CN103528114B - Electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system and control method - Google Patents
Electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103528114B CN103528114B CN201310438423.7A CN201310438423A CN103528114B CN 103528114 B CN103528114 B CN 103528114B CN 201310438423 A CN201310438423 A CN 201310438423A CN 103528114 B CN103528114 B CN 103528114B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system, be provided with device of solar generating, described electric heating system is provided with wind power generation plant；Described electric heating system is also connected with utility grid；Described device of solar generating, wind power generation plant and utility grid, by chronologically or temperature programmed switch or the controller of Variable power and invariable power power consumption control respectively for alternating current-direct current, is connected in described electric heating system.The invention also discloses the control method of this system.Use technique scheme, it is achieved regenerative resource abundant, effectively utilize, and various energy resources is organically combined, provides a kind of scientific and rational pattern for low-carbon (LC), green, healthy life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to renewable energy utilization and the technical field of the integrated application of new function material.Specifically
Say, the present invention relates to electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system.It addition,
The invention still further relates to the control method of this electric heating system.
Background technology
Along with the growing tension of global energy situation, the energy-conservation focus becoming world concern with environmental protection.
And traditional fire coal, gas heating mode and multiple invariable power electric heating heat-supplying mode etc., cannot meet existing
There are the needs of the building heat supplying (warming up) of urban and rural areas (particularly there is no the remote districts of electric power facility).
In order to improve the utilization ratio of the energy and control environmental pollution, emerge many heat supply new techniques in recent years
And new model, such as: utilize the heat supply heating technology of trough-electricity；Utilize the solar energy diarrhea of heat type of regenerative resource
Use heat collector；Water source or air source heat pump heat supply process etc..
Above-mentioned existing new heat-supplying mode there is also more technical problem, each yet suffers from certain defect,
The most insurmountable critical defect, directly affects utilization and the development of regenerative resource.Such as:
1, trough-electricity heat-supplying mode is utilized: although achieving effective utilization of the energy, but can only meet and supply winter
Warm demand, applies secondary clean energy simultaneously the most completely.
2, the heat collection technology of Solar use: by area, round the clock, the factor such as weather and acquisition rate change at sunshine
Impact, the temperature causing provided hot water is unstable；Even if using larger storage tank to carry out sensible heat water-retention energy storage,
Do not reach the requirement of stable heating, civil power can only be recycled the most complementary yet, intermediate conveyor and the storage thermal efficiency
Relatively low, lose more than gain；Also bring tens tons of overloads even going up kiloton water tank simultaneously, antifreeze, freeze proof,
The problems such as split is difficult with Integration of building, and the technology that the existence of various device cannot overcome or not yet overcome for a long time
Bottleneck；
3, water source or air source heat pump technology: easily by water source or the regional effect of natural conditions of air source, especially
Be when low-temperature heating, high-temperature refrigeration, its integral level COP(Energy Efficiency Ratio) value not up to " 11 ",
Even severe cold, extremely cold area or without civil power situation under conditions of, cannot use at all.It addition, constantly create
New automation control system is the most complicated.
The water heater technical Analysis of existing Solar use:
At present, solar water heater and solar hot water system, be the product of solar thermal utilization.The sun at present
Water heater has the heat pipe-type heat that solar-heater, all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube water heater, glass metal encapsulate
The various ways such as hydrophone, flat casing water-heater；Corresponding hot-water heating system have thermal-collecting tube type hot-water heating system,
Hot-pipe type water-heating system and flat hot-water heating system.
The basic component parts of water heater is solar energy heating parts and heat storage water tank；By heat-collecting part and heat accumulation
The combination of water tank, water heater can be divided into close-coupled and separate type；By heat storage water tank with air the most even
Logical, water heater can be divided into pressure-bearing type and non-bearing type；By in heat storage water tank hot water hot mode can divide
For direct-type and indirect type；Water falling type, top ability of swimming and booster-pump type can be divided into by the water-out manners of hot water.
Solar hot water system is mainly made up of solar heat-collection system and hot water supply system, mainly includes sun set
Equipment and the adnexaes such as hot device, heat storage water tank, circulating line, support, control system, heat exchanger and water pump.
Collecting system and heat storage water tank heat exchange mode, can be divided into: direct-type hot-water heating system (blood circulation) and
Indirect type hot-water heating system (secondary circulation system).Direct-type system can be subdivided into again: straight-flow system, nature
Blood circulation and forced circulation system.By working medium in heat collector, whether pressure-bearing can be divided into: open type thermal-arrest hot water system
System and enclosed thermal-arrest hot-water heating system.Classify by with or without auxiliary thermal source, can be divided into: have auxiliary thermal source hot-water heating system
With without auxiliary thermal source hot-water heating system.There is auxiliary thermal source hot-water heating system can segment again according to the difference of mode of heating
For: built-in directly heat mode, built-in coil heat exchanger mode of heating, external heat exchanger mode of heating,
External auxiliary thermal source directly heats mode, batch (-type) hot-water supply system, continuous way hot-water supply system.So-called storage
Boiler (tank) also heat accumulation merely with water carries out sensible heat energy storage, and quantity of heat storage is limited, and uses phase-change accumulation energy
It is bigger that material carries out hidden heat energy storage gap.
The classification of solar water heating system at present also relatively disorderly, does not has unified standard.
