CN103528400B - Water heater heat exchange system with water pressure and temperature detecting function - Google Patents
Water heater heat exchange system with water pressure and temperature detecting function Download PDFInfo
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- CN103528400B CN103528400B CN201310522347.8A CN201310522347A CN103528400B CN 103528400 B CN103528400 B CN 103528400B CN 201310522347 A CN201310522347 A CN 201310522347A CN 103528400 B CN103528400 B CN 103528400B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a water heater heat exchange system with a water pressure and temperature detecting function. The water heater heat exchange system comprises a cold water inlet pipe (5), a hot water outlet pipe (6), a waste water inlet pipe (7), a waste water outlet pipe (8), a nozzle (15), an upper heat exchange trough (1) and a lower heat exchange trough (2). An upper heat exchange device (3) and a lower heat exchange device (4) are respectively arranged in the upper heat exchange trough (1) and the lower heat exchange trough (2), a detachable filter screen (17) is arranged in the lower heat exchange trough (2), a first pressure sensor (42) and a second pressure sensor (41) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the filter screen (17) and are respectively connected with a controller (14), and the controller (14) comprises a comparing module (143) respectively connected with a setting module (144), the first pressure sensor (42), the second pressure sensor (41) and a waste water temperature sensor (20).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of heat exchange device, particularly relate to and a kind ofly to detect and the water heater heat exchange system of temperature detection with hydraulic pressure.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of water heater, people are while enjoying the happy of shower and health, and the waste of water resource is also day by day serious.The water of heating is directly discharged after shower, due to the water resource comprising a part of heat in the water of shower and can be recycled, therefore, is directly discharged by the water after shower and not only wastes a large amount of water, but also waste the heat in hot water.A kind of device for recycling heat of bath water is there is in prior art; it effectively can collect the waste heat of shower water; but because the heat-exchange device in this water heater needs frequent heat exchange; spot in waste water is easily at accumulated inside; if can not clear up in time; light then heat-exchange device can be caused to block cannot use, heavy then can heat-exchange device be damaged.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve in prior art spot in existing waste water easily in the technical problem that heat-exchange device accumulated inside can not clean automatically, and provides a kind of water heater heat exchange system with decontamination function.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is: a kind ofly detect and the water heater heat exchange system of temperature detection with hydraulic pressure, described system comprises cold water inlet, hot water outlet pipe, wastewater inlet pipe, waste water outlet pipe, shower nozzle, upper heat exchange tank and lower heat exchange tank, heat-exchange device and lower heat-exchange device is respectively equipped with in described upper heat exchange tank and described lower heat exchange tank, cold water pipe and wastewater trough is provided with in described upper heat-exchange device and lower heat-exchange device, described wastewater trough is centered around the periphery of described cold water pipe, thus can exchange heat be carried out between water in described wastewater trough and the water of described cold water pipe, described cold water inlet is connected with described shower nozzle by one the 3rd switch, the cold water pipe of described upper heat-exchange device, the cold water pipe of described lower heat-exchange device, described hot water outlet pipe successively.
Described wastewater inlet pipe is successively by being connected with waste water outlet pipe after the 5th switch, lower heat exchange tank, the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device, the wastewater trough of upper heat-exchange device, upper heat exchange tank, the first switch, described cold water inlet is also connected with upper heat exchange tank by after the 4th switch, described waste water outlet pipe is also connected with described lower heat exchange tank by after second switch, and described wastewater inlet pipe is also connected with upper heat exchange tank by the 6th switch.
Described hot water outlet pipe is also provided with a heater.Described in lower heat exchange tank, the exit of wastewater inlet pipe is provided with wastewater temperature sensor, and described wastewater temperature sensor is for sensing the temperature of the waste water flowed out from the exit of described wastewater inlet pipe.
Described upper heat exchange tank top is provided with a collector plate, described collector plate surrounding is provided with the inclination angle of outer, in described collector plate, plane is connected with described wastewater inlet pipe, on it, plane is also provided with many interlaced drainage troughs, and plane is also provided with anti-slip veins on it, the wastewater inlet pipe place of described collector plate upper surface is the minimum point of plane on it.
A detachable filter screen is also provided with in described lower heat exchange tank; The first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is respectively arranged with in the described bottom of lower heat exchange tank, the left and right sides of described filter screen; Described first to the 6th switch, described first pressure sensor are connected with a controller respectively with the second pressure sensor.
