Background technology
High concentration organic sewage refers to that contained organic concentration is higher, show as COD aspect chemical higher, COD is generally more than 2000mg/L, mainly comprise percolate, hospital sewage, pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's sewage etc., wherein percolate is as the representative in high concentration organic sewage, and intractability is maximum.
Percolate refers to and derives from the moisture that in refuse landfill, rubbish itself contains, the sleet water that enters landfill yard and other moisture, the saturation moisture capacity of deduction rubbish, overburden layer, and experience waste layer and overburden layer and a kind of high density of forming.The character of percolate depends on the particle diameter, compaction of component of refuse, rubbish, the on-the-spot factors such as weather, hydrologic condition and landfill time, there is the feature that is different from general sewage: BOD5 and COD concentration is high, metal content is higher, water quality and quantity changes greatly, the content of ammonia nitrogen is higher, microbial nutrition element ratio imbalance etc.Along with society, expanding economy, the generation of high concentration organic sewage increases year by year.And the organic content that high concentration organic sewage has is high, the feature of complicated component, make for its processing is a technical barrier of the industry always.Yet the annual generation of high concentration organic sewage is huge, therefore, reasonably reuse high concentration organic sewage is after treatment an environmental protection behave, is again a resources conservation behave.
The technical process of known processing high concentration organic sewage is the processing of filtration-precipitation-RO film.Although this processing mode is simple in structure, simple operation, can have the following disadvantages: first, the organic sewage after filtration enters settling tank, through precipitation, at settling tank, produces a large amount of mud, has improved and has carried out separately the cost of sludge treatment; In addition, the ability that the processing mode of filtration+precipitation combination is processed pollutent is low, and the production fluid after filtration and after precipitation still contains a large amount of pollutents and colloid, when carrying out the processing of RO film, very easily causes RO film to stop up, and RO film processing efficiency is reduced.
For above-mentioned situation, those skilled in the art proposes again to adopt the processing method of biochemical-physical-RO film to carry out high concentration organic sewage processing.This treatment process has improved the purity of sewage disposal, and mud is because being decomposed by the microorganism of biochemistry pool, does not additionally increase sludge treatment cost.But this processing mode is Shortcomings also, for example, for the organic sewage of greater concn, the processing of pollutent is still not thorough, cannot reach emission standard, is more difficult to reach the standard of reuse.
Therefore, improve the processing power to pollutent in high concentration organic sewage, it is this area urgent problem that the water outlet that makes to process can directly utilize.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above-mentioned prior art existence, the invention provides a kind for the treatment of process of high-concentration waste water, comprise following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: the water inlet of waste water, successively through grid, flotation cell and equalizing tank, is removed large particle diameter foreign material in waste water, the ununiformity of regulating pondage and water quality;
(2) flocculation sediment is processed: equalizing tank water outlet enters flocculation sedimentation tank, to adding flocculation agent in flocculation sedimentation tank, carries out flocculation sediment;
(3) biochemical treatment: flocculation sedimentation tank supernatant liquor enters the first anaerobic pond, Aerobic Pond and the second anaerobic pond successively, by denitrification and the nitration reaction of carrying out in anaerobic pond and Aerobic Pond, removes the ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
(4) membrane biological reaction is processed: the water outlet of the second anaerobic pond enters membrane bioreactor, adopts aerating pore pipe to carry out aeration in reactor, and to remove the hardly degraded organic substance in waste water, mud enters concentrated solution storage pool;
(5) adsorption treatment, the water outlet after membrane biological reaction is processed enters adsorption tank, in adsorption tank, by adsorption medium, carries out materialization absorption, and waste water flows into oxidizing reaction pond afterwards;
(6) oxide treatment: add hydrochloric acid or nitric acid in waste water, the pH value of waste water is adjusted to 4-6; Platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer and waste water are dropped in airtight reaction tank by mass volume ratio 0.05g: 1L, at room temperature react 20 minutes; Then add wherein ferrous sulfate and superoxol, dosage is Fe2+1mol/L, H
2o
20.002mol/L, carries out fenton reaction 20 minutes under room temperature after stirring; At platinum silver catalyst, add in reaction and fenton reaction whole process, oxidizing reaction pond is applied to ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic frequency 20-100KHz;
(7) filtration treatment: the water outlet of oxidizing reaction pond enters cartridge filter, removes large particulate matter by the filtration of cartridge filter, guarantees subsequent film treatment effect;
(8) film is processed: cartridge filter water outlet is carried out entering the disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film of series connection successively after desalting treatment, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film operating pressure 3MPa, the water purification of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, the concentrated solution of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters concentrated solution storage pool, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane operating pressure 3.8Mpa, the water purification of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters clean water basin, the concentrated solution of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters respectively the first anaerobic pond, the reuse of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film, the final concentrated solution of whole system accounts for below 2% of the whole processing water yield,
(9) disinfect: the water in clean water basin carries out sterilization and disinfection by ultra violet lamp, and water quality reaches drinking water standard;
(10) evaporative crystallization is processed: the concentrated solution in concentrated solution storage pool is by evaporative crystallization, and mud carries out dehydration and drying, and later use is provided.
The CODcr of described high-concentration waste water is 43000mg/L~96000mg/L, and pH is 8~11, and salts contg is more than or equal to 15%.
Described high-concentration waste water is percolate.
The described flocculation agent of step (2) is polyacrylamide and polymerize aluminum chloride, and the two adds mass ratio is 3: 1.
In step (3), the hydraulic detention time 0.5-2h of described first, second anaerobic pond, water temperature is 30 ℃; The hydraulic detention time 3-6h of described Aerobic Pond, 25~30 ℃ of water temperatures, PH7~8, dissolved oxygen 2~4mg/L.
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that in step (4), membrane bioreactor is immersion, material is tetrafluoroethylene, and membrane pore size is 0.30 μ m, and membrane flux is 16L/m
2h~18/m
2h, aeration rate is air water 20: 1, after this step process, in waste water, organic clearance reaches 95-98%.
In step (5), adsorption medium comprises the component of following mass ratio:
Particle diameter is the sandstone of 5-7mm, 5%;
Particle diameter is the haydite of 12~14mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the zeolite of 10~12mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the activated carbon of 6~8mm, 20%;
Diatomite, 6%;
Tensio-active agent, 4%;
Binding agent, 5%.
The preparation method of the platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer in step (6) is as follows, (1) preparation of platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer: first preparation contains the mixing solutions that aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate concentration are respectively 0.25mol/L and 0.04mol/L, the platinum nitrate aqueous solution that compound concentration is 0.24mol/L again, the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 0.36mol/L, by aforementioned mixing solutions and the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, after ratio is by volume got the raw materials ready, by the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, silver nitrate aqueous solution dropwise adds in the mixing solutions of aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate to being added dropwise to complete, adding volume ratio is mixing solutions: the platinum nitrate aqueous solution: silver nitrate aqueous solution=5: 1: 1, then mixing solutions is staticly settled to 1 hour and filter rear solid phase composition deionized water rinsing, after suction filtration, in 110 ℃, dry to constant weight, put into again retort furnace after 500 ℃ of roasting 3h, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and obtain platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer, cooling rear standby,
Ultraviolet lamp operation wavelength in step (9) is 225nm-275nm, and power is 100-300W.
The treatment process of high-concentration waste water provided by the invention has produced many-sided beneficial effect.First the highest COD concentration of utilizing film biology+membrane filter method to process waste water in prior art only arrives 4000-5000mg/L, and the treatment process of biochemistry+film of the present invention biology+catalysis+oxidation materialization+two-stage membrane filtration+ultraviolet can be processed COD concentration up to the waste water of 96000mg/L, and COD clearance reaches 99.98%, this is that prior art cannot realize, and has brought unexpected technique effect.Secondly in the present invention, the time of aerobic-anaerobic reaction shortened greatly compared with tens times to what time hour in prior art, had obviously improved processing efficiency.Having there is synergistic effect in ultrasonic and fenton reagent and catalyzer, has significantly reduced consumption and the oxidization time of hydrogen peroxide.In present method, the final concentrated solution producing only accounts for below 2% of the water yield in addition, compared with prior art, significantly reduces, and has obviously reduced the waste of water, has saved processing cost, has brought unexpected technique effect.Finally, the high-concentration waste water that utilizes method of the present invention to process reaches drinking water standard, can directly drink, and this is to be beyond one's reach in prior art.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A treatment process for high-concentration waste water, comprises following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: the water inlet of waste water, successively through grid, flotation cell and equalizing tank, is removed large particle diameter foreign material in waste water, the ununiformity of regulating pondage and water quality;
(2) flocculation sediment is processed: equalizing tank water outlet enters flocculation sedimentation tank, to adding flocculation agent in flocculation sedimentation tank, carries out flocculation sediment;
(3) biochemical treatment: flocculation sedimentation tank supernatant liquor enters the first anaerobic pond, Aerobic Pond and the second anaerobic pond successively, by denitrification and the nitration reaction of carrying out in anaerobic pond and Aerobic Pond, removes the ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
(4) membrane biological reaction is processed: the water outlet of the second anaerobic pond enters membrane bioreactor, adopts aerating pore pipe to carry out aeration in reactor, and to remove the hardly degraded organic substance in waste water, mud enters concentrated solution storage pool;
(5) adsorption treatment, the water outlet after membrane biological reaction is processed enters adsorption tank, in adsorption tank, by adsorption medium, carries out materialization absorption, and waste water flows into oxidizing reaction pond afterwards;
(6) oxide treatment: add hydrochloric acid or nitric acid in waste water, the pH value of waste water is adjusted to 4-6; Platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer and waste water are dropped in airtight reaction tank by mass volume ratio 0.05g: 1L, at room temperature react 20 minutes; Then add wherein ferrous sulfate and superoxol, dosage is Fe
2+1mol/L, H
2o
20.002mol/L, carries out fenton reaction 20 minutes under room temperature after stirring; At platinum silver catalyst, add in reaction and fenton reaction whole process, oxidizing reaction pond is applied to ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic frequency 100KHz;
(7) filtration treatment: the water outlet of oxidizing reaction pond enters cartridge filter, removes large particulate matter by the filtration of cartridge filter, guarantees subsequent film treatment effect;
(8) film is processed: cartridge filter water outlet is carried out entering the disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film of series connection successively after desalting treatment, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film operating pressure 3MPa, the water purification of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, the concentrated solution of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters concentrated solution storage pool, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane operating pressure 3.8Mpa, the water purification of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters clean water basin, the concentrated solution of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters respectively the first anaerobic pond, the reuse of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film, the final concentrated solution of whole system accounts for below 2% of the whole processing water yield,
(9) disinfect: the water in clean water basin carries out sterilization and disinfection by ultra violet lamp, and water quality reaches drinking water standard;
(10) evaporative crystallization is processed: the concentrated solution in concentrated solution storage pool is by evaporative crystallization, and mud carries out dehydration and drying, and later use is provided.
The water CODcr that enters of high-concentration waste water is 96000mg/L, and pH is 11, and salts contg equals 19%, and after processing, CODcr is 15mg/L, and pH is that 7.5, CODcr clearance is 99.98%.
The described flocculation agent of step (2) is polyacrylamide and polymerize aluminum chloride, and the two adds mass ratio is 3: 1.
In step (3), the hydraulic detention time 2h of described first, second anaerobic pond, water temperature is 30 ℃; The hydraulic detention time 6h of described Aerobic Pond, 30 ℃ of water temperatures, PH=8, dissolved oxygen 4mg/L.
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that in step (4), membrane bioreactor is immersion, material is tetrafluoroethylene, and membrane pore size is 0.30 μ m, and membrane flux is 18/m
2h, aeration rate is air water 20: 1, after this step process, in waste water, organic clearance reaches 98%.
In step (5), adsorption medium comprises the component of following mass ratio:
Particle diameter is the sandstone of 5-7mm, 5%;
Particle diameter is the haydite of 12~14mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the zeolite of 10~12mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the activated carbon of 6~8mm, 20%;
Diatomite, 6%;
Tensio-active agent, 4%;
Binding agent, 5%.
The preparation method of the platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer in step (6) is as follows, (1) preparation of platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer: first preparation contains the mixing solutions that aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate concentration are respectively 0.25mol/L and 0.04mol/L, the platinum nitrate aqueous solution that compound concentration is 0.24mol/L again, the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 0.36mol/L, by aforementioned mixing solutions and the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, after ratio is by volume got the raw materials ready, by the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, silver nitrate aqueous solution dropwise adds in the mixing solutions of aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate to being added dropwise to complete, adding volume ratio is mixing solutions: the platinum nitrate aqueous solution: silver nitrate aqueous solution=5: 1: 1, then mixing solutions is staticly settled to 1 hour and filter rear solid phase composition deionized water rinsing, after suction filtration, in 110 ℃, dry to constant weight, put into again retort furnace after 500 ℃ of roasting 3h, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and obtain platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer, cooling rear standby.
Ultraviolet lamp operation wavelength in step (9) is 225nm-275nm, and power is 300W.
Embodiment 2
A treatment process for high-concentration waste water, comprises following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: the water inlet of percolate liquid, successively through grid, flotation cell and equalizing tank, is removed large particle diameter foreign material in waste water, the ununiformity of regulating pondage and water quality;
(2) flocculation sediment is processed: equalizing tank water outlet enters flocculation sedimentation tank, to adding flocculation agent in flocculation sedimentation tank, carries out flocculation sediment;
(3) biochemical treatment: flocculation sedimentation tank supernatant liquor enters the first anaerobic pond, Aerobic Pond and the second anaerobic pond successively, by denitrification and the nitration reaction of carrying out in anaerobic pond and Aerobic Pond, removes the ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
(4) membrane biological reaction is processed: the water outlet of the second anaerobic pond enters membrane bioreactor, adopts aerating pore pipe to carry out aeration in reactor, and to remove the hardly degraded organic substance in waste water, mud enters concentrated solution storage pool;
(5) adsorption treatment, the water outlet after membrane biological reaction is processed enters adsorption tank, in adsorption tank, by adsorption medium, carries out materialization absorption;
(6) oxide treatment: regulate waste water ph: add hydrochloric acid or nitric acid in waste water, the pH value of waste water is adjusted to 4-6; Platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer and waste water are dropped in airtight reaction tank by mass volume ratio 0.05g: 1L, at room temperature react 20 minutes; Then add wherein ferrous sulfate and superoxol, dosage is Fe
2+1mol/L, H
2o
20.002mol/L, carries out fenton reaction 20 minutes under room temperature after stirring; At platinum silver catalyst, add in reaction and fenton reaction whole process, reaction tank is applied to ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz;
(7) filtration treatment: adsorption tank water outlet enters cartridge filter, removes large particulate matter by the filtration of cartridge filter, guarantees subsequent film treatment effect;
(8) film is processed: cartridge filter water outlet is carried out entering the disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film of series connection successively after desalting treatment, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film operating pressure 3MPa, the water purification of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane, the concentrated solution of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film enters concentrated solution storage pool, dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane operating pressure 3.8Mpa, the water purification of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters clean water basin, the concentrated solution of dish tubular type nanofiltration membrane enters respectively the first anaerobic pond, the reuse of disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film, the final concentrated solution of whole system accounts for below 2% of the whole processing water yield,
(9) disinfect: the water in clean water basin carries out sterilization and disinfection by ultra violet lamp, and water quality reaches drinking water standard;
(10) evaporative crystallization is processed: the concentrated solution in concentrated solution storage pool is by evaporative crystallization, and mud carries out dehydration and drying, and later use is provided.
The water CODcr that enters of percolate is 43000mg/L, and pH is 8, and salts contg equals 15%, and after processing, CODcr is 10mg/L, and pH is that 7.5, CODcr clearance is 99.98%.
The described flocculation agent of step (2) is polyacrylamide and polymerize aluminum chloride, and the two adds mass ratio is 3: 1.
In step (3), the hydraulic detention time 0.5h of described first, second anaerobic pond, water temperature is 30 ℃; The hydraulic detention time 3h of described Aerobic Pond, 25 ℃ of water temperatures, PH=7, dissolved oxygen 2mg/L.
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that in step (4), membrane bioreactor is immersion, material is tetrafluoroethylene, and membrane pore size is 0.30 μ m, and membrane flux is 16/m
2h, aeration rate is air water 20: 1, after this step process, in waste water, organic clearance reaches 98%.
In step (5), adsorption medium comprises the component of following mass ratio:
Particle diameter is the sandstone of 5-7mm, 5%;
Particle diameter is the haydite of 12~14mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the zeolite of 10~12mm, 30%;
Particle diameter is the activated carbon of 6~8mm, 20%;
Diatomite, 6%;
Tensio-active agent, 4%;
Binding agent, 5%.
The preparation method of the platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer in step (6) is as follows, (1) preparation of platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer: first preparation contains the mixing solutions that aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate concentration are respectively 0.25mol/L and 0.04mol/L, the platinum nitrate aqueous solution that compound concentration is 0.24mol/L again, the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 0.36mol/L, by aforementioned mixing solutions and the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, after ratio is by volume got the raw materials ready, by the platinum nitrate aqueous solution, silver nitrate aqueous solution dropwise adds in the mixing solutions of aluminum oxide and potassium permanganate to being added dropwise to complete, adding volume ratio is mixing solutions: the platinum nitrate aqueous solution: silver nitrate aqueous solution=5: 1: 1, then mixing solutions is staticly settled to 1 hour and filter rear solid phase composition deionized water rinsing, after suction filtration, in 110 ℃, dry to constant weight, put into again retort furnace after 500 ℃ of roasting 3h, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and obtain platinum silver aluminium composite oxide catalyzer, cooling rear standby.
Ultraviolet lamp operation wavelength in step (9) is 225nm-275nm, and power is 100W.