Above-mentioned prior art there is the problem that
1, solar water heater:
The product classification system classification of solar water heater is frequent, the most chaotic, it is impossible to unified standard, structure
Become increasingly complex；
Pipe-line system control system is sufficiently complex, and product accessories system auxiliary is various；
Fault is many, accident is many, nonstandard heating tape the most of poor quality, misapply in addition antifreeze to inlet and outlet pipe,
Freeze proof, the fire serious accident brought of thawing cannot be avoided, so-called " water overflow Kingsoft, burn and operate "；
Thermal-arrest, conveying, water storage, use four directions fever sensation of the face energy instability, heat loss is bigger；
Solar water heater, " thermal-arrest, carry, store, use " four aspects are unstable owing to existing.For
Reach round-the-clock use, it is also desirable to auxiliary electrical heater.Essence is sunlight heat electric heater, but it is the most not
Can strictly accomplish safety requirements and the efficiency of existing electric heater, can only be auxiliary electro-heat, preheating temperature be≤
40 DEG C, it is supplemented with solar energy optical-thermal.Heat energy intermediate conveyor and storage, energy loss is relatively big, use efficiency≤
50%, even lower, the most this way is to owe science, is to do something against one's will；
Owing to the heat exchange of heat collector is to be carried out by water flowing, therefore cannot arrange in high and cold severe cold area；
Cannot be with Integration of building, even if flat solar water system also need to carry out secondary with storage tank because of heat collector
Cycle heat exchange and outdoor larger storage tank and numerous and diverse pipe-line system, it is impossible to carry out compact, attractive in appearance, effective with building
Harmonious combination, more cannot meet the demand of all users.
2, electric heater:
Do not have sequential that control is set, there is no hidden heat energy storage device, the most only carry out energy storage by water, it is impossible to accomplish complete
Cycle utilizes the function of trough-electricity macroscopic view economize on electricity individual Jie Fei；
Safe voltage cannot be used, there is also certain high-voltage safety hidden danger；
Retrained by the limitation of step price；
Areas without electricity cannot device electric heater.
Therefore, integrated heat supply process and the product of designing and developing the simple science of a new generation are very important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system, its mesh
Be the utilization effectively and reasonably realizing regenerative resource.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Electric power storage distributed, non-provided by the present invention, non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system,
Described electric heating system is provided with device of solar generating, is additionally provided with wind power generation plant；Described electric heating system
Also it is connected with utility grid；Described device of solar generating, wind power generation plant and utility grid, passes through
Chronologically or temperature programmed for alternating current-direct current switching or the controller of Variable power and invariable power power consumption control respectively,
It is connected in described electric heating system.
The electricity consumption facility of described electric heating system includes hot-water heating system, Hydronic radiant floor heating system and employing heat radiation
The heating system of device.
Described hot-water heating system is provided with water heater, arranges exchange invariable power heater in the tank of described water heater
One, direct current Variable power accumulation of energy electric heater one；Or AC/DC Variable power electric heater is only set
One.
Described water heater uses phase-changing energy-storing water tank, and its structure is pressure-bearing type enamel or rustless steel ecological water
Case, built-in phase-changing energy-storing module or tank inner wall arrange energy storage materials of phase change integument；Its heat-insulation layer uses hard
Matter polyurethane foaming thermal insulation material.
Described water heater uses intelligent Variable power self temperature control heating tape or the PTC change merit with ptc characteristics
Rate electrothermal device.
Described Hydronic radiant floor heating system is to be located at self limiting temperature electrothermal device to build in building with living facilities
In building structure layer, or phase-change accumulation energy equipment is laid between surface layer and thermal insulation layer, forms energy storage ground；Or
By energy storage materials of phase change fill among described self limiting temperature electrothermal device.
Described self limiting temperature electrothermal device is the intelligent Variable power self temperature control heating tape with ptc characteristics；Or
Variable power electrothermal device described in person is the temperature self controlled electrically-heated device of intelligent Variable power with ptc characteristics；Or
Described Variable power electrothermal device is mineral-type PTC electrothermal module.
Described electric heating system uses computer network intelligent control system to be controlled, described computer network
Network intelligence control system is provided with heating website, heating server, network controller, data interaction machine, indoor
Outer temperature controller, self limiting temperature accumulation of heat ground based terminal or self limiting temperature electrothermal device.
Present invention also offers the control method of this electric heating system, it may be assumed that
The control mode of described computer network intelligent control system is:
1), use the equipment being configured with CPU processor and stocking system, make intelligent decision be achieved, logical
Cross gather outdoor temperature, surface temperature, transformer load situation, temperature anomaly change data carry out intelligence
Judge, make the place needing most heating be immediately available for warming, make temperature accurately control, make utilization of power reach
Optimal rationalization；
2), partial pressure is discharged at transformer load full load, it is achieved transformer load automatic governing；
3) heating priority system, is set up, it is achieved user profile stores, heat supply information data；With enterprise
Erp systematization is set up in management, makes heating system modularity.