Described controller comprises: setting module, and this setting module is for setting differential water pressures critical field and minimum waste water can utilize temperature;
The comparison module be connected with setting module, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and wastewater temperature sensor respectively, this comparison module is for receiving the hydraulic pressure data of the first pressure sensor and the transmission of the second pressure sensor, calculate difference, and compare with the differential water pressures critical field that setting module sets, the minimum waste water simultaneously contrasting the next temperature data of wastewater temperature sensor transmissions and setting module setting can utilize temperature;
And the control module to be connected with comparison module, this control module is used for controlling the described first to the 6th switch motion according to the comparative result of comparison module.
The normal operating condition of this system is: described second switch, the 4th switch and the 6th switch are closed, described first switch, the 3rd switch and the 5th switch open.
Described controller can perform strong backwashing procedures and weak backwashing procedures.
Wherein, described strong backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor sense hydraulic pressure data in real time, comparison module by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor senses to differential water pressures data and the differential water pressures critical field that sets of setting module compare,
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if described first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor senses to differential water pressures exceed described differential water pressures critical field, then controller controls the cut out of the first switch, the 3rd switch and the 5th switch, second switch, the 4th switch and the 6th switch open, perform strong backwash step;
Wherein, described weak backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. utilizes wastewater temperature sensor to sense the temperature of the waste water flowed into from wastewater inlet pipe in real time, and the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor senses by comparison module and the minimum waste water that setting module sets can utilize temperature to compare;
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor senses is less than described minimum waste water can utilize temperature, then controller controls the cut out of the first switch, the 4th switch and the 5th switch, second switch, the 3rd switch and the 6th switch open, waste water through the flowing of the wastewater trough of the wastewater trough of upper heat exchange tank, upper heat-exchange device, lower heat exchange tank, lower heat-exchange device, filter screen, second switch and waste water outlet pipe, thus utilizes waste water to carry out weak backwash.
If the pressure differential of filter screen both sides is too large, then prove that filter screen is serious by the chocking-up degree of dirt, need to adopt cold water to rinse by force.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, stacked upper heat exchange tank and lower heat exchange tank, heat-exchange device and lower heat-exchange device is respectively equipped with in upper heat exchange tank and lower heat exchange tank, spot in waste water and particle to be gathered under lower floor in heat exchange tank and lower heat-exchange device due to the effect of gravity, backwash can be made convenient, efficiently;
2, by the hydraulic pressure of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor senses filter screen both sides, when the hydraulic pressure difference of filter screen both sides exceeds differential water pressures critical field, controller controls the first to the 6th switch motion, realize strong pre-washing function automatically, dirty removal capacities is strong, effectively solves the problem that in heat-exchange device, spot can not be cleared up in time.
3. by the temperature of wastewater temperature sensor sensing from the waste water of wastewater inlet pipe inflow, and when the temperature of waste water can utilize temperature lower than minimum waste water, control the first to the 6th switch motion by controller, realize automatic weak pre-washing function, make full use of waste water, effectively save water resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the water heater heat exchange system described in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the upper heat-exchange device described in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the lower heat-exchange device described in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the collector plate described in embodiments of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
A kind ofly to detect and the water heater heat exchange system of temperature detection with hydraulic pressure, described system comprises cold water inlet 5, hot water outlet pipe 6, wastewater inlet pipe 7, waste water outlet pipe 8, shower nozzle 15, upper heat exchange tank 1 and lower heat exchange tank 2, heat-exchange device 3 and lower heat-exchange device 4 is respectively equipped with in described upper heat exchange tank 1 and described lower heat exchange tank 2, cold water pipe and wastewater trough is provided with in described upper heat-exchange device 3 and lower heat-exchange device 4, described wastewater trough is centered around the periphery of described cold water pipe, thus can exchange heat be carried out between water in described wastewater trough and the water of described cold water pipe, described cold water inlet 5 is connected with described shower nozzle 15 by one the 3rd switch 11, the cold water pipe of described upper heat-exchange device 3, the cold water pipe of described lower heat-exchange device 4, described hot water outlet pipe 6 successively.
