CN103516202B - The pulse ON/OFF control technology of Switching Power Supply and device thereof - Google Patents
The pulse ON/OFF control technology of Switching Power Supply and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103516202B CN103516202B CN201310369598.7A CN201310369598A CN103516202B CN 103516202 B CN103516202 B CN 103516202B CN 201310369598 A CN201310369598 A CN 201310369598A CN 103516202 B CN103516202 B CN 103516202B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pulse switch control method and device thereof of Switching Power Supply.According to the output state of switch converters, the cycle conductings such as controller generation or shutoff pulse, to realize the control to switch converters: feed back to voltage comparator at the output voltage values of clock signal start time sampling switch power supply, and compared with reference voltage value: when the output voltage sampled is lower than reference voltage, then actuating switch pipe within this clock cycle, makes output voltage rise; On the contrary, when the output voltage sampled is higher than reference voltage, then on-off switching tube within this clock cycle, makes output voltage decline, thus the pulse ON/OFF realizing Switching Power Supply controls.The present invention can be used for the switch converters controlling various topological structure, and its advantage is: control loop is simple and reliable, and without the need to compensating network, transient response speed is fast, and light-load efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electron electric power switchgear, especially the pulse ON/OFF control method of Switching Power Supply and device thereof.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of power electronic technology, the work of power electronic equipment and people, the relation of life are day by day close, and electronic equipment all be unable to do without reliable power supply.Because Switching Power Supply to have the advantage of the aspects such as efficiency is high, volume is little relative to conventional linear stabilized voltage power supply, switch power technology is made to become the focus of people's application and research gradually.The develop rapidly of power electronic device provides a very large development space to Switching Power Supply especially, and make it little towards volume, lightweight, efficiency is high, and power density is large waits future development, causes the extensive concern of insider, has a extensive future.The eighties, computer power supply round Realization Switching Power Supply, the power supply of the computer that taken the lead in is regenerated.The nineties, various electronics, electric equipment field, stored-program control exchange, communication, electron detection device, control appliance etc. use Switching Power Supply as its power supply all widely, more facilitate developing rapidly of switch power technology.Switching Power Supply is formed primarily of power inverter and controller two parts.Power inverter is also called power circuit, mainly comprises switching device, device for transformer and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.Common power converter topologies structure has Buck converter (buck converter), Boost (booster converter), One Buck-Boost converter body (buck-boost converter), forward converter, anti exciting converter etc.Controller can input or output the change of voltage by detection power translation circuit, and produces the operating state of respective switch signal controlling power conversion circuit switching device accordingly, thus regulates the energy passing to load to export with stable switch power supply.The control method that the structure of controller and operation principle are adopted by Switching Power Supply determines.For same power circuit topology, adopt different control methods can have an impact to aspects such as the stable state accuracy of system and dynamic properties, thus the research of control method seems and becomes more and more important.
At present, a lot of application scenario needs Switching Power Supply to have good transient response speed, and adopts traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) technology to be difficult to meet this requirement; In addition, portable power consumption equipment etc. have the equipment of idle function, and during holding state, load is comparatively light, now, if reduce converter effective switching frequency, then can reduce converter transition loss, improve power source integral efficiency.
Traditional voltage-type pulse width modulating technology is a kind of Switching Power Supply modulator approach the most common.Its control thought is: compare acquisition error signal with error amplifier to the output voltage of Switching Power Supply and reference voltage, by comparator, acquisition pulse width signal is compared to this error signal and fixed frequency sawtooth signal again, with the conducting of control switch device, shutoff, output voltage is made to reach desired value.When fluctuation appears in load, due to the existence of compensating network, error signal variations is relatively slow, and thus the change of pulse duration is also comparatively slow, and this makes the dynamic responding speed of Switching Power Supply slower.On the other hand, the improper meeting of COMPENSATION NETWORK DESIGN causes system unstable, and its design process is very loaded down with trivial details, thus greatly limit the integrated of control circuit and popularization.
Pulse frequency modulated (PFM) technology is the Switching Power Supply modulator approach of another common form, and pulse width modulating technology is different, and it adjusts duty ratio by change pulse frequency instead of pulse duration, thus adjustment output voltage values.But this modulator approach is when input voltage or load change, and larger fluctuation can occur operating frequency, thus be difficult to design electromagnetic interface filter.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of control method of Switching Power Supply, make it the above shortcoming overcoming prior art.