The temperature control mode of the heating system of described Hydronic radiant floor heating system or employing radiator is:
1), general control:
First system calculates regenerator temperature necessary to ground heating system, and described heat storage is that ground is mixed
Solidifying soil or latent heat storage material；Operate in this, as accumulation of heat target temperature；Drive manner is deeply
Night, the supply of valley period power power was initially powered up while starting；After arriving accumulation of heat target temperature, until valley period power power
In the moment that supply stops, during this period of time being regulated by temperature and maintain temperature；
2), the cold degree PREDICTIVE CONTROL carried out according to outer temperature:
Divide family intelligence or the required heat of computer central heating, relevant to outer temperature to a great extent,
Outer temperature has the change of three types, takes the counter-measure to be as heating equipment:
A), the early, middle and late time changes the change caused；
B), Changes in weather causes day unit change；
C) week that, seasonal variations causes, the change of moon unit；
3), non-electric power storage, the direct photovoltaic electric-heating of non-inversion and valley power consumption are carried out according to solar irradiation situation of change
Carry out complementary heat supply:
A), time daytime in winter, solar irradiation was fine, after completing hot-water heating system heat supply heat accumulation simultaneously or proceed to become
Power heating system and low ebb accumulation of energy electric heating carry out complementary heating；
B), according to installed capacity size and Changes in weather situation, the time of selection valley power consumption of photovoltaic cell
The height of length or low ebb phase room temperature carries out complementation；
The countermeasure that the heating system of described accumulation of heat ground heating system or employing radiator is taked, it is simply that
Temperature controlled mode, external temperature processes, it is judged that current cold degree, automatically revises accumulation of heat
Target temperature, implements accumulation of heat energising；In this temperature-controlled process, accumulation of heat target temperature is as cold
The change of degree and change；
Control device self and can detect the heat storage rate of rise in temperature when accumulation of heat, calculate and to reach
Conduction time necessary to accumulation of heat target temperature；
In order to reach target temperature, the time started by postponing energising carries out energising and controls operating, thus
Reaching 100% paddy phase electricity consumption, non-valley phase interruptible load heats.
The present invention uses technique scheme, it is achieved regenerative resource abundant, effectively utilize, and will be many
Plant the energy to organically combine, provide a kind of scientific and rational pattern for low-carbon (LC), green, healthy life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation concentrating branch control system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the single household autonomous control system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the pre-observing and controlling of cold degree carried out according to outer temperature in the heat storage floor heating system of the present invention
Schematic diagram processed；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram carrying out cold degree PREDICTIVE CONTROL in heat storage floor heating system according to room temperature；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the necessary amounts accumulation of heat used in latent-heat storage ground heating system controls.
Detailed description of the invention
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is made further
Detailed description, to help those skilled in the art to have completeer to inventive concept, the technical scheme of the present invention
Whole, accurate and deep understanding.
One, purpose, meaning:
1, for existing downtown areas building heat supplying system in terms of energy-conserving and environment-protective existing for bottleneck problem, this
Invention proposes and is applicable not only to regional area, and is more suitable for building heat supplying system of living widely or work
Electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion photovoltaic electric-heating and trough-electricity be complementary and aobvious latent heat accumulator stores utilize new
Pattern.By solar energy photovoltaic electric-heating (containing wind-powered electricity generation) and a new generation's safety and energy-saving Variable power electrothermal device and phase
Change energy-storage material and accumulation of energy application technology organically combine, as Variable power latent heat accumulator electric heating transformant:
(1) it is, complementary with trough-electricity with the non-electric power storage of solar energy, non-inversion photovoltaic electric；The change of distributed energy
Power split storing energy and supplying hot technology.
(2), combine the feature in geographical position residing for building house or working area, carry out non-electric power storage, non-inversion
" photoelectric heat ", " wind electric heating " utilize.Emphasis popularization and application in the Some Cities And Towns regionality residential housing of the whole nation,
Popularization and application can also be carried out in vast rural area or the outlying area without net electricity supply, it might even be possible to high and cold or
Extremely cold the polar areas, to solar energy, no storage battery, no-ningerse transformer, photovoltaic direct Variable power electric heating profit
With, form two systems: 1, water heater and hot-water heating system；2, ground radiation heating or radiator heating system
System..When solar refrigeration technology maturation, configuration refrigeration terminal, cold accumulation air-conditioner cooling system can be formed,
Lead the development in an all-round way that building distributed photovoltaic integrated heat supply (refrigeration) technology is applied in the world.
Two, main technical content:
1, adaptation the building non-electric power storage of solar photovoltaic of user side, non-inversion Variable power storing energy and supplying hot:
(1), photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heater and hot-water heating system, increasing in existing pressure-bearing type electric heater
If Variable power accumulation of energy electric heater, forming AC/DC, aobvious hidden heat energy storage, trough-electricity is complementary, application mode
By an original tank multicell, how tap, change into giving up middle heat energy conveying, according to character of use one tank one Room
(1-3) use, one open both hot water.
(2), heat: on the basis of existing terrestrial surface radiation Variable power accumulation of energy heats, change utilization of energy structure,
Photovoltaic generation, non-electric power storage, non-inversion direct-furnish Variable power is utilized daytime to add electric heating cable or Variable power accumulation of energy radiator
Electricity consumption；Use overcast and rainy or night trough-electricity complementary, carry out electric heating conversion, use latent sensible heat energy storage or complete
Sensible heat energy storage.Form of construction work uses site operation method and flat moulded prefabricated method, can not be carried, directly by intermediate heat
Tapping into row point family or central heating, photovoltaic electric uses distributed photovoltaic direct-furnish power supply.
2, distributed power source: distributed power source is rising in recent years, uses mini-plant to carry nearby to user
New Land use systems and facility for the energy.The present invention uses a kind of electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion photovoltaic
Electricity or wind-powered electricity generation are power supply, and running voltage can be according to the connection in series-parallel combination condition of photovoltaic battery panel or wind-power electricity generation
The size of machine, carries out seriation and is aided with mains hybrid；Can be safe voltage, it is also possible to be common voltage,
Form many power user.
