CN103542039A

CN103542039A - Switching mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN103542039A
Application number: CN201310521899.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董楠; 姚涛; 刘威; 刘峰; 赵建荣
Original assignee: 710th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 710th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2013-10-29
Filing date: 2013-10-29
Publication date: 2014-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-29
Also published as: CN103542039B

Abstract

The invention provides a switching mechanism. Direction manual operation and height manual operation are switched by controlling input gears to be engaged with different output gears, the switching mechanism has a state self-locking function after switching, and different switch signals are provided. The switching mechanism comprises a switching handle, a pull rod, a hand wheel, a transition gear, a gear A, a base plate, an output shaft A, a pressure plate, a switch mounting frame, a gear B, an output shaft B, a gear C, a box, a pressure spring A, a shaft sleeve, a connecting shaft, a sleeve and the like. The switching mechanism has two engagement states: an emission device is under the working condition of height manual operation and direction electric operation in the first engagement state; the emission device is under the working condition of direction manual operation in the second engagement state. By controlling the input gears to be engaged with the output gears and automatically inserting a pin into a slot of the transition gear, direction manual operation and height manual operation of the emission device are switched, microswitch contacts do not contact with a rotatable part, and the service life of a switch is prolonged.

Description

A kind of switching mechanism

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of switching mechanism, belong to mechanical designing technique field.

Background technique

Manually, electric rotating converting mechanism is the important component part of launcher, is mainly used in manually (being manual tune direction attitude)/direction electronic (the being motorized adjustment direction attitude) conversion of launcher direction; Simultaneously for control apparatus provides corresponding switching signal.Switching mechanism of the prior art can only realize direction manually and the conversion of direction between electronic, and under the manual operating mode of direction, the contact of sensitive switch contacts with rotatable parts all the time, has reduced the working life of sensitive switch.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the invention provides a kind of switching mechanism, it meshes from different output gears by control inputs gear, realizes direction manual, and the switching between height is manual after having switched, provides different switching signals simultaneously.

This switching mechanism comprises: transfer handle, pull bar, handwheel, transition gear, gear A, chassis, output shaft A, gear B, output shaft B, gear C, casing, compression spring A and axle sleeve; Peripheral unit is the height retarder of attitude regulating mechanism and the retarder of direction attitude regulating mechanism.

Its annexation is: one end of described axle sleeve is stretched out casing and is connected with the handwheel key being positioned at outside casing, and the other end is positioned at box house, and described handwheel can drive axle sleeve to rotate; The center hole of described axle sleeve is shoulder hole, the aperture of its one end that is connected with handwheel is less, coaxial package pull bar in the center hole of axle sleeve, one end of described pull bar and axle sleeve center hole aperture be compared with small end Spielpassung, and be connected with the transfer handle that is positioned at handwheel outside after stretching out the center hole of axle sleeve; Described transfer handle can drive pull bar to move along its axis distance L; The pull bar the other end is the cylinder table that diameter is greater than its shaft diameter, and this cylinder table coordinates with compare great splaying, axle sleeve center hole aperture.

The excircle of described pull bar shaft is set with compression spring A, and one end of described compression spring A contacts with the transitional surface of axle sleeve center hole, and the other end contacts with the cylinder table of tie rod end and the transitional surface of its shaft; On the outer peripheral surface of the larger end in axle sleeve aperture, along it, be axially processed with two relative kidney slots; On described sleeve outer circle side face, above-mentioned kidney slot position coaxial package gear B, the outer peripheral surface of described gear B is ladder surface, on the larger circumferential surface of its external diameter, is processed with external tooth, on the less circumferential surface of external diameter, is processed with the outside thread for being connected with chassis; Described gear B is connected by being positioned at the straight pin of axle sleeve kidney slot with pull bar, and described straight pin can move axially in kidney slot.

