CN103472430B - Solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and instability test macro - Google Patents
Solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and instability test macro Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and instability test macro, comprise: as four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells through demarcation of optical sensor, a data acquisition unit be connected with four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells, and a computing machine be connected with data acquisition unit.One piece of standard photovoltaic cell is fixed on the edge in tested solar simulator effective irradiation face, and its excess-three block standard photovoltaic cell is arranged in the adjacent decile cell of about three of solar simulator effective irradiation face successively; Three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells from the upper left corner in solar simulator effective irradiation face, be that manually order is not mobile overlappingly in a unit with three cells, cover all row in solar simulator effective irradiation face.The signal that native system detects draws the irradiation nonuniformity value of solar simulator and unstable angle value by data processing, makes ranking according to international standard IEC60904 9:2007.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of checkout equipment.
Background technology
Solar simulator is the spectrum of simulating nature sunshine and the equipment of irradiance, and the unit for electrical property parameters and the permanance that are widely used in photovoltaic device are measured, and can be divided into stable state type and the large class of impulse type two according to mode of operation.Impulse type solar simulator is general only for the I-V feature measurement of photovoltaic device, and stable state type solar simulator can be used for photovoltaic device I-V feature measurement and permanance is measured.Ground photovoltaic device is measured solar simulator grade used and is evaluated successively according to spectral distribution, irradiation nonuniformity, irradiation instability three indexs.
Along with increasing solar simulator comes into operation at photovoltaic industry, the performance evaluation of solar simulator becomes a big hot topic research direction of current measuring technology.Patent 201020577557.9 adopts one piece of standard photovoltaic cell to gather as optical sensor, in effective irradiation face in institute's division unit lattice manually in turn movement measure irradiation nonuniformity.The signal collected sends computing machine by a data acquisition unit to after AD transforms.Use this device to test, the deviation caused by change of each flash of light irradiance value of impulse type solar simulator can not be evaded, thus cause test result inaccurate, the unevenness index of solar simulator can not be evaluated well.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming overcoming prior art, propose the test macro of a kind of solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and instability.The present invention can test solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and instability more accurately, there is photoelectric signal transformation, on the basis of high precision high sampling rate independence AD hardware, by adopting polylith standard photovoltaic cell as optical sensor synchronous acquisition, compensate for the impact that different time points solar simulator irradiation instability is tested unevenness.This test macro small volume, is easy to carry, and is applicable to dissimilar solar simulator.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Test macro of the present invention comprises:
Four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells through demarcating, described standard photovoltaic cell is as the optical sensor of test macro of the present invention;
A data acquisition unit, this data acquisition unit is connected with four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells, carries out AD conversion to the signal that native system gathers;
A computing machine, this computing machine is connected by USB data line with data acquisition unit, provides data to show and process to native system;
Native system for testing solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and unstable angle value, and draws the performance rate of this index.
Described standard photovoltaic battery size is 2cm × 2cm, and material is polysilicon or monocrystalline silicon.Described standard photovoltaic cell, through demarcating, has stable calibration value.This standard photovoltaic cell makes according to the regulation of international standard IEC60904-2:2007.
Described data acquisition unit comprises the high-accuracy measuring resistance that a four-way independence AD data collecting card and four resistances are 0.1 ohm; Four passages of described data collecting card and high-accuracy measuring resistance are relations one to one.
Described data collecting card has four passages, and each passage comprises positive and negative two interfaces, and the positive and negative interface of each passage connects the two ends of corresponding measuring resistance respectively.Described data collecting card is for gathering the magnitude of voltage at resistance two ends, and the voltage value signal gathered sends computing machine to after becoming digital signal by data collecting card AD conversion.
Described data acquisition unit comprises four input channels, an output channel.
The input channel of described data acquisition unit is connected with standard photovoltaic cell by high-frequency electrical cable, and four input channels are connected with four standard photovoltaic cells respectively.Described output channel is connected with computing machine by the high speed USB data line of band shading ring.
The Signal aspects collected is gone out data and curves by described computing machine, draws the uniform irradiation angle value of solar simulator and unstable angle value through data processing, makes ranking according to international standard IEC60904-9:2007.
