CN103461001A - Method for rapidly culturing oyster mushrooms at high temperature season at high yield - Google Patents
Method for rapidly culturing oyster mushrooms at high temperature season at high yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461001A CN103461001A CN 201310429476 CN201310429476A CN103461001A CN 103461001 A CN103461001 A CN 103461001A CN 201310429476 CN201310429476 CN 201310429476 CN 201310429476 A CN201310429476 A CN 201310429476A CN 103461001 A CN103461001 A CN 103461001A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 5
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 12 kilograms Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002640 oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006286 nutrient intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly culturing oyster mushrooms at a high temperature season at a high yield. The method specifically comprises the following steps: building a greenhouse of which the ceiling is over 2.5 meters in height and the periphery is well ventilated and in which a spraying facility is arranged; organizing raw materials, and introducing oxygen for fermenting; mixing the fermented production raw material with a larger quantity of oyster mushroom spawns and putting into a spawn bag; symmetrically punching a plurality of ventilation holes in the spawn bag to replenish oxygen and exhaust excessive heat and waste gas out of the bag, thereby accelerating the growth of hyphae, avoiding bacterial contamination caused by burning of the bag at a high temperature, ensuring rapid development of the hyphae and contributing to robust growth of mushroom buds. Meanwhile, the ventilation holes also play a role in fruiting via channels. According to the method, the oyster mushrooms are harvested appropriately after becoming mature at 60-80 percent; oyster mushroom fruiting bodies are picked in time and are of high quality and high price, unnecessary nutrition consumption can be reduced, the formation of spores is avoided, and smaller harvest interval, fruiting, rapid growth and high yield of a next batch of mushrooms are facilitated greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of edible fungus culturing new technical field, be specifically related to a kind of flat mushroom at the rapid-result high-yield cultivating method of high temperature season.
Background technology
High temperature is totally unfavorable to flat mushroom normal growth and high yield, and as still adopted the conventional cultivation method, not only the flat mushroom cost is high, and yields poorly.
At present, at the high temperature season cultivating white mushroom, be generally to cultivate by grog.Grog cultivating white mushroom not only technique is loaded down with trivial details, and cost is high, and pollution rate is high.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide brand-new a kind of flat mushroom at the rapid-result high-yield cultivating method of high temperature season.Specifically comprise: build a structure ceiling and keep well-ventilated, layout that the booth of spraying facility is arranged higher than 2.5 meters, surrounding, by the laggard aerobe fermentation that works of raw tissue, then the production fermented is mixed with raw material and flat mushroom strain and the bacterium bag of packing in, then bacterium bag symmetry is got to several ventilative holes, in order to too much heat and waste gas in supplemental oxygen and drainage bag, also play the effect of channel fruiting simultaneously; Flat mushroom between the megathermal period is being held in 6～8 ripe timely collectings.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of flat mushroom, at the rapid-result high-yield cultivating method of high temperature season, comprises the steps: in technical scheme
1, place builds: the fruiting place will be chosen in the well-ventilated, near water source, place that shaded effects are good, build ceiling higher than the booth of 2.5 meters, the thicker straw screen or mat of the outer covering of booth, the booth surrounding keeps inside and outside well-ventilated, in booth, layout is set up spraying facility, by spraying, improves humidity and reduction temperature in canopy.
2, raw material proportioning: 500 kilograms of corncobs, 50 kilograms of wheat brans, 15 kilograms of corn flour, stone are given birth to 17 kilograms of ashes, 12 kilograms, gypsum, 4 kilograms, urea, 2 kilograms of EM bacterium, 2 kilograms, magnesium sulfate, 5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 2 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, mould clean 2 kilograms of gram, and water is appropriate.
3, logical aerobe fermentation: by above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring, tiling, after adding water by material-water ratio 1:1.3～1.5, stirring is mixed thoroughly, then piles up for high 1～1.2 meter, wide 1.3～1.5 meters of stockpile, do not add a cover any object above stockpile, keep stirring every day 5～6 times; After each stirring, with the wooden stick of 5～6 centimetres of diameters, in left and right, 30 centimetres, stockpile face interval, evenly get hole on earth, so continuing fermentation must be produced and use raw material in 7～8 days.