By chronologically or temperature programmed, for alternating current-direct current switch；Or Variable power with invariable power respectively with automatically controlled
System, forms alternating current-direct current complementary.Same Variable power electrothermal device carries out information-based Based Intelligent Control and remote skill
Art, forms distributed Variable power electric heating system, deducts middle heat energy conveying process, it is achieved maximize the energy
Utilize, under the telecontrol engineering support of information-based Based Intelligent Control, carry out inter-trade optimizing and combining.Its complete district
Not in regular solar heat utilization, but a kind of brand-new, without middle heat energy conveying process various energy resources or
Claim the Land use systems of compound energy.Land use systems can be that a point family utilizes building decoration solar panel to power,
Can also concentrate large area packet and Integration of building, or independently installed solar panel, centralized power generation, point
Family powers, and uses electric wire to be connected formation photovoltaic electric water heater or photovoltaic electric-heating hot-water heating system with a point family.Simple easy
OK, branch control and household metering are the simplest.
3, photovoltaic electric-heating utilizes and the comparison brief analysis of solar thermal utilization:
Solar photovoltaic electricity transformation efficiency is relatively low, only 15～about 20%, and photothermal conversion efficiency can be up to 60%
Left and right.The present invention omits the decay of both " photoelectricity, photo-thermal " conversion devices for the time being and disregards (photovoltaic cell
25 years life-spans, photo-thermal heat collector 10～15 years), generally take identical nominal power by comparability when application
Carry out the comparison of actual recycling efficiency.Being contrasted by this actual application comparability, the equivalent of both turns
Actual utilization ratio after change is because the efficiency of application mode, terminal unit is closely-related.
Solar thermal utilization: as a example by typical solar water heater, due to exist four instability (collection thermally labile,
Conveying is unstable, it is unstable to store, use instability), the photothermal conversion nominal energy after thermal-arrest is because of aforementioned four
Item is unstable, loss up to 30-50%.
The non-electric power storage of photovoltaic, non-inversion direct electric heating utilize: with " the solar photovoltaic Variable power of Wuhu China of section research and development
Energy-accumulated water heater " as a example by, after referring to that adjusting photovoltaic electric converts due to the nominal power of solar panel
" photoelectric conversion nominal power ", is non-electric power storage, non-inversion, is directly transmitted by wire, by Variable power
The electric heater of wide cut running voltage carries out electric heating conversion, and its electric heating converts inside application terminal, without intermediate heat
Can conveying process, application terminal be " storage tank " in indoor storage, therefore its electric energy conveyance loss, electric heating turn
Change loss and standing losses only at 5-10%.
Implement in Wuhu Region for above two, as a example by 80 liters of water heaters, test through the comparative of nearly a year and take
Obtain the most significant effect." photovoltaic electric water heater " efficiency is far superior to " light heating electric water heater ".
4, self temperature control heating tape is a kind of intelligent Variable power electrothermal device, and used exothermic material is to have
The extraordinary conducting polymer composite material of ptc characteristics (i.e. resistance positive temperature coefficient effect).Therefore, automatic control
The resistance of temperature ribbon heater can increase along with the rising of heated system temperature, thus is automatically adjusted output,
To reach temperature control and energy-conservation purpose.Compared with other electrothermal device, have the advantage that
(1), AC/DC, ± 50% wide cut running voltage；
(2), low-temperature heat quick, electric heating conversion efficiency is high (100%)；
(3), can volitional check heating-up temperature, there is the feature such as switching characteristic and memory characteristic；
(4), arbitrary cut-off or spreading can use, install and use simplicity；
(5), when rated voltage works, product heating temp is up to 135 DEG C, and bearing temperature is up to 160 DEG C,
Self does not fires, safe and reliable, and service life is up to 50 years.
In consideration of it, using this extraordinary self temperature control heating tape or electrothermal device is variable power supply, in building and life
In facility alive, heat supply is ideal intelligent terminal.
5, latent-heat storage technology is that the solid-liquid phase-change process utilizing Inorganic phase change energy storage material is to realize the storage of energy
Depositing and discharge, its phase transformation temperature points seriation, enthalpy of phase change is up to more than 140KJ/Kg.Effective profit at the energy
Important function has been played with global climate protection aspect.Latent heat accumulator technology presents for residential housing field
Many advantages:
(1), latent heat of phase change big, accumulation property heat storage capacity is strong, and temperature substantially constant during phase transformation has temperature
Automatic control regulating power, thus reduce indoor air temperature fluctuation, the long period keeps temperature required, improves people
Body comfort level；
(2), non-heat supply time realize actively accumulation of energy temperature control, passive accumulation of energy sequential programming during heat supply, by heat absorption
The size variation of △ T1 and heat release △ T2, can realize paddy phase (night) electricity consumption accumulation of heat, the non-valley phase (daytime,
The i.e. peak phase) power failure heat supply, on the contrary photovoltaic electric-heating also may be used.
(3), latent heat accumulator system can by peak phase power load to the paddy phase shift, peak load shifting on electric power,
Or solar energy photovoltaic electric-heating energy on daytime was shifted to night, alleviate the disparities between supply and demand of energy, be state's household electric
Electricity consumption and the various energy resources of encouraging frugality in " demand Side Management " and the energy 12 planning in policy is combined
The effective ways utilized.
(4), alleviate the bearing load of building, reduce construction cost.
(5), in electric heater, in conjunction with Variable power electrothermal device, can be with quick heat-collector heat accumulation, it is possible to fast
The defeated heat of speed, reaches little storage tank, the big energy storage of 2-3 times.