On the end face on chassis, along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with more than two positioning means, described positioning means comprises bearing pin, stage clip and nut, and wherein bearing pin is multidiameter shaft; On the end face on chassis, along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with interior threaded hole and the unthreaded hole coaxial with described interior threaded hole and that diameter is less more than two coordinating with described positioning means, described nut is connected with interior threaded hole coupling, the small end of bearing pin stretches out the unthreaded hole on chassis, between end and nut inner hole, stage clip is set greatly; The large end in contact of one end of stage clip and bearing pin, the other end contacts with nut inner hole.

Between described casing and chassis, on the excircle of axle sleeve, be set with sliding bearing, be set with transition gear on sliding bearing, the distance between chassis and transition gear is less than the axial maximum displacement L of described pull bar; On the end face of described transition gear, along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with more than two the kidney slot coordinating with bearing pin on chassis; Described gear A and transition gear engagement; Described gear A is arranged on output shaft A; The two ends of output shaft A are all supported on casing respectively; Its one end is connected with the retarder of height attitude regulating mechanism after stretching out casing.

The two ends of described output shaft B are all supported on casing; It is upper that described gear C is arranged on output shaft B, when this switching mechanism make launcher in height manually, during the electronic operating mode of direction, described gear C and gear B disengaging; When this switching mechanism makes launcher in the manual operating mode of direction, described gear C and gear B engagement; One end of output shaft B is connected with the retarder of direction manual regulating device after stretching out casing.

Also comprise signal occurrence device, described signal occurrence device comprises platen, sensitive switch, switch mounting, coupling shaft, sleeve and stage clip B; Described sleeve and casing are affixed, and sleeve is coaxial with axle sleeve; The opening end of described sleeve is away from casing, the opening end attaching nut of sleeve; Described coupling shaft coaxial package in sleeve, and with sleeve Spielpassung; One end of described coupling shaft is stretched out sleeve and is connected with platen, and the other end enters in the center hole of axle sleeve through casing; When described gear C and gear B engagement, the end contact of cylinder table on the end face of coupling shaft and pull bar; The middle part of described coupling shaft has annular protrusion, and at coupling shaft excircle suit stage clip B, one end of stage clip B contacts with described annular protrusion, and the other end contacts with the nut of sleeve ends; The stroke of described coupling shaft in sleeve is less than the axial maximum displacement L of described pull bar; Described sensitive switch is between platen and the nut of sleeve ends, and sensitive switch is affixed by switch mounting and casing.

Described transfer handle one end is cam structure, and one end is cylindrical bar; Pull bar is connected with the cam structure of transfer handle, and the axial maximum displacement L of pull bar in axle sleeve is the stroke of described cam structure.

At described sleeve outer circle, Cock screw was installed on week sliding bearing, transition gear are carried out to axially locating.

Described gear C and output shaft B pin joint; Described gear A and output shaft A pin joint.

Beneficial effect

(1) by spring, guarantee that gear meshes automatically and bearing pin inserts automatically, thereby realize two kinds of working methods reliable switching automatically.And make transfer process rapidly, reliably.Simplify engagement action process, improved working efficiency.

(2) the platen actuating length of effect sensitive switch contact is less than the stroke of transfer handle, thereby has guaranteed that the contact of sensitive switch under two kinds of engagements does not all contact with rotatable parts, has improved the working life of sensitive switch.

(3) transfer handle adopts cam structure, coordinates with compression spring A, makes this switching mechanism possess auto-lock function.The position being connected with pull bar due to transfer handle is cam structure, when gear B gear C meshes, transfer handle under the effect of stage clip pretightening force in self-locking state; When gear B gear C departs from engagement, 180 ° (comparing with gear B gear C engagement) rotated in now transfer handle, and transfer handle, under the larger elastic force effect that is subject to stage clip, guarantees that transfer handle is in self-locking state under electronic operating mode.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that switching mechanism is at engagement sectional view once;

Fig. 2 is that switching mechanism is at engagement stereogram once;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of switching mechanism under engagement two;

Fig. 4 is that switching mechanism is at the stereogram of engagement two;

Fig. 5 is that functional unit is at engagement structural representation once;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of functional unit under engagement two.

