CN103460946A - Method for improving survival rate of kosteletzkya virginica planted in seaside saline soil - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of kosteletzkya virginica planted in seaside saline soil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 241000982152 Kosteletzkya virginica Species 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000050 nutritive Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003381 solubilizing Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003165 Abomasum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001123597 Funneliformis mosseae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000293035 Apophysomyces Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000746413 Spartina Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001149258 Sporobolus alterniflorus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavone Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavones Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the survival rate of kosteletzkya virginica planted in seaside saline soil. The method comprises the four steps of (1) preparation of soil for a nutrition pot, (2) land preparation, (3) plantation and (4) management. By the adoption of the method, the germination rate and survival rate of the kosteletzkya virginica in heavy saline soil are effectively improved to over 90 percent and over 99 percent respectively. The method is easy to operate, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of ecological planting technology, be specifically related to a kind of method that improves seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica survival rate.
Background technology
Nearly 0.2 hundred million hectares of China's seaside saline-soil, 3,000,000 hectares of left and right of coastal saline soil area, be the important standby land resources of China.Growing and can utilize under the background that arable land sharply reduces at current China's population, introduce a fine variety on beach by the sea and develop and there is the salt-tolerant plant that Important Economic is worth and attracted increasing concern.Wherein, the kostelezkya virginica of being introduced from the U.S. in 1993～nineteen ninety-five by the admiration professor of Nanjing University becomes in recent years domestic shore reclamation by the sea and pays close attention to more a kind of focus plant utilizing process.
Kostelezkya virginica (Kosteletzkya virginica(L) presl.) be the Malvaceae herbaceos perennial, originate in the saliferous marshland of the coastal Delaware State to the Texas in eastern united states.It possesses the anti-characteristic of flooding of salt tolerant, and the growth substrate salt content, up to 2.5%, can promote beach or enclose and cultivate district's desalination getting fat; Its seed is rich in fat and protein, is important oil plant, feed resource; Its piece root contains the three major types active component: polysaccharide, general flavone and saponin, there is good enhancing immunity of organisms and anti-inflammatory efficacy, and can develop health food, medicine or feed addictive etc.; Its stem hide fiber can be developed as multiple textile; Its flower is large and the florescence is long, has higher landscape value and economic worth, is a kind of multiduty good salt tolerant oil plants.Widely popularize this halophytes of plantation for development circumlittoral agriculture economy in China's Coastal Areas, promote seaside saline-soil to develop, improve the beach ecotope and there is important strategic importance.The main plantation district of China's kostelezkya virginica is positioned at beach ground, northern Suzhou, Jiangsu at present, at the coastal beach of the provinces such as Shandong and Liaoning, fragmentary distribution is also arranged in addition.Yet, because the high salinity of seaside saline-soil causes solonchak available N and P, potassium, organic equal size low, the pH value is higher, and water-permeable and air permeable is poor, easily harden, severe inhibition crop seed germination rate, make that the crop seedling survival rate is low, growing way is poor, finally causes output to decline to a great extent.Although the kostelezkya virginica plant has certain salt resistance, but the natural germination rate on the beach saline soil of northern Suzhou is very low, soil salt content surpasses 10 ‰ o'clock germination rates and declines to a great extent, substantially do not sprout to 25 ‰, even sprout also because the severe salt stress causes survival rate extremely low, this has greatly limited its output and economic output.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that can improve seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica germination rate and survival rate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that improves seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica survival rate, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) prepare soil for nutritive cube: by salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and common agricultural land soil, be 4～6: 3～5 in mass ratio: after 80～100 ratio mixes, packing into is highly the nutritive cube of 15cm, and soil loading amount is as the criterion with distance rim of a cup 3cm;
(2) whole ground: be chosen in the last ten-days period in May, will treat that weeding post-trenching in planting site earth's surface does furrow, the furrow specification is 20m * 4m, and every furrow both sides excavation width is 0.4m～0.6m, the furrow ditch that the degree of depth is 0.3m～0.5m;
(3) plantation: according to seeding row spacing 0.3m * 0.8m, dig the acupuncture point that the degree of depth is 12cm～14cm, then after at the bottom of nutritive cube being removed glass, put into acupuncture point, use rammed earth, first water irrigates the compost in nutritive cube, then each nutritive cube is put into 4～6 kostelezkya virginica seeds, cover the thick Nutrition Soil of 1cm, then cover rice husk or the wood chip that one deck 1cm is thick, last full line planting area reed straw covered with sunshade;
(4) management: after emerging in 3～5 days, retain each nutritive cube one strain seedling, dailyly carry out the weeding measure.
Described salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria is sabkha apophysis mould (Apophysomyces spartina), from Yancheng nature reserve spartina alterniflora loisel's beach soil, be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number is CGMCCNo.7717;
Described arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae (Glomus mosseae), from Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo " Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In China germplasm resource bank (BGC) ", buys.
