CN103639177A - Large air pyrolysis treatment device of urban domestic garbage - Google Patents
Large air pyrolysis treatment device of urban domestic garbage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103639177A CN103639177A CN201310703584.4A CN201310703584A CN103639177A CN 103639177 A CN103639177 A CN 103639177A CN 201310703584 A CN201310703584 A CN 201310703584A CN 103639177 A CN103639177 A CN 103639177A
- Authority
- CN
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- Prior art keywords
- air
- chamber
- main cabin
- intake stack
- transport tape
- Prior art date
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- 239000010813 municipal solid wastes Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002912 waste gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 claims description 92
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010494 dissociation reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substances Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refuse disposal installation, relate in particular to a kind of refuse pyrolysis treatment device.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of expanding economy, people's living standard, the rubbish producing in the production of daily life and all trades and professions, running is also more and more, and wherein include the organic matter rubbish of a lot of hard degradations, constantly become the pollution sources of damage to the environment; The increasingly attention of people to world environments simultaneously, how to safeguard that a green living environment has become a large problem of current world development, a large amount of house refuses of city output every day of our growing expansion are also the most important things in offal treatment therein, rationally and to handle the domestic wastes of a large amount of continuous outputs well be also a difficult problem safeguarding our urban environment environmental protection on environmental protection ground.
Traditional trash processing way mainly contains landfill, burning etc.Landfill can take the land resource of a large amount of preciousnesses, while contaminated environment (atmosphere, underground water etc.), thereby this simple process mode substantially no longer adopts.Compare with landfill disposal, waste incineration is a kind of good processing mode.By burning, not only volume reduces greatly, also can utilize and burn heat generating, the heat supply producing, and reaches the object of energy recycling.For example, but also there are a lot of problems in the direct burning of rubbish: (1) secondary pollution problem; The sour gas (HCl, HF, NOx etc.) that in rubbish composition, organic matter burn to produce is, the chloride macromolecular compound (general designation dioxin-like chemical) of severe toxicity and all can be to environment containing the flying dust of Hg, Pb.(2) burning facility damages problem; In rubbish, chlorine-containing compound forms the corrosive gas such as HCl in stove, above can heavy corrosion stove inner metal component at 300 ℃.(3) rubbish complicated, various different components have different density, shape, chemical property, catch fire and combustion characteristics, and they present different burning behaviors in incinerator, thereby are difficult to control combustion process.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of garbage incineration technology, as the refuse pyrolysis technology of waste incineration substitute technology, obtained development and application.Also have in the prior art and to utilize method for pyrolysis to process domestic waste, by the different pyrolysis of pyrolytic process controlled condition, can be divided into pyrolytic and gasification and pyrolysis two classes: pyrolytic refers to that solid organic waste substances adds the process of thermal decomposition under the condition of complete starvation, is a kind of proper pyrolytic process.Gasification and pyrolysis refers to supplies with a certain amount of air (oxygen), steam, enter pyrolysis oven, make combustible in debirs (comprising the fuel gas that combustible material in refuse and pyrolysis produce) partial combustion, and the heat producing with burning decomposes debirs, whole pyrolytic process can carry out by Automatic continuous, and without extraneous thermal source supply.Although refuse pyrolysis treatment device is applied at present, but also there is no a kind of large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device that can focus on a large amount of domestic wastes, this is obviously the urban environment, the urban culture that do not catch up with current fast development, it is colorful townie to become increasingly abundant.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the rubbish air pyrolysis treatment device that a kind of efficiency is higher, treating capacity is larger.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme adopting to be:
A kind of domestic waste large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device, comprise process chamber shell body, garbage inlet, processing ash discharger, air air-intake device and outlet port, in described process chamber shell body, be provided with the main cabin of process chamber and the cofferdam that is arranged at garbage inlet place, rubbish enters cofferdam from garbage inlet, then enter the main cabin of process chamber, between described cofferdam upper end and described garbage inlet, be provided with hatch door, between described cofferdam lower end and the described main cabin of process chamber, be provided with lower hatch door; On the top of described cofferdam, be provided with cofferdam Charge level measurer, be used for surveying and limiting the garbage feeding upper limit amount of described cofferdam; In the main cabin of described process chamber, below described lower hatch door, be provided with process chamber Charge level measurer, be used for surveying and limiting the garbage feeding upper limit amount in the main cabin of described process chamber; In the lower end in the described main cabin of process chamber, be provided with and process grey discharger;
In the main cabin of described process chamber by some layers of transport tape by space, main cabin be divided into from described hatch door to the grey discharger of described processing from top to bottom rubbish material can be in a zigzag a reciprocal transmission channel of circulation, in some layers of described transport tape, the transmission direction of two neighbouring transport tapes is contrary; On the inwall in the main cabin of process chamber of the described transport tape both sides parallel with transmission direction, be respectively fixedly installed the leak preventing matching with corresponding transport tape, to prevent having rubbish material to drain to lower one deck in transmitting procedure; Two ends at transport tape described in every one deck, one end matches and arranges and mate and be provided with leak preventing in the relevant position of the main cabin of described process chamber inwall with the inwall in the main cabin of described process chamber, between the inwall in the other end and the main cabin of described process chamber, leave the whereabouts passage of rubbish material, and the whereabouts passage of neighbouring two transport tapes is crisscross arranged, to guarantee to form the zigzag of the rubbish transmission channel that back and forth circulates;
In the main cabin of described process chamber, be provided with thermocouple, to detect the real time temperature in the main cabin of described process chamber;
Discarded outlet at top, the main cabin of described process chamber is provided with waste gas purification apparatus, after the waste gas with cleaning processing chamber, discharges;
Described air air-intake device comprises blower fan and intake stack, and air enters the described main cabin of process chamber by intake stack; On described intake stack, be provided with the charge flow rate valve of controlling air air intake flow;
On described intake stack, be preferably provided with magnetizer.