Wherein: 1-transfer handle, 2-pull bar, 3-handwheel, 4-transition gear, 5-gear A, 7-chassis, 9-output shaft A, 10-platen, 12-switch mounting, 13-gear B, 14-output shaft B, 15-gear C, 16-casing, 19-compression spring A, 20-axle sleeve, 29-coupling shaft, 31-sleeve

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.

The present embodiment provides a kind of electric/manual switching mechanism being used on launcher, by the engagement of control inputs gear and output gear and pin, automatically inserts mode in transition gear kidney slot, realizes the switching of launcher direction between manually manual with height; And sensitive switch contact does not all contact with rotatable parts, improve the working life of switch.

This switching mechanism comprises transfer handle 1, pull bar 2, handwheel 3, transition gear 4, gear A 5, chassis 7, output shaft A9, platen 10, switch mounting 12, gear B 13, output shaft B14, gear C 15, casing 16, compression spring A 19, axle sleeve 20, coupling shaft 29 and sleeve 31 etc.

This switching mechanism has two kinds of engagements: engagement one: make launcher in height manually, the electronic operating mode of direction, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Engagement two: make launcher in the manual operating mode of direction, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.

Described transfer handle 1, pull bar 2 and handwheel 3 form the functional unit of controlling this switching mechanism, and its structure as shown in Figure 5.Functional unit is positioned at the outside of casing 16, and one end of axle sleeve 20 is stretched out casing 16 and is connected with handwheel 3 keys, and the other end is positioned at casing 16 inside; In axle sleeve 20 and the joint of casing 16, bearing is installed.Rotating handwheel 3 can drive axle sleeve 20 to rotate.The center hole of axle sleeve 20 is shoulder hole, the aperture of its one end that is connected with handwheel 3 is less, coaxial package pull bar 2 in the center hole of axle sleeve 20, one end of pull bar 2 and axle sleeve 20 center hole apertures are compared with small end Spielpassung (can in axle sleeve 20 intracardiac moving axially), and are connected with the transfer handle 1 in handwheel 3 outsides after stretching out axle sleeve 20; The other end is the cylinder table that diameter is greater than its shaft diameter, is furnished with pin-and-hole on cylinder table, and its this cylinder table coordinates with axle sleeve 20 compare great splayings, center hole aperture.Transfer handle 1 one end is cam structure, and one end is cylindrical bar; Pull bar 2 is connected with the cam structure of transfer handle 1, pulls transfer handle 1 and can drive pull bar 2 to move axially, and the axial maximum displacement of pull bar 2 is the stroke L of cam structure.

In the excircle suit compression spring A 19 of described pull bar 2 shafts, one end of compression spring A 19 contacts with the transitional surface of axle sleeve 20 center holes, and the other end and the cylinder table of pull bar 2 end faces and the transitional surface of its shaft are conflicted; When transfer handle 1 is during in direction manual mode, make stage clip 19 in its pre-compressed state.On the outer peripheral surface of the axle sleeve 20 larger ends in aperture, along it, be axially processed with two relative kidney slots, in described axle sleeve 20 excircle kidney slot position coaxial package gear B 13, the outer peripheral surface of gear B 13 is ladder surface, on the circumferential surface that wherein external diameter is larger, be processed with external tooth, on the less circumferential surface of its external diameter, be processed with straight pin mounting hole and the outside thread for connecting with chassis 7.The pin-and-hole that gear B 13 is passed on axle sleeve 20 kidney slots and pull bar 2 cylinder tables by straight pin links together.For guaranteeing straight pin reliable operation, in gear B 13, straight pin place is installed shaft block ring is housed., when pull bar 2 axial motion, under the effect of straight pin, driven gear B13 endwisely slips on axle sleeve 20.