The course of work of the present invention is:
After determining the effective irradiation face size of tested solar simulator, according to IEC60904-9:2007 international standard, effective irradiation face is divided into some cells.Wherein one piece of standard photovoltaic cell is fixed on the edge in tested solar simulator effective irradiation face, and its excess-three block standard photovoltaic cell is arranged in the adjacent decile cell of about three of solar simulator effective irradiation face successively.Three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells to be moved integrally, from the upper left corner in solar simulator effective irradiation face, from left to right in the first row cell, be that a unit is manual overlappingly with three lattice sequentially to move, after having covered the first row cell, then with same order in the second row cell manually movement, the like, cover all row in solar simulator effective irradiation face.If decile cell is not from left to right the integral multiple of three, can reduce by one piece or two pieces of standard photovoltaic cells when moving to the rightmost side, guaranteeing just in time to cover all cells in solar simulator effective irradiation face, avoid survey more.
By the current signal that standard photovoltaic cell in the decile cell in each solar simulator effective irradiation face produces, together with the current signal that the standard photovoltaic cell being fixed on tested solar simulator effective irradiation face edge produces, send data acquisition unit to by high-frequency electrical cable.
Standard precision resistance in data acquisition unit is converted into voltage signal, is gathered by data collecting card, and after AD transforms, sends digital signal to computing machine by USB data line.
By Analytical Data Process with Computer, draw irradiation nonuniformity and the instability of this solar simulator respectively, and make the performance rate evaluation of this index.
The present invention is compared to the prior art advantageously:
1. the present invention adopts one piece of standard photovoltaic cell to be fixed on the edge in tested solar simulator effective irradiation face, and other three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells measure irradiance value in the dynamic movement in turn of tested solar simulator effective irradiation face institute division unit lattice expert.The irradiance value of the irradiance value that three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells record through recording with the standard photovoltaic cell of the effective irradiation face edge being fixed on tested solar simulator compares, revises, obtain solar simulator unevenness, evaded the change along with the different irradiance value of test duration point of each time of impulse type solar simulator flash of light or steady-state simulation device, the flashing caused spends the impact produced unevenness test surely.
2. the present invention is not only applicable to impulse type solar simulator, and is applicable to stable state solar simulator.
3. the present invention adopts three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells to move simultaneously, improves testing efficiency, simplifies testing process.
4. the present invention adopts four tunnel independence AD data acquisition units, achieves four-way synchronous acquisition, improves measuring accuracy.
5. the present invention adopts the data acquisition unit up to 1M/s sample frequency, within the limited time period, can increase sampling number, improve the data sample quantity collected in unit interval section, improve acquisition precision.
6. the present invention adopts the High-precision standard resistance of stable performance, improves data transformations precision.
7. the computing machine that the present invention adopts not only can show data, can also carry out automatic business processing, according to result of calculation critical parameter index grade, and automatically generate test report, effectively raise test efficiency, saved human cost data sample.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention, in figure: C11 standard photovoltaic cell, C22 standard photovoltaic cell, C33 standard photovoltaic cell, C44 standard photovoltaic cell;
In Fig. 2 the present invention, four pieces of standard photovoltaic battery locations are put and mobile sequential schematic;
Fig. 3 adopts the present invention to test the unevenness planimetric map of certain type pulse solar simulator;
Fig. 4 adopts the present invention to test the instability data and curves figure of certain type pulse solar simulator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity of the present invention and instability test macro comprise: No. 1 standard photovoltaic cell C1, No. 2 standard photovoltaic cell C2, No. 3 standard photovoltaic cell C3, No. 4 standard photovoltaic cell C4.Four standard photovoltaic cells C1, C2, C3, C4 are as optical sensor of the present invention.Described standard photovoltaic battery size is 2cm × 2cm, and material is polysilicon or monocrystalline silicon.This battery, according to the regulation of international standard IEC60904-2:2007, makes with aluminum alloy casing encapsulation, has stable calibration value after rating test.
No. 1 described standard photovoltaic cell C1 is fixed on the edge in tested solar simulator effective irradiation face, using this No. 1 standard photovoltaic cell C1 as benchmark, for the comparison of irradiance and the correction of instability.
