CN103636509B - Warm in winter and cool in summer type cultivation shed suitable for South China - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a warm-in-winter and cool-in-summer type nursery house suitable for southern regions, which comprises a breeding room surrounded by heat-insulating walls, a slatted floor arranged in the breeding room, and a roof covering the top of the breeding room. The heat insulation wall includes an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer arranged from the inside out, the inner layer is a glass wool layer, the middle layer is a hollow brick layer and an air layer; the outer layer is Bamboo row walls made of tubular moso bamboo; the roof has three layers from top to bottom, the uppermost layer is gray tiles, the middle layer is an air layer, and the lowermost layer is a glass wool ceiling. extension of the top of the insulated wall. Aiming at the characteristics of high temperature in summer and severe cold in winter in southern my country, the present invention realizes the suitable temperature (20°C) for the growth of piglets in nurseries in southern China, except for the energy consumption of ventilation and without additional energy consumption, by adopting heat-insulating walls and roofs with special structures. ℃-28℃), to ensure the healthy growth of piglets.

Description

A warm-winter-summer-cool nursery suitable for southern regions

technical field

The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry, in particular to a warm-in-winter and cool-in-summer type nursery house suitable for southern regions.

Background technique

The environment of the nursery is very important for the rearing of weaned piglets. At this stage, most of the open or semi-open nurseries are used in our country. In winter, the thermal insulation measures generally use infrared light bulbs to heat, use electric heating or hot water to heat the floor, and there are generally high costs, high power consumption, non-green energy saving, and thermal insulation effects. Poor question. The mass freezing of piglets in Jiaxing that broke out in the early spring of 2013 is a major example. However, the southern part of my country is hot in summer, and the continuous high temperature and sunny weather has caused many piglets to die due to high temperature resistance. The cost of raising piglets in pig farms has increased and the income has decreased. Therefore, based on the characteristics of high temperature in summer and severe cold in winter in southern my country, it has become an urgent problem to be solved to ensure that the nursery is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the temperature control is green, environmentally friendly and low in energy consumption.

The patent document with the publication number CN 202842063U discloses a nursery house with good heat preservation function, which includes a room body and a biogas lamp. The room body is made of plastic, adopts a fully enclosed structure, and is rectangular. There is a small door with ventilation holes on the top of the room, biogas lamps are installed on the top of the room, and foam boards are pasted on the walls of the room. There is a heat insulation board on the bottom of the floor, and there are sewage drains on both sides of the floor. The above-mentioned nursery house has the function of heating up and heat preservation, and the heat preservation measures are particularly rich, so that the gas consumption of the biogas lamp is reduced, and the purpose of energy saving is achieved. It can completely solve the vicious cycle of rapid heating and cooling. However, because the nursery house is made of plastic, on the one hand, the overall strength of the house is not enough; Consumption of biogas can be heated.

In order to increase the ventilation effect of the nursery and reduce the spread of piglet diseases, the patent document with the publication number CN201905112U discloses an environmentally friendly piglet nursery, which includes four walls and a ceiling. The gables at the left and right ends of the rear wall are provided with a number of front windows and rear windows respectively, and the gables on the left and right sides are respectively provided with entrances and exits. Above or below the top of the ceiling, and there are several skylights between the top of the front ceiling and the top of the rear ceiling; there are aisles on the inside of the front wall and the rear wall; the area between the front wall and the rear wall except the aisle It is a fermentation bed with a fence above the fermentation bed. There are pig food troughs between the fermentation bed and the aisles on the front and rear sides. The pig food troughs are respectively set directly under the front and rear frames of the fence, and a part of them protrudes correspondingly. beyond the borders of the fence. The nursery adopts a reasonable ventilation structure design, which improves the living environment of piglets. But this nursery house ignores the problem of heat preservation in the house, and cannot solve the technical problem of how to ensure the warm winter and cool summer of the nursery house that exists at present equally.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a warm-winter and cool-summer nursery suitable for southern regions. The nursery is aimed at the characteristics of high temperature in summer and severe cold in winter in southern my country, and adopts green and environmentally friendly thermal insulation design and summer cooling measures to ensure the growth of weaned piglets. Suitable temperature requirements greatly improve the quality of life of piglets.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solutions provided by the invention are as follows:

A warm-winter-cool-summer nursery suitable for southern regions, comprising a breeding room surrounded by heat-insulating walls, a slatted floor in the breeding room, and a heat-insulating roof on the top of the breeding room. The thermal insulation wall includes an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer arranged from the inside out, the inner layer is a glass wool layer and a waterproof layer, the middle layer is a hollow brick layer and an air layer; the outer The first layer is a bamboo row wall made of original moso bamboo. The roof has three layers from top to bottom. The uppermost layer is gray tiles, the middle layer is an air layer, and the lowermost layer is a glass wool ceiling. An extension to the top of the insulated wall described above.

