Background technology
Skin is the largest organ of human body, is the natural cover for defense that maintains homoiostasis and stop microorganism invasion; Yet large area is exposed to extraneous feature, make skin be easy to be subject to the external injuries such as burn, mechanical injury.Because the pathogen such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli are bred on wound, easily cause wound infection; The wound infecting is difficult for healing, easily causes body fluid to run off and causes various complication.
Be called the gauze class dressing of traditional dressing, generally by Cotton Gossypii, lint and linen, processed.This class dressing practicality is the strongest, power of influence is maximum, Applicative time is the longest, still occupies at present very big market share.Such dressing advantage is: has certain absorbability, makes simply, and low price, reusable; Shortcoming is: thus cannot keep wound surface moisteningly to cause that wound healing postpones, dressing fiber easily causes foreign body reaction impact healing, easy damaged new life's tissue, pathogen is easily large etc. by the dressing being soaked into, the workload of changing dressings while changing dressings, and the bacterial resistance that in gauze dressing, topical application antibiotic causes more makes infective wound surface be difficult to healing.
1962, British scientist George doctor Winter has invented " wet method therapy ", he finds in zoopery, and under airtight moist environment, to be exposed to air drying wound surface more fast again for speed of wound healing ratio, thereby established, adopts new pattern compress to process the theoretical basis of wound surface.Since then, the various new-type dressing based on this thought is developed widely, as hydrocolloid dressing, aerogel dressing etc.Aerogel dressing has obviously alleviating pain, absorbing wound exudate, and air permeable humidity retaining, and more can not destroy the wound tissue of having healed during change dressings, transparently can observe the advantages such as wound healing situation; Meanwhile, now proved and used moisture-preserving dressing wound re-epithelialization ability to be significantly improved to the local wet condition of creating an imitation wound surface blister physiological healing of wound, wound surface is healed at faster speed.Therefore, aerogel dressing obtains the generally attention of various countries.
The main preparation methods of aerogel dressing has chemical method, freezing method and radiation method etc.In hydrogel prepared by chemical method, conventionally understand harmful small-molecule substances such as the required cross-linking agent of residual reaction process and initiator, affect its use.Freezing method is a kind of very effective method of preparing polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel of being reported the earliest by Peppas, the hydrogel that the method makes has good springiness and the advantage such as mechanical strength is large, but this hydrogel is a kind of physical gel, when higher temperature, can melt into solution, and the swellbility of hydrogel is less and opaque, affect the observation to wound in therapeutic process.The freezing thawing time of reporting in document is 8-24h conventionally, and manufacturing cycle is long, is unfavorable for the production of product.Radiation method causes the crosslinked aerogel dressing that makes by high-energy radiation, its process does not need to add the harmful substances such as any chemical cross-linking agent and initiator, product is pure, in addition, radiation can at room temperature be carried out, reaction condition is gentle, and can control properties of product by controlling radiation dose, close rate etc., and gel formation and sterilizing simultaneously can be carried out simultaneously.
" containing the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel dressing of medicine, chitosan and preparation method thereof " that is published on June 13rd, 2007 (CN1320931C) discloses a kind of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel dressing containing medicine, chitosan, this medical hydrogel dressings can be used for treating various skin traumas and burn and scald, still has sorptivety liquid ability, has the residual shortcoming of the harmful substances such as plasticizer; " a kind of containing nanometer silver and carboxymethyl chitosan medical dressing and preparation method thereof " who is published on July 6th, 2011 (CN102114265A) disclose a kind of containing nanometer silver and carboxymethyl chitosan medical dressing, there is good antibiotic effect, but have, cannot keep wound surface moistening, cause wound healing to postpone; Be difficult for the shortcoming such as uncovering from wound surface; " the having the liquid wound-dressing that promotes wound healing, antibacterial functions " that be published on October 25th, 2006 (CN100471528C) discloses a kind of liquid (gel) wound dressing that promotes wound healing, antibacterial functions that has, this medical dressing has anti-inflammatory analgesic, promotes the effect of wound healing, but has the shortcoming that absorbs transudate ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly can absorb transudate, transparent, ventilative, waterproof, not good with tissue adhesion, pliability, and there is the antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing that is applicable to burn and scald, mechanicalness wound, operative incision and chronic wound protection and treatment of anti-microbial property.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing, its main component is water miscible high molecular polymer, have pseudoplastic functional polymer, antibacterial and water.The content of each main component is: by the water miscible high molecular polymer of mass fraction 2%-12%, 0.1%-4% has pseudoplastic high molecular polymer, the antibacterial of 0.01%-3% and the water of surplus.