6, in view of self temperature control heating tape have alternating current-direct current, Variable power, Width funtion, switch memory characteristic and energy-conservation,
The features such as safety, length in service life, phase-change material has the advantage that accumulation of heat (cold) ability is strong, the two is had
Machine combines, and carries out non-electric power storage, non-inversion, Variable power accumulation property electric heating in " photovoltaic utilization " field
Conversion and accumulation property latent heat storage, both solved distributed solar power supply generating non-electric power storage, non-inversion, light
Volt Variable power electric power directly utilizes problem, substantially increases again the utilization rate of trough-electricity.The technical side of the present invention
Case will become brand-new and the most potential technology, and the generating of allround promotion solar energy, wind energy off-network
The Innovative Development grown with each passing hour.The Land use systems of the single energy of tradition, will by regenerative resource with net electricity mutually
Compound multiple-energy-source application idea and the mode mended are replaced, and the technology that the present invention provides will become a kind of revolutionary
Trend.
Three, solar photovoltaic (and wind-powered electricity generation) Variable power energy-accumulated water heater and hot-water heating system:
1, solar photovoltaic Variable power energy-accumulated water heater:
Distributed power source is rising in recent years, uses mini-plant to provide the new profit of the energy nearby to user
With mode and facility.Produced by this electric power storage distributed, non-, non-inversion photovoltaic electric or wind generator variable
Power supply, running voltage can according to the series and parallel combination condition of photovoltaic battery panel or the size of wind-driven generator,
Carry out seriation and be aided with mains hybrid；Can be safe voltage can also be common voltage.Form many power supplys
User, carries out alternating current-direct current switching control by electric heating terminal, forms AC/DC, shares same Variable power
Electrothermal device is attached；Different invariable power can also be respectively used to and Variable power heater is carried out by alternating current-direct current
Complementation, simplified control system, form distributed Variable power electric heating system.It is straight that it is different from solar heat completely
Connect utilization, but a kind of brand-new regenerative resource electric heating Land use systems.
(1), solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heater is called for short " solar photovoltaic water heater ", is to have the world
The AC-DC double power supply of advanced level, Variable power and invariable power complementation electric heating, latent heat of phase change and water sensible heat accumulation of energy
A kind of novel solar water heater, main feature is as follows:
Power supply: with solar panel sent out Variable power photovoltaic electric, or wind-power electricity generation, it is not necessary to through electric power storage another mistake
Become, and directly by photovoltaic electric or wind-powered electricity generation, supply Variable power heater carries out electric heating conversion, carries out tank water
Heating, until water temperature rises to power-off temperature control when 90 DEG C, as long as otherwise having sunlight or wind-force, i.e. carries out electric heating
Convert.When overcast and rainy, night, or time calm, it is aided with trough-electricity (i.e. the electricity of rubbish in net electricity, half price electricity)
Carry out complementation, special circumstances rapid, high volume water re-using, it is also possible to be changed into AC Electric Heater hydrophone, meet need
Ask.
Phase-changing energy-storing water tank: pressure-bearing type enamel or rustless steel ecological water tank, hard polyurethane foam is incubated,
Capacity seriation (10～80L), meets individual requirement, is disposed in the interior or uses water terminal.Arrange in tank
Phase-changing energy-storing device and Variable power heater or invariable power heater, quick heat accumulation, quick heat radiating, little storage tank is big
Heat accumulation (2-3 times with capacity heat accumulation), double electricity full cut-ofves, in tank, water temperature accumulation of heat can maintain 5-7 days.
Electric heater: exchange invariable power heater one, direct current Variable power heater one are set in tank, divide
Not for exchange and photovoltaic variable DC voltage, or Variable power AC/DC heater one is only set, directly
Stream voltage can be 110V or 220V, it is also possible to answers customer requirement to use safe voltage, exchanges as 220V,
Same voltage gradation is taken during AC/DC.
(2), controller:
1), exchanging single channel sequential programming Based Intelligent Control, temperature shows.Two-way temperature respectively independently controls, mutually
Mend and do not interfere with each other；
2), exchange intelligence or Non-follow control, meet the emergency water of special circumstances, i.e. rapid, high volume and repeat to need
Seek water use model:
Top ability of swimming water, once having opened hot water；May be used without non-pressure mode water；
Without middle heat energy conveying；
Outdoor without water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe, therefore without anti-frozen block；
Directly can mix water homoiothermic by hot and cold water, it is also possible to cooling hot mixing tap water.
(3), mode of operation:
1), based on solar photovoltaic, wind-power electricity generation, exchange trough-electricity is complementary；The most interchangeable is that master is
Auxiliary, different depending on electric energy configuration；
2), alternating current single channel sequential programming, temperature shows, temperature independently controls；
3), the non-electric power storage of photovoltaic electric, wind electricity, non-inversion direct power supply thermal technology make to show, temperature independently controls；
4), dual power supply, many power supplys power the most respectively or control switching, do not interfere with each other.
Four, Variable power accumulation of energy ground radiation heating:
1, laid with building structure layer or phase-change accumulation energy equipment with living facilities self limiting temperature heating tape by building
Between surface layer and thermal insulation layer, form energy storage ground.AC/DC, solar photovoltaic electricity, wind-power electricity generation,
Non-electric power storage, non-inversion are directly powered complementary with civil power (low ebb phase).
