium stearate 0.2%～1.0%,

Described fibering crack inhibitor is selected from least one in waste paper powder, waste paper fibre or mineral fibre.

2. material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described A component, by mass percentage, by following component, formed: volcanic ash 50%～60%, gypsum 15%～24%, diatomite 15%～20%, cement 9%～11%, fibering crack inhibitor 2%～4%, fire retardant 0.3%～0.5%, calcium stearate 0.7%～0.9%.

3. material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described whipping agent B, by mass percentage, is comprised of following component: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 45%～55% and yam starch 55%～45%.

4. material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fire retardant, by mass percentage, is comprised of following component: zinc borate 75%～65%, aluminium hydroxide 25%～35%.

5. material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described material is prepared as follows:

1. slurry C preparation: be 1.1～1.2 add successively volcanic ash, cement, diatomite, gypsum, calcium stearate and mix after fibering crack inhibitor, fire retardant and water are mixed by component A and the mass ratio of water, obtain slurry C;

2. foam D preparation: be that 0.12～0.15g:10mL is water-soluble by whipping agent B by whipping agent with the ratio of water, foaming, obtains foam D;

3. lagging material preparation: by step 1. gained slurry C and step 2. gained foam D mix 1:2～3 by volume, injection model, maintenance, the demoulding, dry, both.

6. prepare according to claim 4 fire retardant energy-saving lagging material, it is characterized in that: described step 2. gained foam diameter is 1～2mm.

7. according to material described in claim 1～6 any one, it is characterized in that: described lagging material: dry density is 440～550Kg/m ³, thermal conductivity is 0.050～0.065W (mK) ^-1, ultimate compression strength is 500～1000KPa.