Wherein, described water miscible high molecular polymer can be one or more in water-soluble high molecular polymer and synthesizing water-solubility high molecular polymer, or is both combination.Described water-soluble high molecular polymer can be one or more the combination in alginic acid and derivant, hyaluronic acid and derivant thereof etc.; Described alginic acid derivant can be selected from sodium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, calcium alginate and potassium alginate etc.; The optional self-induced transparency matter acid of described derivatives of hyaluronic acids, hyaluronate sodium, calcium hyauronate and Curiosin etc.Described synthesizing water-solubility high molecular polymer can be one or more the combination in polyurethane, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol oxide and sodium polyacrylate; Wherein more preferably high molecular polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Described have pseudoplastic natural polymers and can be one or more the combination in agar powder, agarose, gelatin and carrageenan etc.
Described antibacterial is the effective material of kill pathogenic organisms, can be selected from one or more in inorganic antiseptic, organic antibacterial agent and natural antibacterial agent; Wherein: more preferably antibacterial is inorganic antiseptic or natural antibacterial agent; Described inorganic antiseptic can be silver ion and/or nanometer silver, and described silver ion and/or nanometer silver exist with the form of ion, simple substance; Described organic antibacterial can be water miscible quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial, as quaternary ammonium salt cationic polyacrylamide antibacterial, single pyridine quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial, biquaternary ammonium salts bactericides and/or compound quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial etc.; Described natural antibacterial agent can be the extract of the natural animal-plant with bacteriostasis, as chitin, chitosan and derivant thereof, mustard, Oleum Ricini and/or Wasabia japonic (Euterma Wasabi) etc., is preferably chitin, chitosan and derivant thereof.Described chitosan and derivant thereof are that micromolecule amount chitosan (Mr:2 ten thousand) or macromolecule chitosan (Mr:200 ten thousand) share with micromolecule amount chitosan (Mr:2 ten thousand).
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing above-mentioned antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing.
The method of described antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing, comprises the following steps:
1) by formula, take each component;
2) by high molecular weight water soluble polymer with to have pseudoplastic high molecular polymer soluble in water, in more than 90 ℃ water-bath, reflux and form homogeneous solution A, again that antibacterial is soluble in water, stir and form uniform solution B, finally A, two kinds of solution of B are mixed, water complements to gross weight, is stirred into uniform solution;
3) by step 2) in uniform solution carry out, after defoaming treatment, pouring in shaping dies, cooling formation pseudoplastic behavior solid;
4) the pseudoplastic behavior solid in step 3) is at room temperature carried out to cross-linking radiation and sterilizing, radiation mode can be 60Co gamma-radiation or high-power electron beam ray, and exposure time is 10-40min, and irradiation dose is 10K-70K.
Wherein, the defoaming treatment mode in described step 3) is standing froth breaking, ultrasonic froth breaking or froth in vacuum.
The present invention is with such scheme; provide a kind of and can absorb transudate; transparent, ventilative, waterproof, not good with tissue adhesion, pliability; and there is anti-microbial property, be applicable to antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing of burn and scald, mechanicalness wound, operative incision and chronic wound protection and treatment and preparation method thereof.This dressing main component is water miscible high molecular polymer, has pseudoplastic functional polymer, antibacterial and water, and through series of process, by its molten being integrated, solution casting, in mould, solidifies and obtains by irradiation sterilization.Wound healing test, In vitro Bactericidal Experiments test result show effectively wound healing of the present invention, and various bacteria is had to good bacteriostatic activity, and bacteriostasis rate reaches more than 70%.Positive progressive part of the present invention is:
(1) this aerogel dressing is cross-linked with sterilizing and has been synchronizeed by radiation mode, and preparation method is simple, has greatly shortened manufacturing cycle, and product is pure, and the gel transparency of gained is high, swellbility is large, intensity is high.
