CN103644648B - A kind of Large Copacity Circulating Fluidized Bed Hot Water Boiler of forced water circulation - Google Patents
A kind of Large Copacity Circulating Fluidized Bed Hot Water Boiler of forced water circulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种强制水循环的大容量循环流化床热水锅炉，它涉及一种流化床热水锅炉，以解决大容量循环流化床热水锅炉水循环安全性和停电保护的问题。给水分配集箱与下部省煤器连接，下部省煤器、中部省煤器、上部省煤器依次连接，上部省煤器与省煤器上集箱连接，省煤器上集箱通过省煤器包覆管与汇集水包连接，汇集水包通过下降管与水冷壁下集箱连接，水冷壁下集箱与炉膛水冷壁连接，炉膛水冷壁与水冷壁上集箱连接，水冷壁上集箱通过引出管与锅筒连接，给水分配集箱通过水冷套进水管与分离器水冷套连接，分离器水冷套通过水冷套出水管与锅筒连接，锅筒通过连通管与水冷壁下集箱连接，锅筒通过停电供水管与给水分配集箱连接。本发明用于大型集中供热采暖。
A large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler with forced water circulation relates to a fluidized bed hot water boiler to solve the problems of water circulation safety and power failure protection of the large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler. The water supply distribution header is connected to the lower economizer, the lower economizer, the middle economizer, and the upper economizer are connected in sequence, the upper economizer is connected to the upper header of the economizer, and the upper header of the economizer passes through the economizer The cover pipe of the device is connected with the collecting water bag, the collecting water bag is connected with the lower header of the water wall through the down pipe, the lower header of the water wall is connected with the water wall of the furnace, the water wall of the furnace is connected with the upper header of the water wall, and the upper header of the water wall is connected. The tank is connected to the drum through the outlet pipe, the water distribution header is connected to the separator water cooling jacket through the water cooling jacket inlet pipe, the separator water cooling jacket is connected to the drum through the water cooling jacket outlet pipe, and the boiler drum is connected to the lower header of the water cooling wall through the connecting pipe Connection, the drum is connected to the water distribution header through the power-off water supply pipe. The invention is used for large-scale central heating.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种循环流化床热水锅炉，具体涉及一种强制水循环的大容量循环流化床热水锅炉。The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler, in particular to a large capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler with forced water circulation.
背景技术Background technique
集中供热的发展使大容量循环流化床热水锅炉得到广泛应用。现有大容量循环流化床热水锅炉水循环系统复杂、水阻力大，存在水循环系统不安全的问题，水系统阻力过大还会造成电耗增加。通过本专利可以提高大容量循环流化床热水锅炉水循环安全性，避免锅炉因水循环不可靠导致的锅炉爆管事故发生，同时降低了锅炉水循环系统电耗，实现了停电自动保护功能。The development of central heating has made large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boilers widely used. The existing large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler has a complex water circulation system and high water resistance, which makes the water circulation system unsafe. Excessive resistance of the water system will also increase power consumption. This patent can improve the safety of the water circulation of large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boilers, avoid boiler tube burst accidents caused by unreliable water circulation, reduce the power consumption of the boiler water circulation system, and realize the automatic power failure protection function.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决大容量循环流化床热水锅炉水循环的安全性和停电保护问题，提供一种强制水循环的大容量循环流化床热水锅炉。The object of the present invention is to provide a large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler with forced water circulation in order to solve the problems of water circulation safety and power failure protection of the large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler.