On described intake stack, being preferably provided with can be to the electric heater unit of the air heat in intake stack.
Between described waste gas purification apparatus and air air-intake device, be preferably also provided with heat exchanger, in described heat exchanger, be provided with two-way isolation and can fully carry out the gas passage of heat exchange each other, wherein the exhaust outlet of the air inlet of a road pipeline and described waste gas purification apparatus is connected; Another road is connected on the intake stack of described air air-intake device, its admission line is natural air import.
The transport tape that described intake stack is communicated to described in every one deck by some branches intake stack is inner, on the described branch's intake stack that is embedded in transport tape inside, is provided with air outlet; The top of described transport tape is provided with some air intake through holes with the position that corresponding branch intake stack matches, equably the air of intake stack is blowed to the rubbish material on this transport tape.
Transport tape top described in every one deck is respectively arranged with described thermocouple.
At described garbage inlet place, be preferably also provided with charging cabin, described one end, charging cabin is garbage inlet, one end is connected with described cofferdam by described upper hatch door, the volume of the volume in described charging cabin and described cofferdam matches, and the top in described charging cabin is provided with charging cabin Charge level measurer.
Air thermal dissociation treating apparatus of the present invention in actual use, we open upper hatch door to cofferdam during without rubbish, then by described garbage inlet constantly to garbage throwing material in cofferdam until rubbish position arrives the detection position of cofferdam Charge level measurer, then close hatch door and open lower hatch door to the main cabin throwing of described process chamber rubbish material, when reaching the detection position of described process chamber Charge level measurer, the rubbish material in the main cabin of process chamber closes lower hatch door, so just can be in the situation that the working environment in the main cabin of process chamber have been isolated to the input of rubbish material relatively, also prevent that rubbish from preventing that when entering foul smell and heat from leaking simultaneously.
In the main cabin of process chamber of the present invention, the zigzag of unique rubbish material consisting of the many transport tapes transmission channel that back and forth circulates makes rubbish material can obtain sufficient pyrolytic reaction in process chamber.The rubbish that the upper strata of multilayer transmission band enters is in environment temperature, cannot spontaneous combustion, and successively pyrolysis of organic matter in lower floor's rubbish heats up and reaches 350 ℃ of left and right, the heat rising enough toasts the rubbish on upper strata, therefore the present invention can utilize the pyrolysis of rubbish itself to heat up circulating-heating to process the follow-up rubbish entering, not only saved to greatest extent occupation of land space but also the maximum possible of pyrolysis processing and the most reasonably utilized refuse pyrolysis itself to produce heat energy, and greatly saved the energy, greatly improved pyrolysis efficiency.In addition rubbish in the walking process of multilayer transmission band, often fall one deck all through once rolling, improved incineration firing uniformity, improved pyrolytic reaction efficiency.
Described waste gas purification apparatus effectively purifies the dust waste gas of burning, to reach the discharge standard of national regulation.The magnetization pyrolysis of 6-9 hour of rubbish material process, the volume of rubbish can narrow down to 1/300, and the magnetization ash that magnetizes grey discharger discharge can be worked as the Fertilizer application of crops.
Thermocouple is equipped with on the top of every layer of rubbish, the pyrolysis temperature of observing and controlling rubbish, and when temperature is lower than when setting value, the air that electric heater auxiliary heating enters or charge flow rate observing and controlling valve strengthen air inflow, help the burning of rubbish; When pyrolysis temperature is higher than when setting value, charge flow rate observing and controlling valve reduces air inflow, suppresses the burning of rubbish, to control rubbish pyrolysis at the temperature of 350 ℃ of left and right, prevents that toxic and harmful from high temperature producing.By thermocouple, charge flow rate valve etc., form a Real-time Feedback TT&C system to pyrolysis processing environment temperature in the main cabin of process chamber, thereby guarantee a more reasonable pyrolysis environment efficiently of rubbish material.
