CN103556094B - Utilize the method for precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar - Google Patents
Utilize the method for precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN103556094B CN103556094B CN201310538237.0A CN201310538237A CN103556094B CN 103556094 B CN103556094 B CN 103556094B CN 201310538237 A CN201310538237 A CN 201310538237A CN 103556094 B CN103556094 B CN 103556094B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, described method comprises heating, forging and cooling to obtain finished product bar, wherein, in forging process: control to open forging temperature >=850 DEG C; The controlled forge process frequency, to control the temperature ascensional range of bar; Every time the deflection controlled except last forging passage is 10% ~ 25%, and every time the deflection of uniformly distributing except last forging passage; Adopt forging passage between pause cooling, no longer rise with the temperature of bar and≤840 DEG C be as the criterion.According to method of the present invention, existing blank can be utilized to produce high-quality TC4 bar efficiently, to meet the needs of φ 100 ~ 200mm low cost production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metal forging field, specifically, relate to a kind of method utilizing precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, be applicable to the production utilizing blank forging bar.
Background technology
The excellent performance of titanium or titanium alloy, can be widely applied to the industry-by-industry of national economy, but due to the selling at exorbitant prices of titanium or titanium alloy, thus hinders the popularization of its application.Therefore, in the urgent need to adopting low cost production technology to produce titanium alloy.TC4 titanium alloy rod bar is an important material type in titanium alloy.The need of production surface quality of low cost is better, forging size more accurately, can high efficiency production and the forging manufacturing technique of reliable in quality.The appearance of precise forging machine, provides good condition for achieving the above object.
The productive prospecting of precise forging machine is that surface quality is good, size accurate, the forging frequency is high.The forging frequency is high will produce larger deformation heat, is beneficial to the guarantee of forging temperature, thus ensures the performance of forging product.For titanium alloy, it be made to obtain good tissue, just need the temperature forging below beta transformation point, and every fiery deflection will reach more than 40%.But the technical process utilizing precise forging machine to forge TC4 titanium alloy is at present: right cylinder titanium ingot → longitudinal direction pulling → finished product bar, under the forging process of this high-speed great-deformation, will produce larger heat.The heat on surface easily scatters and disappears, but the heat transfer coefficient of TC4 titanium alloy is low, and the heat in heart portion passes to surperficial scattering and disappearing needs certain hour, and the specific heat capacity of TC4 titanium alloy is little, and a small amount of heat accumulation will make temperature rise.Therefore, if the cooling in forging process not between the controlled forge process frequency and forging passage, blank is very easy to exceed beta transus temperature and causes tissue deterioration, make TC4 titanium alloy under these conditions after precise forging machine forging, often there is the situation such as uneven microstructure, coarse grains, thus reduce the performance of TC4 titanium alloy.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B respectively illustrates the top layer of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar produced according to prior art and the metallographic structure in heart portion.As can be seen from Figure 1A, the extexine of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar is equiaxed structure, as can be seen from Figure 1B, there is β crystal boundary in the centre portions of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, that is, the textura epidermoidea of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar produced according to prior art is qualified but centre portions is defective because there is β crystal boundary, thus causes bar to be scrapped, and adds production cost.