一种强制水循环的大容量循环流化床热水锅炉包括给水分配集箱、下部省煤器、中部省煤器、上部省煤器、省煤器上集箱、省煤器包覆管、汇集水包、下降管、水冷壁下集箱、炉膛水冷壁、水冷壁上集箱、引出管、锅筒、连通管、水冷套进水管、分离器水冷套、水冷套出水管、停电供水管，给水分配集箱的一个出水端与下部省煤器连接，下部省煤器与中部省煤器连接，中部省煤器与上部省煤器连接，上部省煤器的出水端与省煤器上集箱连接，省煤器上集箱通过省煤器包覆管与汇集水包的进水口连接，汇集水包的出水口通过下降管与水冷壁下集箱进水口连接，水冷壁下集箱的出水口与炉膛水冷壁的进水口连接，炉膛水冷壁出水口与水冷壁上集箱进水口连接，水冷壁上集箱通过引出管与锅筒连接，给水分配集箱的另一个出水端通过水冷套进水管与分离器水冷套连接，分离器水冷套出水端通过水冷套出水管与锅筒连接，锅筒通过连通管与水冷壁下集箱连接，锅筒通过停电供水管与给水分配集箱连接。A large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler with forced water circulation includes a feed water distribution header, a lower economizer, a middle economizer, an upper economizer, an upper economizer header, an economizer coating pipe, a collection Water bag, downcomer, lower header of water cooling wall, furnace water cooling wall, upper header of water cooling wall, outlet pipe, drum, connecting pipe, water inlet pipe of water cooling jacket, water cooling jacket of separator, water outlet pipe of water cooling jacket, power failure water supply pipe, One water outlet of the water distribution header is connected to the lower economizer, the lower economizer is connected to the middle economizer, the middle economizer is connected to the upper economizer, and the water outlet of the upper economizer is connected to the upper economizer The upper header of the economizer is connected to the water inlet of the collecting water bag through the economizer coating pipe, and the water outlet of the collecting water bag is connected to the water inlet of the lower header of the water cooling wall through the down pipe, and the lower header of the water cooling wall The water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the water cooling wall of the furnace, the water outlet of the water cooling wall of the furnace is connected to the water inlet of the upper header of the water cooling wall, the upper header of the water cooling wall is connected to the drum through the outlet pipe, and the other water outlet of the water distribution header is passed through the water cooling The water inlet pipe of the sleeve is connected with the water cooling jacket of the separator, the water outlet end of the water cooling jacket of the separator is connected with the drum through the outlet pipe of the water cooling jacket, the drum is connected with the lower header of the water cooling wall through the connecting pipe, and the drum is connected with the water supply distribution header through the power failure water supply pipe connect.
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
一、本发明通过强制水循环流程和停电后再循环管的启用，保证了水流程各段的安全水速，实现了水循环的安全性要求；当停电发生时，锅炉水循环由强制循环变为自然循环，避免汽化、水击现象发生对锅炉及辅助设备的损坏，实现了停电保护功能。1. The present invention ensures the safe water speed of each section of the water flow through the forced water circulation process and the activation of the recirculation pipe after power failure, and realizes the safety requirements of the water circulation; when a power failure occurs, the boiler water circulation changes from forced circulation to natural circulation , to avoid damage to the boiler and auxiliary equipment caused by vaporization and water hammer, and realize the power failure protection function.
二、本发明在烟道中自下而上水平布置了下部省煤器、中部省煤器及上部省煤器，蛇形管结构的省煤器保证了同组管受热均匀，且省煤器自下而上与烟气成逆向流动，省煤器管内水流速≥1.4m/s，可将管内可能产生的气体及时带出，避免由于水循环不安全导致爆管事故的发生，使锅炉安全稳定运行。2. The present invention arranges the lower economizer, the middle economizer and the upper economizer horizontally in the flue from bottom to top. The economizer with serpentine tube structure ensures that the same group of tubes is evenly heated, and the economizer automatically Bottom to top flows in the opposite direction to the flue gas. The water flow rate in the economizer tube is ≥1.4m/s, which can take out the gas that may be generated in the tube in time, avoiding the occurrence of tube burst accidents due to unsafe water circulation, and making the boiler run safely and stably. .
三、下部省煤器、中部省煤器和上部省煤器为变截面、等烟速、免积灰结构，避免了省煤器积灰导致阻力增加、排烟温度升高的问题，彻底解决了省煤器管积灰、磨损、腐蚀的问题，保证锅炉高效连续运行。3. The lower economizer, the middle economizer and the upper economizer are variable cross-section, equal smoke velocity, and ash-free structures, which avoid the problems of increased resistance and increased exhaust gas temperature caused by ash accumulation in the economizer, and completely solve the problem The problem of dust accumulation, wear and corrosion of the economizer tube is solved, and the efficient and continuous operation of the boiler is ensured.