(2) the present invention chooses agar powder, agarose, gelatin, carrageenan etc. and has one or more in pseudoplastic natural polymers, makes at room temperature precuring of sample, forms false gel, is beneficial to packing and transportation before irradiation process.
(3) in the hydrogel in the present invention, can add one or more in inorganic antiseptic or natural antibacterial agent, the antibacterial that can effectively suppress wound surface infects, and gram positive bacteria and negative bacterium are had to good inhibitory action, is difficult for producing drug resistance, promote cell regeneration, accelerate wound repair.
(4) hydrogel in the present invention does not have the additives such as irritating solvent and wetting agent, plasticizer containing other, has avoided the toxic and side effects of such material to skin, has improved its biocompatibility.
In sum, antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing of the present invention is obviously better than existing aerogel dressing, there is antibiotic evident in efficacy, transparent, the advantage such as water content is high, preparation method is simple, product is pure, nontoxic, non-stimulated, good biocompatibility, suit large area to popularize and apply.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing, its main component is water miscible high molecular polymer, have pseudoplastic functional polymer, antibacterial and water.
Specifically, the content of described each main component of antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing is: by the high molecular weight water soluble polymer of mass fraction 2%-12%, 0.1%-4% has pseudoplastic high molecular polymer, the antibacterial of 0.01%-3% and the water of surplus.
water miscible high molecular polymer
In the present invention, water miscible high molecular polymer can be one or more in natural and synthetic high molecular polymer, or is both combination, and during combination, ratio does not limit.
Water-soluble high molecular polymer can be one or more the combination in alginic acid and derivant, hyaluronic acid and derivant thereof etc., and during combination, ratio does not limit; Described alginic acid derivant can be selected from sodium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, calcium alginate and potassium alginate etc.; The optional self-induced transparency matter acid of described hyaluronic acid and derivant thereof, hyaluronate sodium, calcium hyauronate and Curiosin etc.Water-soluble high molecular polymer has unique biocompatibility and biological activity, can be used as the effective ingredient of aerogel dressing.When radiation method is prepared medical hydrogel dressings, add a certain proportion of water-soluble high molecular polymer, can improve the biocompatibility of hydrogel: simultaneously, water-soluble natural high molecular polymer can be filled in gel network space after degrading under actinism, plays the effect that improves gel strength.
Synthesizing water-solubility high molecular polymer can be one or more the combination in polyurethane, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol oxide and sodium polyacrylate, during combination, ratio does not limit, and is more preferably wherein polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone.Synthetic high molecular weight water soluble polymer is because of its good biocompatibility, mechanical performance and safety, and is widely used in medical industry.If the hydrogel being formed by its manufacture is being widely used aspect ophthalmology, wound dressing and artificial joint, there is unique powerful cementability, pliability, flatness, oil resistivity, solvent resistance, protecting colloid, wearability and through special handling, there is the advantages such as resistance to water.
there is pseudoplastic natural polymers
In the present invention, have pseudoplastic natural polymers and can be one or more the combination in agar powder, agarose, gelatin and carrageenan etc., during combination, ratio does not limit.This base polymer has and in the hot water of dissolving in, forms solution, forms the character of false solid after cooling, sample is played to the effect of pre-solid, is convenient to carry out next step operation.
antibacterial
In the present invention, antibacterial is the effective material of kill pathogenic organisms, can be selected from one or more in inorganic antiseptic, organic antibacterial agent and natural antibacterial agent, and during combination, ratio does not limit, and wherein more preferably antibacterial is inorganic antiseptic or natural antibacterial agent.