The electric heater unit being arranged on intake stack makes to the hot air inlet adjustment of the environment temperature of pyrolysis processing more fast effectively, to make pyrolytic reaction more stable more efficient.
The magnetizer being arranged on intake stack makes the air that enters the main cabin of process chamber magnetize through magnetizer, through magnetized air, with a plurality of, from mesh transmission band bottom, up brush heating rubbish material and magnetized, magnetic air can reduce the required energy of pyrolysis greatly, improve the efficiency of pyrolysis, reduced the discharge of waste gas.
The heat exchanger arranging between described waste gas purification apparatus and air air-intake device; in the pyrolysis processing that makes to go out along with toxic emission, produce heat energy and obtained sufficient secondary utilization; and the heat energy running off in discharge is used again to pyrolysis air inlet system; the thermal efficiency and heat utilization efficiency have greatly been improved; also reduce exhaust emission, agreed with the environmental protection requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one of domestic waste large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is two of domestic waste large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is three of domestic waste large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of heat exchanger;
Fig. 5 is the air thermal dissociation treating apparatus structural representation with large-scale rubbish storage pond.
In figure:
1, process chamber shell body 2, garbage inlet 3, process grey discharger 4, air air-intake device
5, outlet port 6, the main cabin 7 of process chamber, cofferdam 8, upper hatch door
9, lower hatch door 10, cofferdam Charge level measurer 11, process chamber Charge level measurer
12, transport tape 13, leak preventing 14, thermocouple 15, waste gas purification apparatus
41, intake stack 42, charge flow rate valve 411, branch duct road 16, magnetizer
17, electric heater unit 18, heat exchanger 19, charging cabin 20, charging cabin Charge level measurer
21, rubbish material conveyance conduit 22, rubbish storage pond 23, feed conveyor belt
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 shows a kind of domestic waste large-scale air pyrolysis treatment device, comprise process chamber shell body 1, garbage inlet 2, process grey discharger 3, air air-intake device 4 and outlet port 5, in described process chamber shell body 1, be provided with the main cabin 6 of process chamber and the cofferdam 7 that is arranged at garbage inlet place, rubbish enters cofferdam 7 from garbage inlet 2, then enter the main cabin 6 of process chamber, between described cofferdam 7 upper ends and described garbage inlet 2, be provided with hatch door 8, between described cofferdam 7 lower ends and the described main cabin 6 of process chamber, be provided with lower hatch door 9, on the top of described cofferdam 7, be provided with cofferdam Charge level measurer 10, be used for surveying and limiting the garbage feeding upper limit amount of described cofferdam 7, in the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, below described lower hatch door 9, be provided with process chamber Charge level measurer 11, be used for surveying and limiting the garbage feeding upper limit amount in the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, in the lower end in the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, be provided with and process grey discharger 3,
In the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, by some layers of transport tape 12, space, main cabin is divided into hatch door 9 transmission channel that grey discharger 3, rubbish material can back and forth circulate in a zigzag from top to bottom to described processing from described, in described some layers of transport tape 12, the transmission direction of two neighbouring transport tapes 12 is contrary; On the inwall in the main cabin 6 of process chamber of described transport tape 12 both sides parallel with transmission direction, be respectively fixedly installed the leak preventing 13 matching with corresponding transport tape 12, to prevent having rubbish material to drain to lower one deck in transmitting procedure; Two ends at transport tape 12 described in every one deck, one end matches and arranges and mate and be provided with leak preventing 13 in the relevant position of the main cabin of described process chamber 7 inwalls with the inwall in the main cabin 7 of described process chamber, between the inwall in the other end and the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, leave the whereabouts passage of rubbish material, and the whereabouts passage of neighbouring two transport tapes 12 is crisscross arranged, to guarantee to form the zigzag of the rubbish transmission channel that back and forth circulates;
Above the transport tape 12 described in the interior every one deck in the main cabin 6 of described process chamber, be respectively arranged with thermocouple 14, to detect the real time temperature of every one deck transport tape 12 tops in the main cabin of described process chamber; Certainly the difference and described process chamber size and the difference to temperature control requirement that due to air-supply pipeline, arrange, the set-up mode of described thermocouple 14 also can be done accommodation, reduce or increase the setting of thermocouple 14, as long as can reach the environment temperature that the refuse pyrolysis in main cabin 6, feedback processing chamber is in time processed.
