CN103621585B - Pesticide for killing aphides and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide for killing aphides and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103621585B CN103621585B CN201310715466.5A CN201310715466A CN103621585B CN 103621585 B CN103621585 B CN 103621585B CN 201310715466 A CN201310715466 A CN 201310715466A CN 103621585 B CN103621585 B CN 103621585B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural plant application, and in particular relates to a pesticide for killing aphides and a preparation method thereof. The pesticide is prepared from pure natural plants. The pesticide is prepared from the following raw material herbs in part by weight: 8-12 parts of nutgrass flatsedge, 8-12 parts of puccinellia tenuiflora, 8-12 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 8-12 parts of scandent hop. The preparation method of the pesticide for killing aphides comprises the following steps: extracting, separating and concentrating nutgrass flatsedge, puccinellia tenuiflora, folium artemisiae argyi and scandent hop and compatibly applying to obtain the environment-friendly natural green pesticide which has low aphis drug resistance, good effect of preventing and controlling pest, no environmental pollution and no residue.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to natural plants applied technical field, be specifically related to prepared by a kind of pure natural plant for agricultural chemicals killing aphid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aphid [black peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), melon aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, cabbage aphid Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) etc.], two spotted spider mite [Tetranychus cinnabarinus Tetranychuscinnabarinus (Boiduval), Mite T.truncates Ehara and Tetranychus urticae T.urticae Koch etc.] be the primary pest endangering vegetable category crop, along with the continuous expansion of global warming and Protectorate cultivation area, its harm caused is serious year by year.First high temperature can make it that radix occurs increases, and occurs to increase from generation to generation, and the place that protecting field has become insect to survive the winter in a large number and breed in the winter time.Secondly, in Protectorate cultivation, outside pest natural enemy is often isolated in, effect out of hand and that insect is bred is rapider.Due to its year, generation was many, generation overlap, production needed repeatedly prevent and treat just can prove effective.Use chemical pesticide in a large number for a long time, cause it to develop immunity to drugs to some chemical pesticide (as decis, sumicidin, Imidacloprid etc.), field efficacy sunlight work reduces.The mini pest such as aphid and two spotted spider mite has become object production being difficult to prevent and treat at present.
The botanical biological pesticide active ingredient of current China registration has matrine, nicotine, rotenone, pyrethrin etc. more than 10 to plant, matrine, oxymatrine, nicotine, jervine, pyrethrin etc. 5 kinds are had for the anti-active ingredient eliminated aphis, active ingredient for preventing and treating two spotted spider mite only has matrine, nicotine and rotenone 3 kinds, and the active ingredient of can hold concurrently anti-aphid and two spotted spider mite is also above-mentioned 3 kinds.And matrine, nicotine and trifoliate jewelvine alkali limit by planting area because of its raw material, resource-constrained, price is high.
Nutgrass flatsedge is the dry aerial parts of sedge nutgrass flatsedge (Cyperus rotundus L).Its underground rhizome is Chinese medicine rhizoma cyperi.It is born in patana, arable land, humidity place, waterside, roadside.Be distributed widely in China North China, Central-South, the southwestern and ground such as Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Taiwan.Sedge alias Hao Hou, fur, back green, wild leek, overnight, grass, small pumping trench trigonous, Mizu Ko, shrink the grass, through grass, maidenhair, cake, grass hanging horse brown soil, vanilla, green, triangular grass pig hair.Have activating QI to alleviate the depression, dispelling wind and arresting itching, effect of wide born of the same parents profit phlegm, control uncomfortable in chestly not relax, rubella itch, carbuncle be with pyogenic infections.Current nutgrass flatsedge is multiplex to be done medicinal, and mix once in a while and used animal feed inside animal feed forage, its extract used agricultural chemicals to be used for killing aphid, and there is not been reported.