In the hot summer, in order to avoid the temperature increase of the wall surface due to sunlight, as a preference, the length of the extension section should be sufficient. When the sunlight intensity is the strongest in summer, the extension section is enough to block the sunlight and avoid direct sunlight. When irradiated on the outer surface of the wall, since the height of the heat insulating wall is generally 2.2-2.6m, as a further preference, the horizontal length of the extension section is 60cm-75cm. While the extension section blocks the summer sun, it can also reduce the degree of wetness of the wall in rainy or snowy days.

The heat insulation wall can use a variety of heat insulation materials, and the thickness of the heat insulation material is generally determined according to actual needs. As a preference, in the heat insulation wall: the thickness of the glass wool layer is 90mm-120mm , the thickness of the hollow brick layer is 180mm-200mm, the thickness of the air layer is 15-25mm, and the thickness of the bamboo raft wall is 140-170mm. The wall of the bamboo row itself is a hollow structure, and at the same time, gaps are formed between the moso bamboos, which further increases the heat insulation strength, and at the same time increases the heat preservation performance of the nursery.

In hot summer, in order to further improve the reflection effect of the roof, preferably, the roof is 70-100 cm high, adopts a double-slope gray tile structure with a thickness of 15-25 mm, and the upper surface of the gray tiles is coated with white heat-insulating paint. Double-slope gray tiles have a large thermal resistance, low thermal conductivity, and obvious heat insulation effect; white paint can reflect more than 90% of sunlight in summer, directly reducing the temperature of the outer surface of the roof, thereby reducing heat entering the nursery Inside, the radiant energy is effectively reduced. In addition, after adding a sloping roof, its heat transfer coefficient will be significantly reduced, which can greatly improve the indoor thermal environment at the top of the building.

In order to increase the thermal insulation effect, preferably, the thickness of the glass wool ceiling in the roof is 180-250 mm. The glass wool suspended ceiling can also be selected from other thermal insulation materials. An air layer structure is formed between the roof and the glass wool ceiling, which further increases the thermal resistance of the roof part.

While improving the heat preservation effect, in order to ensure that the feces discharged by livestock and poultry are discharged in time, as a preference, the slatted floor is a reversible cleaning structure; the slatted floor part is made of stainless steel, and the width of the slatted floor is 10mm~ 13mm. The stainless steel slatted floor is corrosion-resistant, easy to wash, flat and smooth, and has a good slatted effect. At the same time, it is not easy to damage the skin of piglets and can protect pigs' feet to a certain extent. In order to observe the situation in the pig house in real time, preferably, the heat insulation wall is provided with a transparent double-layer glass pig house observation window.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

Aiming at the characteristics of high temperature in summer and severe cold in winter in southern my country, the present invention adopts heat-insulating walls and roofs with special structures to create suitable temperature for the growth of piglets (20 ℃-28℃), to ensure the healthy growth of piglets.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plane structural diagram of one side of the air outlet of the warm-winter-summer-cool type nursery house suitable for the southern regions of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the plan view of one side of the air inlet of the warm-winter-summer-cool type nursery house suitable for the southern region of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the indoor top view of the nursery shed which is warm in winter and cool in summer according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Gray tiles, 2. Air layer, 3. Glass wool ceiling, 4. Glass wool layer, 5. Hollow brick layer, 6. Air layer, 7. Bamboo raft wall, 8. Slatted floor, 9. Air exhaust outlet, 10, pig pen, 11, nursery house gate, 12, air inlet, 13, walkway, 14, food trough, 15, sewage trough, 16, pig house observation window.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

According to the environmental characteristics of southern China, when selecting the site for the nursery, the orientation of the nursery is set within the range of 30° east by south to 15° west by south, and it is built in a high and dry place so that the nursery is leeward Facing the sun can avoid excessive humidity in the house, which is conducive to cold protection in winter and reduces solar radiation in summer.

The plane structure of the nursery house involved in the present invention is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 . The specification of the nursery house is 12m in length x 5m in width x 2.2m in height, the roof height is 0.8m, and the total internal construction area is 60m ² . The arrangement of pigsty 10 is double-row single-passage formula, is divided into six hurdles altogether. On the east wall of the nursery house, there is a nursery house gate 11 with a height of 1.90 m, and the food trough 14 is located on the side near the aisle 13, which improves the space utilization rate of the pig house. The ground of the nursery is sloped 2% from the walkway to both sides to facilitate drainage. The design piglet feeding capacity is 120.