Chassis 7 is sleeved on gear B 13 external diameters compared with on the outer peripheral surface of small end, with gear B 13 screw-thread fit, and fixes by Cock screw.On the end face on chassis 7 along its circumferencial direction be evenly distributed with six certain depths interior threaded hole and with interior threaded hole unthreaded hole coaxial and that diameter is less.Each interior threaded hole is connected with a nut coupling, and a bearing pin is installed in each unthreaded hole.The male end of nut is processed with the coaxial inner that diameter is greater than bearing pin Outside diameter.Bearing pin small end stretches out the unthreaded hole on chassis 7, between end and nut inner hole, stage clip is installed greatly, the large end in contact of stage clip one end and bearing pin, and one end contacts with nut inner hole.

Between casing 16 and chassis 7, on the excircle of axle sleeve 20, by sliding bearing, be set with transition gear 4, and Cock screw be installed on axle sleeve 20 excircles transition gear 4 is carried out to axially locating, prevent that it from moving axially.On the end face of transition gear 4 along its circumferencial direction be evenly distributed with six with chassis 7 on six kidney slots that bearing pin is used in conjunction with.Gear A 5 is positioned at transition gear 4 tops, with transition gear 4 engagements.Output shaft A9 and the coaxial pin joint of gear A 5, thus gear A 5 is carried out to axially locating; And the two ends of output shaft A9 respectively by bearings on casing 16; Output shaft A9 is connected with the retarder of launcher height attitude regulating mechanism after stretching out casing 16 away from one end of functional unit.

In casing 16 inside, the below of axle sleeve 20 is provided with output shaft B14, the two ends of output shaft B14 all by bearings on casing 16.Coaxial package gear C 15 on output shaft B14, gear C 15 and output shaft B14 pin joint, thus it is carried out to axially locating.Described gear C 15 mates (engagement two times, gear C 15 and gear B 13 engagements) with gear B 13.Output shaft B14 is connected with the retarder of launcher direction manual regulating device after stretching out casing 16 away from one end of handwheel 3.

For making different operating modes switch Hou，Gai mechanism, can send in corresponding signal ，Gai mechanism and be provided with signal occurrence device, this signal occurrence device provides different switching signals by sensitive switch.Signal occurrence device comprises platen 10, sensitive switch, switch mounting 12, coupling shaft 29, sleeve 31 and stage clip.The shaft shoulder of its middle sleeve 31 is fixed in the outer surface of a side relative to described functional unit on casing 16, and sleeve 31 is coaxial with axle sleeve 20.The opening end of sleeve 31 is away from casing 16, at the opening end of sleeve 31 nut that is threaded, the interior coaxial package coupling shaft 29 of sleeve 31, coupling shaft 29 and sleeve 31 Spielpassung.One end of coupling shaft 29 is stretched out sleeve 31 and is connected with platen 10, and the other end, through casing 16, enters in the center hole of axle sleeve 20, when gear C 15 meshes with gear B 13, and the end contact of cylinder table on the end face of coupling shaft 29 and pull bar 2.The middle part of coupling shaft 29 has annular protrusion, and at coupling shaft 29 excircle suit stage clips, one end of stage clip and described annular protrusion are conflicted, and the nut of the other end and sleeve 31 ends is conflicted.Described sensitive switch is between platen 10 and the nut of sleeve 31 ends, and sensitive switch 11 is affixed with casing 16 by the switch mounting 12 of L-type.

This mechanism is according to the difference of gear engagement states, can make launcher in two kinds of different adjustment state:

If initial Shi，Gai mechanism make launcher in height manually, the electronic adjusting operating mode of direction, i.e. engagement shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 one.Now six bearing pins on 7 end faces of chassis just in time fall in six kidney slots on transition gear 4 end faces, and gear B 13 is thrown off with gear C 15.

When being switched to the engagement two shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 from this state, even if launcher is when the manual adjusting operating mode of direction: in following description, the front side that the functional unit place side of take is casing, the rear side that the signal occurrence device place side of take is casing.Pull transfer handle 1, remove transfer handle 1 self-locking state, under the elastic force effect of stage clip 19, pushing drawing rod 2 moves backward, because pull bar 2 and gear B 13 are linked together by straight pin, so gear B 13 is synchronizeed and moved backward with pull bar 2, make gear B 13 and gear C 15 engagements.

