Electric automobile power battery constant temperature method and system thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power battery technology of a kind of common electric automobile (motor compressor) or heat pump type electromobile, especially a kind of Temp. control method for this type of normal battery operation temperature of guarantee and system, specifically a kind of electric automobile power battery constant temperature method and system thereof is related to.
Background technology
The eyeball that electric automobile is being subject to governments at all levels and environmentalist as a kind of free of contamination vehicles is looked at, various countries, governments at all levels have all dropped into a large amount of manpower and materials and have researched and developed, but due to the useful life of battery and the restriction of course continuation mileage, the popularization of electrocar is still in starting at present.Affect the mainly battery performance of electric automobile course continuation mileage, therefore Large Copacity battery for electric automobile to be developed on the one hand, also to start with from giving full play to battery performance two aspect on the other hand, and battery performance is fairly obvious by such environmental effects, especially under cryogenic battery performance declines fairly obvious, and although serviceability can be improved under the high temperature conditions, if exceed certain temperature, the dilatancy of battery can be caused and cause potential safety hazard.Therefore, there is no the prerequisite of breakthrough in essence in current battery performance under, if improve the serviceability of battery, make that battery operated under optimum temperature, give full play to its effect be the key and the effective measures that improve automobile power cell performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is easily influenced by ambient temperature for existing electric vehicle power accumulator and affect the problem of performance, invent a kind of battery can be made to be in temperature constant state under the method that works, a kind of corresponding constant temperature system is provided simultaneously.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of electric automobile power battery constant temperature method, it is characterized in that first the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile being arranged in an airtight container, next makes sealing container be connected with the heat exchanger of vacuum pump and mounted air conditioner system respectively, vacuum pump is utilized to vacuumize airtight container, make its work under vacuum conditions, vacuum heat-preserving principle is utilized to make electrokinetic cell constant temperature, 3rd, open vacuum pump and heat exchanger under the control of a temperature controller, the hot gas produced by heat exchanger by vacuum pump or cold air are introduced in airtight container, make the temperature constant in airtight container within the scope of electrokinetic cell optimum working temperature and make airtight container be in vacuum state.
When the temperature in airtight container reaches set point, first close airtight container and connect the air inlet of heat exchanger, the vacuum pump vacuum degree be evacuated in airtight container that works on reaches set point, thus makes airtight container be in vacuum state.
The surface of described airtight container is provided with heat insulation layer.
Described heat exchanger, as a part for air energy thermal pumping system, provides the thermal source needed for heating or freezing or low-temperature receiver by air energy thermal pumping system.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of electric automobile power battery thermostatic control system, it is characterized in that it comprises one for installing the airtight container 10 of electrokinetic cell 11, airtight container 10 is provided with the gas outlet and the air inlet being connected heat exchanger 6 that connect vacuum pump 13, in the surface of electrokinetic cell 11 or described airtight container, be provided with the transducer 15 for detecting temperature of powered cell, described vacuum pump 13, heat exchanger and temperature sensor are all electrically connected with controller 16.
The outlet passageway 19 of gas outlet and the vacuum pump described in connecting is provided with the first electromagnetically operated valve 12 controlling outlet passageway break-make, the inlet channel 18 of the air inlet described in connection and heat exchanger 6 is provided with the second electromagnetically operated valve 8.
Described heat exchanger 6 is building blocks for air energy thermal pumping system, described air energy thermal pumping system also comprises motor compressor 1, cross valve 2, expansion valve 4,5, extraneous air heat exchanger 3 and gas-liquid separator 7, by the loop direction connect to changing cold-producing medium of cross valve 2; When needs heat, high temperature liquid refrigerant is discharged by motor compressor, heat exchanger 6 through being arranged on battery side adds hot-air, air after heating to be entered in airtight container by air inlet and by vacuum pump by hot-air constantly suction seal container, continuous circulation heating battery is to set temperature value; When cooling is needed, high temperature refrigerant is discharged by motor compressor, flow through extraneous air heat exchanger 3, the heat exchanger 6 becoming low temperature gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium to flow to battery side through expansion valve throttling after cooling evaporates, cooling-air to enter in airtight container and under the effect of vacuum pump continuous circulation cool batteries to set temperature value; When needs are incubated, close air inlet, open gas outlet, vacuum pump work vacuumizes to the cavity in airtight container the vacuum degree reaching setting and quits work, and closes gas outlet, makes electrokinetic cell be in vacuum heat-preserving state.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The air-conditioning system that the present invention utilizes electric automobile to configure is as the thermal source and the low-temperature receiver that make battery constant temperature, creatively vacuum heat-preserving technology is applied in the constant temperature management of Vehicular battery first simultaneously, not only method structure is simple, be easy to realize, and the performance of Vehicular dynamic battery can be improved, extend the useful life of battery.
The present invention makes energy loss reduce by vacuum technique insulation.
The present invention is evenly cooled or heats each parts of battery by vacuum technique, avoids the cooling of the unidirectional convection current generation of conventional fan or heats uneven, being difficult to the accurate control reaching battery temperature.
The efficiency COP (adding heat/power consumption) that the present invention adopts air energy heat pump to heat is 2.0 ~ 3.0, adds heat/power consumption than PTC electrical heating efficiency 0.85 ~ 0.9() high, heat pump is more saved electric power thus is improved the mileages of continuation of car load.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 1.
A kind of electric automobile power battery constant temperature method, it comprises the following steps:
First, the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile is arranged on one with in the airtight container of heat insulation layer;
Secondly, sealing container is connected respectively with the heat exchanger 6 of vacuum pump and mounted air conditioner system, heat exchanger 6, as a part for air energy thermal pumping system, provides the thermal source needed for heating or freezing or low-temperature receiver by air energy thermal pumping system.