Discarded outlet at 6 tops, the main cabin of described process chamber is provided with waste gas purification apparatus 15, after the waste gas with cleaning processing chamber, discharges;
Described air air-intake device 4 comprises blower fan and intake stack 41, and air enters the described main cabin 6 of process chamber by intake stack; On described intake stack, be provided with control air air intake flow charge flow rate valve 42(we can select flow measuring and controlling valve, thereby directly charge flow rate is measured, is shown, to be more conducive to the regulation and control directly perceived of flow); The transport tape that described intake stack 41 is communicated to described in every one deck by some branches intake stack 411 is inner, on the described branch's intake stack 411 that is embedded in transport tape inside, is provided with air outlet; The top of described transport tape 12 is provided with some air intake through holes with the position that corresponding branch intake stack 411 matches, equably the air of intake stack is blowed to the rubbish material on this transport tape.
Certain above-mentioned ventilation shaft 41 comprises the version of branch's intake stack 411 and the version that branch's intake stack 411 is embedded in every one deck transport tape 12 inside varies in size according to process chamber and the adjustment of air intake mode also can adopt other conventional version.
The position that enters the main cabin of process chamber at branch's intake stack 411 of described intake stack 41 is provided with magnetizer 16 and electric heater unit 17, add magnetic to the air heat in air intake stack 41.Certain above-mentioned magnetizer 16 and electric heater unit 17 also can be arranged on other position of intake stack 41, because of the different of process chamber size and the requirement difference to inner treatment chamber pyrolysis processing environment, described magnetizer 16 and electric heater unit 17 also can be selected one or not select in addition.
As shown in Figure 4, between above-mentioned air air-intake device 4 and waste gas purification apparatus 15, be also provided with heat exchanger 18, in described heat exchanger 18, be provided with two-way isolation and can fully carry out the gas passage of heat exchange each other, wherein the exhaust outlet of the air inlet of a road pipeline and described waste gas purification apparatus 15 is connected; Another road is connected on the intake stack 41 of described air air-intake device 4, its admission line is natural air import.This heat exchanger can make full use of the heat energy of the waste gas of discharging after pyrolysis processing, is reused for the heating of pyrolysis air inlet system, has improved so widely the thermal efficiency and the heat utilization efficiency of equipment, reaches the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Can certainly the heat of waste gas be used for to other use by other heat utilization device, the air intake heating of empty its air-intake device 4 is by other mode of heating, so also can heat exchanger 18 be set according to the difference of design.
Above-mentioned air thermal dissociation treating apparatus in actual use, we can open hatch door 8, then pass through described garbage inlet 2 constantly to the interior garbage throwing material of cofferdam 7 until rubbish position arrives the detection position of cofferdam Charge level measurer 10, then close hatch door 8 and open lower hatch door 9 to the main cabin of described process chamber 6 throwing rubbish materials, when reaching the detection position of described process chamber Charge level measurer 11, the rubbish material in the main cabin 6 of process chamber closes lower hatch door 9, so just can be in the situation that the working environment in the main cabin 6 of process chamber have been isolated to the input of rubbish material relatively.
We in actual use procedure for the larger pyrolysis treatment device of some treating capacities, as shown in Figure 5, we are also provided with a charging cabin 19 at described garbage inlet place, described 19 one end, charging cabin are garbage inlet 2, one end is connected with described cofferdam 7 by described upper hatch door 8, the volume of the volume in described charging cabin 19 and described cofferdam 7 matches, and the top in described charging cabin 19 is provided with charging cabin Charge level measurer 20.
We just can connect some large-scale rubbish storage ponds 22 by above-mentioned charging cabin 19 like this: described garbage inlet 2 and a rubbish material conveyance conduit 21 are docked and connected, the other end of described rubbish material conveyance conduit 21 is rubbish storage pond 22, from rubbish storage pond 22 to by feed conveyor belt 23, rubbish material being inputted to the charging cabin 19 of described pyrolysis treatment device described garbage inlet 2.
A set of like this refuse treatment plant just can complete storage and the pyrolysis processing of a large amount of house refuses, first we can topple over the next rubbish material of transportation and be stored in described rubbish storage pond 22, after pyrolysis installation work, by described feed conveyor belt 23, rubbish is sent in charging cabin 19, until rubbish material arrives the detection position of described charging cabin Charge level measurer 20, feed conveyor belt 23 stops transmitting, then opening the rubbish that hatch door 8 matches volume renders in cofferdam 7, after close hatch door 8, then carry out the pyrolysis identical with the abovementioned steps step that feeds intake, then continue to open feed conveyor belt 23 to the interior feeding in charging cabin 19 ... complete continuous, the rubbish material isolation feed process of automation.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion by the described protection domain with claim.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310703584.4A CN103639177A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Large air pyrolysis treatment device of urban domestic garbage |
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| CN201310703584.4A CN103639177A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Large air pyrolysis treatment device of urban domestic garbage |
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| CN103639177A true CN103639177A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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