4, inoculation: will produce with raw material and routinely cultured flat mushroom strain mix and stir, sowing quantity is 15%～20%, utilizes the advantage that the bacterial classification amount is large, can reduce miscellaneous bacteria and infect chance, quickening bacterium speed; Select the bacterium bag of 50 centimetres of 28 cm x, then will produce with the raw material bacterium bag of packing into.
5, logical oxygen is sent out bacterium: the penetrating hole of the bacterium bag symmetry of having feeded being got to 2 centimetres of 3～4 diameters, in order to too much heat and waste gas in supplemental oxygen and drainage bag, during cultivation, to keep the circulation of air in place smooth and easy, and keep relative air humidity 75～85%; The bacterium bag individual layer that mycelia has been covered with is thrown into ground, when temperature surpasses 28 ℃, between bag and bag, will reserve gap, prevent that material temperature is too high and burn mycelia to death, often observe the mycelial growth situation between bacteria developing period, accomplish to turn in time bag, strengthen the ventilation of baterial cultivation chamber, prevent hot and humid.
6, channel fruiting: owing to having beaten logical oxygen hole on the bacterium bag, will lead to again the sealing that interweaves of oxygen hole after dense mycelia grows, thereby form bacterial spawn one, the effect of oxygen therapy channel just can be played in this hole, thereby impels young mushroom to form fast and growth; Simultaneously, and will reach the rule fruiting, improve the purpose of output, also to accomplish to dredge in time flower bud, the requirement of dredging flower bud is the formation that only retains hole place button, gather and carry so that nutrition is concentrated to the button at hole place, promote mushroom flower bud Fast Growth and expand, make flat mushroom bacteria and fruiting fast and regularly simultaneously, both output can be improved, and quality can be promoted again.
7, timely collecting: the listing of gathering of the flat mushroom between the megathermal period, hold 6～8 ripe timely collectings.
The existing following advantage of the present invention:
1, mushroom cultivation method and technology plan plot proposed by the invention is novel, measure is unique, and technique is simple, easily implements.
2, by implementing the present invention, during fermenting raw materials, be that raw material is piled up for high 1～1.2 meter, wide 1.3～1.5 meters of stockpile, do not add a cover any object above stockpile, keep stirring every day 5～6 times; After each stirring, evenly get hole on earth with the wooden stick of 5～6 centimetres of diameters in left and right, 30 centimetres, stockpile face interval, in order to pernicious gas in the excretion material, make ambient air add in time in stockpile with pressure action simultaneously, meet the demand of aerobic flora, recycle biological heat energy killing pathogenic bacteria, insect that these floras produce; Through stirring repeatedly, reach the purpose of purification, slaking composts or fertilisers of cultivating.
3, flat mushroom cultivation in raw material sowing quantity is generally 10% left and right, and while cultivating in the megathermal period, sowing quantity should be increased to 15%～20%, utilizes the advantage that the bacterial classification amount is large, can reduce miscellaneous bacteria and infect chance, accelerates to send out bacterium speed, improves cultivation output.Simultaneously, implementing the present invention, is that composts or fertilisers of cultivating and a large amount of bacterial classifications are mixed, and bacterial classification is spread all over and in whole composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and bacterial classification is once composts or fertilisers of cultivating is covered with in sprouting, mycelia soon.
4, by implementing the present invention, the symmetrical penetrating hole of getting 2 centimetres of 3～4 diameters on the bacterium bag of 50 centimetres of 28 cm x, in order to too much heat and waste gas in supplemental oxygen and drainage bag, burrow like this and can not only accelerate the growth of mycelia, and the living contaminants that can avoid the high temperature burning bag to cause, guarantee the mycelia Rapid development, the healthy and strong growth of mushroom flower bud.
5, by implementing the present invention, set up spraying facility in canopy, by spraying, improve in canopy humidity and reduce temperature, and can keep accomplishing while spraying water even, thin, operating efficiency increases substantially.
6, by implementing the present invention, the bacterium bag is put ingeniously, and flat mushroom bacterium bag after planting, individual layer to be thrown into ground.When temperature surpasses 28 ℃, bag with bag between to reserve gap, prevent that material temperature is too high and burn mycelia to death.