(1), this ground when low temperature heats up, be rapidly heated with the 1.5-2 times power of design power, and can be with
In the temperature-rise period of ground, self limiting temperature adds the stepless rapid decrease of electric heating cable output, therefore with rice power
During 20-30W/m, every square metre only needs about 5 meters, is distributed thinner, without producing overheated ground.Local
Surface temperature reaches≤30 DEG C time, add the output of electric heating cable close to the 50% of design power, and stepless from
Adjusting self compensation, when covering the mulching materials such as carpet, it is overheated that ground does not haves yet, can automatic temp limit.
Therefore this flooring-safe, comfortable, durable, constant temperature.
(2), when using valley power consumption, non-low ebb phase power failure heating system, room temperature at night is controlled
Having a power failure when 22-25 DEG C, accumulation of energy ground meets accumulation of energy condition simultaneously.Owing to arranging some in this ground
Efficient phase-change energy storage material and earth construction layer or levelling packed layer auxiliary automatic constant-temperature is latent, sensible heat energy storage,
Realize 100% paddy phase electricity consumption, non-valley phase complete interruptible load, discharge heat energy, as a means of the required energy of heating, and
Energy-conservation by computer network control bonding behavior, the heat supply and the Based Intelligent Control that form individual demand are multi-functional
System.
2, composite energy storage defeated thermally face multifunctional body (latent heat of phase change energy storage Variable power radiator can also be made),
Utilize computer software to work out behavior energy saving desired procedure, carry out networking centralized Control, it is not necessary to build thermoelectricity again
Factory and lay conveyance conduit, non-maintaining, save time, investment reduction, meet modern Urban-rural Development speed, especially
It is to without the new zone development of central heating condition, the fast development of Rural Urbanization Construction, it is provided that combine for one
Close auxiliary facility feasible scheme.
3, computer network control system:
(1), computer network control system can be to solar photovoltaic, the non-electric power storage of wind-powered electricity generation, non-inversion and paddy phase
Electricity consumption, ground radiation heating quality, power load characteristic, store heat with ambient temperature and time behavior,
Electricity consumption behavior realizes centralized intelligence control, by " heating website, heating server, network controller, number
According to mutual machine, indoor and outdoor temperature controller, self limiting temperature accumulation of heat ground based terminal " form this intelligence control system.
(2), system principle block diagram concentration branch control system as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, single household are independent
Control system.
(3), computer network control major function:
1), authorization application function；
2), report form statistics and analytic function；
3), data storage, backup functionality；
4), remote-monitoring function；
5), networking verifying function；
6), operation historical record function.
(4), computer system software function technology requires:
1), use the equipment being configured with CPU processor and stocking system, make intelligent decision be achieved, energy
By situation intelligent decision such as outdoor temperature, surface temperature, transformer load situation, temperature anomaly changes,
Make the place needing most heating be immediately available for warming, make temperature accurately control, make electric energy to utilize and reach optimal
Rationalize.
2), partial pressure can be discharged at transformer load full load, it is achieved transformer load automatic governing.
3) heating priority system, is set up, it is achieved user profile storageization, heat supply information data, can be with
Erp systematization is set up in business administration, makes heating system modularity.
Erp system refers to set up on Information Technology Foundation, with systematized management thought, for business decision layer
And employee provides decision-making to run the management platform of means.
(5), computer system temperature control technology requires:
1), using controller to use centralized Control weak electricity system, (strong and weak electricity separates branch control strong power system
System) netted corresponding relation, and family formula controller is designed as the final end-of-pipe control at a corresponding family
Unit.
2), controller should be furnished with CPU processor, stocking system, function button and display screen, can be combined real
Existing intelligence system not available for temperature controller system.
3), controller the function of temperature controller can be made to integrate with the effect of this family graduation two electronic box, become
One equipment.
4), controller should installation, maintenance, debug, the aspect such as upgrading uses convenient simple principle.
5), controller be generally mounted to open air, use indoor again without heavy current installation and the wiring peace of any bright dress
Dress leak.
4, energy storage temperature control device and technology require:
(1), the temperature control equipment of accumulation of heat ground heating system:
The temperature of common heating system controls, and is by current temperature and target temperature (design temperature)
Compare；Carry out electrified regulation in the case of Current Temperatures is relatively low, stop logical when that Current Temperatures being higher
Electrical heating, thus temperature is maintained at certain degree, immediately temperature is controlled.And accumulation of heat ground
The temperature of heating system controls, although be the most also to use surface temperature to control, but the process controlled is complete
Complete different.In accumulation of heat ground heating system, utilize valley period power to carry out electrified regulation, and heat is stored
Come, the when of waiting until to need daytime heating system to run, by having stored oneself of the ground self of heat
So heat release carries out heating.Therefore, there is no temperature controlled method by day, it is impossible to carry out real-time temperature control
System.
In the temperature of accumulation of heat ground heating system controls, for the heating of second day, previous night was necessary for standard
Get the conditions such as regenerator temperature ready, start accumulation of heat, and complete accumulation of heat in the next morning.In order to successfully enter
Row heating, at least takes the look-ahead cold degree of second day, thus determines power on condition.Current accumulation of heat
The temperature of ground heating system controls, and has been able to the cold degree predicting second day, or trembling with fear according to the same day
Cold degree, the temperature suitable by comparison carries out accumulation of heat, thus successfully carries out heating.
(2), self limiting temperature adds the temperature control mode of electric heating cable accumulation of heat ground heating.