Therefore, need to study a kind of new TC4 titanium alloy rod bar precise forging machine forging process, homogeneous microstructure inside and outside the bar making forging, to meet the need of production of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new TC4 titanium alloy rod bar precise forging machine forging process, utilize existing blank, produce high-quality TC4 titanium alloy rod bar efficiently, to meet the needs of φ 100 ~ 200mm low cost production.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of method utilizing precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, described method comprises heating, forging and cooling to obtain finished product bar, wherein, in forging process: control to open forging temperature >=850 DEG C; The controlled forge process frequency, to control the temperature ascensional range of bar; Every time the deflection controlled except last forging passage is 10% ~ 25%, and every time the deflection of uniformly distributing except last forging passage; Adopt forging passage between pause cooling, no longer rise with the temperature of bar and≤840 DEG C be as the criterion.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of the controlled forge process frequency can comprise: in the first forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 180 times/min, forge in passage second and the 3rd, the controlled forge process frequency is 90 times/min, and in the passage except the first to the 3rd forging passage and last forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 60 times/min, in the end in a forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 240 times/min.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the end the deflection of a forging passage control bar is 5% ~ 10%, to carry out end shaping.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the time of the cooling that pauses between forging passage can be 2 minutes ~ 3 minutes.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in heating steps, it can be 930 ± 10 DEG C by heating and temperature control, to obtain equiaxed structure.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical workpiece can be utilized to produce described TC4 titanium alloy rod bar.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the size of blank can be set as by total deformation >=60% forged to final alloy bar.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A and Figure 1B is the photo respectively illustrating the top layer of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar produced according to prior art and the metallographic structure in heart portion.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B is the photo respectively illustrating the top layer of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar that exemplary embodiment according to the present invention is produced and the metallographic structure in heart portion.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of precise forging machine forging process of novel TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, its TC4 titanium alloy rod bar by utilizing existing blank can produce high-quality efficiently, thus meet the needs of low cost production.
Precise forging machine technique according to TC4 titanium alloy rod bar of the present invention will be described in detail belows.
According to the present invention, the technical process of the precise forging machine technique of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar is as follows: cylindrical workpiece → heating → utilize precise forging machine carries out multi-pass forging → finished product bar.
Specifically, according to the precise forging machine technique of TC4 titanium alloy rod bar of the present invention, adopt the blank forging and make, its cross section is square or circular, surperficial non-scale, zero defect.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, billet size need ensure by total deformation >=60% forged to finished product.
Then, blank is heated.In heating process, controlling Heating temperature is 930 ± 10 DEG C, and heat-up time can determine according to billet size, is as the criterion with blank heat penetration, thus makes the interior tissue of blank be equiaxed structure.By heating and temperature control for this temperature range be why because: Heating temperature can not be too high: except consideration transformation temperature, the temperature rise that also will cause for precise forging machine leaves enough spaces, with ensure intensification that forging deformation causes can not make blank temperature close to or exceed transformation temperature.For ensureing to open forging temperature, Heating temperature can not be too low: as previously mentioned, and discharging process blank temperature will inevitably decline, if Heating temperature is too low, forging temperature will be caused out not enough.According to the present invention, batch-type furnace can be adopted as heating installation, wherein, adopt heated by natural gas or electrically heated, those skilled in the art can select according to practical situation under the teachings of the present invention voluntarily.
According to the present invention, after by blank heating to preset temperature, blank is forged, to obtain required size.In forging step, control to open forging temperature >=850 DEG C, to guarantee smooth forging, blank surface does not ftracture.In the present invention, the object controlling to open forging temperature is to prevent initial forging temperature too low, and to ensure forging property, therefore generally only need control temperature lower limit, the lowest temperature lower than setting just can not carry out having forged.The upper limit opening forging temperature is determined by blank heating temperature and process of coming out of the stove: blank is come out of the stove after completing heating forging, forging equipment need be transferred to from process furnace could forge, this process is called discharging, in discharging process, blank temperature must decline, the amplitude declined depends on the length of discharging time, time is longer, and temperature fall is larger, thus when causing out forging blank temperature lower than Heating temperature.Therefore, in actual mechanical process, require that discharging time is short as much as possible, reduce amplitude to reduce temperature, and can not deliberately go regulation to open forging upper temperature limit.
In addition, according to the present invention, in forging process, the controlled forge process frequency, the amplitude risen with control temperature.According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the forging frequency that can control the first forging passage is 180 times/min, the forging frequency of the second forging passage and the 3rd forging passage is 90 times/min, the forging frequency of forging passage is subsequently 60 times/min, the forging frequency of end shaping (last forges passage) is 240 times/min, so that the temperature ascensional range of forging material in forging process can be controlled well, and TC4 alloy can not be made in forging process to exceed beta transus temperature.