7, by implementing the present invention, being held in 6～8 maturations, be timely collecting.List marketing in time, efficient to obtain high price.And, pluck in time mushroom carpophore, quality better not only, price is high, also can reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption, avoids the formation of spore, and to next damp mushroom change of tide, fruiting, Fast Growth and to win high yield very favourable early
8, by implementing the present invention, produce flat mushroom period at high temperature season, not only rapid-result, and realize high-quality, high yield, and be applicable to very much flat mushroom in the batch production of high temperature time, intensive, large-scale production, be worth promoting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of flat mushroom is at the rapid-result high-yield cultivating method of high temperature season, and embodiment is as follows:
1, place builds: the fruiting place will be chosen in the well-ventilated, near water source, place that shaded effects are good, build ceiling higher than the booth of 2.5 meters, the thicker straw screen or mat of the outer covering of booth, the booth surrounding keeps inside and outside well-ventilated, in booth, layout is set up spraying facility, by spraying, improves humidity and reduction temperature in canopy.
2, raw material proportioning: 500 kilograms of corncobs, 50 kilograms of wheat brans, 15 kilograms of corn flour, stone are given birth to 17 kilograms of ashes, 12 kilograms, gypsum, 4 kilograms, urea, 2 kilograms of EM bacterium, 2 kilograms, magnesium sulfate, 5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 2 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, mould clean 2 kilograms of gram, and water is appropriate.
3, logical aerobe fermentation: by above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring, tiling, after adding water by material-water ratio 1:1.3～1.5, stirring is mixed thoroughly, then piles up for high 1～1.2 meter, wide 1.3～1.5 meters of stockpile, do not add a cover any object above stockpile, keep stirring every day 5～6 times; After each stirring, with the wooden stick of 5～6 centimetres of diameters, in left and right, 30 centimetres, stockpile face interval, evenly get hole on earth, so continuing fermentation must be produced and use raw material in 7～8 days.
4, inoculation: will produce with raw material and routinely cultured flat mushroom strain mix and stir, sowing quantity is 15%～20%, utilizes the advantage that the bacterial classification amount is large, can reduce miscellaneous bacteria and infect chance, quickening bacterium speed; Select the bacterium bag of 50 centimetres of 28 cm x, then will produce with the raw material bacterium bag of packing into.
5, logical oxygen is sent out bacterium: the penetrating hole of the bacterium bag symmetry of having feeded being got to 2 centimetres of 3～4 diameters, in order to too much heat and waste gas in supplemental oxygen and drainage bag, during cultivation, to keep the circulation of air in place smooth and easy, and keep relative air humidity 75～85%; The bacterium bag individual layer that mycelia has been covered with is thrown into ground, when temperature surpasses 28 ℃, between bag and bag, will reserve gap, prevent that material temperature is too high and burn mycelia to death, often observe the mycelial growth situation between bacteria developing period, accomplish to turn in time bag, strengthen the ventilation of baterial cultivation chamber, prevent hot and humid.
6, channel fruiting: owing to having beaten logical oxygen hole on the bacterium bag, will lead to again the sealing that interweaves of oxygen hole after dense mycelia grows, thereby form bacterial spawn one, the effect of oxygen therapy channel just can be played in this hole, thereby impels young mushroom to form fast and growth; Simultaneously, and will reach the rule fruiting, improve the purpose of output, also to accomplish to dredge in time flower bud, the requirement of dredging flower bud is the formation that only retains hole place button, gather and carry so that nutrition is concentrated to the button at hole place, promote mushroom flower bud Fast Growth and expand, make flat mushroom bacteria and fruiting fast and regularly simultaneously, both output can be improved, and quality can be promoted again.
7, timely collecting: the listing of gathering of the flat mushroom between the megathermal period, hold 6～8 ripe timely collectings.