四、采用分离器水冷套结构，降低了返料温度，增加了锅炉受热面、防止了分离器水冷套内返料再燃后返料堵塞导致停炉等问题发生，减少锅炉返料故障率，使锅炉长期稳定可靠运行。4. The separator water-cooling jacket structure is adopted, which reduces the temperature of the return material, increases the heating surface of the boiler, prevents problems such as blockage of the return material in the water-cooling jacket of the separator after the recombustion of the return material, and causes the shutdown of the furnace, and reduces the failure rate of the boiler return material, so that The boiler operates stably and reliably for a long time.
五、本发明可使大容量循环流化床热水锅炉锅炉安全、高效、稳定的长期运行，具有节能、环保、低耗的良好效果。实现了节约电耗10%，节省燃料5%的效果，避免停电对锅炉及辅助设备的损坏，同时降低污染物排放，实现了节能减排、低碳环保、经济安全运行，有较好的经济效益和社会效益。5. The invention can make the large-capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler operate safely, efficiently and stably for a long time, and has good effects of energy saving, environmental protection and low consumption. It has achieved the effect of saving electricity consumption by 10%, saving fuel by 5%, avoiding damage to boilers and auxiliary equipment caused by power outages, and reducing pollutant emissions at the same time, realizing energy saving and emission reduction, low-carbon environmental protection, economical and safe operation, and better economical performance. benefits and social benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体结构主视图，图2是图1的A-A剖视图，图3是分离器水冷套16的结构主视图，图4是图3的俯视图，图5是图3的B-B剖视图。Fig. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a front view of the structure of the separator water cooling jacket 16, Fig. 4 is a top view of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view of B-B of Fig. 3 .
具体实施方式detailed description
具体实施方式一：结合图1～图5说明本实施方式，本实施方式包括给水分配集箱1、下部省煤器2、中部省煤器3、上部省煤器4、省煤器上集箱5、省煤器包覆管6、汇集水包7、下降管8、水冷壁下集箱9、炉膛水冷壁10、水冷壁上集箱11、引出管12、锅筒13、连通管14、水冷套进水管15、分离器水冷套16、水冷套出水管17、停电供水管18，给水分配集箱1的一个出水端与下部省煤器2连接，下部省煤器2与中部省煤器3连接，中部省煤器3与上部省煤器4连接，上部省煤器4的出水端与省煤器上集箱5连接，省煤器上集箱5通过省煤器包覆管6与汇集水包7的进水口连接，汇集水包7的出水口通过下降管8与水冷壁下集箱9进水口连接，水冷壁下集箱9的出水口与炉膛水冷壁10的进水口连接，炉膛水冷壁10出水口与水冷壁上集箱11进水口连接，水冷壁上集箱11通过引出管12与锅筒13连接，给水分配集箱1的另一个出水端通过水冷套进水管15与分离器水冷套16连接，分离器水冷套16出水端通过水冷套出水管17与锅筒13连接，锅筒13与供热管网连接，锅筒13通过连通管14与水冷壁下集箱9连接，锅筒13通过停电供水管18与给水分配集箱1连接。分离器水冷套16，实现分离器水冷结构降低循环物料温度，避免返料再燃对返料系统堵塞。Specific embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 5. This embodiment includes a water distribution header 1, a lower economizer 2, a middle economizer 3, an upper economizer 4, and an economizer upper header 5. Economizer cladding pipe 6, collecting water bag 7, downpipe 8, water wall lower header 9, furnace water wall 10, water wall upper header 11, outlet pipe 12, drum 13, connecting pipe 14, Water cooling jacket inlet pipe 15, separator water cooling jacket 16, water cooling jacket outlet pipe 17, power failure water supply pipe 18, one water outlet end of water supply distribution header 1 is connected to lower economizer 2, and lower economizer 2 is connected to middle economizer 3 connections, the middle economizer 3 is connected to the upper economizer 4, the water outlet of the upper economizer 4 is connected to the upper