Described wastewater inlet pipe 7 is successively by being connected with waste water outlet pipe 8 after the wastewater trough of the 5th switch 23, lower heat exchange tank 2, the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device 4, upper heat-exchange device 3, upper heat exchange tank 1, first switch 9, described cold water inlet 5 is also connected with upper heat exchange tank 1 by after the 4th switch 12, described waste water outlet pipe 8 is also connected with described lower heat exchange tank 2 by after second switch 10, and described wastewater inlet pipe 7 is also connected with upper heat exchange tank 1 by the 6th switch 22.
Waste water can first by lower heat exchange tank 2 and the lower heat-exchange device 4 of lower floor; again by heat-exchange device on upper strata 4 and upper heat exchange tank 1; spot in waste water and particle to be only gathered under lower floor in heat exchange tank 2 and lower heat-exchange device 4 due to the effect of gravity, only have little spot and particle can by other pipelines or the equipment upwards polluting upper strata under the drive of current.When backwash, a large amount of spot and the particle distance waste water outlet pipe 8 that are gathered in lower floor are nearer, and backwash is convenient, efficiently.
Described hot water outlet pipe 6 is also provided with a heater 13.Described in lower heat exchange tank 2, the exit of wastewater inlet pipe 7 is provided with wastewater temperature sensor 20, and described wastewater temperature sensor 20 is for sensing the temperature of the waste water flowed out from the exit of described wastewater inlet pipe 7.
Described upper heat exchange tank 1 top is provided with a collector plate 16, described collector plate 16 surrounding is provided with the inclination angle of outer, in described collector plate 16, plane is connected with described wastewater inlet pipe 7, on it, plane is also provided with many interlaced drainage troughs 161, and plane is also provided with anti-slip veins 162 on it, wastewater inlet pipe 7 place of described collector plate 16 upper surface is the minimum point of plane on it.
Upper heat-exchange device 3 is identical with lower heat-exchange device 4 structure, include wastewater trough 31, many interlaced deflectors 32 are provided with in wastewater trough 31, also comprise the cold water pipe 33 in the wastewater trough 31 be arranged between deflector 32, cold water pipe 33 is provided with multiple heat absorbing fins 34, cold water inlet 5 is successively by one the 3rd switch 11, cold water pipe 33 in upper heat-exchange device 3, cold water pipe 33 in lower heat-exchange device 4, hot water outlet pipe 6 is connected with described shower nozzle 15, wastewater inlet pipe 7 is successively by lower heat exchange tank 2, wastewater trough 31 in lower heat-exchange device 4, wastewater trough 31 in upper heat-exchange device 3, upper heat exchange tank 1, be connected with waste water outlet pipe 8 after first switch 9.Spent hot water in cold water in cold water pipe 33 and wastewater trough 31 carries out heat exchange in upper heat-exchange device 3 with lower heat-exchange device 4.
A detachable filter screen 17 is also provided with in described lower heat exchange tank 2; In the described bottom of lower heat exchange tank 2, the left and right sides of described filter screen 17 is respectively arranged with the first pressure sensor 42 and the second pressure sensor 41.Described first to the 6th switch 9 ~ 12,22,23, described first pressure sensor 42 is connected with a controller 14 respectively with the second pressure sensor 41.
Described controller 14 comprises: setting module 144, and this setting module 144 is for setting differential water pressures critical field and minimum waste water can utilize temperature;
The comparison module 143 be connected with setting module 144, first pressure sensor 42, second pressure sensor 41 and wastewater temperature sensor 20 respectively, this comparison module 143 is for receiving the hydraulic pressure data of described first pressure sensor 42 and the transmission of the second pressure sensor 41, calculate difference, and the differential water pressures critical field set with setting module 144, contrast wastewater temperature sensor 20 simultaneously and transmit the minimum waste water that the temperature data that comes and setting module 144 set and can utilize temperature;
And the control module 142 to be connected with comparison module 143, this control module 142 controls the described first to the 6th switch 9 ~ 12,22,23 action for the comparative result according to comparison module 143;
The normal operating condition of this system is: described second switch 10, the 4th switch 12 and the 6th switch 22 are closed, and described first switch 9, the 3rd switch 11 and the 5th switch 23 are opened;
Described controller 14 can perform strong backwashing procedures and weak backwashing procedures,
Wherein, described strong backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. first pressure sensor 42 and the second pressure sensor 41 be sensing hydraulic pressure data in real time, the differential water pressures data that first pressure sensor 42 and the second pressure sensor 41 sense by comparison module 143 and the differential water pressures critical field that setting module 144 sets compare
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if the differential water pressures that described first pressure sensor 42 and the second pressure sensor 41 sense exceedes described differential water pressures critical field, then controller 14 controls the first switch 9, 3rd switch 11 and the 5th switch 23 are closed, second switch 10, 4th switch 12 and the 6th switch 22 are opened, cold water is through upper heat exchange tank 1, the wastewater trough of upper heat-exchange device 3, lower heat exchange tank 2, the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device 4, filter screen 17, second switch 10 and waste water outlet pipe 8 flow, thus utilize cold water to carry out strong backwash, effluent part carries out backwash through identical path simultaneously.