Claims (1)
1. a flat mushroom, at the rapid-result high-yield cultivating method of high temperature season, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) place builds: the fruiting place will be chosen in the well-ventilated, near water source, place that shaded effects are good, build ceiling higher than the booth of 2.5 meters, the thicker straw screen or mat of the outer covering of booth, the booth surrounding keeps inside and outside well-ventilated, in booth, layout is set up spraying facility, by spraying, improves humidity and reduction temperature in canopy;
(2) raw material proportioning: 500 kilograms of corncobs, 50 kilograms of wheat brans, 15 kilograms of corn flour, stone are given birth to 17 kilograms of ashes, 12 kilograms, gypsum, 4 kilograms, urea, 2 kilograms of EM bacterium, 2 kilograms, magnesium sulfate, 5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 2 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, mould clean 2 kilograms of gram, and water is appropriate;
(3) logical aerobe fermentation: by above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring, tiling, after adding water by material-water ratio 1:1.3～1.5, stirring is mixed thoroughly, then piles up for high 1～1.2 meter, wide 1.3～1.5 meters of stockpile, do not add a cover any object above stockpile, keep stirring every day 5～6 times; After each stirring, with the wooden stick of 5～6 centimetres of diameters, in left and right, 30 centimetres, stockpile face interval, evenly get hole on earth, so continuing fermentation must be produced and use raw material in 7～8 days;
(4) inoculation: will produce with raw material and routinely cultured flat mushroom strain mix and stir, sowing quantity is 15%～20%, utilizes the advantage that the bacterial classification amount is large, can reduce miscellaneous bacteria and infect chance, quickening bacterium speed; Select the bacterium bag of 50 centimetres of 28 cm x, then will produce with the raw material bacterium bag of packing into;
(5) logical oxygen is sent out bacterium: the penetrating hole of the bacterium bag symmetry of having feeded being got to 2 centimetres of 3～4 diameters, in order to too much heat and waste gas in supplemental oxygen and drainage bag, during cultivation, to keep the circulation of air in place smooth and easy, and keep relative air humidity 75～85%; The bacterium bag individual layer that mycelia has been covered with is thrown into ground, when temperature surpasses 28 ℃, between bag and bag, will reserve gap, prevent that material temperature is too high and burn mycelia to death, often observe the mycelial growth situation between bacteria developing period, accomplish to turn in time bag, strengthen the ventilation of baterial cultivation chamber, prevent hot and humid;
(6) channel fruiting: owing to having beaten logical oxygen hole on the bacterium bag, will lead to again the sealing that interweaves of oxygen hole after dense mycelia grows, thereby form bacterial spawn one, the effect of oxygen therapy channel just can be played in this hole, thereby impels young mushroom to form fast and growth; Simultaneously, and will reach the rule fruiting, improve the purpose of output, also to accomplish to dredge in time flower bud, the requirement of dredging flower bud is the formation that only retains hole place button, gather and carry so that nutrition is concentrated to the button at hole place, promote mushroom flower bud Fast Growth and expand, make flat mushroom bacteria and fruiting fast and regularly simultaneously, both output can be improved, and quality can be promoted again;
(7) timely collecting: the listing of gathering of the flat mushroom between the megathermal period, hold 6～8 ripe timely collectings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201310429476 CN103461001A (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2013-09-19 | Method for rapidly culturing oyster mushrooms at high temperature season at high yield |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201310429476 CN103461001A (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2013-09-19 | Method for rapidly culturing oyster mushrooms at high temperature season at high yield |
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| CN103461001A true CN103461001A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104303841A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-28 | 青岛华盛绿能农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation process for aerated spawn running of oyster mushroom |
| CN104521561A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Cultivation method for secondary pleurotus geesteranus fruiting |
| CN105393793A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-16 | 黄福忠 | Bag cultivation Pleurotus ostreatus simple and fast hypha running method |
| CN106171534A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2016-12-07 | 莘县富邦菌业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind |
-
2013
- 2013-09-19 CN CN 201310429476 patent/CN103461001A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104303841A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-28 | 青岛华盛绿能农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation process for aerated spawn running of oyster mushroom |
| CN104521561A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Cultivation method for secondary pleurotus geesteranus fruiting |
| CN105393793A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-16 | 黄福忠 | Bag cultivation Pleurotus ostreatus simple and fast hypha running method |
| CN106171534A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2016-12-07 | 莘县富邦菌业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |
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