Background technology
Wax-apple (Eugenia javanica Lam), has another name called a day peach, water Portugal or wax jambo, is the evergreen dungarunga of Myrtaceae.Originate in the Malay Peninsula, in Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippine and Taiwan, generally cultivate, a kind of tropical fruit that mainly grows in, all there is cultivation in the provinces such as present China Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian (south), Guangxi, Yunnan and Sichuan, wherein Taiwan cultivation at most, also becomes one of four large fruit of this province.Wax-apple is a kind of good fruit of controlling various diseases, and nature and flavor are sweet flat, function moistening lung, cough-relieving, eliminating phlegm, cool blood, convergence.Cure mainly the diseases such as xeropulmonary cough, hiccup are more than, hemorrhoid hemorrhage, pipe abdomen fullness, enteritis and dysentery, diabetes, Taiwan is among the people to be had " eating saying of wax-apple clearing lung-heat fire ".The good fruit that people are considered as it to relieve summer heat and quench one's thirst, custom boils with it that rock sugar is controlled dry cough without phlegm or phlegm difficulty brings up.Wax-apple fruit hollow (also having real), shape is as wax-wrapped pill, and on dinner party seat, people also like making cold dish with it, are the wonderful fruits of relieving the effect of alcohol.In its light sweet taste, micro-band point is sour, has the delicate fragrance of one apple, and after food, tooth cheek stays virtue.In south east asia, open flower 3-4 month 1 time, 5-6 month fruit maturation, late July is opened flower 2 times, 8-9 month fruit maturation, and yield positive results December in addition, carry out of Taiwan wax-apple cultivation, regulate term morely, yield positive results for 4-6 time every year, 4000-5000 kilograms of per mu yields.Yet, due to wax-apple and Portugal fruit water content high, skin is thin especially again, storage tolerance not, can only seasoning under general room temperature approximately 1 week, and wax-apple only appears in high-grade feast as a kind of high-end fruit, and due to its not resistance to preservation, although its listing number of times is more, yet each open date is short especially, is not accepted by ordinary populace.
Thereby, in order to expand the edible range of wax-apple and to improve the people's living standard, the income that more people can be eaten wax-apple and improve wax-apple plantation family, it is the effective means achieving the above object that wax-apple is carried out to Preservation Treatment, yet antistaling agent and the preservation method of the fresh-keeping special use of wax-apple can not extend the phase of eating raw of wax-apple effectively in prior art, thus develop effective antistaling agent and fresh-keeping mode be wax-apple plantation and produce in technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem of existing wax-apple plantation and fresh-keeping middle existence, the present invention is intended to solve the short technical problem of wax-apple freshness date, for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of wax-apple preservative specially, and it can extend the freshness date of wax-apple effectively.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of wax-apple preservative specially, it is characterized in that, its component by following weight percentage forms: shitosan 10-17%, GABA 0.2-0.5%, loguat leaf extract 25 ~ 30%, calcium lactate 1-2%, food stage glycerine 2-4%, distilled water 48-72%, the weight percentage sum of above composition is 100%.
Wherein said loguat leaf extract is to adopt following preparation method to make: get the fresh loguat leaf of 1000g and add water 3000g, in open-top receptacle, be heated to boiling, and keep boiling 30min, and then adding wherein boiling water to make the gross mass of loguat leaf and water is 4000g, mixture stirs to obtain
i, then adopt 6 layers of gauze to obtained mixture
ifilter, obtain filtrate, be loquat-leaf extract after cooling.
Wax-apple preservative specially of the present invention is adopted with the following method and is made: percentage composition takes shitosan, GABA, loguat leaf extract, food stage glycerine and distilled water by weight, first shitosan, GABA, calcium lactate, food stage glycerine are mixed with loguat leaf extract, stirring 30min mixes it, then add distilled water, laggard horizontal high voltage homogeneous stirs, the liquid that obtains homogeneous, is wax-apple preservative specially of the present invention.
Preferably, its component by following weight percentage of described wax-apple preservative specially forms: shitosan 15%, GABA 0.4%, loguat leaf extract 28%, calcium lactate 1.5%, food stage glycerine 3%, distilled water 52.1%.
Can also be preferably, its component by following weight percentage of described wax-apple preservative specially forms: shitosan 16%, GABA 0.3%, loguat leaf extract 27%, calcium lactate 1.5%, food stage glycerine 4%, distilled water 51.2%.