header 5 of the economizer, and the upper header 5 of the economizer is connected to the upper header 5 through the economizer coating pipe 6 The water inlet of the collection water bag 7 is connected, and the water outlet of the collection water bag 7 is connected with the water inlet of the lower header 9 of the water cooling wall through the downcomer 8, and the water outlet of the lower header 9 of the water cooling wall is connected with the water inlet of the furnace water wall 10, The water outlet of the furnace water wall 10 is connected to the water inlet of the header 11 on the water wall, the header 11 on the water wall is connected to the drum 13 through the outlet pipe 12, and the other water outlet of the water distribution header 1 is connected to the inlet pipe 15 of the water cooling jacket. The separator water cooling jacket 16 is connected, the water outlet end of the separator water cooling jacket 16 is connected to the drum 13 through the outlet pipe 17 of the water cooling jacket, the drum 13 is connected to the heating pipe network, and the drum 13 is connected to the lower header 9 of the water cooling wall through the connecting pipe 14 The drum 13 is connected to the water supply distribution header 1 through the power failure water supply pipe 18 . The water-cooling jacket 16 of the separator realizes the water-cooling structure of the separator to reduce the temperature of the circulating material, and prevents the reburning of the returned material from clogging the returning material system.
工作原理：working principle:
锅炉进水通过给水分配集箱1后一部分出水依次进入下部省煤器2、中部省煤器3和上部省煤器4，上部省煤器4出水经省煤器上集箱5进入具有防磨损的省煤器包覆管6后进入汇集水包7，汇集水包7出水经下降管8进入水冷壁下集箱9，水冷壁下集箱9出水经炉膛水冷壁10进入水冷壁上集箱11，水冷壁上集箱11通过引出管12进入锅筒13后进入供热管网。Boiler inlet water passes through feed water distribution header 1, and then part of the outlet water enters the lower economizer 2, middle economizer 3 and upper economizer 4 in turn, and the outlet water of the upper economizer 4 enters through the economizer upper header 5, which is wear-resistant The economizer coating pipe 6 enters the collection water bag 7, and the water outlet of the collection water bag 7 enters the lower header 9 of the water wall through the downcomer 8, and the water outlet of the lower header 9 of the water wall passes through the water wall 10 of the furnace and enters the upper header of the water wall 11. The header 11 on the water-cooled wall enters the drum 13 through the outlet pipe 12 and then enters the heating pipe network.
给水分配集箱1的另一部分出水经水冷套进水管15进入具有防止返料高温二次燃烧导致的堵塞返料的分离器水冷套16，分离器水冷套16出水通过水冷套出水管17进入锅筒13后进入供热管网。The other part of the outlet water of the water distribution header 1 enters the water cooling jacket 16 of the separator through the inlet pipe 15 of the water cooling jacket to prevent the blockage and return of the returned material caused by the high temperature secondary combustion, and the outlet water of the water cooling jacket 16 of the separator enters the pot through the outlet pipe 17 of the water cooling jacket After cylinder 13, it enters the heating pipe network.