Inorganic antiseptic can be silver ion and/or nanometer silver, and described silver ion and/or nanometer silver exist with the form of ion, simple substance;
Organic antibacterial can be water miscible quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial, as quaternary ammonium salt cationic polyacrylamide antibacterial, single pyridine quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial, biquaternary ammonium salts bactericides and/or compound quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial etc.;
Natural antibacterial agent can be the extract of the natural animal-plant with bacteriostasis, as chitin, chitosan and derivant thereof, mustard, Oleum Ricini and/or Wasabia japonic (Euterma Wasabi) etc., is preferably chitin, chitosan and derivant thereof.Wherein:
Chitin be by N-acetyl group-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-Glucose with B-1, the polysaccharide that 4 glycosidic bond forms are formed by connecting, chitosan is the product of the deacetylation of chitin.Chitin or chitosan especially micromolecule amount chitosan have significant bacteriostasis, and the skin bacterium existing for general human epidermal all has obvious inhibition as staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus pyocyaneus, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes etc. of causing burn patient to infect.Meanwhile, chitosan can promote epithelial regeneration, accelerates the speed of wound healing, improves wound healing quality.Macromolecule chitosan can biodegradation, produces oligosaccharide, oligosaccharide, and monosaccharide even, and then bring into play the function that it accelerates cell proliferation and strengthens tissue remodeling.Meaningfully: it is good that macromolecule chitosan has into film-strength, it is high that micromolecule amount chitosan has biological activity, the feature of good water-retaining property, the present invention share the advantage that can give full play to separately, the medical dressing that processability is good macromolecule chitosan and micromolecule amount chitosan.
In the present invention, described water is purified water (clean deionized water or distilled water).
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing above-mentioned antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing, specifically can comprise the following steps:
1) by formula, take each component;
2) by high molecular weight water soluble polymer with to have pseudoplastic high molecular polymer soluble in water, in more than 90 ℃ water-bath, reflux and form homogeneous solution A, again that antibacterial is soluble in water, stir and form uniform solution B, finally A, two kinds of solution of B are mixed, water complements to gross weight, is stirred into uniform solution;
3) by step 2) in uniform solution carry out, after defoaming treatment, pouring in shaping dies, cooling formation pseudoplastic behavior solid;
4) the pseudoplastic behavior solid in step 3) is at room temperature carried out to cross-linking radiation and sterilizing, radiation mode can be
60co gamma-radiation or high-power electron beam ray, exposure time is 10-40min, irradiation dose is 10K-70K.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the defoaming treatment mode in described step 3) can be standing froth breaking, ultrasonic froth breaking or froth in vacuum.
Embodiment implements take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, has provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, and embodiment will contribute to understand the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
In following embodiment, method therefor is conventional method if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1-10, prepare antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing
The formula of embodiment of the present invention 1-10 antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing and comparative example is as shown in table 1-2
The formula of table 1 embodiment 1-5 antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing and comparative example 1
(grams of each component in every 1000g antibacterial heal-promoting hydrogel)
The formula of table 2 embodiment 6-10 antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing and comparative example 2
(grams of each component in every 1000g antibacterial heal-promoting hydrogel)
Test one, particular product performance parameters detect
The performance parameter of aerogel dressing prepared by embodiment 1-10 detects, and the product of embodiment 1-10 meets following requirement:
1, character: be faint yellow or yellow transparent gel.
2, water absorption rate: get the sample each a little of embodiment 1-10, prepare to weigh (W
0), in purified water, soak after 24h, take out and dry surface moisture with filter paper, (W accurately weighs
t), the part (W of hydrogel weightening finish
t-W
0) account for hydrogel original weight (W
0) percentage ratio, i.e. water absorption rate.The sample water absorption rate of embodiment 1-10 is all greater than 200%.
3, the own bacteria-measuring of product: method is undertaken by GB/T14233.2-2005 pertinent regulations.Measurement result shows that product itself is aseptic.
4, skin irritation index (PII) is measured: the method by GB/T16886.10-2005 regulation is carried out, and requires acute contact 24 hours, and index is all not more than 0.5.Measurement result shows that product meets the requirements.