If gear B 13 and gear C 15 can not correct engagement, transfer handle 1 can not put in place, rotate gently handwheel 3, and now gear B 13 is under the effect of stage clip 19, and gear B 13 will mesh automatically with gear C 15.And depart from six bearing pins on 7 end faces of chassis six kidney slots from transition gear 4 end faces.Now output shaft B14 can rotate with handwheel 3, thereby to launcher travel direction manual tune.Because pull bar 2 moves backward, its end promotes coupling shaft 29 and moves backward simultaneously, and coupling shaft 29 drives platen 10 to move backward, makes the contact of sensitive switch released.Due to coupling shaft 29, platen 10 center and transfer handle 1 center superposition, platen 10 will be along with handwheel 3 rotates.Even if platen 10 rotates, because platen 10 does not contact with the contact of sensitive switch 11, working life can be because rotation causes switch failure by assurance sensitive switch yet.

When needs are switched to state shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 from state shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when even launcher is manually switched to from direction the adjusting operating mode that height is manual, direction is electronic, pull transfer handle 1 to Fig. 1 position, pull bar 2 moves forward, and driven gear B13 moves forward the engagement of throwing off with gear C 15.If six bearing pins on 7 end faces of chassis just in time fall in six kidney slots on transition gear 4 end faces, output shaft A9 can rotate with handwheel 3, thereby launcher is carried out to the manual adjusting of height, and because gear B 13 and gear C 15 no longer mesh, direction is in motoring condition.If described six bearing pins do not fall in six kidney slots corresponding on transition gear 4, because the distance between chassis 7 and transition gear 4 is less than the stroke of transfer handle 1, therefore each bearing pin compression corresponding spring with it, makes bearing pin certain stroke that moves in nut.After transfer handle 1 puts in place, rotate gently handwheel 3, when going to transition gear 4 kidney slot place under the effect of bearing pin at spring, in the kidney slot automatically inserting on transition gear 4, thus connecting base plate 7 and transition gear 4.

While moving forward due to pull bar 2, coupling shaft 29 moves forward under the restoring force of spring 30 simultaneously, and platen 10 is depressed the contact of sensitive switch.Because the stroke of coupling shaft 29 in sleeve 31 is less than the stroke of transfer handle 1, so after transfer handle 1 action puts in place, coupling shaft 29 will be thrown off and contact with pull bar 2, thereby guarantee that the contact of sensitive switch can not contact with rotatable parts, has improved the working life of switch.

In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a switching mechanism, it is characterized in that, comprising: transfer handle (1), pull bar (2), handwheel (3), transition gear (4), gear A (5), chassis (7), output shaft A(9), gear B (13), output shaft B(14), gear C (15), casing (16), compression spring A (19) and axle sleeve (20); Peripheral unit is the height retarder of attitude regulating mechanism and the retarder of direction attitude regulating mechanism;

Its annexation is: one end of described axle sleeve (20) is stretched out casing (16) handwheel (3) key outer with being positioned at casing (16) and is connected, and the other end is positioned at casing (16) inside, and described handwheel (3) can drive axle sleeve (20) to rotate; The center hole of described axle sleeve (20) is shoulder hole, the aperture of its one end that is connected with handwheel (3) is less, coaxial package pull bar (2) in the center hole of axle sleeve (20), one end of described pull bar (2) and axle sleeve (20) center hole aperture be compared with small end Spielpassung, and be connected with the transfer handle (1) that is positioned at handwheel (3) outside after stretching out the center hole of axle sleeve (20); Described transfer handle (1) can drive pull bar (2) to move along its axis distance L; Pull bar (2) the other end is the cylinder table that diameter is greater than its shaft diameter, and this cylinder table coordinates with compare great splaying, axle sleeve (20) center hole aperture;