Wherein, described weak backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. utilizes wastewater temperature sensor 20, and sensing is from the temperature of the waste water of wastewater inlet pipe 7 inflow in real time, and the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor 20 senses by comparison module 143 and the minimum waste water that setting module 144 sets can utilize temperature to compare;
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor 20 senses is less than described minimum waste water can utilize temperature, then controller controls the first switch 9, 4th switch 12 and the 5th switch 23 are closed, second switch 10, 3rd switch 11 and the 6th switch 22 are opened, waste water is through upper heat exchange tank 1, the wastewater trough of upper heat-exchange device 3, lower heat exchange tank 2, the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device 4, filter screen 17, second switch 10 and waste water outlet pipe 8 flow, thus utilize waste water to carry out weak backwash, simultaneously due to the unlatching of the 3rd switch 11, the utilization not affecting cold water in the process of weak flushing is carried out utilizing waste water.
Above, be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any change of expecting without creative work or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should limit with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is detected and the water heater heat exchange system of temperature detection with hydraulic pressure, described system comprises cold water inlet (5), hot water outlet pipe (6), wastewater inlet pipe (7), waste water outlet pipe (8), shower nozzle (15), upper heat exchange tank (1) and lower heat exchange tank (2), heat-exchange device (3) and lower heat-exchange device (4) is respectively equipped with in described upper heat exchange tank (1) and described lower heat exchange tank (2), cold water pipe and wastewater trough is provided with in described upper heat-exchange device (3) and lower heat-exchange device (4), described wastewater trough is centered around the periphery of described cold water pipe, thus can exchange heat be carried out between water in described wastewater trough and the water of described cold water pipe, described cold water inlet (5) is connected with described shower nozzle (15) by one the 3rd switch (11), the cold water pipe of described upper heat-exchange device (3), the cold water pipe of described lower heat-exchange device (4), described hot water outlet pipe (6) successively,
Described wastewater inlet pipe (7) is successively by the 5th switch (23), lower heat exchange tank (2), the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device (4), the wastewater trough of upper heat-exchange device (3), upper heat exchange tank (1), first switch (9) is connected with waste water outlet pipe (8) afterwards, described cold water inlet (5) is also connected with upper heat exchange tank (1) afterwards by the 4th switch (12), described waste water outlet pipe (8) is also connected with described lower heat exchange tank (2) afterwards by second switch (10), described wastewater inlet pipe (7) is also connected with upper heat exchange tank (1) by the 6th switch (22),
Described hot water outlet pipe (6) is also provided with a heater (13); Described in lower heat exchange tank (2), the exit of wastewater inlet pipe (7) is provided with wastewater temperature sensor (20), and described wastewater temperature sensor (20) is for sensing the temperature of the waste water flowed out from the exit of described wastewater inlet pipe (7);
Described upper heat exchange tank (1) top is provided with a collector plate (16), described collector plate (16) surrounding is provided with the inclination angle of outer, the upper plane of described collector plate (16) is connected with described wastewater inlet pipe (7), on it, plane is also provided with many interlaced drainage troughs (161), and plane is also provided with anti-slip veins (162) on it, wastewater inlet pipe (7) place of described collector plate (16) upper surface is the minimum point of plane on it;
A detachable filter screen (17) is also provided with in described lower heat exchange tank (2); The first pressure sensor (42) and the second pressure sensor (41) is respectively arranged with in the described bottom of lower heat exchange tank (2), the left and right sides of described filter screen (17); Described first to the 6th switch (9 ~ 12,23,22), described first pressure sensor (42) are connected with a controller (14) respectively with the second pressure sensor (41);
Described controller (14) comprising: setting module (144), and this setting module (144) is for setting differential water pressures critical field and minimum waste water can utilize temperature;
The comparison module (143) be connected with setting module (144), the first pressure sensor (42), the second pressure sensor (41) and wastewater temperature sensor (20) respectively, this comparison module (143) is for receiving the hydraulic pressure data of the first pressure sensor (42) and the second pressure sensor (41) transmission, calculate difference, and compare with the differential water pressures critical field that setting module (144) sets, the temperature data that contrast wastewater temperature sensor (20) transmission simultaneously comes and the minimum waste water that setting module (144) sets can utilize temperature;