In addition, according to the present invention, in forging process, the deflection controlling every time (last forging passage except) is 10% ~ 25%, and every time the deflection except last forges passage is tried one's best equilibrium assignment.If pass deformation is more than 25%, then bar can be made to heat up excessive, will close to alloy beta transformation point, cause organizing defective; On the other hand, if pass deformation is lower than 10%, then production efficiency can be made too low, thus add production cost.Therefore, according to the present invention, pass deformation during forging is set as 10 ~ 25%, concrete numerical value can be determined according to the size of the size of blank and finished product bar.In addition, in forging step according to the present invention, adopting end shaping, that is, is 5% ~ 10% by the deformation amount controlling that last passage is forged, and carries out the finishing on surface and the fixing of size, to obtain good surface and accurate size.Preferably, the forging diameter dimension 5 ~ 10mm larger than aimed dia size of bar is controlled, for bar machining reserves surplus.Here, the road number of times of forging is not specifically limited, and those skilled in the art specifically can determine the road number of times of forging under the teachings of the present invention according to capacity of equipment.
In addition, according to the present invention, adopt multi-pass small deformation amount and control total deformation >=60%, therefore, different from existing forging process, forging according to the present invention only need once heat the forging of bar, and forging time is short.Owing to have employed the deformation process of multi-pass small deformation amount, make blank in deformation process, have the sufficient dynamic recrystallization time, alleviate deformation strengthening and stress concentration that drastic deformation causes, can effectively prevent blank from ftractureing, decrease waste product, thus improve surface quality and lumber recovery.
According to the present invention, in forging process, also adopt pause cooling between forging passage.Specifically, in forging process, often having forged a passage need pause predetermined time, no longer rise with the surface temperature of bar and≤840 DEG C be as the criterion.The object done like this enables the heat in blank centre fully lost, thus reduce heart portion temperature.Because TC4 titanium alloy specific heat capacity is little so the deformation heat that forging produces is easy to make temperature increase, and heat transfer coefficient is low, heart portion heat passes to surperficial scattering and disappearing needs certain hour again, therefore, if carry out the forging of lower a time at once, the temperature in heart portion will accumulate rising, causes core structure defective.According to the present invention, forging passage between pause cooling the concrete time no longer rise with surface temperature and≤840 DEG C be as the criterion, the forging of lower a time can be carried out after reaching this condition again.According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the time of often having forged a passage pause can be 2 ~ 3 minutes.Therefore, according to the present invention, by adopting passage pause several minutes, the uniformity of temperature profile of bar can be made, the very large improvement that the homogeneity of tissue also obtains.
In addition, according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, 18MN radial forging can be adopted as forging equipment.But the present invention is not limited thereto, those skilled in the art can select suitable precise forging machine to forge under the teachings of the present invention.
Finally, after forging completes, by the bar air cooling of forging gained.After cooling, after completing relevant treatment (as thermal treatment, aligning etc.), surperficial car light is to target size.So far, complete the production of TC4 alloy bar material, thus obtain finished product bar.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B is the photo respectively illustrating the top layer of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar that exemplary embodiment according to the present invention is produced and the metallographic structure in heart portion.As can be seen from Fig. 2 A, the textura epidermoidea of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar adopting method of the present invention to produce is even, is equiaxed structure, simultaneously, as can be seen from Fig. 2 B, the core structure of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar adopting method of the present invention to produce is even, is also equiaxed structure.Therefore, according to method of the present invention, due to uniformity of temperature profile in forging process, so the bar of forging can obtain good tissue and be evenly distributed (as shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B), good being organized as obtains good performance and has established solid basis.
In addition, according to method of the present invention, decrease forging time, improve production efficiency.Under the prerequisite ensureing total deformation >=60%, according to the present invention, this forging only need once heat, and the forging time of a bar is only 20 ~ 30min, and can ensure good quality.According to original forging, quality can not ensure, rejection number is large, while increasing cost, too increases the production time.According to other forging mode, under the condition of identical deflection, need heating more than 2 times, forging time also will reach more than 40min.