No. 2 described standard photovoltaic cell C2, No. 3 standard photovoltaic cell C3 and No. 4 standard photovoltaic cell C4 are arranged in the adjacent decile cell of about three of solar simulator irradiation face, and three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells described in manually mobile in turn measure the irradiance value of solar simulator.Moving method is: three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells to be moved: No. 2 described standard photovoltaic cell C2, No. 3 standard photovoltaic cell C3 and No. 4 standard photovoltaic cell C4 are integrally, from the upper left corner in solar simulator effective irradiation face, from left to right in the first row cell, be a unit with three lattice, manually order is not mobile overlappingly, after having covered the first row cell, then with the manually movement in the second row cell of same order, the like, cover all row in solar simulator effective irradiation face.If decile cell is not from left to right the integral multiple of three, can reduce by one piece or two pieces of standard photovoltaic cells when moving to the rightmost side, guaranteeing just in time to cover all cells in solar simulator effective irradiation face, avoid survey more.
The present invention also comprises a data acquisition unit.Described data acquisition unit comprises high-accuracy measuring resistance R1, R2, R3 and R4 that a four-way independence AD data collecting card and four resistances are 0.1 ohm; Described four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells C1, C2, C3, C4 form four closed loops respectively by the respective channel of described data acquisition unit with corresponding measuring resistance R1, R2, R3 or R4, described four closed loops generation current under illumination condition; Data collecting card in described data acquisition unit has four input channels, each input channel comprises positive and negative two interfaces, the positive and negative interface of each passage connects the two ends of corresponding measuring resistance R1, R2, R3 or R4 respectively, the high-accuracy measuring resistance R1 of four 0.1 ohm, the voltage signal at R2, R3 and R4 two ends that are used for described in gathering.Four road voltage signals, after described data collecting card AD conversion becomes digital signal, send computing machine by described data acquisition unit output channel to through USB data line.
The present invention also comprises a computing machine, and this computing machine is connected by USB data line with data acquisition unit, provides data to show and process to native system.The Signal aspects collected is gone out data and curves by described computing machine, draws the irradiation nonuniformity value of solar simulator and unstable angle value through data processing, and judges the performance rate of this index according to international standard IEC60904-9:2007.
The job step of native system test solar simulator is carried out according to step described in international standard IEC60904-9:2007.The present invention adopts standard photovoltaic cell as irradiance optical sensor, according to the effective irradiation face size of solar simulator, effective good fortune is shown up and is divided into several test grids.Using one piece of standard photovoltaic cell as being fixed on effective irradiation face edge with reference to battery, the irradiance value at other three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells manually traverse measurement diverse location place.Each piece of standard photovoltaic cell, by the irradiance value of data acquisition unit four road synchronous acquisition solar simulator, becomes digital signal through AD conversion, is sent to computing machine.By computer disposal, pass through and reference battery comparison, carry out irradiance corrected Calculation, extrapolate the irradiation nonuniformity value of each test grid in solar simulator effective irradiation face.
1, irradiation nonuniformity test
Embodiment: a certain pulse solar simulator effective irradiation face is 200cm × 100cm.This area is obtained 312.5cm after 64
2.Because this value is less than 400cm
2, therefore the full-size of standard photovoltaic cell can not more than 312.5cm
2, in effective irradiation face, at least to divide 64 grids.If be divided into eight row nine to arrange totally 72 grids and test, four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells are adopted to measure as optical sensor.Wherein one piece of conduct is with reference to battery, is positioned over the edge in effective irradiation face.Another three pieces as mobile battery, to be arranged in solar simulator effective irradiation face in about three adjacent decile cells successively, three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells to be moved integrally, from the upper left corner in effective irradiation face, be that a unit is not manual overlappingly with three lattice in the first row cell from left to right sequentially to move three times, after having covered the first row cell, then dynamic mobile the second row cell expert with same order, the like, manually move 24 times in turn altogether, guarantee just in time to cover 72 cells in all solar simulator effective irradiation faces, as shown in Figure 2.The test signal of data acquisition unit synchronous acquisition four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells, sends into computer disposal.The numerical value of the solar simulator irradiance gathered, passes through the numerical value collected with reference battery and revises, obtain revised irradiance value, as the effective irradiation angle value of each test grid.
The unevenness matrix data of this pulse solar simulator is in table 1, and Fig. 3 is shown in by unevenness planimetric map.