And the control module (142) to be connected with comparison module (143), this control module (142) controls the described first to the 6th switch (9 ~ 12,23,22) action for the comparative result according to comparison module (143);
The normal operating condition of this system is: described second switch (10), the 4th switch (12) and the 6th switch (22) are closed, and described first switch (9), the 3rd switch (11) and the 5th switch (23) are opened;
Described controller (14) can perform strong backwashing procedures and weak backwashing procedures,
Wherein, described strong backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. first pressure sensor (42) and the second pressure sensor (41) be sensing hydraulic pressure data in real time, the differential water pressures data that first pressure sensor (42) and the second pressure sensor (41) sense by comparison module (143) and the differential water pressures critical field that setting module (144) sets compare
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if the differential water pressures that described first pressure sensor (42) and the second pressure sensor (41) sense exceedes described differential water pressures critical field, then controller (14) controls the cut out of the first switch (9), the 3rd switch (11) and the 5th switch (23), second switch (10), the 4th switch (12) and the 6th switch (22) are opened, and perform strong backwash step;
Wherein, described weak backwashing procedures is:
Step S1. utilizes wastewater temperature sensor (20) to sense the temperature of the waste water flowed into from wastewater inlet pipe (7) in real time, and the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor (20) senses by comparison module (143) and the minimum waste water that setting module (144) sets can utilize temperature to compare;
Step S2. is according to comparative result, if the temperature data that wastewater temperature sensor (20) senses is less than described minimum waste water can utilize temperature, then controller controls the first switch (9), 4th switch (12) and the 5th switch (23) are closed, second switch (10), 3rd switch (11) and the 6th switch (22) are opened, waste water is through upper heat exchange tank (1), the wastewater trough of upper heat-exchange device (3), lower heat exchange tank (2), the wastewater trough of lower heat-exchange device (4), filter screen (17), second switch (10) and waste water outlet pipe (8) flowing, thus utilize waste water to carry out weak backwash.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310522347.8A CN103528400B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | Water heater heat exchange system with water pressure and temperature detecting function |
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| CN201310522347.8A CN103528400B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | Water heater heat exchange system with water pressure and temperature detecting function |
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| CN103528400A CN103528400A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103528400B true CN103528400B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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| CN110905856A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-24 | 徐州三源实业有限公司 | Immersible pump heat sink |
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| CN202928401U (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2013-05-08 | 张斌 | Submergence water storage type shower hot water waste heat efficient recycling device |
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| EP2773915A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-09-10 | Patrick Gilbert | Conduit assemblies for heat exchangers and the like |
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- 2013-10-30 CN CN201310522347.8A patent/CN103528400B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4300247A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-11-17 | Berg Charles A | Energy conservation in shower bathing |
| CN2032306U (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-02-08 | 智完成 | Utilising apparatus of waste-water waste-heat for common bathing house hot-water boiler |
| CN2521570Y (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2002-11-20 | 徐国辉 | Waste heated water thermal energy recovering device |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 321013 JINHUA, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TO: 238300 WUHU, ANHUI PROVINCE Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: ZHU YONG TO: LU JIAO PU LING WANG LEI |
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Address after: 238300 Wuwei County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, Wucheng South New Town Patentee after: Anhui Special Cable Industry Technology Research Institute Address before: 238300 Wuwei County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, Wucheng South New Town Patentee before: Wuwei County Special Cable Industry Technology Research Institute |
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Effective date of registration: 20190111 Address after: 238300 Wuwei County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee after: ANHUI YUCE CABLE QUALITY INSPECTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 238300 Wuwei County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, Wucheng South New Town Patentee before: Anhui Special Cable Industry Technology Research Institute |
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