The using method of wax-apple preservative specially of the present invention is: fine day or cloudy day are plucked full ripe wax-apple fruit, select colory wax-apple fruit, the fruit of selecting is soaked to 2 ~ 3min in antistaling agent solution of the present invention, after pulling out, at shady and cool ventilation place, dry; Or antistaling agent of the present invention is diluted to 2 times of volumes, is then evenly sprayed to the wax-apple fruit surface of selecting, being sprayed to drips is advisable, and then at shady and cool ventilation place, dries.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
The present invention is directed to the problems that exist in the fresh-keeping preservation of wax-apple, feature and its metabolic characteristic in preservation process in conjunction with wax-apple self, by multi-component being used in conjunction with in antistaling agent, wax-apple fresh-keeping storage difficulty, short technical problem of the phase of eating raw have effectively been solved.Wherein selected shitosan has certain film forming characteristics, food stage glycerine has good plasticity, both are used in conjunction with and can form smooth bright diaphragm at wax-apple fruit surface, the calcium lactate simultaneously adding can provide abundant calcium ion, for the metabolism in preservation process, has certain regulating action; GABA participates in the expression regulation of several genes in cell as a kind of signaling molecule, can alleviate the damage of low temperature to wax-apple, the particularly damage to its epidermis in preservation process; Adopt the prepared loquat-leaf extract of unique extracting method, there is not any smell in it, can not affect fruital and the mouthfeel taste of wax-apple, and itself and shitosan, food stage glycerine, GABA and calcium lactate are used jointly, can extend well the freshness date of wax-apple, avoid wax-apple to rot in preservation process.
Antistaling agent prescription of the present invention is simple, cost is low, easy to use, fresh-keeping very effective for wax-apple, can extend significantly the freshness date of wax-apple, even and after freshness date for a long time, this fresh-keeping wax-apple also has good mouthfeel and local flavor, do not have peculiar smell to produce, maintained good marketing quality.
Specific embodiment
embodiment 1: a kind of wax-apple preservative specially, it is characterized in that, its component by following weight percentage forms: shitosan 15%, GABA 0.4%, loguat leaf extract 28%, calcium lactate 1.5%, food stage glycerine 3%, distilled water 52.1%; Wherein said loguat leaf extract adopts following preparation method to make: get the fresh loguat leaf of 1000g and add water 3000g, in open-top receptacle, be heated to boiling, and keep boiling 30min, and then adding wherein boiling water to make the gross mass of loguat leaf and water is 4000g, mixture stirs to obtain
i, then adopt 6 layers of gauze to obtained mixture
ifilter, obtain filtrate, be loquat-leaf extract after cooling.Described wax-apple preservative specially is adopted with the following method and is made: percentage composition takes shitosan, GABA, loguat leaf extract, food stage glycerine and distilled water by weight, first shitosan, GABA, calcium lactate, food stage glycerine are mixed with loguat leaf extract, stirring 30min mixes it, then add distilled water, laggard horizontal high voltage homogeneous stirs, the liquid that obtains homogeneous, is wax-apple preservative specially of the present invention.
embodiment 2: a kind of wax-apple preservative specially, it is characterized in that, its component by following weight percentage forms: shitosan 16%, GABA 0.3%, loguat leaf extract 27%, calcium lactate 1.5%, food stage glycerine 4%, distilled water 51.2%; Wherein said loguat leaf extract adopts following preparation method to make: get the fresh loguat leaf of 1000g and add water 3000g, in open-top receptacle, be heated to boiling, and keep boiling 30min, and then adding wherein boiling water to make the gross mass of loguat leaf and water is 4000g, mixture stirs to obtain
i, then adopt 6 layers of gauze to obtained mixture
ifilter, obtain filtrate, be loquat-leaf extract after cooling.Described wax-apple preservative specially is adopted with the following method and is made: percentage composition takes shitosan, GABA, loguat leaf extract, food stage glycerine and distilled water by weight, first shitosan, GABA, calcium lactate, food stage glycerine are mixed with loguat leaf extract, stirring 30min mixes it, then add distilled water, laggard horizontal high voltage homogeneous stirs, the liquid that obtains homogeneous, is wax-apple preservative specially of the present invention.
embodiment 3: the fresh-keeping test of wax-apple
Below in test, also to relate to following check experiment example:
check experiment example 1: a kind of antistaling agent solution, is comprised of the component of following weight percentage: shitosan 15%, loguat leaf extract 15%, calcium lactate 1.5%, food stage glycerine 3%, distilled water 65.5%; Wherein the related preparation method of loguat leaf extract and the preparation method of antistaling agent solution are with embodiment 1.
check experiment example 2: a kind of antistaling agent solution, is comprised of the component of following weight percentage: shitosan 20%, GABA 0.6%, loguat leaf extract 15%, calcium lactate 4%, food stage glycerine 2%, distilled water 58.4%; Wherein the related preparation method of loguat leaf extract and the preparation method of antistaling agent solution are with embodiment 1.