The present invention is the method solving its technology: according to the output state of switch converters, and the cycle conductings such as controller generation or shutoff pulse, to realize the control to switch converters.The concrete technical scheme adopted is: feed back to voltage comparator at the output voltage values of clock signal start time sampling switch power supply, and compared with reference voltage value: when the output voltage sampled is lower than reference voltage, then actuating switch pipe within this clock cycle, makes output voltage rise; On the contrary, when the output voltage sampled is higher than reference voltage, then on-off switching tube within this clock cycle, makes output voltage decline, thus the pulse ON/OFF realizing Switching Power Supply controls.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, compared with existing pulse width modulating technology, the present invention adopts the conduction pulses of fixed cycle and turns off the driving of pulse signal as switching device, when Switching Power Supply load changing, controller can realize liaison conducting or turn off multiple clock cycle, makes Switching Power Supply recover stable state rapidly;
Two, compared with existing pulse width modulating technology, Switching Power Supply of the present invention is when light-load state, and controller will produce more shutoff pulse, reduces switch motion number of times, reduces converter effective switching frequency, improves conversion efficiency;
Three, compared with existing pulse frequency modulated technology, Switching Power Supply of the present invention is when input voltage or load change, the conducting of switching device is produce in units of the clock cycle with turning off pulse all the time, namely the frequency spectrum of switching signal can not move on the frequency axis along with the change of input voltage or load, thus reduces the design difficulty of electromagnetic interference noise filter;
Four, controller directly with output voltage compared with reference voltage, without the need to compensating network, simplify control loop design, enhance the stability of a system, improve transient response speed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the device of the pulse ON/OFF control method realizing above-mentioned Switching Power Supply.Two kinds of concrete implement devices are proposed corresponding to the pulse ON/OFF control method realizing Switching Power Supply under same inventive concept.Implement device is made up of voltage check device, comparator, d type flip flop, clock circuit and drive circuit; Wherein: voltage check device, comparator, d type flip flop and drive circuit are linked in sequence, and clock circuit is connected with d type flip flop.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the implement device structured flowchart that control system of the present invention adopts technical scheme.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention one, output voltage and drive singal corresponding relation schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is in the embodiment of the present invention one, the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of Switching Power Supply.
Fig. 5 is in the embodiment of the present invention one, the underloading time-domain-simulation oscillogram of Switching Power Supply.
Fig. 6 is Switching Power Supply output voltage time-domain-simulation oscillogram when load changing of the embodiment of the present invention one and traditional electrical die mould PWM.
Fig. 7 is the drain electrode of Switching Power Supply power switch pipe and the voltage between source electrodes signal frequency domain simulation waveform figure of the embodiment of the present invention one and traditional electrical die mould PWM.
Fig. 8 is the electrical block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
In Fig. 4: the drive signal waveform that (a) exports for controller; B () is converter output voltage waveforms; C () is clock signal waveform.
In Fig. 5: the drive signal waveform that (a) exports for controller; B () is converter output voltage waveforms; C () is clock signal waveform.
In Fig. 6: the output voltage waveforms of the Switching Power Supply that (a) is traditional electrical die mould PWM when load changing; The output voltage waveforms of b Switching Power Supply that () is the embodiment of the present invention one when load changing.
In Fig. 7: the Switching Power Supply power switch pipe that (a) is traditional electrical die mould PWM leaks, voltage between source electrodes signal spectrum figure; B Switching Power Supply power switch pipe that () is the embodiment of the present invention one leaks, voltage between source electrodes signal spectrum figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Adopt technical scheme:
Fig. 1 illustrates, the specific embodiment of the present invention is: the pulse ON/OFF control method of Switching Power Supply and device thereof, and its controller forms primarily of comparator, d type flip flop, clock circuit and drive circuit.Output voltage after testing after device compared with reference voltage, comparator exports after d type flip flop synchronously triggers, produces ON/OFF pulse; ON/OFF pulse for controlling the switching device of converter, obtains the regulated output voltage expected thus after drive circuit.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 give the application of pulse ON/OFF control technology in Buck converter.
D triggers by clock signal V
clksynchronous triggering, activation period is T, and the result after output voltage compares with comparator delivers to d type flip flop.When clock signal is come interim, if output voltage V
othan reference voltage V
reflow, comparator exports high level, then this clock cycle switching tube conducting, and output voltage rises; Otherwise, if output voltage V
othan reference voltage V
refheight, comparator output low level, then this clock cycle switching tube turns off, and output voltage declines.After system stability work, under steady-working state, output voltage by near reference voltage very among a small circle in fluctuation, driving pulse is that conduction pulses combines with the one turning off pulse in a large cycle period.Switching tube completes a switch motion at least needs a conduction pulses and a shutoff pulse, and therefore the minimum switch periods of converter is 2 times of the clock cycle.Under discontinous mode, conduction pulses proportion can increase along with the increase of bearing power; At continuous current mode conduction mode, conduction pulses proportion is only relevant to input and output voltage gain, has nothing to do with load.