5, sensitization of skin reaction assay: the closed sensitization test (STT) method by GB/T16886.10-2005 regulation is carried out, and all reacts without sensitization of skin.Measurement result shows that product does not cause sensitization of skin reaction.
Test two, wound healing test
In order to verify the use effectiveness of aerogel dressing of the present invention, choose embodiment, comparative example and listing sample and carry out wound healing controlled trial.Concrete test method is as follows:
Experimental animal is selected the New Zealand white rabbit of 1.8-2.5Kg, and point of observation is respectively 3d, 5d, 10d, 15d, each 13 animals of phase point.White rabbit back after the cropping of 24h-72h back, is done depilation with depilatory cream and is processed before test.Pentobarbital sodium with 2.0%, anaesthetizes white rabbit by 1mL/Kg auricular vein, with 80 ℃ of hot water, scalds 10s, causes scald for I degree to light degree Ⅱ at white rabbit back, and 2 places each side, more than interval 2cm.Scald after 1d respectively using the antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing of embodiment 1-embodiment 10 gained at every white rabbit back four scald positions as experimental group 1-experimental group 10; By the antibacterial heal-promoting aerogel dressing of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 gained as a control group 1 and matched group 2; The cold peaceful health of the sample that will go on the market (domestic a kind of similar products) flap coverage, as a control group 3; Dry gauze as a control group 4, calculates the healing rate of wound surface in each sampling time point.
The computational methods of Wound healing rate are as follows: first wound surface is traced on onionskin, then as template, homogeneous hard paper is cut into onesize, then weigh with scale, indirectly represent the size of wound surface area with the quality of hard paper.Be calculated as follows Wound healing rate: Wound healing rate (%)=(original wound surface area-wound surface area does not heal)/original wound surface area.Observe wound healing situation, according to wound healing situation, determine healing time.
Result of the test is as shown in table 3, from upper table, the result of the average healing rate of wound surface draws: test group 1-10 is better than matched group 1-3 to the good effect of wound healing, compare with matched group 4, can find out that aerogel dressing of the present invention has more positive promoting healing effect than gauze to wound surface.
Table 3 wound healing result of the test
Test three, product bacteriostatic test
With reference to the regulation in the disposable use hygienic article of GB/T15979-2002 sanitary standard appendix C product bactericidal property, bacteriostasis property and stability test method, aerogel dressing prepared by embodiment 1-10, comparative example 1-2 and the listing cold peaceful health of sample (negative control) have been carried out extracorporeal bacteria inhibitor test.Test method is: preparation concentration is 10
4-10
5the bacteria suspension of cfu/g (staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans).The bacteria suspension of getting 0.1mL is uniformly coated on by after coupons (2.0cm * 3.0cm) and the upper effect of contrast print (2.0cm * 3.0cm) 20min, and print is dropped in PBS solution, fully mixes, and does suitable dilution, 2-3 dilution factor.Get 0.5mL and be placed in aseptic plate, with nutrient agar (staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) or improvement Martin's agar culture medium (Candida albicans) 30mL, pour into, rotate plate, fully mix, put 37 ℃ ± 2 ℃ incubators (staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and cultivate 24h or 25 ℃ ± 2 ℃ incubators (Candida albicans) cultivation 72h, observed result.As bacteriostasis rate >=50%-90%, product has bacteriostasis, bacteriostasis rate >=90%, and product has stronger bacteriostasis.
Result of the test is as shown in table 4, can find out, the aerogel dressing of embodiment of the present invention 1-10 has good bacteriostatic activity, is better than comparative example 1(and does not add the matched group with pseudoplastic natural polymers) and negative control (comparative example 2-does not add matched group and the Leng Ningkang with pseudoplastic natural polymers and antibacterial).
Table 4 bacteriostatic test result
In addition, it should be noted that listed embodiment and comparative example are only parts of the present invention above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, can also more be out of shape.Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art can, from the present invention's other available distortion that openly part directly derives or associates, all be considered as protection content of the present invention.