Described common agricultural land soil refers to that salt content is lower than 1 ‰ soil, other physical and chemical index no requirement (NR)s.
Described nutritive cube is commercially available degradable dixie cup, and bore is 5～8cm, is highly 15cm.
The present invention utilizes nutritive cube also to adopt the processing such as covering rice husk or wood chip, reed straw to plant kostelezkya virginica on strongly salined soil, has effectively avoided the kostelezkya virginica sprouting initial stage to be subject to the salt stress impact and has caused the drawback that germination rate is low, and germination rate is reached more than 90%; Add microbial bacterial agent in nutritive cube compost used, can improve the nutrient components such as rapid available phosphorus that lack in seaside saline-soil for the kostelezkya virginica seedling, and can enlarge the scope of Root Absorption mineral nutrition, improve the salt stress-resistant ability of seedling, the kostelezkya virginica seedling percent is reached more than 99%; Be chosen in and plant kostelezkya virginica the last ten-days period in May and can take full advantage of the facility that riviera progresses into rainy season, rainwater has not only rinsed a large amount of salinities on earth's surface, also for the sprouting of kostelezkya virginica with survive and improved enough moisture without manually watering, a large amount of freshwater resources and manpower and materials have been saved.
Specific implementation method
One embodiment below is described in detail in detail, but it is not limited to any or similar example in these embodiment.
1. enforcement place
Be positioned at the discarded place of evaporating brine, Qing Kou saltern, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province with implementing, belong to north subtropical fallen leaves, evergreen broad-leaved forest belt weather.3～May of every year, drought, entered rainy season since the last ten-days period in May.Evaporate brine owing to carrying for a long time halogen in this ground, soil salt content is up to 15.6g/kg, organic 5.23g/Kg, pH8.94, rapid available phosphorus 7.21mg/Kg, available potassium 617.2mg/Kg, available nitrogen 55.7mg/Kg.Its soil is clay loam, and natural vegetation seldom or undergrowth.
2. implementation method and content
(1) prepare soil for nutritive cube: after the ratio that is 4: 3: 80 in mass ratio by salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and common agricultural land soil mixes, packing into is highly the nutritive cube of 15cm, and soil loading amount is as the criterion with distance rim of a cup 3cm.
(2) wholely: be chosen in the last ten-days period in May, will treat the simple weeding in planting site earth's surface, smooth, do not turned over and can avoid taking underground salinity to earth's surface.Then trench digging is done furrow, and the furrow specification is 20m * 4m, furrow ditch parallel with furrow length of every furrow both sides excavation, and width is 0.6m, the degree of depth is 0.5m.
(3) plantation: according to seeding row spacing 0.3m * 0.8m, dig the acupuncture point that the degree of depth is 12cm (cave deeply can be avoided rainwash to wrap up in the band salinity lower than the nutritive cube height and enter nutritive cube), then after at the bottom of nutritive cube being removed glass, put into acupuncture point, use rammed earth, first water irrigates the compost in nutritive cube, then each nutritive cube is put into 5 kostelezkya virginica seeds (commercially available), cover the thick Nutrition Soil of 1cm, then cover the rice husk that one deck 1cm is thick, last full line planting area reed straw covered with sunshade.
(4) management: after emerging in 3～5 days, retain each nutritive cube one strain seedling, dailyly carry out weeding and get final product, without watering and other measures such as deinsectization.
(1) phosphate solubilizing bacteria of salt tolerant described in is sabkha apophysis mould (Apophysomyces spartina); from Yancheng nature reserve spartina alterniflora loisel's beach soil; be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center; preserving number is CGMCCNo.7717, utilizes Martin's medium to expand numerous obtaining.Described arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae (Glomus mosseae), from Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo " Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In China germplasm resource bank (BGC) ", buys; Described common agricultural land soil refers to the soil that salt content is 0.45wt ‰.Described nutritive cube is commercially available degradable dixie cup, and bore is 8cm, is highly 15cm.
3. result of implementation
After adopting above technology plantation kostelezkya virginica, the kostelezkya virginica germination rate reaches 95.8%, and seedling percent is 100%.Growth of seedling has no the phenomena of mortality in 1 year, and it is vigorous to grow, and root system is very large, in late August, can yield positive results successively.
Below in conjunction with comparative trial, the invention will be further described.
