CN103595348A - Household photovoltaic intelligent control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a household photovoltaic intelligent control system, comprising: confluence lightning protector; energy storage battery; The charging and discharging process of the energy battery and the power supply for the DC load; the energy manager is connected with the DC bus and the one-way electric energy meter, which is used to transmit the electric energy in different directions according to the different states of the electric energy; the controller is connected with the photovoltaic controller , The one-way electric energy meter is connected with the energy manager, which is used to collect, process and output the power generation information of the photovoltaic module array, the charge and discharge information of the energy storage battery, and the power information, as well as for system parameter setting and operation control. The invention can avoid the large-scale system design and construction process of the photovoltaic application system, and there is no waste of electric energy.

Description

Household Photovoltaic Intelligent Control System

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization and electric energy conversion. Specifically, the present invention particularly relates to a household photovoltaic intelligent control system suitable for small organizations such as families and businesses.

Background technique

In modern society, non-renewable energy is consumed in large quantities, energy problems are becoming increasingly prominent, and the consumption of households, which are one of the main energy users, continues to increase. How to solve this increasingly serious problem, people continue to try to use photovoltaic technology to meet part of the energy consumption of the family. But have not finished a comparatively reasonable technical scheme at present. The general off-grid system is simple in design and low in cost, but its photovoltaic utilization rate is low, and a large number of batteries need to be configured for electric energy storage. At the same time, due to the uncertainty of energy consumption in the power system, the off-grid system has essential defects; and Most grid-connected systems have defects such as system complexity, high cost, and difficult implementation, which are not convenient for large-scale promotion.

For example, Chinese patent CN202364159U relates to a photovoltaic energy storage device, which can not only charge the battery, but also provide electric energy to the load and the grid. However, it does not consider the possibility that the electric energy should be provided to the DC load as a product. At the same time, the invention does not realize the optimal utilization of electric energy, resulting in a waste of electric energy. It can only use electric energy in different time periods, and the design is more ideal, without taking into account the solar energy. Determinism makes this design unable to meet the real application.

Chinese patent application CN102195523A relates to an intelligent solar photovoltaic power supply system, and Chinese patent CN201504107U relates to a portable household solar photovoltaic power supply. Grid photovoltaic system, when the battery pack is fixed, the photovoltaic utilization rate is low, and it cannot solve the excess electric energy generated when the lighting conditions are good, resulting in waste of electric energy, and the application prospect is limited.

Therefore, how to design a household photovoltaic intelligent control system, on the one hand, it should be easy to implement and reduce the manufacturing cost. demand, the control system is simple, highly integrated, occupies a small area, realizes seamless connection with the mains power grid and the household power system, and can operate with or without the mains power grid, which is what people need urgently. comprehensive problem solved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a household photovoltaic intelligent control system to solve the problems in the prior art such as complicated technical solutions or low energy utilization rate.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the technical solution of which is as follows:

A household photovoltaic intelligent control system, including: a confluence lightning protection device, the input end of which is used to connect with a photovoltaic module array, so as to converge the current from the photovoltaic module array and reduce the connection lines of the photovoltaic module array; an energy storage battery for storing and release electric energy; the photovoltaic controller is connected with the extended end of the confluence lightning arrester, a DC busbar and the energy storage battery for controlling the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery and supplying power for the DC load ; The one-way electric energy meter is used to connect with the AC electric load, and is used to record the electricity consumption information of the AC electric load; the energy manager is connected to the DC bus and the one-way electric energy meter, and is used to The state transmits electric energy in different directions; the controller is connected with the photovoltaic controller, the one-way electric energy meter and the energy manager, and is used to collect, process and output the power generation information of the photovoltaic module array, the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery information, power information, and for system parameter setting and operation control.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, it also includes: a two-way electric energy meter, connected between the mains grid and the energy manager, to record The grid-connected information and the information of using grid electric energy are connected with the controller.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, it also includes: a control cabinet, the confluence lightning protection device, photovoltaic controller, energy manager, energy storage battery, controller, two-way electric energy meter, one-way electric energy Meters and DC buses are integrated in the control cabinet.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the side wall of the control cabinet is provided with a photovoltaic power input terminal for connecting the photovoltaic array assembly and the confluence lightning arrester, and for connecting the mains grid and the The utility network input terminal of the two-way electric energy meter, the AC load electric terminal convenient for connecting the AC load and the unidirectional electric energy meter, and the DC load electric terminal convenient for connecting the DC electric load and the photovoltaic controller.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the energy storage battery is a lead-acid battery, a lithium-ion battery or a nickel-metal hydride battery.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the energy storage battery is a lithium ion battery.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the energy storage battery has a thermal insulation shell.

Preferably, the household photovoltaic intelligent control system further includes: a display connected to the controller for displaying information output by the controller.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the photovoltaic power input terminal is the input port of the power generated by the photovoltaic module array, including a positive wire, a negative wire and a lightning protection ground wire.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the DC load terminal is used to supply power to the DC load, and is provided with a freely switchable gear knob to output different voltages.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the display is an LED, OLED, LCD, CRT or digital tube display.