Stinkgrass flower is the acrial part for grass family alkali thatch platymiscium Puccinellia tenuiflora Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn, perennial herb, fibrous root.Stalk is grown thickly, upright or base portion knee is bent, celadon, and high 30 ~ 60 centimetres, tool 3 ~ 4 saves.All there is distribution both at home and abroad.Its cauline leaf is higher containing protein, is the good forage of domestic animal and camel eating.Stinkgrass flower has a kind of special fragrance, insect is many does not like this fragrance.
Tarragon is the dried leaves of feverfew Chinese mugwort Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant..Pluck when summer, flower was not opened, removing impurity, dries.Be grown on the places such as roadside, meadow, wilderness.Also grower is had.The ground such as distribution Heilungkiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu.There is production in most of China area more.Tarragon has eliminating cold to stop pain, effect of warming channel for arresting bleeding, and for few abdomen crymodynia, through cold uncomfortable, palace is cold infertile, spits blood, bleeding from five sense organs or subcutaneous tissue, uterine bleeding through many, gestation hemorrhage; Control pruitus outward, decortication.Tarragon is always just in China's extensive utilization among the people, what have recuperates with its treatment, eating with it of having is allayed one's hunger, and what more have uses it as the keepsake exorcising evil spirits and heal, and purposes widely, up to now, many elder persons among the people also can compare tarragon and are deeply in love, and are considered as goodies, see usually it to be adopted and go home, dry reservation, for future use.And tarragon is also preferably growth, particularly in the hilly country of south China, on deserted mountain all over the fields all, grow very luxuriant.Pass on from one to another, existing over more than thousand year, whenever Dragon Boat Festival people eat pyramid-shaped dumpling dragon-boat racing commemorate bend former while, also can the tarragon collected be inserted on lintel, heal in order to exorcise evil spirits.Tarragon has special smell, and most insects does not like the smell of tarragon.
The herb of humulus grass Cannabaceae humulus plants humulus grass Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr..Also known as uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, drawing rattan, cairo morningglory root or leaf, the climing herbaceous plant of perennial stem.Humulus grass has clearing heat and detoxicating, effect of inducing diuresis to reduce edema, for pulmonary tuberculosis hectic fever, and enterogastritis, dysentery, cold, fever, difficult urination, pyelonephritis, acute nephritis, cystitis, stone in urinary system; Carbuncle furuncle poison is controlled in external application, eczema, venomous snake bite.China is except Xinjiang, Qinghai, and all there is distribution each provinces and regions, north and south.Often be born in limes marginis, wasteland, ruins, border limit.Humulus grass is common weed, has harmful effect to agricultural production etc.The growth of its stolon spreads rapidly, is often wrapped on crops or fruit tree, has a strong impact on the growth of other plant.Separately application on human skin easily to be damaged because of its hangnail, also can hinder human production activity.
Nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower, tarragon, the current many extensive of humulus grass, four share, and for the preparation of the agricultural chemicals killing aphid, there is not been reported.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is for providing a kind of pure natural plant source biological pesticide for killing aphid.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme:
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion:
Nutgrass flatsedge 8-12 part, stinkgrass flower 8-12 part, tarragon 8-12 part, humulus grass 8-12 part.
Preferably, the above-mentioned agricultural chemicals for killing aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion:
Nutgrass flatsedge 9-11 part, stinkgrass flower 9-11 part, tarragon 9-11 part, humulus grass 9-11 part.
Preferred, the above-mentioned agricultural chemicals for killing aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion:
Nutgrass flatsedge 10 parts, stinkgrass flower 10 parts, tarragon 10 parts, humulus grass 10 parts.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned agricultural chemicals for killing aphid, comprises following steps:
(1) nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower and tarragon are pulverized, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 120g bulk drug adds water wherein, adds hot reflux 1-2 hour, filters, obtains dregs of a decoction A and reflux extracting liquid A ';
(2) by dregs of a decoction A and the grass of the humulus after pulverizing, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 200g bulk drug adds water wherein, 1-2 hour is extracted in heating, and filter, filtrate is concentrated into 50% of total amount of liquid medicine, adding ethanol to concentration is 72-78%, precipitation 8-12 hour, filter, filtrate is for subsequent use as drug extract;
(3) drug extract that the reflux extracting liquid A ' step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio, to obtain final product.