As shown in Figure 1, the nursery house roof that the present invention relates to has three layers from top to bottom, the uppermost layer is a gray tile 1, the middle layer is an air layer 2, and the lowermost layer is a glass wool ceiling 3. Gray tile 1 adopts a double-slope gray tile structure with a thickness of 20mm, and the upper surface of the gray tile is coated with white paint. The height of the roof is 0.80m, and there is a glass wool ceiling 3 with a thickness of 200mm, and the eaves extend 0.65m outward to form an extension. An air layer 2 is provided between the gray tile 1 and the glass wool ceiling 3 . The material used for the roof has a large thermal resistance value, a small thermal conductivity coefficient, and an obvious heat insulation effect. The upper surface of the gray tiles is coated with white paint, which can reflect more than 90% of the sunlight in summer and directly reduce the temperature of the outer surface of the roof, thereby reducing the heat entering the nursery and effectively reducing radiant energy. In addition, after adding a sloping roof, its heat transfer coefficient will be significantly reduced, which can greatly improve the indoor thermal environment at the top of the building. The eaves extend outward by 0.65m. When the solar radiation is the strongest and the solar elevation angle is the largest, it can block most of the sun-facing walls from solar radiation and reduce the temperature rise on the outer surface of the wall.

As shown in Figure 1, the heat insulation wall body of the nursery house that the present invention relates to is made of inner layer, middle layer and outer layer, and inner layer is glass wool layer 4 and waterproof layer, and thickness is 100mm; Middle layer is hollow brick layer 5 and The air layer 6, the thickness of the hollow brick layer is 190mm, the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow brick wall are smoothed by cement mortar, and the thickness of the air layer is 20mm; the outer layer is the bamboo row wall 7 made of tubular moso bamboo, with a thickness of 150mm.

The nursery house involved in the present invention adopts a slatted floor 8, and the slatted floor 8 can select a full slatted floor. Slatted floor 8 adopts stainless steel material, and the width of slatted is 10mm～13mm. Compared with similar cast iron slatted floors, stainless steel slatted floors are corrosion-resistant, easy to wash, smooth and smooth, and have good slatted effects. At the same time, it is not easy to damage the skin of piglets and can protect pigs' feet to a certain extent.

When it is cold in winter, 10cm thick straw is laid on 8 parts of the slatted floor to reduce the heat loss of conduction.

In summer, the nursery house involved in the present invention adopts a mechanical ventilation system, and the ventilation system includes an air inlet device and an air exhaust device. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the air inlet device is provided with an air inlet 12 with a micro-slit structure, which is located on the wall of the gate 11 of the nursery house. This height is conducive to maintaining a suitable temperature within the range of activity of the piglets. The double-glazed windows of *60 are used as the observation window 16 of the piglet house; the air outlet 9 of the air exhaust device is located at a height of 1.5m from the ground, as shown in Figure 2, the air outlet 9 is close to the roof 1, and a fan is arranged inside , so that the turbid gas flows out, and the normal exchange of air is realized. During high summer temperatures, the insulation used in the building itself blocks some of the heat. Only one fan is needed to adjust the ventilation rate of the fan through the fan guide plate. In summer, the excess heat load in the house is taken away, and in winter, excess water vapor, carbon dioxide, ammonia and other air pollutants are taken away.

Claims (1)

1. the cool in summer and warm in winter type nursery house of an applicable southern area, comprise surrounded by heat insulation wall receptacle, be located at the roof that slatted floor in receptacle and lid are located at receptacle top, it is characterized in that, described heat insulation wall comprises internal layer that from-inner-to-outer arranges, intermediate layer and skin, described internal layer is mineral wool layer and watertight composition, and described intermediate layer is hollow brick layer and air layer; Described skin is the bamboo raft metope be made up of the mao bamboon of tubulose; Described roof has three layers from top to bottom, and the superiors are grey tile, and intermediate layer is air layer, and orlop is mineral wool furred ceiling, and its outer rim is provided with the extension of stretching out described heat insulation wall top;

The height of described heat insulation wall is 2.2 ~ 2.6m; Described extension length is 60cm ~ 75cm;

In described heat insulation wall: the thickness of described mineral wool layer is 90mm ~ 120mm, the thickness of described hollow brick layer is 180mm ~ 200mm, and the thickness of described air layer is 15 ~ 25mm, and the thickness of described bamboo raft metope is 140 ~ 170mm;

High 70 ~ the 100cm in described roof, adopt double-pitch type grey tile structure, thickness is 15 ~ 25mm, and grey tile upper surface scribbles whitewash;

In described roof, mineral wool furred ceiling thickness is 180 ~ 250mm; Described slatted floor is turning cleaning type structure;

Described slatted floor is stainless steel, and the width of crack is 10mm ~ 13mm;

Described heat insulation wall is provided with the pig house observation window of transparent double glazing.