当锅炉房突然停电后，锅筒13内水一部分通过自然循环经连通管14进入水冷壁下集箱9，水冷壁下集箱9出水经高温受热面炉膛水冷壁10后进入水冷壁上集箱11，水冷壁上集箱11出水经引出管12进入锅筒13。锅筒13内水的另一部分通过自然循环经过停电供水管18进入给水分配集箱1，给水分配集箱1一部分出水依次进入采用变截面等烟速避免积灰的节能型下部省煤器2、中部省煤器3和上部省煤器4，上部省煤器4出水经省煤器上集箱5进入防磨损的省煤器包覆管6后进入汇集水包7，汇集水包7出水经下降管8进入水冷壁下集箱9，水冷壁下集箱9出水经炉膛水冷壁10进入水冷壁上集箱11，水冷壁上集箱11通过引出管12进入锅筒13；给水分配集箱1另一部分水经水冷套进水管15进入分离器水冷套16，分离器水冷套16出水通过水冷套出水管16进入锅筒13。When the boiler room suddenly loses power, part of the water in the drum 13 enters the lower header 9 of the water wall through the connecting pipe 14 through natural circulation, and the water from the lower header 9 of the water wall passes through the water wall 10 of the furnace on the high-temperature heating surface and then enters the upper header of the water wall 11. The outlet water from the header 11 on the water wall enters the drum 13 through the outlet pipe 12. The other part of the water in the drum 13 enters the water supply distribution header 1 through the power failure water supply pipe 18 through natural circulation, and a part of the water outlet from the water supply distribution header 1 enters the energy-saving lower economizer 2, which uses variable cross-section and equal smoke velocity to avoid dust accumulation. The central economizer 3 and the upper economizer 4, the water from the upper economizer 4 enters the anti-wear economizer coating pipe 6 through the economizer upper header 5, and then enters the collection water bag 7, and the water outlet from the collection water bag 7 passes through The down pipe 8 enters the lower header 9 of the water wall, and the outlet water from the lower header 9 of the water wall enters the upper header 11 of the water wall through the water wall 10 of the furnace, and the upper header 11 of the water wall enters the drum 13 through the outlet pipe 12; the water distribution header 1 The other part of the water enters the separator water cooling jacket 16 through the water cooling jacket water inlet pipe 15, and the water outlet of the separator water cooling jacket 16 enters the drum 13 through the water cooling jacket outlet pipe 16.
停电后锅炉由强制循环实现自然循环，具有停电保护锅炉的功能，避免了高温水汽化后管内水击现象发生造成锅炉、受热面、管路的损坏。After a power failure, the boiler realizes natural circulation by forced circulation, which has the function of protecting the boiler from power failure, and avoids the damage of the boiler, heating surface and pipeline caused by the water hammer phenomenon in the tube after the high-temperature water is vaporized.
具体实施方式二：结合图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式的下降管8、水冷套进水管15、水冷套出水管17和停电供水管18上均安装有阀门。通过阀门关启实现停电保护功能。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1 . Valves are installed on the downcomer 8 , the water inlet pipe 15 of the water cooling jacket, the outlet pipe 17 of the water cooling jacket and the power failure water supply pipe 18 of this embodiment. The power failure protection function is realized by closing and opening the valve. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：结合图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式的下部省煤器2、中部省煤器3和上部省煤器4为变截面结构。变截面后实现了等烟速、免积灰的功能，避免了省煤器积灰导致阻力增加、排烟温度升高的问题，彻底解决了省煤器管积灰、磨损、腐蚀的问题。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一或二相同。Specific Embodiment Three: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 . The lower economizer 2 , the middle economizer 3 and the upper economizer 4 of this embodiment are variable-section structures. After the cross-section is changed, the functions of equal smoke velocity and no ash accumulation are realized, which avoids the problems of increased resistance and increased exhaust gas temperature caused by the ash accumulation of the economizer, and completely solves the problems of ash accumulation, wear and corrosion of the economizer tube. Other compositions and connections are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or 2.
具体实施方式四：结合图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式的锅筒13、停电供水管18、给水分配集箱1、水冷套进水管15、分离器水冷套16和水冷套出水管17构成单独的水循环回路。保证了分离器水冷套水循环安全。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式三相同。Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1 . The drum 13 of this embodiment, the power failure water supply pipe 18, the water distribution header 1, the water cooling jacket water inlet pipe 15, the separator water cooling jacket 16 and the water cooling jacket water outlet pipe 17 constitute Separate water circulation loop. The water circulation safety of the water cooling jacket of the separator is guaranteed. Other components and connections are the same as those in the third embodiment.
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| CN105890177B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2019-04-02 | 郑州锅炉股份有限公司 | With the forced circulation hot-water heating system from power-failure protecting function |
| CN105890159B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-08-21 | 北京热华能源科技有限公司 | The hot water circuit structure of built-in communicating pipe and multipath circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler |
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Denomination of invention: A large capacity circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler with forced water circulation Granted publication date: 20160203 Pledgee: China Merchants Bank Co.,Ltd. Harbin Branch Pledgor: HARBIN HONGGUANG BOILER GENERAL FACTORY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2025230000027 |