Above-mentioned for killing in the agricultural chemicals of aphid, the grinding particle size of nutgrass flatsedge in step (1), stinkgrass flower and tarragon is 10-20 order.
Above-mentioned for killing in the agricultural chemicals of aphid, in step (2), the grinding particle size of humulus grass is 10-20 order.
Preferably, above-mentioned for killing in the agricultural chemicals of aphid, adding ethanol to concentration in step (2) is 75%.
Preferably, above-mentioned for killing in the agricultural chemicals of aphid, in step (2), the sedimentation time is 10 hours.
Agricultural chemicals for killing aphid of the present invention, for the control of melon or fruit type crops aphid, during use, according to 1:5 ratio thin up, is sprayed at crop surface.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, utilizing the present invention for killing the agricultural chemicals of aphid, doing three seasons, each season is parallel does three efficiency tests, investigates this agricultural chemicals, dichlorvos and the flolimat control efficiency to aphid.Test shows: test shows: the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid of the present invention was all better than chemical pesticide to aphid preventive effect from the 3rd day, by the 7th day, chemical drugs being better than to the control efficiency of aphid always, showing that aphid is low to the agricultural chemicals pesticide resistance for killing aphid of the present invention.
2, preparation method's production cost of the present invention is low, technological operation simple, and aphid drug resistance is low, pest control is effective, non-environmental-pollution to utilize preparation method of the present invention to obtain, noresidue, the natural green agricultural chemicals of environment-friendly type.
3, the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid of the present invention, its raw material all takes from weeds in field, and cost is low, improves the added value of these raw materials for the preparation of agricultural chemicals.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, so that those skilled in the art more understands the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of following bulk drug: nutgrass flatsedge 10kg, stinkgrass flower 10kg, tarragon 10kg, humulus grass 10kg.
(1) nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder are broken into 20 orders, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 120g bulk drug adds water wherein, adds hot reflux 1.5 hours, filters, obtains dregs of a decoction A and reflux extracting liquid A ';
(2) by dregs of a decoction A and be ground into the humulus after 20 orders grass, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 200g bulk drug adds water wherein, heating extraction 1.5 hours, filter, filtrate is concentrated into 50% of total amount of liquid medicine, adding ethanol to concentration is 75%, precipitate 10 hours, filter, filtrate is for subsequent use as drug extract;
(3) drug extract that the reflux extracting liquid A ' step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 2
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of following bulk drug: nutgrass flatsedge 9kg, stinkgrass flower 11kg, tarragon 9kg, humulus grass 11kg.
(1) nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder are broken into 10 orders, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 120g bulk drug adds water wherein, adds hot reflux 1 hour, filters, obtains dregs of a decoction A and reflux extracting liquid A ';
(2) by dregs of a decoction A and be ground into the humulus after 10 orders grass, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 200g bulk drug adds water wherein, heating extraction 2 hours, filter, filtrate is concentrated into 50% of total amount of liquid medicine, adding ethanol to concentration is 72%, precipitate 8 hours, filter, filtrate is for subsequent use as drug extract;
(3) drug extract that the reflux extracting liquid A ' step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 3
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of following bulk drug: nutgrass flatsedge 11kg, stinkgrass flower 9kg, tarragon 11kg, humulus grass 9kg.