1), general control:
In design of heating system, first have to calculate heat storage (ground coagulation necessary to ground heating system
Soil or latent heat storage material) temperature, operate in this, as accumulation of heat target temperature.Drive manner is
Valley period power power supply at dead of night is initially powered up while starting, after arriving accumulation of heat target temperature, until the paddy phase
In the moment that power supply stops, during this period of time being regulated by temperature and maintain temperature.
This temperature control mode only could maintain certain temperature to store accumulation of heat target temperature is constant when
Heat, along with the change of weather, heating effect also can change.Therefore, this mode is applicable to be susceptible to
The room affected to outer temperature, such as, has the building of the RC structure of thicker concrete wall, the most outward
The room of metope, the room etc. that room area is relatively big, wall face proportion is less.At present, along with following
It is universal that the cold degree PREDICTIVE CONTROL that will illustrate and necessary amounts accumulation of heat control, its corresponding valley period power power
The enforcement of preferential policy, both modes will progressively replace general control, become accumulation of heat ground heating system
Major temperature control mode.
2), the cold degree PREDICTIVE CONTROL carried out according to outer temperature:
The required heat of point family intelligence or computer central heating is the outer temperature of dependence to a great extent,
Outer temperature has the change of 3 types, as heating equipment, it is necessary to take effective counter-measure: 1),
The early, middle and late time changes the change caused；2), Changes in weather causes day unit change；3),
Week that seasonal variations causes, the change of moon unit.
Time changes the change caused, and carries out heating for the room bigger for thermal capacity with one day for the cycle
For heat storage floor heating system, the problem that has nothing special.But, from a week, one month
From the point of view of longer interval, from autumn to severe winter, then to spring, along with weather gradually turns cold, the most gradually warm
Seasonal variations.The seasonal variations of this heating, the countermeasure that accumulation of heat ground heating system is taked, it is simply that
Temperature controlled mode, external temperature processes, it is judged that current cold degree, automatically revises accumulation of heat
Target temperature, implements accumulation of heat energising.In this temperature-controlled process, accumulation of heat target temperature is as cold
The change of degree and change.
In this adjusting means, control device self and can detect that the heat storage temperature when accumulation of heat rises
Speed, calculates conduction time necessary to accumulation of heat target temperature to be reached.
In order to reach target temperature, the time started by postponing energising carries out energising and controls operating.Thus
Reaching 100% paddy phase electricity consumption, non-valley phase interruptible load heats.This temperature controlled process such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4
Shown in Fig. 5.
Shown in above figure is the situation in latent-heat storage ground heating system.Even if lengthening thermal storage time,
Temperature changes the most hardly.In the case of sensible heat ground heating system, the heating persistent period
Determined by regenerator temperature, therefore can change regenerator temperature by the regulation energising time started.
Five, instance analysis:
The present invention is to be applied to 300m2Resolving as a example by villa, its concrete data are as follows:
Space heating load: 40W/m2(construction area)；
Supporting photovoltaic cell module: 40 × 1.5=60W/m2；
300m2 heats 12KW/300m2Supporting photovoltaic battery panel 18KW, every piece of 285W, count 64 pieces of planks.
If using column photovoltaic tracking instrument support, often 16 blocks of plates of group, count 4 groups, often organize 4.56KW.
Owing to 18KW is used for the employing latent sensible heat accumulation of energy that heats winter, overcast and rainy combination trough-electricity complementation,
When having the sun, daytime, the inadequate trough-electricity of ight was complementary for thermal regenerator；
Domestic hot-water uses non-electric power storage, non-inversion photovoltaic Variable power energy-accumulated water heater 6, and the four seasons are for life heat
Water, every electric heater 500-1000W.Due to pressure-bearing type direct-furnish hot water, trough-electricity complementary thermal hydrophone
Capacity is 40L, 60L, 80L, 100L, about total capacity 200-500L.All illumination brightening uses LED
Energy-conservation non-inversion configuration 3-5KVA accumulator.