fresh-keeping test:
Wax-apple is generally used for to be eaten raw, treats that fruit is fully ripe, has shown the intrinsic color and luster of this kind, when areola launches, selects fine day to gather, and chooses 700 of the wax-apple fruits of fresh that gather, size and maturity homogeneous, is divided at random 7 groups.Wherein organize 1 for control group, adopt conventional wax-apple preservation method (first at wax-apple outer cladding paper, then putting into refrigerating chamber after packaging knotting with polybag) to carry out preservation, group 2-4 is experimental group, group 2, 3 adopt respectively embodiment 1, the processing of spraying of 2 wax-apple antistaling agent, concrete processing method is that antistaling agent is diluted to 2 times of volumes, then evenly be sprayed to the wax-apple fruit surface of selecting, being sprayed to drips is advisable, then at shady and cool ventilation place, dry, then adopt conventional wax-apple preservation method (first at wax-apple outer cladding paper, after packaging knotting with polybag again, put into refrigerating chamber) carry out preservation, group 4 adopts the wax-apple antistaling agent of embodiment 1 to carry out immersion treatment, concrete processing method for soaking the fruit of selecting 2min in antistaling agent solution of the present invention, after pulling out, at shady and cool ventilation place, dry, then adopt conventional wax-apple preservation method (first at wax-apple outer cladding paper, after packaging knotting with polybag again, put into refrigerating chamber) carry out preservation, group 5-7 is contrast experiment's group, relate to following check experiment example 1 and 2, wherein organize 5, 6 adopt respectively check experiment example 1, the processing of spraying of 2 solution, concrete processing method is that antistaling agent is diluted to 2 times of volumes, then evenly be sprayed to the wax-apple fruit surface of selecting, being sprayed to drips is advisable, then at shady and cool ventilation place, dry, then adopt conventional wax-apple preservation method (first at wax-apple outer cladding paper, after packaging knotting with polybag again, put into refrigerating chamber) carry out preservation, group 7 adopts the solution of check experiment example 1 to carry out immersion treatment, concrete processing method for soaking the fruit of selecting 2min in antistaling agent solution of the present invention, after pulling out, at shady and cool ventilation place, dry, then adopt conventional wax-apple preservation method (first at wax-apple outer cladding paper, after packaging knotting with polybag again, put into refrigerating chamber) carry out preservation, more than test and under the same terms in same freezer, carry out preservation.Observed and recorded wherein starts to occur the time of decayed fruit, 50% decayed fruit, 100% decayed fruit, and concrete outcome sees the following form 1:
the fresh-keeping test data of table 1 wax-apple
local flavor and sensory evaluation test:
The general conventional preservation method of well known employing, the freshness date of wax-apple is 7 days, thereby in local flavor and sensory evaluation test, the fresh-keeping wax-apple fruit to the 7th day in test that repeats of choosing above fresh-keeping test carries out outward appearance, local flavor and sensory evaluation test, in addition, the unputrefied wax-apple of choosing when 50% decayed fruit rate occurs carries out outward appearance, local flavor and sensory evaluation test, and concrete result of the test sees the following form 2.Wherein take fruital, fruity as local flavor index, and in ten point system, fruity and the fruital of the wax-apple that the same kind of fresh harvesting of take is good be divided into as 10 minutes, 8 well, 6 be divided into qualifying, records the observed result of outward appearance simultaneously.
the local flavor of the fresh-keeping wax-apple of table 2 and sensory evaluation result of the test
From above fresh-keeping test, the embodiment of the present invention 1, 2 antistaling agent can extend wax-apple and occur decayed fruit, the time that 50% decayed fruit and 100% decayed fruit occur, extended the preservation time of wax-apple, also can be described as within surpassing the special time of conventional freshness date, use the rotting rate of wax-apple of antistaling agent of the present invention lower than blank group and contrast experiment's group, the time that occurs decayed fruit if take is freshness date, there is above result of the test known, use after antistaling agent of the present invention, the fresh keeping time of wax-apple is compared blank group (being the preservation method of this area routine) and has been extended and approach one times, this has greatly extended the fresh keeping time of wax-apple, be convenient to the transportation fresh-retaining of wax-apple and the popularization of edible range, can also make wax-apple obtain effectively fresh-keeping simultaneously, can increase the income of peasant household, increase the market supply simultaneously, wax-apple is received by masses.On the other hand, due to local flavor and sensory test result known, antistaling agent of the present invention can well keep fruital and the fruity of wax-apple, simultaneously can also make wax-apple in for a long time, keep good outward appearance, this has greatly improved the commodity value of fresh-keeping wax-apple.By above test, show, relative prior art and comparative experimental example, the uniqueness of antistaling agent of the present invention forms and proportioning just, makes the present invention obtain unforeseeable technique effect.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.Disclosed is above only specific embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, within all should dropping on protection scope of the present invention.