The excircle of described pull bar (2) shaft is set with compression spring A (19), and one end of described compression spring A (19) contacts with the transitional surface of axle sleeve (20) center hole, and the other end contacts with the transitional surface of its shaft with the cylinder table of pull bar (2) end; On the outer peripheral surface of the larger end in axle sleeve (20) aperture, along it, be axially processed with two relative kidney slots; On described axle sleeve (20) outer peripheral surface, above-mentioned kidney slot position coaxial package gear B (13), the outer peripheral surface of described gear B (13) is ladder surface, on the larger circumferential surface of its external diameter, be processed with external tooth, on the less circumferential surface of external diameter, be processed with the outside thread for being connected with chassis (7); Described gear B (13) is connected by being positioned at the straight pin of axle sleeve (20) kidney slot with pull bar (2), and described straight pin can move axially in kidney slot;

On the end face of chassis (7), along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with more than two positioning means, described positioning means comprises bearing pin, stage clip and nut, and wherein bearing pin is multidiameter shaft; On the end face of chassis (7), along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with interior threaded hole and the unthreaded hole coaxial with described interior threaded hole and that diameter is less more than two coordinating with described positioning means, described nut is connected with interior threaded hole coupling, the small end of bearing pin stretches out the unthreaded hole on chassis (7), between end and nut inner hole, stage clip is set greatly; The large end in contact of one end of stage clip and bearing pin, the other end contacts with nut inner hole;

Between described casing (16) and chassis (7), on the excircle of axle sleeve (20), be set with sliding bearing, on sliding bearing, be set with transition gear (4), the distance between chassis (7) and transition gear (4) is less than the axial maximum displacement L of described pull bar (2); On the end face of described transition gear (4), along its circumferencial direction, be evenly distributed with more than two the kidney slot coordinating with bearing pin on chassis (7); Described gear A (5) and transition gear (4) engagement; Described gear A (5) is arranged on output shaft A(9) on; Output shaft A(9) two ends are all supported on respectively on casing (16); Its one end is connected with the retarder of height attitude regulating mechanism after stretching out casing (16);

Described output shaft B(14) two ends are all supported on casing (16); Described gear C (15) is arranged on output shaft B(14) upper, when this switching mechanism make launcher in height manually, during the electronic operating mode of direction, described gear C (15) departs from gear B (13); When this switching mechanism makes launcher in the manual operating mode of direction, described gear C (15) and gear B (13) engagement; Output shaft B(14) one end is connected with the retarder of direction manual regulating device after stretching out casing (16).

2. switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises signal occurrence device, and described signal occurrence device comprises platen (10), sensitive switch, switch mounting (12), coupling shaft (29), sleeve (31) and stage clip B; Described sleeve (31) is affixed with casing (16), and sleeve (31) is coaxial with axle sleeve (20); The opening end of described sleeve (31) is away from casing (16), the opening end attaching nut of sleeve (31); Described coupling shaft (29) coaxial package in sleeve (31), and with sleeve (31) Spielpassung; One end of described coupling shaft (29) is stretched out sleeve (31) and is connected with platen (10), and the other end enters in the center hole of axle sleeve (20) through casing (16); When described gear C (15) meshes with gear B (13), the end contact of the upper cylinder table of the end face of coupling shaft (29) and pull bar (2); The middle part of described coupling shaft (29) has annular protrusion, and at coupling shaft (29) excircle suit stage clip B, one end of stage clip B contacts with described annular protrusion, and the other end contacts with the nut of sleeve (31) end; The stroke of described coupling shaft (29) in sleeve (31) is less than the axial maximum displacement L of described pull bar (2); Described sensitive switch is positioned between platen (10) and the nut of sleeve (31) end, and sensitive switch is affixed by switch mounting (12) and casing (16).

3. switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described transfer handle (1) one end is cam structure, and one end is cylindrical bar; Pull bar (2) is connected with the cam structure of transfer handle (1), and the axial maximum displacement L of pull bar (2) in axle sleeve (20) is the stroke of described cam structure.

4. switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, Cock screw is installed on described axle sleeve (20) excircle sliding bearing, transition gear (4) are carried out to axially locating.

5. switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described gear C (15) and output shaft B(14) pin joint; Described gear A (5) and output shaft A(9) pin joint.