Table 1 unevenness matrix
| 997.16 | 999.35 | 1015.84 | 1017.70 | 997.46 | 1007.32 | 1022.28 | 1029.79 | 1033.34 |
| 997.61 | 1001.21 | 1009.65 | 997.57 | 999.12 | 1009.78 | 1022.47 | 1029.55 | 1028.25 |
| 998.02 | 1003.58 | 999.74 | 1002.53 | 1001.12 | 1014.52 | 1028.04 | 1030.74 | 1027.98 |
| 997.18 | 1012.95 | 1002.75 | 998.25 | 1006.29 | 1014.97 | 1027.52 | 1026.35 | 1029.61 |
| 1006.26 | 999.91 | 1001.84 | 1004.94 | 1003.40 | 1019.13 | 1024.96 | 1028.35 | 1035.97 |
| 1003.73 | 1001.20 | 1004.91 | 1006.00 | 1009.46 | 1012.47 | 1024.50 | 1033.48 | 1035.45 |
| 997.66 | 1003.01 | 1007.24 | 1000.97 | 1011.50 | 1015.83 | 1025.33 | 1036.17 | 1030.86 |
| 998.19 | 1003.72 | 1008.81 | 999.88 | 1004.62 | 1017.16 | 1020.13 | 1029.58 | 1020.13 |
Irradiation nonuniformity adopts formula (1) to calculate:
Maximum irradiance and minimum irradiance refer at the Validity Test plane internal standard photovoltaic cell measured value meaning to fix a point in office.
2, irradiation instability test
Embodiment: a certain impulse type solar simulator for effective irradiation face being 200cm × 100cm, instability changes relevant with the irradiance in data acquisition time.Be positioned at solar simulator effective irradiation face center position in a upper unevenness testing example, as the data analysis calculating of the standard photovoltaic cell collection that fourth line the 5th arranges, wherein instability data and curves as shown in Figure 4.
Instability is calculated by formula (2).
Here maximum irradiance and minimum irradiance are determined by the purposes of solar simulator.If permanance irradiation measurement solar simulator, maximum irradiance and minimum irradiance refer to the irradiance value in the arbitrfary point position measurement in test plane of irradiation time section internal detector.
Claims (1)
1. solar simulator irradiation nonuniformity and an instability test macro, described test macro comprises:
Four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) through demarcating, as the optical sensor of described test macro;
A data acquisition unit, four input channels of this data acquisition unit are connected with four pieces of standard photovoltaic cells (C1, C2, C3, C4), carry out AD conversion to the signal that described test macro gathers;
A computing machine, this computing machine is connected by USB data line with data acquisition unit, provides data processing and display to described test macro;
Described data acquisition unit comprises the measuring resistance (R1, R2, R3, R4) that a four-way independence AD data collecting card and four resistances are 0.1 ohm; The positive and negative interface of each passage of described data collecting card connects the two ends of corresponding measuring resistance respectively,
It is characterized in that, in four pieces of described standard photovoltaic cells, one piece of standard photovoltaic cell (C1) is fixed on the edge in tested solar simulator effective irradiation face, and its excess-three block standard photovoltaic cell (C2, C3, C4) is arranged in the adjacent decile cell of about three of solar simulator effective irradiation face successively; With three pieces of standard photovoltaic cells (C2, C3, C4) integrally, from the upper left corner in solar simulator effective irradiation face, from left to right in the first row cell, be that a unit is manual overlappingly with three cells sequentially to move, after having covered the first row cell, then with same order in the second row cell manually movement, the like, cover all row in solar simulator effective irradiation face.
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| CN104991141B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | Irradiation evenness Real-time and On-line in a kind of irradiation industry |
| CN105092213A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-25 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Device and method for testing irradiation non-uniformity and instability of solar simulator |
| CN105281666B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-07-14 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of method for improving solar cell irradiation sensor measuring accuracy |
| CN107152999B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-02-05 | 广东省计量科学研究院（华南国家计量测试中心） | Solar simulator irradiation level unevenness calibration method |
| CN108874739B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2022-04-05 | 河海大学常州校区 | Method for calculating irradiation unevenness of photovoltaic module under shielding of photovoltaic square matrix space |
| CN112234942B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-01-25 | 泰州隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Solar simulator nonuniformity detection method and photochromic plate |
| CN114244276B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-07-07 | 成都中建材光电材料有限公司 | Calibration, preservation and use method of cadmium telluride standard solar cell |
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