(1) nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder are broken into 20 orders, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 120g bulk drug adds water wherein, adds hot reflux 2 hours, filters, obtains dregs of a decoction A and reflux extracting liquid A ';
(2) by dregs of a decoction A and be ground into the humulus after 20 orders grass, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 200g bulk drug adds water wherein, heating extraction 1 hour, filter, filtrate is concentrated into 50% of total amount of liquid medicine, adding ethanol to concentration is 78%, precipitate 12 hours, filter, filtrate is for subsequent use as drug extract;
(3) drug extract that the reflux extracting liquid A ' step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 4
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of following bulk drug: nutgrass flatsedge 8kg, stinkgrass flower 12kg, tarragon 8kg, humulus grass 12kg.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
For killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, this agricultural chemicals is made up of following bulk drug: nutgrass flatsedge 12kg, stinkgrass flower 8kg, tarragon 12kg, humulus grass 8kg.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The agricultural chemicals prepared by above-described embodiment and following medicament utilize efficiency test to contrast:
Embodiment of the present invention 1-5 group: the pesticide solution prepared of the embodiment of the present invention is according to the ratio thin up of 1:5, for subsequent use.
Therefore dichlorvos group: get in 75% event dichlorvos missible oil 1ml to 2000ml tun, adding distil water is diluted to 1500ml;
Rogor group: get in 48% omethoate emulsifiable solution 1ml to 2000ml tun, adding distil water is diluted to 1500ml;
Blank group: clear water.
Do the efficiency test in three seasons continuously, each season is parallel does three times, investigates agricultural chemicals of the present invention, dichlorvos and flolimat to control of aphids effect.Experimental result is as shown in table 1:
Wherein, borer population × 100% alive before Revision insect recluced rate (%)=(borer population of living after borer population-dispenser of living before dispenser)/dispenser.
Test shows: the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid of the present invention was all better than chemical pesticide to aphid preventive effect from the 3rd day, is better than chemical drugs by the 7th day to the control efficiency of aphid always, shows that aphid is low to the agricultural chemicals pesticide resistance for killing aphid of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. for killing an agricultural chemicals for aphid, it is characterized in that, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion:
Nutgrass flatsedge 8-12 part, stinkgrass flower 8-12 part, tarragon 8-12 part, humulus grass 8-12 part;
The preparation method of the described agricultural chemicals for killing aphid, is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
(1) nutgrass flatsedge, stinkgrass flower and tarragon are pulverized, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 120g bulk drug adds water wherein, adds hot reflux 1-2 hour, filters, obtains dregs of a decoction A and reflux extracting liquid A ';
(2) by dregs of a decoction A and the grass of the humulus after pulverizing, put into extractor, the ratio adding 1 premium on currency according to every 200g bulk drug adds water wherein, 1-2 hour is extracted in heating, and filter, filtrate is concentrated into 50% of total amount of liquid medicine, adding ethanol to concentration is 72-78%, precipitation 8-12 hour, filter, filtrate is for subsequent use as drug extract;
(3) drug extract that the reflux extracting liquid A ' step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio, to obtain final product.
2. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion: nutgrass flatsedge 9-11 part, stinkgrass flower 9-11 part, tarragon 9-11 part, humulus grass 9-11 part.
3. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 2, is characterized in that, this agricultural chemicals is made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion: nutgrass flatsedge 10 parts, stinkgrass flower 10 parts, tarragon 10 parts, humulus grass 10 parts.
4. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the grinding particle size of nutgrass flatsedge in step (1), stinkgrass flower and tarragon is 10-20 order.
5. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), the grinding particle size of humulus grass is 10-20 order.
6. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adding ethanol to concentration in step (2) is 75%.
7. the agricultural chemicals for killing aphid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), the sedimentation time is 10 hours.
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| CN105557778A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-05-11 | 广西大学 | Pesticide for killing pests and preparation method thereof |
| CN106135297A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of Folium Artemisiae Argyi Aqueous extracts preparation method for preventing and treating cotton aphid and using method |
| CN106561750A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州省蕙安农业科技发展有限公司 | Special vegetable insecticide for honeysuckle planting and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH0616516A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-01-25 | Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd | Insect pest controller |
| JP5415042B2 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2014-02-12 | 株式会社エス・ディー・エス バイオテック | Herbicidal composition and herbicidal method |
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| CN101336644A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2009-01-07 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Plant insecticide prepared by humulus and its preparing process horehound |
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