Preferably, in the household photovoltaic intelligent control system, the display is an LED display.

The invention provides a household photovoltaic intelligent control system, which can avoid the large-scale system design and construction process of the photovoltaic application system, and can meet the needs of small organizations such as families and businesses. Small in size, it can realize seamless connection with the mains grid and household power system, and can operate with or without the mains grid. It has strong adaptability and is convenient for market promotion. Today, when photovoltaic applications continue to be used in households, the present invention can well meet the needs of households, has broad prospects, and has great potential for promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front schematic diagram of the control cabinet of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a control cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the principle structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the preferred embodiment includes a control cabinet 5 and a bidirectional electric energy meter 11 located in the control cabinet 5, an energy manager 12, a unidirectional electric energy meter Table 13. Confluence surge protector 14, photovoltaic controller 15, energy storage battery 16, controller 17 (also called master controller), and DC bus 18. In order to show the application of this preferred embodiment, Fig. 1 also shows the mains power grid 4, photovoltaic module array 3, DC power load 21, AC power load 22, and as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, this preferred implementation The photovoltaic power input terminal 71 connected with the photovoltaic module array 3 of the example, the mains network input terminal 72 connected with the mains grid 4, the AC load power terminal 73 connected with the AC load 22, and the DC load 21 connected The connection ports such as the DC load terminal 74 are arranged on the side wall of the control cabinet 5, which is convenient to use, and the system can be established without opening the control cabinet 5.

As shown in Figure 1 again, the confluence surge protector 14 is connected between the photovoltaic module array 3 and the photovoltaic controller 15, which is used to gather the current from the photovoltaic module array, and at the same time reduce the contact between the photovoltaic module array 3 and the photovoltaic controller 15. The connecting wires between them are convenient for maintenance and improve reliability. It generally includes a lightning protector/circuit breaker, and is directly connected to the photovoltaic controller 15 by the lightning protector/circuit breaker. In this preferred embodiment, the grounding is performed through the input terminal 72 of the municipal network to ensure the electrical safety of the system.

The DC bus 18 is respectively connected with the photovoltaic controller 15 , the energy storage battery 16 and the energy manager 12 .

The photovoltaic controller 15 is connected to the bus surge protector 14 , the DC bus 18 and connected to the DC load 21 through the DC load terminal 74 . The energy storage battery 16 connected with the DC bus 18 is used for storing electric energy.

The energy manager 12 is connected to the DC bus 18 , the AC load 22 and the mains grid 4 , and is used to implement rectification and inversion functions to transmit power in different directions by detecting the power information of the DC bus 18 .

The two-way electric energy meter 11 is connected between the energy manager 12 and the mains power grid 4, and is used to detect the electric quantity, and respectively record the electric quantity on the grid and the electric consumption of the user. The one-way electric energy meter 13 is connected with the AC electric load 22 to record its electricity consumption information.

Energy storage battery 16 can be lead-acid battery, lithium-ion battery or nickel-metal hydride battery, when adopting lithium-ion battery, can improve the energy utilization rate of system, and energy storage battery 16 is positioned at a thermal insulation device, for example is positioned at having thermal insulation In the casing of the heat layer, the service life of the energy storage battery 16 is improved. In addition, the energy storage battery 16 has a detachable design, that is, its connecting wires and fixed structures are all detachable structures, which is convenient for replacement, maintenance and moving it to other places for use.

The controller 17 mainly controls the parameter settings of the energy manager 12, the photovoltaic controller 15, the two-way electric energy meter 11 and the one-way electric energy meter 13 connected to it, as well as related data collection and processing, etc., mainly including program control, data collection, data processing, etc. module, the data processing module collects the power generation information of the photovoltaic module array 3 through the photovoltaic controller 15, collects the charging and discharging information of the energy storage battery 16 through the photovoltaic controller 15 and the energy manager 12, and records the two-way electric energy meter 11 and the one-way electric energy meter 13 Among them, the two-way electric energy meter 11 records the electric energy information incorporated into and used in the mains power grid, and the one-way electric energy meter 13 records the electricity consumption information of the AC electric load.

The display 6 is connected with the controller 17 for displaying the operation interface of the controller 17, the aforementioned items of information, information processing results, etc. The display 6 is preferably an LED display, and may also be display devices such as OLED, LCD, CRT, and digital tubes.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, energy manager 12, photovoltaic controller 15, confluence lightning protection device 14, energy storage battery 16, controller 17, two-way electric energy meter 11, one-way electric energy meter 13, DC bus 18, display 6 is located in the control cabinet 5 with an integral structure, which can simplify the mechanical structure of this preferred embodiment, and is more convenient for transportation, installation and use. Preferably, the display 6 is located on the main viewing surface of the control cabinet 5, and the connection ports such as the photovoltaic power input terminal 71, the mains input terminal 72, the AC load power terminal 73, and the DC load power terminal 74 are arranged on the control cabinet 5. side. Further preferably, the photovoltaic power input terminal 71 is used as a port for inputting the power generated by the photovoltaic module array 3 into the control cabinet 5, which includes positive wires, negative wires and lightning protection ground wires to improve safety. The DC load terminal 74 is used to supply power to the DC load 21, and is provided with a knob for freely switching gears, and can output voltages of 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, etc. as required.