Analysis of simulation result:
Fig. 4 is the result adopting PIM software control method of the present invention to be carried out to time-domain-simulation, and the transverse axis of Fig. 4 component (a) and (b) is the time (ms), and the longitudinal axis of (a) is drive singal amplitude (V), and the longitudinal axis of (b) is output voltage (V).Simulated conditions: input voltage V
in=14V, output voltage V
o=V
ref=6V, inductance L=5.6uH, electric capacity C=470uF, load R=3 Ω, clock frequency f
c=200kHz.
Fig. 5 load R=7.5 Ω, other simulated conditions are identical with Fig. 4.Comparison diagram 4 is known with Fig. 5, and after load reduction, turning off pulse number increases, and effective switching frequency reduces.Visible the present invention can improve converter light-load efficiency by reducing effective switching frequency.
Fig. 6 adopts traditional electrical die mould PWM and the output voltage dynamic response time-domain-simulation oscillogram of Switching Power Supply of the present invention under catastrophe appears in load, component (a) and (b) are corresponding traditional electrical die mould PWM and the present invention respectively, transverse axis is the time (ms), is output voltage (V) in length and breadth.In Fig. 6, when 5ms, load is by 1.0A Spline smoothing to 2.5A, adopts traditional electrical die mould PWM (switching frequency f
s=100KHz), system response time needs 0.4ms; And adopt transient response speed of the present invention very fast, almost do not have the response time, system enters stable state immediately.Visible employing Switching Power Supply of the present invention has good load dynamic characteristic.
Fig. 7 drains and voltage between source electrodes signal simulation spectrogram for adopting traditional electrical die mould PWM and Switching Power Supply power switch pipe of the present invention, component (a) and (b) respectively corresponding traditional electrical die mould control and the present invention, transverse axis is frequency (KHz), and the longitudinal axis is power switch pipe leakage, the amplitude (V) of voltage between source electrodes signal after Fourier transform (FFT).As can be seen from Fig. 7, after adopting the present invention, power switch pipe leaks, voltage between source electrodes signal has less amplitude at corresponding frequencies place, and thus system is by producing less electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise, is conducive to the design of electromagnetic interface filter.
Embodiment two
Fig. 8 illustrates, this example is compared with embodiment one, and power inverter is anti exciting converter, and control device is identical with embodiment one, and difference is that conduction pulses Pon has maximum duty cycle to limit.Same by emulation proof, adopt the output voltage stabilization of anti exciting converter of the present invention, rapid dynamic response speed, electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise is little.
The present invention controls except two kinds of power inverters in above-described embodiment except can be used for, and also can be used for the Switching Power Supply of Boost, Buck-boost converter, Cuk converter, forward converter, half-bridge converter, full-bridge converter constant power circuit composition.
Claims (2)
1. the pulse switch control method of Switching Power Supply, is characterized in that, according to the output state of switch converters, and the cycle conductings such as controller generation or shutoff pulse, to realize the control to switch converters:
Voltage comparator is fed back at the output voltage values of clock signal start time sampling switch power supply, controller under the operating mode of uncompensated network directly with output voltage compared with reference voltage: when the output voltage sampled is lower than reference voltage, then actuating switch pipe within this clock cycle, makes output voltage rise; On the contrary, when the output voltage sampled is higher than reference voltage, then on-off switching tube within this clock cycle, makes output voltage decline, thus the pulse ON/OFF realizing Switching Power Supply controls.
2. realize a device for the pulse switch control method of Switching Power Supply described in claim 1, be made up of voltage check device, comparator, d type flip flop, clock circuit and drive circuit; It is characterized in that, voltage check device, comparator, d type flip flop and drive circuit are linked in sequence, and clock circuit is connected with d type flip flop.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310369598.7A CN103516202B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | The pulse ON/OFF control technology of Switching Power Supply and device thereof |
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| CN201310369598.7A CN103516202B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | The pulse ON/OFF control technology of Switching Power Supply and device thereof |
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| CN103516202A CN103516202A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN103516202B true CN103516202B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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| US10560013B2 (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2020-02-11 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Method and apparatus for reducing output voltage ripple in hysteretic boost or buck-boost converter |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101557167A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-10-14 | 西南交通大学 | Bifrequency control method of switch power supply and device thereof |
| CN102655368A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-09-05 | 常州大学 | Method and device for controlling constant turn-off time of switching power supply |
| CN103178712A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-06-26 | 常州大学 | Device and method for suppressing low-frequency fluctuation of pulse-cycle skip modulation switching converter |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101741261B (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2012-05-23 | 杭州士兰微电子股份有限公司 | Control system and control method for frequency interpolation pattern cascading off-line PFC-PWM switch power converter |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101557167A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-10-14 | 西南交通大学 | Bifrequency control method of switch power supply and device thereof |
| CN102655368A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-09-05 | 常州大学 | Method and device for controlling constant turn-off time of switching power supply |
| CN103178712A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-06-26 | 常州大学 | Device and method for suppressing low-frequency fluctuation of pulse-cycle skip modulation switching converter |
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