Test the impact on the kostelezkya virginica survival rate with soil of 1 nutritive cube
Process of the test: practice ground is the same.After the ratio that is respectively 1: 6: 93,5: 4: 91,10: 2: 88 in mass ratio by salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and common agricultural land soil mixes, packing into is highly the nutritive cube of 15cm, and soil loading amount is as the criterion with distance rim of a cup 3cm; The Nutrition Soil of every kind of ratio fills 100 nutritive cubes.Then be chosen in the last ten-days period in May, will treat that weeding post-trenching in planting site earth's surface does furrow, the furrow specification is 20m * 4m, and every furrow both sides excavation width is 0.4m, the furrow ditch that the degree of depth is 0.3m; Dig according to seeding row spacing 0.3m * 0.8m the acupuncture point that the degree of depth is 14cm, then after at the bottom of nutritive cube being removed glass, put into acupuncture point, use rammed earth, first water irrigates the compost in nutritive cube, then each nutritive cube is put into 5 kostelezkya virginica seeds, cover the thick Nutrition Soil of 1cm, then cover rice husk or the wood chip that one deck 1cm is thick, last full line planting area reed straw covered with sunshade; Each the nutritive cube one strain seedling of rear reservation that emerges, dailyly carry out the weeding measure.Measure germination rate after 5 days, measure each ecological index after 100 days, in Table 1.
Table 1 nutritive cube is the impact on the kostelezkya virginica survival rate with soil
| Configuration proportion | 1∶6∶93 | 5∶4∶91 | 10∶2∶88 |
| Germination rate (%) | 84 | 95 | 91 |
| Survival rate (%) | 55 | 98 | 73 |
| Plant height (cm) | 33 | 106 | 58 |
| Branch amount | 11 | 35 | 16 |
| Dry weight (g/ strain) | 23 | 78 | 34 |
By table, can be found out, utilizing the nutritive cube of salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the preparation of common agricultural land soil of different proportion is not very large with the native impact of the germination rate on kostelezkya virginica, but survival rate and upgrowth situation are affected significantly.The kostelezkya virginica germination rate that is 5: 4: 91 o'clock at the configuration proportion of salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and common agricultural land soil and survival rate be all for the highest, and all show best growth result on the indexs such as plant height, branch amount and dry weight.
Claims (3)
1. a method that improves seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica survival rate, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare soil for nutritive cube: by salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and common agricultural land soil, be 4～6: 3～5 in mass ratio: after 80～100 ratio mixes, packing into is highly the nutritive cube of 15cm, and soil loading amount is as the criterion with distance rim of a cup 3cm;
(2) whole ground: be chosen in the last ten-days period in May, will treat that the simple weeding post-trenching in planting site earth's surface does furrow, the furrow specification is 20m * 4m, and one of every furrow both sides excavation is grown parallel furrow ditch with furrow, and furrow ditch width is 0.4m～0.6m, and the degree of depth is 0.3m～0.5m;
(3) plantation: according to seeding row spacing 0.3m * 0.8m, dig the acupuncture point that the degree of depth is 12cm～14cm, then after at the bottom of nutritive cube being removed glass, put into acupuncture point, use rammed earth, first water irrigates the compost in nutritive cube, then each nutritive cube is put into 4～6 kostelezkya virginica seeds, cover the thick Nutrition Soil of 1cm, then cover rice husk or the wood chip that one deck 1cm is thick, last full line planting area reed straw covered with sunshade;
(4) management: after emerging in 3～5 days, retain each nutritive cube one strain seedling, dailyly carry out the weeding measure.
2. a kind of method that improves seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that described salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria is sabkha apophysis mould; Described arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae.
3. a kind of method that improves seaside saline-soil plantation kostelezkya virginica survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that described common agricultural land soil refers to the soil of salt content lower than 1wt ‰; Described nutritive cube is the degradable dixie cup, and bore is 5～8cm, is highly 15cm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733858A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏海力发生物科技有限公司 | Root tuber of kosteletzkya virginica being salt-tolerant plant and ecological cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN105594426A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 安徽森沣农业综合开发有限公司 | Method for planting polygonatum cyrtonema |
| CN106258057A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphate solubilizing bacteria work in coordination with promotion plant growing and the method for soil improvement |
| CN106583431A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 河南科技学院 | Bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metal lead cadmium and base on kosteletzkya virginica |
| CN109479631A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-19 | 金陵科技学院 | A method of it improving salt-soda soil kostelezkya virginica and grows directly from seeds shoot survival percent |
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| CN101331833A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2008-12-31 | 南京大学 | Use of AM phosphorus bacteria in seaside solonchak implantation |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733858A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏海力发生物科技有限公司 | Root tuber of kosteletzkya virginica being salt-tolerant plant and ecological cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN105594426A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 安徽森沣农业综合开发有限公司 | Method for planting polygonatum cyrtonema |
| CN106258057A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphate solubilizing bacteria work in coordination with promotion plant growing and the method for soil improvement |
| CN106583431A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 河南科技学院 | Bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metal lead cadmium and base on kosteletzkya virginica |
| CN109479631A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-19 | 金陵科技学院 | A method of it improving salt-soda soil kostelezkya virginica and grows directly from seeds shoot survival percent |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |