CN103663075A - Electromagnetic brake and passenger-transporting device with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the electromagnetic brake, the position between the armature and the electromagnet can be automatically adjusted even if the brake lining is worn. An electromagnetic brake, which has: a housing, which accommodates an electromagnet; a guide pin, which is fixed to the housing of the electromagnetic brake, and supports the housing so as to be able to move in the axial direction of the motor shaft; a limiting pin, which is fixed to the housing, and restricts the distance between the electromagnet and the armature in the axial direction of the motor shaft within a prescribed range; The position is held, and the position is released when braking.

Description

Electromagnetic brake and passenger conveyor with the electromagnetic brake

technical field

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic brake and passenger conveying equipment equipped with the electromagnetic brake.

Background technique

Generally, electric motors used in elevators, escalators, cranes, machine tools, etc. are equipped with electromagnetic brakes for holding positions. This electromagnetic brake consists of a brake disc that rotates with the motor shaft, a housing fixed to the motor base, an armature supported by the housing so as to be movable only in the axial direction of the motor, and a pressing spring that presses the armature toward the brake disc. , an electromagnet fixed to the housing and against the pressing force of the pressing spring to separate the armature from the brake disc, and a brake lining arranged between the brake disc and the armature and fixed to either of them.

The electromagnetic brake described above is used to generate a braking force when the motor is stopped. In order to generate braking force, the electric current supplied to the electromagnet is cut off. At this time, since the pressing spring presses the armature toward the brake disc, the brake disc and the motor shaft are held in position relative to the housing by frictional force with the brake lining.

On the other hand, when the motor is rotating, the electromagnetic brake is released. To release the brake, a predetermined amount of current flows into the electromagnet. The armature is attracted by the magnetic force generated from the electromagnet by this current. Since this attracted load is set to be larger than the load when the pressing spring presses the armature toward the brake disc, the brake lining can be separated from the brake disc without friction, so that the brake disc and the motor become able to rotate.

As a technology related to an electromagnetic brake of a drum type rather than a disc type, Patent Document 1 proposes a structure for automatically adjusting the stroke of an armature (plunger).

prior art literature

patent documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-59146

However, in a general electromagnetic brake, since there is actually a response time difference between the electric motor and the electromagnetic brake, a frictional force is generated between the motor and the brake lining before the motor is completely stopped, causing the brake lining to be damaged. produce wear and tear. Due to this wear, the armature comes closer to the disc during braking, that is, the distance between the armature and the electromagnet increases, resulting in the following two problems.

The first problem is that a temporary brake drag occurs at the start of brake release, so that the rate of progression of brake lining wear accelerates. The reason for this will be explained below. The magnetic force produced by an electromagnet is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Therefore, as the brake lining wears, the distance between the electromagnet and the armature becomes larger, and the magnetic force required to attract the armature against the pressing spring becomes larger. Moreover, there is a response delay at the electromagnet, and the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet tends to increase with time and converge to a certain value. Therefore, it takes longer to generate the magnetic force required to attract the armature. In this way, after the motor starts to rotate, the armature is still pressed by the pressing spring, creating the drag of the brake. This drag causes wear of the brake pads, further increases the distance between the electromagnet and the armature, and repeats the above-mentioned chain. It should be noted that when the distance between the armature and the electromagnet exceeds a certain distance, the magnetic force required for attraction cannot be generated, so that the armature cannot be attracted by the electromagnet, that is, it becomes impossible to release the brake.

The second problem is that since the distance that the armature is pressed by the pressing spring becomes longer at the start of braking, the moving speed of the armature increases, causing the brake pads to collide at a greater speed, resulting in louder noise .

In the existing electromagnetic brake, as a countermeasure to solve the above problems, it is necessary to check the wear amount of the brake lining in a short period, and adjust the distance between the armature and the electromagnet during braking as necessary.

In addition, in machines using the above-mentioned electromagnetic brakes, such as elevators, escalators, cranes, and machine tools, it is necessary to stop the machines in order to carry out the above-mentioned maintenance and adjustment work. If an escalator stops operating, it can significantly impede passenger convenience.

In addition, a technology for automatically adjusting the stroke of the armature (plunger) is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Since the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a technology for automatically adjusting the range of movement of the armature in a state where the winding is fixed , therefore, although the above-mentioned second problem can be solved, there is a problem that the attractive force gradually becomes weaker as the position of the armature deviates from the winding due to the automatic adjustment of the moving range of the armature.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic brake and a passenger conveying facility including the same, capable of automatically adjusting the positions of an armature and an electromagnet even when the brake lining is worn.

solution

The electromagnetic brake of the present invention includes, for example: a brake disc supported by a first rotating shaft as a rotating shaft of a motor in an axially movable manner; an armature pressed toward the brake by a first compression spring. a disc; a brake lining disposed between the brake disc and the armature to generate a braking force; and an electromagnet attracting the armature against the first compression spring, characterized in that, The electromagnetic brake includes: a housing that houses the electromagnet; and a guide pin that is fixed to a housing of the electromagnetic brake and supports the housing so as to be movable in an axial direction of the first rotating shaft. a restriction pin that is fixed to the housing and restricts the distance between the electromagnet and the armature in the axial direction of the first rotation shaft within a prescribed range; and a position holding member , which holds the position of the electromagnet in the axial direction of the first rotating shaft when the brake is released, and releases the holding of the position when the brake is released.

In addition, the passenger transport facility of the present invention includes, for example, steps that reciprocate between entrances and exits, a motor for driving the steps, an electromagnetic brake that maintains the position of the steps when the motor stops, handrails for passengers to hold, and A handrail for guiding the handrail, and the passenger conveyance facility are characterized in that the above-mentioned electromagnetic brake is used as the electromagnetic brake.

Invention effect

According to the present invention, even when the brake lining is worn, the positions of the armature and the electromagnet can be automatically adjusted.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the state of braking in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the hook shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the hook shown in FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing the state of braking in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing a situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing the state of braking with the brake lining worn.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing a situation when the brake is released with the brake lining worn.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the state of braking with the brake pads worn.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released with the brake lining worn.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, showing the state of braking in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

Fig. 12 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the engaging parts shown in Fig. 11 .

Fig. 13 is a view seen from the direction A of Fig. 12 .

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

FIG. 15 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the engaging member in FIG. 14 .

Fig. 16 is a detailed view of the vicinity of the rack in the third embodiment.

Fig. 17 is an overall view of a passenger conveying facility of a fourth embodiment.

The reference signs are explained as follows:

1: Shell, 2: Bearing, 3: Motor shaft, 4: Spline, 5: Brake disc, 6: Guide pin, 7: Fixed plate, 8: Rack, 8a: Tooth mountain, 9: Armature, 9a : Hole, 10: Housing, 11a, 11b: Brake lining, 12: Restricting pin, 12a: Shaft, 12b: Front end, 12c: Head, 13: Electromagnet, 14: Hook rotation shaft, 15 : release spring, 16: hook, 16a: front end of lever, 16b: claw, 16c: lever, 17: pressing spring, 18: stopper, 18a: inclined surface, 18b: shaft, 19: release spring, 20: engaging member, 20a: inclined surface, 20b: groove, 20c: tip, 26: guide pin, 29: armature, 30: case, 37: pressing spring, 46: guide pin, 50: case , 51a, 51b: entrance and exit, 52: steps, 53: driving device, 54: mechanical room, 55: operation panel, 56: railing

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that, in each drawing and each embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same or similar components, and description thereof will be omitted.

first embodiment

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic brake according to a first embodiment, showing a state in which braking is performed in a state where brake linings are not worn. Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the hook shown in Fig. 1 .

In the first embodiment, the housing 1 of the electromagnetic brake is a part for mounting the motor stator, which is fixed to the base. A bearing 2 is fixed to the casing 1 , and a motor shaft 3 , which is a rotation shaft of the motor to which a rotor of the motor is mounted, is rotatably supported by the bearing 2 . Splines 4 are processed on the motor shaft 3 , and a brake disc 5 , which is a disc-shaped member, is supported by the splines 4 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 . In addition, a plurality of guide pins 6 are fixed to the circumference of the housing 1 centered on the motor shaft 3 . The guide pin 6 supports the armature 9 and the housing 10 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 while fixing the fixed plate 7 and the rack 8 . The fixing plate 7 is an annular part having a hole in the center to avoid interference with the motor shaft 3 , and a brake lining 11 a as a friction material is fixed to a portion of the fixing plate 7 near the brake disc 5 . The armature 9, like the fixed plate 7, is constructed as an annular ferromagnetic part with a hole in the center, and has a hole 9a through which the shaft 12a of the restricting pin 12 described later passes. A brake lining 11b is fixed to the portion on the rotor disk 5 side.

A restriction pin 12 , an electromagnet 13 , and a hook rotation shaft 14 are fixed to the housing 10 , and one end of a release spring 15 is also fixed. The restricting pin 12 is a bolt-shaped part, the front end 12b is fixed to the case 10, the shaft part 12a penetrates the hole part 9a of the armature 9, and the diameter of the head part 12c is larger than the diameter of the hole part 9a. The hook rotation shaft 14 is a part for supporting the hook 16 so as to be rotatable thereabout. The release spring 15 is a compression spring, one end of which is fixed to the housing 10 , and the other end presses the front end 16 a of the rod portion of the hook 16 . The hook 16 is a ferromagnetic component, and has a rod tip 16 a on one side and a claw 16 b on the other side with the hook rotation shaft 14 interposed therebetween. The rack 8 is formed with a tooth shape capable of meshing and engaging with the claw portion 16b. A pressing spring 17 serving as a compression spring is provided between the rack 8 and the armature 9 , and the guide pin 6 passes through the inside of the pressing spring 17 .

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the rack 8 , the hook rotation shaft 14 , the release spring 15 , and the hook 16 . The position holding member is constituted by the rack 8 , the hook rotation shaft 14 , the release spring 15 , and the hook 16 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , during braking, since no current flows into the electromagnet 13 , the pressing spring 17 pushes the armature 9 toward the brake disc 5 and the fixing plate 7 . At this time, since the armature 9 and the brake disc 5 can move in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3, the brake disc 5 is sandwiched between the brake linings 11a, 11b, and between the brake linings 11a, 11b and Friction is generated between the brake discs 5 . At this time, the rotation of the armature 9 around the motor shaft 3 is restricted by the guide pin 6, and since the guide pin 6 and the fixing plate 7 are fixed by the housing 1 fixed to the base, the motor shaft 3 is braked.

In addition, the hook 16 is pressed by the release spring 15 , and its claw portion 16 b rotates in a direction away from the rack 8 . As a result, the holding of the position of the housing 10, the restricting pin 12 fixed to the housing 10, and the electromagnet 13 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 by the position holding member is released, and the head 12c is attracted by the armature 9 toward the housing. 1 moves, and the housing 10 housing the electromagnet 13 also moves in the same way. That is, the distance in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 between the electromagnet 13 and the armature 9 is limited within a predetermined range with a predetermined value defined by the depth of the hole portion 9a and the length of the shaft portion 12a as the upper limit. .

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the hook shown in FIG. 3 .

When the electromagnetic brake is released, current flows into the electromagnet 13, so the armature 9 and the rod 16c of the hook 16 as ferromagnetic parts move toward the electromagnet 13 against the loads of the pressing spring 17 and the releasing spring 15, respectively. At this time, since the load of the release spring 15 used to separate the hook 16 from the rack 8 is very small compared to the load of the pressing spring 17 used to generate the braking force, the rod portion 16c first contacts the electromagnet 13, and the claw portion 16b engages with the rack 8 to fix the position of the housing 10 . Thereafter, the armature 9 is attracted by the electromagnet 13, and the brake lining 11b leaves the brake disc 5. Since no frictional force is generated between the brake lining 11b and the brake disc 5, the braking of the motor shaft 3 was lifted. In addition, at this time, the axial position of the motor shaft 3 of the housing 10, the restriction pin 12 fixed to the housing 10, and the electromagnet 13 is held by the position holding member, so the motor between the electromagnet 13 and the armature 9 The distance in the axial direction of the shaft 3 is at the lower limit (0 in this case).

The problems related to the wear of the brake lining in the conventional electromagnetic brake will be described below.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing the state of braking in a state where the brake lining is not worn.

In the conventional electromagnetic brake, the restriction pin 12 and the position holding member are not provided. The armature 29 is supported by the fixed pin 26 in a movable manner in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3, the housing 30 of the fixed electromagnet 13 is fixed to the guide pin 26, and the pressing spring 37 as a compression spring is provided between the housing 30 and the guide pin 26. Between the armature 29. At the time of braking, since no current flows into the electromagnet 13, the pressing spring 37 pushes the armature 29 toward the brake disc 5 and the fixed plate 7, thereby generating a braking force. At this time, since the housing 30 is fixed to the guide pin, its position does not change unlike the first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing a situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn. When the brake is released, since an electric current flows into the electromagnet 13 , the armature 29 which is a ferromagnetic component moves toward the electromagnet 13 against the load of the pressing spring 37 . As a result, the brake lining 11b is separated from the brake disc 5, and the brake is released.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing the state of braking with the brake lining worn. When the brake linings 11 a and 11 b are worn, the distance between the armature 29 pressed by the pressing spring 37 and the electromagnet 13 becomes larger than in the state shown in FIG. 5 . Since the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the electromagnet, when the armature 29 is attracted by the electromagnet 13, that is, when the brake is released, an electromagnet that can generate a larger magnetic force is required. iron. As described above, since the response of the electromagnet is delayed, the time required to generate the large magnetic force becomes longer, that is, the response time of the electromagnetic brake becomes longer, so the brake may be temporarily pulled.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic brake, showing a situation when the brake is released with the brake lining worn. As can be seen from a comparison with FIG. 6 , the distance between the brake lining 11b and the brake disc 5 becomes larger. When braking in this state, the time it takes for the armature 29 to move under the pressure of the pressing spring 37 If it becomes longer, the collision speed between the brake lining 11b and the brake disc 5 will increase, which may increase the noise. In addition, since the moving distance of the armature 29 becomes longer, the time required for braking (that is, the response time of the electromagnetic brake) becomes longer, and when an external force acts on the motor shaft 3, the motor shaft 3 may rotate unexpectedly. .

Next, automatic adjustment of the positions of the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 when the brake lining 11b of the first embodiment is worn will be described.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the state of braking with the brake pads worn. When braking, since the position holding device is released, the armature 9 is pressed by the pressing spring 17 to move toward the brake disc 5 and the fixed plate 7, while the housing 10 also acts to limit the action of the pin 12. As a result, the distance between the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 is the same as that in the state shown in FIG. 1 when the brake linings 11a, 11b are not worn. As a result, the magnetic force and the moving distance of the armature 9 required to release the brake are also the same as the magnetic force and moving distance in the state where no wear occurs, so that the brake is not temporarily dragged. In addition, there is no need to check the amount of wear of the electric pad 11b, and adjustment work is not required based on the result of the check, and the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 13 and the power consumption required to generate the magnetic force can be reduced.

It should be noted that the total length of the pressing spring 17 is lengthened by the movement of the armature 9, and the load generated by the pressing spring 17 is reduced. For this, when the natural length of the pressing spring 17 is designed, the pressing spring 17 is The amount of decrease in the generated load is very small compared to the generated load of the pressing spring 17 in a state where the brake lining is not worn. When the length of the guide pin 6 is too long to ensure the natural length, the guide pin 6 may be divided into a first guide pin for mounting the pressing spring 17 and a second guide pin for mounting the rack 8 . Set, thereby reducing the length of the electromagnetic brake in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released with the brake lining worn. When the brake is released, the rod portion 16c is attracted by the electromagnet 13, and the claw portion 16b engages with the rack 8, whereby the position is held by the position holding member. Compared with the state shown in FIG. 3 in which the brake linings 11a, 11b are not worn, the engaging position is closer to the fixed plate 7 by a distance equal to the total amount of wear of the brake linings 11a, 11b, and braking The distance between the linings 11a, 11b and the brake disc 5 is the same as that in the state where no wear occurs. As a result, the speed at which the brake linings 11a, 11b collide with the brake disc 5 during braking is also the same as when no wear occurs, and noise does not increase.

The electromagnetic brake of this embodiment includes: a brake disc 5 supported axially movable by a motor shaft 3 serving as a rotation shaft of a motor; and an armature 9 pressed by a spring. 17 is pressed towards the brake disc 5; the brake lining 11b, which is arranged between the brake disc 5 and the armature 9, is used to generate the braking force; and the electromagnet 13, which overcomes the The elastic force of pressing spring 17 attracts armature 9, and this electromagnetic brake also has: housing 10 that accommodates electromagnet 13; Able to move in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3; a limiting pin 12, which is fixed to the housing 10, and limits the distance between the electromagnet 13 and the armature 9 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 to within a prescribed range; and a position holding member that holds the position of the electromagnet 13 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 when the brake is released, and releases the holding of the position when the brake is released. Since the electromagnetic brake has the above components, the positions of the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 can be automatically adjusted even when the brake lining is worn.

As a result, the distance between the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 does not increase due to the wear of the brake lining during braking, so there is an advantage that no maintenance work is required until the wear of the brake lining reaches the limit of use. .

Since the distance can be maintained at the initial state, it also has the following advantages. First, since the collision speed between the brake disc and the brake lining during braking can also be maintained at the initial state, there is an advantage that noise can be prevented from increasing. Secondly, because the response time of the electromagnetic brake can also be kept at the initial state, it has the advantage of being able to suppress the brake from being dragged, keeping the progress rate of brake lining wear at a constant rate, and improving the life prediction accuracy of the brake lining. And, because there is no need to set the attraction force of the electromagnet to the armature to be greater than the necessary size of the initial state under the condition of the increase of the distance, it is possible to select an electromagnetic force with a small armature attraction force, that is, a small power consumption. Advantages of iron.

And for the machinery that uses the electromagnetic brake of the present invention such as elevator, escalator, crane and machine tool, because need not stop running in order to carry out maintenance and adjustment operation to the wearing and tearing of brake lining, thereby have the user's confidence that can improve. The advantage of convenience.

It should be noted that in the first embodiment, as the position holding member, the rack 8 provided on the guide pin 6, the hook rotation shaft 14 provided on the housing 10, and supported so as to be able to rotate around the hook are shown. The rotating shaft 14 rotates and rotates around the hook rotating shaft 14 when attracted by the electromagnet 13 to engage the hook 16 engaged with the rack 8 and is provided on the housing 10 and applies force to the hook 16 in a direction separating from the rack 8 . Force release spring 15 constitutes an example.

second embodiment

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, showing the state of braking in a state where the brake lining is not worn. Fig. 12 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the engaging parts shown in Fig. 11 . Fig. 13 is a view seen from the direction A of Fig. 12 . In the second embodiment, the structure of the position maintaining member is different from that of the first embodiment. The following description will mainly focus on the parts that are different from those of the first embodiment, and the description of the overlapping parts will be omitted.

In the second embodiment, the position holding member is constituted by the rack gear 8 , the restricting piece 18 and the engaging piece 20 . It should be noted that the position holding member may also be provided with a release spring 19 .

The guide pin 46 is fixed to the housing 1 to support the armature 9 and the case 50 movably in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 and to fix the rack 8 . The stopper 18 is a ferromagnetic component supported by the case 50 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 , and the stopper 18 is biased in a direction away from the electromagnet 13 by the release spring 19 . The release spring 19 is a compression spring, one end of which is fixed to the housing 50 , and the other end is connected to the limiting member 18 as described above. The engaging member 20 is supported by the housing 50 in a manner capable of moving in the radial direction of the motor shaft 3, and the engaging member 20 has an inclined surface 20a parallel to the inclined surface 18a of the restricting member 18, and a shaft portion for the restricting member 18. The groove portion 20b through which 18b passes and the tip 20c of the shape to mesh with the teeth of the rack 8 .

As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, when braking, the limiting member 18 is moved towards the direction away from the electromagnet 13 by releasing the spring 19, so that the tooth tip 20c of the engaging member follows the peak of the tooth of the rack 8 8 a moves so that the engaging member 20 is displaced in a direction away from the rack 8 , so that the shaft portion 18 b of the restricting member 18 enters the groove portion 20 b of the engaging member 20 . At this time, the holding of the position by the position holding member is released, and the housing 50 can move according to the wear of the brake linings 11a, 11b.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, showing the situation when the brake is released in a state where the brake lining is not worn. FIG. 15 is a detailed view of the rack and the vicinity of the engaging member in FIG. 14 .

When the brake is released, current flows into the electromagnet 13, and the engaging part 18 as a ferromagnetic part is attracted by the electromagnet 13, so the inclined surface 18a of the restricting part 18 is pressed on the inclined surface 20a of the engaging part 20, and the engaging part 18 is locked. The fitting 20 is pressed against the rack 8 , and the tooth tips 20 c of the fitting enter into the grooves of the teeth of the rack 8 . Since the movement of the engaging member 20 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 is restricted by the housing 50 , the housing 50 is fixed to the rack 8 . Same as the first embodiment, the armature 9 is also attracted by the electromagnet 13, but since the load of the release spring 19 is very small compared with the load of the pressing spring 17, the limiting member 18 is first attracted by the electromagnet 13 compared with the armature 9. absorb. Therefore, the armature 9 is attracted by the electromagnet 13 only after the engaging member 20 engages with the rack 8 to fix the position of the housing 50 . As a result, when the brake is released, the position is held by the position holding member.

As described above, the position holding member of the second embodiment is composed of the rack 8 provided on the guide pin 46 , the engaging member 20 , and the restricting member 18 . The restrictor 18 is supported on the housing 50 in a manner movable in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 and is attracted by the electromagnet 13 to engage the rack 8. The fitting 20 is pressed towards the rack 8 . In addition, the position holding member may further include a release spring 19 provided in the housing 50 and biasing the stopper 18 in a direction away from the electromagnet 13 .

The same effect as that of the first embodiment can also be obtained in the second embodiment, and the second embodiment is characterized in that the case is supported due to the shearing of the engaging member 20 between the rack 8 and the case 50 50, so the support rigidity can be easily improved.

In the second embodiment, the load of the pressing spring 17, the friction force between the rack 8 and the tooth tip 20c of the engaging member 20, the friction force between the engaging member 20 and the housing 50, the inclination of the engaging member The balance between the frictional force between the surface 20a and the inclined surface 18a of the restricting member 18 and the frictional force between the restricting member 18 and the housing 50 is appropriate, and the restricting member can be activated only by the load of the pressing spring 17 when braking. 18 is separated from the electromagnet 13, the release spring 19 can also be omitted.

third embodiment

In the third embodiment, various modified examples of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are described.

Fig. 16 is a detailed view of the vicinity of the rack in the third embodiment. As an example of modification, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, for example, as shown in the example of FIG. The claws 16b of the plurality of hooks 16 or the tooth tips 20c of the engaging member 20 can be independently displaced. Specifically, in the case of the first embodiment, multiple sets of hooks 16 and release springs 15 are provided in a manner independent of each other, and the intervals between multiple sets of hooks 16 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 are set to be equal to those of the teeth. The teeth of the bar 8 have different pitches. In the case of the second embodiment, multiple sets of engaging members 20 and restricting members 18 are provided in a manner independent of each other, and the spacing between the sets of engaging members 20 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 3 is set to be equal to that of the rack 8. The teeth have different pitches. At this time, the housing 10 or the housing 50 can be fixed to the rack 8 at a distance smaller than the tooth pitch p.

In addition, as another example of the modified example, in order to separate the brake lining 11b from the brake disc 5 by an appropriate distance when the brake is released, a motor shaft 3 may be placed between the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 along the motor shaft 3. An unillustrated compression spring is provided in the axial direction of the motor so that the distance between the armature 9 and the electromagnet 13 becomes the upper limit value specified by the limit pin 12 during braking.

In addition, as yet another example of a modified example, a sensor (not shown) for measuring the movement amount of the housing 10 or the housing 50 may be provided on the guide pin 6 or the rack 8, thereby indirectly measuring the brake lining. Amount of wear of 11a, 11b. In addition, a limit switch may be used as the sensor to output information indicating that the brake lining 11 has reached the wear limit when the position of the housing reaches a predetermined position, thereby simplifying the structure. By employing the above configuration, information for predicting the time when the wear limit will be reached can be easily obtained, and it is possible to detect whether or not the brake lining 11 has reached the wear limit.

Fourth embodiment

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a passenger conveyance facility using the electromagnetic brakes of the first to third embodiments will be described with reference to FIG. 17 . Fig. 17 is an overall view of a passenger conveying facility in a fourth embodiment. Passenger conveying equipment is to have the stair 52 that reciprocates between two entrances and exits 51a, 51b and the railing 56 that is arranged along the moving direction of stair step 52, is used for the passenger that takes on this stair step 52 is transported from entrance to exit. equipment. The driving device 53 for driving the step 52 to circulate and reciprocate is mainly composed of a motor, a speed reducer and an electromagnetic brake installed in the machine room 54 below the entrance 51a or below the step 52 .

When the conventional electromagnetic brake is used, it is necessary to stop the operation of the passenger conveyor and remove the cover plate or step 52 of the entrance 51a in order to inspect and maintain the electromagnetic brake. Therefore, the passenger conveying facility may be unusable for a long time, especially in a station where the passenger conveying facility carries a large proportion of passengers, and the convenience of passengers may be greatly affected.

On the other hand, when using the electromagnetic brake of the first embodiment to the third embodiment to brake the electric motor of the driving device 53, since there is no need to check and adjust the wear of the brake linings 11a and 11b, It is not necessary to take passenger conveyors out of service.

Also, a sensor for indirectly measuring the amount of wear of the brake linings 11a, 11b by measuring the position of the housing of the third embodiment may be provided on or near the operation panel 55 of the passenger conveying equipment provided with key switches and the like. An output terminal or an output terminal of a limit switch which outputs information indicating that the brake linings 11a, 11b of the third embodiment have reached the wear limit as one of the sensors. By adopting this structure, the output of the sensor or the limit switch can be obtained without opening the cover of the doorway 51a, that is, without stopping the operation of the passenger conveyor for a long time.

In addition, a communication unit (not shown) that communicates the output of the sensor or the output of the limit switch with the outside of the passenger conveyor through a communication line may be provided. By adopting such a structure, for example, the wear state of the brake lining can be measured and detected at the maintenance center, and since it is completely unnecessary to stop the operation of the passenger conveying equipment for this work, the convenience for passengers is further improved.

In addition, in FIG. 17 , an escalator has been described as an example of the passenger conveying facility, but an electric passage may be used as the passenger conveying facility. Furthermore, the electromagnetic brake of the present invention can be used not only in passenger conveying equipment, but also in elevators, cranes, machine tools, and the like.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the configurations described in the respective embodiments described above are merely examples, and the present invention can be appropriately modified without departing from the technical concept thereof.

Claims (11)

1. a magnet stopper, this magnet stopper possesses: brake disc, it is usingd and can be supported on the first S. A. as the S. A. of electrical motor along axially movable mode; Armature, it is pressed to described brake disc by the first Compress Spring; Brake lining, it is configured between described brake disc and described armature, and for generation of braking force; And electromagnet, it overcomes described the first Compress Spring and attracts described armature, it is characterized in that,

Described magnet stopper possesses:

Housing, it takes in described electromagnet; Guide pin, it is fixed on the shell of described magnet stopper, and described housing is supported to can moving axially along described the first S. A.; Limiting pin, it is fixed on described housing, and by between described electromagnet and described armature, described the first S. A. axially on distance limit within the limits prescribed; And position retaining member, its when braking is removed to described electromagnet described the first S. A. axially on position keep, and remove the maintenance of described position when braking.

2. magnet stopper according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described position retaining member comprises tooth bar, the second S. A., grab and the second Compress Spring, described tooth bar is located at described guide pin, described the second S. A. is located at described housing, described grab is supported to can be around described the second S. A. rotation, and around described the second S. A. rotation, mesh with described tooth bar when being attracted by described electromagnet, described the second Compress Spring is located at described housing, and in the direction separated with described tooth bar to the described grab application of force.

3. magnet stopper according to claim 2, is characterized in that,

Described grab and described the second Compress Spring are provided with many groups in mode independent of each other, described many group grabs described the first S. A. axially on interval different from the tooth pitch of the tooth of described tooth bar.

4. magnet stopper according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described position retaining member comprises tooth bar, engagement piece and limited part, described tooth bar is located at described guide pin, described engagement piece is supported on described housing in the mode that can move on the radial direction of described the first S. A., and with described tooth bar engagement, described limited part is supported on described housing in the mode that can move up at the axle of described the first S. A., and when being attracted by described electromagnet, described engagement piece is pressed to described tooth bar.

5. magnet stopper according to claim 4, is characterized in that,

Described engagement piece and described limited part are provided with many groups in mode independent of each other, described many group engagement pieces described the first S. A. axially on interval different from the tooth pitch of the tooth of described tooth bar.

6. magnet stopper according to claim 4, is characterized in that,

Described position retaining member has the 3rd Compress Spring, and the 3rd Compress Spring is located at described housing, in the direction separated with described electromagnet to the described limited part application of force.

7. magnet stopper according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described magnet stopper has the sensor of the position of measuring described housing.

8. magnet stopper according to claim 7, is characterized in that,

Described sensor is limit switch, whether arrives the position of regulation for detection of the position of described housing.

9. an apparatus of passenger conveyor, it possesses the step that moves in circles between gangway, the railing for driving the electrical motor of described step, the magnet stopper that described electrical motor is braked and arranging along the moving direction of described step,

Described apparatus of passenger conveyor is characterised in that,

Described magnet stopper is the magnet stopper described in any one in claim 1 to 8.

10. apparatus of passenger conveyor according to claim 9, is characterized in that,

Described apparatus of passenger conveyor has the guidance panel of being located at described railing,

Described magnet stopper is the magnet stopper described in claim 7 or 8,

Described apparatus of passenger conveyor has for exporting the terminal of the output of described sensor at described guidance panel.

11. apparatus of passenger conveyor according to claim 9, is characterized in that,

Described magnet stopper is the magnet stopper described in claim 7 or 8,

Described apparatus of passenger conveyor has the Department of Communication Force to communication external by the output of described sensor.

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