Cost of investment is adjusted:
Floor heating Variable power heating cable and operating expenses: 300m2× 150 yuan/m2=4.5 ten thousand yuan；
Photovoltaic battery panel and tracker: 18000 × 5 yuan/W=9 unit；
Illumination+accumulator: 5KW × 3=1.5 ten thousand yuan；
Water heater: 6 × 2000 yuan/platform=1.2 ten thousand yuan；
Three gross investment meter 4.5+9+1.5+1.2=16.2 ten thousand yuan, add up to gross investment 16.2 ten thousand yuan whole.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is exemplarily described, it is clear that the present invention implements not by upper
State the restriction of mode, if the various unsubstantialities that the method design that have employed the present invention is carried out with technical scheme
Improvement, or the most improved design by the present invention and technical scheme directly apply to other occasion, all exists
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. electric power storage distributed, non-, a control method for non-inversion solar photovoltaic Variable power accumulation of energy electric heating system, described electric heating
System is provided with device of solar generating and wind power generation plant；Described electric heating system is also connected with utility grid；
Described device of solar generating, wind power generation plant and utility grid, by chronologically or temperature programmed for alternating current-direct current
The controller of switching or Variable power and invariable power power consumption control respectively, is connected in described electric heating system；
Described electric heating system uses computer network intelligent control system to be controlled, described computer network Based Intelligent Control system
System is provided with heating website, heating server, network controller, data interaction machine, indoor and outdoor temperature controller, self limiting temperature accumulation of heat
Ground based terminal or self limiting temperature electrothermal device；
The electricity consumption facility of described electric heating system includes hot-water heating system, Hydronic radiant floor heating system and the heating system of employing radiator；
Described hot-water heating system is provided with water heater, arranges exchange invariable power heater one in the tank of described water heater, and direct current becomes
Power accumulation of energy electric heater one；Or AC/DC Variable power electric heater one is only set；
Described water heater uses phase-changing energy-storing water tank, and its structure is pressure-bearing type enamel or rustless steel ecological water tank, built-in phase transformation
Energy storage module or tank inner wall arrange energy storage materials of phase change integument；Its heat-insulation layer uses hard polyurethane foam insulation material；
Described water heater uses intelligent Variable power self temperature control heating tape or the PTC Variable power electrothermal device with ptc characteristics；
Described Hydronic radiant floor heating system is to be located in building structure layer by self limiting temperature electrothermal device in building with living facilities,
Or phase-change accumulation energy equipment is laid between surface layer and thermal insulation layer, form energy storage ground；Or by energy storage materials of phase change fill described
Among self limiting temperature electrothermal device；
Described self limiting temperature electrothermal device is the intelligent Variable power self temperature control heating tape with ptc characteristics；Described Variable power electricity
Thermal device is the temperature self controlled electrically-heated device of intelligent Variable power with ptc characteristics, or described Variable power electrothermal device is inorganic
Class PTC electrothermal module；
It is characterized in that:
The control mode of described computer network intelligent control system is:
1), use the equipment being configured with CPU processor and stocking system, make intelligent decision be achieved, by gathering outdoor temperature
The data of degree, surface temperature, transformer load situation, temperature anomaly change carry out intelligent decision, make to need most the place of heating
It is immediately available for warming, makes temperature accurately control, make utilization of power reach most preferably and rationalize；
2), partial pressure is discharged at transformer load full load, it is achieved transformer load automatic governing；
3) heating priority system, is set up, it is achieved user profile stores, heat supply information data；Erp is set up with business administration
Systematization, makes heating system modularity；
The temperature control mode of the heating system of described Hydronic radiant floor heating system or employing radiator is:
1), general control:
First system calculates regenerator temperature necessary to ground heating system, and described heat storage is ground concrete or latent heat
Heat-storing material；Operate in this, as accumulation of heat target temperature；Drive manner is while valley period power power supply at dead of night starts
It is initially powered up；After arriving accumulation of heat target temperature, until the moment that the supply of valley period power power stops, during this period of time passing through temperature
Regulation maintains temperature；
2), carry out non-electric power storage according to solar irradiation situation of change, the direct photovoltaic electric-heating of non-inversion and valley power consumption carry out complementary heat supply:
A, time daytime in winter, solar irradiation was fine, after completing hot-water heating system heat supply heat accumulation simultaneously or proceed to Variable power heating system with
Low ebb accumulation of energy electric heating carries out complementary heating；
B, according to the installed capacity size of photovoltaic cell and Changes in weather situation, select time length or the low ebb phase room of valley power consumption
The height of temperature carries out complementation；
3), the cold degree PREDICTIVE CONTROL carried out according to outer temperature:
Dividing family intelligence or the required heat of computer central heating, relevant to outer temperature to a great extent, outer temperature has three
The change of type, takes the counter-measure to be as heating equipment:
A, early, middle and late time change the change caused；
B, Changes in weather cause day unit change；
Week that c, seasonal variations cause, the change of moon unit；
The countermeasure that the heating system of accumulation of heat ground heating system or employing radiator is taked, it is simply that temperature controlled mode,
Externally temperature processes, it is judged that current cold degree, automatically amendment accumulation of heat target temperature, implements accumulation of heat energising；This
Planting in temperature-controlled process, accumulation of heat target temperature is as the change of cold degree and changes；
Control device self and can detect the heat storage rate of rise in temperature when accumulation of heat, calculate accumulation of heat target temperature to be reached
Necessary conduction time；
In order to reach target temperature, the time started by postponing energising carries out energising and controls operating, thus reaches for 100% paddy phase
Electricity consumption, non-valley phase interruptible load heats.
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| CN107192007A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 天津中德应用技术大学 | Electricity floor heating energy consumption monitoring system based on internet |
| CN107783941B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-09-29 | 国网浙江省电力公司杭州供电公司 | Solar energy compensation type electric boiler heat supply control method based on valley electricity price change |
| CN108006996B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-04-17 | 河北金争充电设备有限公司 | Solar photo-thermal energy storage heating straw comprehensive utilization method and system |
| CN108306408A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-20 | 上思县东岽电子科技有限责任公司 | A kind of photovoltaic electric and the dual-purpose electric heater of alternating current |
| CN108592450A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-28 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of combined supply system |
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Effective date of registration: 20190102 Address after: Room 309-2, Office Building of the Administrative Committee of the Former Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tanghuai Park, Taiyuan Comprehensive Reform Demonstration Zone, Shanxi Province Patentee after: Shanxi Yaohua Electric energy saving heating Co., Ltd. Address before: 241002 No. 2 Haihe Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Wuhu Kehua New Material Application Co., Ltd. |
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Address after: Room 309-2, Office Building of the Administrative Committee of the Former Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tanghuai Park, Taiyuan Comprehensive Reform Demonstration Zone, Shanxi Province Patentee after: Shanxi Yaohua Electric power energy saving Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 309-2, Office Building of the Administrative Committee of the Former Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tanghuai Park, Taiyuan Comprehensive Reform Demonstration Zone, Shanxi Province Patentee before: Shanxi Yaohua Electric energy saving heating Co.,Ltd. |