More specifically, in this preferred embodiment, the energy manager 12 transmits the electric energy in different directions according to different states of the electric energy. For example, when the sunshine conditions are good in summer, the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module array 3 can charge the energy storage battery 16 through the confluence lightning arrester 14, the photovoltaic controller 15, and the direct current bus 18, and store the electric energy in the energy storage battery 16. It can also supply power to the DC power load 21; when the generated electric energy is used to supply the energy storage battery 16 and the DC power load 21, and there is still a surplus, the controller 17 controls the energy management by detecting the power information on the DC bus 18 Converter 12 converts direct current into alternating current to directly supply power to AC load 22. Since energy manager 12 is also connected to mains power grid 4, when there is still power supply to AC load 22, the electric energy can be directly passed through energy manager 12. Realize grid connection and avoid waste of electric energy. On cloudy days or at night, the electric energy of the energy storage battery 16 supplies power to the DC load 21 through the photovoltaic controller 15 connected to the DC bus 18, and the energy manager 12 connected to the DC bus 18 supplies power to the AC load 22, The energy manager 12 inverts the direct current to alternating current. When there are many continuous cloudy and rainy days, when the energy storage battery 16 cannot meet the power demand of the load, the electric energy of the mains power grid 4 can supply power for the AC load 22 through the energy manager 12, charge the energy storage battery 16 through the DC bus 18, The DC load 21 is supplied with power via the photovoltaic controller 15 connected to the DC bus 18 to ensure the normal supply of electric energy.

In addition, when this preferred embodiment is not connected to the mains power grid 4, it only loses the function of incorporating excess electric energy into the public grid and using the public grid for insufficient power, but it will not affect the normal use of other functions. The example also becomes an off-grid photovoltaic system, therefore, this preferred embodiment is more practical, and can be used in urban areas with public power grids or remote mountainous areas without public power grids.

To sum up, the present invention and its preferred implementation mode adopt integrated integrated design, the system structure is simple, the design is ingenious, the cost of equipment and maintenance is low, the operation is convenient, it can run unattended for a long time, and the electric energy can be fully utilized without any Wasteful and, at the same time, beautiful and functional.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the control system of the present invention adopts modular combination, ingenious design, easy operation, automatic completion of the power transmission process, no manual operation, real-time transmission of system information, strong demonstration, and has grid-connected , Off-grid dual working mode, strong adaptability, no need for large-scale system design and construction, suitable for small organizations such as families, and convenient for large-scale promotion.

It can be known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be realized through other embodiments without departing from its spirit or essential features. Accordingly, the above-disclosed embodiments are, in all respects, illustrative and not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are embraced by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A household photovoltaic intelligent control system, characterized in that, comprising: Confluence surge protector, the input end is used to connect with the photovoltaic module array, so as to gather the current from the photovoltaic module array and reduce the connecting lines of the photovoltaic module array; Energy storage batteries for storing and releasing electrical energy; A photovoltaic controller, connected to the extended end of the confluence lightning protector, a DC bus and the energy storage battery, for controlling the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery and supplying power to DC loads; The one-way electric energy meter is used to connect with the AC load and record the power consumption information of the AC load; The energy manager is connected to the DC bus and the one-way electric energy meter, and is used to transmit electric energy in different directions according to different states of electric energy; The controller is connected with the photovoltaic controller, the one-way electric energy meter and the energy manager, and is used to collect, process and output the power generation information of the photovoltaic module array, the charge and discharge information of the energy storage battery, and the power information for System parameter setting, operation control. 2. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, further comprising: The two-way electric energy meter is connected between the mains grid and the energy manager to record the grid-connected information of the power generated by the photovoltaic array components to the mains grid and the information of using the mains grid power, and communicate with the controller connect. 3. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 2, further comprising: a control cabinet, the confluence lightning protection device, photovoltaic controller, energy manager, energy storage battery, controller, two-way electric energy Meter, one-way electric energy meter and DC bus are integrated in the control cabinet. 4. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the side wall of the control cabinet is provided with a photovoltaic power input terminal for easy connection between the photovoltaic array assembly and the confluence lightning arrester, which is convenient for connection Mains power grid and the mains input terminal of the bidirectional electric energy meter, the AC load electric terminal for connecting the AC electric load and the one-way electric energy meter, and the direct current load for connecting the DC electric load and the photovoltaic controller electricity terminal. 5. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage battery is a lead-acid battery, a lithium-ion battery or a nickel-metal hydride battery. 6 . The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1 , wherein the energy storage battery has a thermal insulation shell. 7 . 7. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, further comprising: a display, connected to the controller, for displaying information output by the controller. 8. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the photovoltaic power input terminal is the input port of the power generated by the photovoltaic module array, including a positive lead wire, a negative lead lead and a lightning protection ground wire. 9. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 4, wherein the DC load terminal is used to supply power to the DC load, and is provided with a free switching gear knob to output different voltages . 10. The household photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 7, wherein the display is an LED, OLED, LCD, CRT or digital tube display.

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