The present invention is explained in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Take the length of side as the bar of the blank forging φ 200mm of 320mm, total deformation is 69%.Adopt the blank of following parameters: cross section is square, and the length of side is 320mm, and length is 2.45m, and weight is 1100kg.Controlling the Heating temperature of blank is 930 ± 10 DEG C.Then, forge the blank after heating, wherein, opening forging temperature is 860 DEG C, and forging process as shown in Table 1 below.Finally, carry out relevant treatment to finished product bar, car light is to φ 200mm.Through inspection, the inside and outside homogeneous microstructure of gained bar.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
With the bar of the blank forging φ 100mm of φ 200mm, total deformation is 75%.Adopt the blank of following parameters: diameter phi 200mm, length is 2.0m, and weight is 280kg.Controlling the Heating temperature of blank is 930 ± 10 DEG C.Then, forge the blank after heating, wherein, opening forging temperature is 850 DEG C, and forging process as shown in Table 2 below.Finally, carry out relevant treatment to finished product bar, car light is to φ 100mm.Through inspection, the inside and outside homogeneous microstructure of gained bar.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
With the bar of the blank forging φ 120mm of φ 200mm, total deformation is 64%.Adopt the blank of following parameters: diameter phi 200mm, length is 1.7m, and weight is 238kg.Controlling the Heating temperature of blank is 930 ± 10 DEG C.Then, forge the blank after heating, wherein, opening forging temperature is 850 DEG C, and forging process as shown in Table 3 below.Finally, carry out relevant treatment to finished product bar, car light is to φ 120mm.Through inspection, the inside and outside homogeneous microstructure of gained bar.
Table 3
As can be seen from embodiment 1-3 above, the textura epidermoidea of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar that method according to the present invention obtains and core structure are equiaxed structure, and though the top layer of the TC4 titanium alloy rod bar obtained according to existing forging method is equiaxed structure (see Figure 1A), but there is β crystal boundary (see Figure 1B) in heart portion, thus causes the off quality of bar.Therefore, according to the present invention, by adopting the deformation process of multi-pass small deformation amount, make blank in deformation process, have the sufficient dynamic recrystallization time, alleviate deformation strengthening and stress concentration that drastic deformation causes, can effectively prevent blank from ftractureing, decrease waste product, thus improve surface quality and lumber recovery.Meanwhile, according to the present invention, passage pause several minutes makes bar temp be evenly distributed, and the homogeneity of tissue have also been obtained very large improvement.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant and combination to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. utilize a method for precise forging machine forging TC4 titanium alloy rod bar, described method comprises heating, forging and cooling to obtain finished product bar, it is characterized in that, in forging process: control to open forging temperature >=850 DEG C; The controlled forge process frequency, to control the temperature ascensional range of bar; Every time the deflection controlled except last forging passage is 10% ~ 25%, and every time the deflection of uniformly distributing except last forging passage; Adopt forging passage between pause cooling, no longer rise with the temperature of bar and≤840 DEG C be as the criterion.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step of the controlled forge process frequency comprises: in the first forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 180 times/min, and in the second forging passage and the 3rd forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 90 times/min, in the passage except the first forging passage to the 3rd forging passage and last forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 60 times/min, and in the end in a forging passage, the controlled forge process frequency is 240 times/min.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the end a forging passage, and the deflection controlling bar is 5% ~ 10%, to carry out end shaping.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the time of the cooling that pauses between forging passage is 2 minutes ~ 3 minutes.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in heating steps, controlling Heating temperature is 930 ± 10 DEG C.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, utilizes cylindrical workpiece to produce described TC4 titanium alloy rod bar.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the size of cylindrical workpiece is set as ensureing total deformation >=60% by forging to finished product.
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| CN103920846B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-01-27 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method |
| CN110605353B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-19 | 江苏天工科技股份有限公司 | Efficient short-flow precision forging and cogging process for titanium and titanium alloy ingots |
| CN110614338B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-01-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Forging method of GH4169 alloy steel round bar |
| CN113579133B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-07-18 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | Free forging method for uniform control of titanium alloy structure |
| CN111889597A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钛材有限公司江油分公司 | Forging method of TC4 titanium alloy large-size bar |
| CN112453302A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钛材有限公司江油分公司 | Method for forging titanium alloy TC11 step shaft by using radial forging press |
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| CN102260805B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2013-06-05 | 燕山大学 | Zirconium titanium based alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102943228B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Machining method for improving obdurability of two-phase titanium alloy large-size bar |
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