Utilize vacuum pump to vacuumize airtight container, make its work under vacuum conditions, utilize vacuum heat-preserving principle to make electrokinetic cell constant temperature;
3rd, unlatching vacuum pump and heat exchanger under the control of temperature controller (conventional electrical technology can be adopted to be realized), the hot gas produced by heat exchanger by vacuum pump or cold air are introduced in airtight container, make the temperature constant in airtight container within the scope of electrokinetic cell optimum working temperature and make airtight container be in vacuum state.When the temperature in airtight container reaches set point, first close airtight container and connect the air inlet of heat exchanger, the vacuum pump vacuum degree be evacuated in airtight container that works on reaches set point, thus makes airtight container be in vacuum state.
Details are as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, first the present invention arranges a closed cavity 10 be communicated with in electrokinetic cell surrounding, closed cavity arranges exhaust outlet and air inlet, one end, closed cavity gas outlet establishes outlet passageway 19 to be communicated with outside vacuum pump 13, and electromagnetically operated valve 12 is set on outlet passageway, open when vacuum pump work vacuumizes cavity, close when vacuum pump quits work; Closed cavity air inlet end establishes inlet channel 18 and external heat pumping system battery side heat exchanger 6 ambient air channel connection, and on inlet channel, arrange electromagnetically operated valve 8, when vacuum pump to closed cavity vacuumize carry out vacuum heat-preserving time closedown; When electrokinetic cell 11 needs to open when heating or cooling, and extracted by vacuum pump and flow through hot-air that heat pump battery side heat exchanger 6 heats (when heating) and the cold air that heat pump heat exchanger 6 cools (during refrigeration) is flow through to heating of battery or extraction battery is cooled.Namely this vacuum system can realize vacuumizing insulation to electrokinetic cell, extracts hot air circulate heating, extract cold air circulating cooling.
Secondly, the present invention arranges insulating 9 at closed cavity periphery.
3rd, heating or the cooling of electrokinetic cell of the present invention provide thermal source or low-temperature receiver by air energy thermal pumping system, this air energy heat pump by motor compressor 1, cross valve 2, battery side heat exchanger 6, expansion valve 4,5, extraneous air heat exchanger 3, gas-liquid separator 7 form, by the loop direction connect to changing cold-producing medium of cross valve.When needs heat, high temperature liquid refrigerant is discharged by compressor, surveys heat exchanger heats air and pass through vacuum pump circulating-heating battery through battery; When cooling is needed, high temperature refrigerant is discharged by compressor, flows through extraneous air heat exchanger, becomes low temperature gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium to flow to the evaporation of battery side heat exchanger after cooling through expansion valve throttling, and cooling-air also passes through vacuum pump circulating cooling battery; When needs are incubated, shut electromagnetic valve 8, opens electromagnetically operated valve 12, and vacuum pump work vacuumizes cavity and reaches certain vacuum degree and quit work, and shut electromagnetic valve 12, makes electrokinetic cell be in vacuum heat-preserving state.
Finally, the present invention, by input battery temperature signal, the vacuum sensor input vacuum degree signal of temperature sensor 14, controls the operating state of heat pump and vacuum system, reaches and control the temperature of electrokinetic cell.
Embodiment two.
As shown in Figure 1.
A kind of electric automobile power battery thermostatic control system, it comprises one for installing the airtight container 10 of electrokinetic cell 11, electrokinetic cell 11 is installed with in airtight container 10 by fixed mount 17, the surface of airtight container 10 is preferably provided with insulating 9 to extend soak cycle, reduce the startup of compressor as far as possible, airtight container 10 is provided with the gas outlet and the air inlet being connected heat exchanger 6 that connect vacuum pump 13, connect described in gas outlet and vacuum pump outlet passageway 19 on the first electromagnetically operated valve 12 controlling outlet passageway break-make is installed, connect described in air inlet and heat exchanger 6 inlet channel 18 on the second electromagnetically operated valve 8 is installed.In the surface of electrokinetic cell 11 or described airtight container, be provided with the transducer 15 for detecting temperature of powered cell and the transducer 14 for detecting vacuum degree, described vacuum pump 13, the motor compressor 1 controlling heat exchanger work and temperature sensor 15, vacuum sensor 14, electromagnetically operated valve 8,12 etc. all can adopt routine techniques to be realized with controller 16() be electrically connected.Described heat exchanger 6 is building blocks for air energy thermal pumping system, described air energy thermal pumping system also comprises motor compressor 1, cross valve 2, expansion valve 4,5, extraneous air heat exchanger 3 and gas-liquid separator 7, by the loop direction connect to changing cold-producing medium of cross valve 2; When needs heat, high temperature liquid refrigerant is discharged by motor compressor, heat exchanger 6 through being arranged on battery side adds hot-air, air after heating to be entered in airtight container by air inlet and by vacuum pump by hot-air constantly suction seal container, (circulation) heating battery is to set temperature value continuously; When cooling is needed, high temperature refrigerant is discharged by motor compressor, flow through extraneous air heat exchanger 3, the heat exchanger 6 becoming low temperature gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium to flow to battery side through expansion valve throttling after cooling evaporates, cooling-air to enter in airtight container and under the effect of vacuum pump continuous (circulation) cool batteries to set temperature value; When needs are incubated, close air inlet, open gas outlet, vacuum pump work vacuumizes to the cavity in airtight container the vacuum degree reaching setting and quits work, and closes gas outlet, makes electrokinetic cell be in vacuum heat-preserving state.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.