CN103442409A - User access method under macro cell and small cell heterogeneous network - Google Patents
User access method under macro cell and small cell heterogeneous network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a user access method under a macro cell and small cell heterogeneous network, and belongs to the field of communication. According to the user access method under the macro cell and small cell heterogeneous network, users to have access have three kinds of selectable access modes, except for a traditional small cell mode and a traditional macro cell mode, a D2D relay mode further exits, and under a certain condition, the users to have the access outside a small cell coverage range are made to build D2D relay chains with small cell users as relays through the channels of users repeatedly using a macro cell to access small base stations. A D2D relay technology is adopted to help the users outside the small cell coverage range to access the small base stations, the users outside the small cell coverage range can access the small base stations, the service range of a small cell can be enlarged without increasing the number of the small base stations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, user access method under the heterogeneous network that particularly a kind of macrocellular and cellulor coexist.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of wireless communication system, existing single network system can't meet the communicating requirement of two-forty, large capacity, high quality-of-service, the future development that the next generation wireless communication technology is just merging towards the plurality of wireless networks isomery.Heterogeneous network refers in the scope that macro base station covers, and introduces other communication modes, strengthens targetedly the covering of specific region, forms a kind of network configuration that multilayer covers, and has a network networking flexible, and maintenance cost is cheap, thereby has been subject to paying close attention to widely.
Introducing cellulor in single macrocellular network is to use at present heterogeneous network comparatively widely, and cellulor is distributed in macrocellular, and each cellulor has independently little base station (small cell base station, SBS).Cellulor refers to that the relative macrocellular of coverage covers less cellular network.The little base station of each cellulor can be disposed by cellular network operator or consumer.Can effectively alleviate the macrocellular load capacity by introducing cellulor, improve user communication quality.Because the coverage of cellulor is less, thereby can multiplexing same radio spectrum resources improve the availability of frequency spectrum between different cellulor.With respect to the access macro base station, the user can obtain better service and saves power consumption simultaneously by being linked into the nearer little base station of distance.Secondly, due to the limited coverage area of cellulor, so cellulor to a certain extent can the channelized frequencies resource, contributes to promote the availability of frequency spectrum
User in macrocellular and cellulor heterogeneous network can select 2 kinds of access modules: macrocellular pattern and cellulor pattern, and the macrocellular pattern refers to that user to be accessed directly accesses macro base station; The cellulor pattern refers to the directly little base station of access of user to be accessed.General user in the cellulor coverage selects the cellulor pattern, alleviated the load of macrocellular, yet, due to the limited coverage area of cellulor, the user outside the cellulor coverage, usually can't access little base station, and select the macrocellular pattern.Therefore, for all standing that realizes cellulor in macrocellular network needs a considerable amount of little base stations, and the high density layouts of cellulor can make the co-channel interference between cellulor more serious in cellular network, and power consumption is large, and cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For in prior art, for improving the cellulor coverage rate, causing the problem that cellulor quantity is large, the invention provides the user access method under a kind of macrocellular and cellulor heterogeneous network, under the prerequisite that does not increase cellulor quantity, effectively raise the coverage rate of cellulor.
User access method under a kind of macrocellular and cellulor heterogeneous network, in described user access method, the user has 3 kinds of access modules, be respectively cellulor pattern, macrocellular pattern and D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed obtains the position of self, and select access module according to position: if (a) user to be accessed is in the cellulor coverage, select the cellulor pattern, user to be accessed directly accesses little base station;
(b) if can user to be accessed, outside the cellulor coverage, obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network to select access module according to user to be accessed:
(b1) if user to be accessed can access the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network, select the D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed accesses little base station by the D2D relaying;
(b2) otherwise, select the D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed directly accesses macro base station.
In the present invention, user to be accessed has 3 kinds of alternative access modules, except traditional cellulor pattern and macrocellular pattern, also has the D2D repeater mode, makes the outer user of cellulor coverage also access under certain conditions little base station.D2D(Device-to-Device) technology is the important technical that cellular network is realized terminal direct communication.Employing D2D can be so that the outer user of cellulor coverage be linked into little base station as relaying technique, adopt the D2D relaying to help the outer user of cellulor coverage to be linked into little base station, can not increase the service range that enlarges cellulor under little number of base stations condition, be conducive to the user and experience.
Described D2D repeater mode comprises:
(1) in the channel relaying combination that the multiplexing total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network is minimum, corresponding macrocellular user's channel, set up the D2D link with corresponding cellulor user;
(2) user's to be accessed data by corresponding cellulor user be relay forwarding to little base station, make user to be accessed be linked into little base station;
Described trunk channel is combined as in the D2D repeater mode as the cellulor user of relaying and the macrocellular user's of channel combination is provided.
Each user to be accessed can only select at most a multiplexing macrocellular subscriber channel of cellulor user, and each cellulor user and macrocellular subscriber channel can only be served a user to be accessed.If trunk channel is combined as cellulor user n macrocellular user k, mean the channel that the active user adopts cellulor user n to be relaying multiplexing macrocellular user k.
User's to be accessed position is judged according to signal strength signal intensity:
If the station signal strength signal intensity of the grand base that user to be accessed receives is greater than the signal strength signal intensity of little base station, judge that user to be accessed is outside the cellulor coverage;
Otherwise, judge that user to be accessed is in the cellulor coverage.
Judge that by the signal that relatively receives is strong and weak user to be accessed is whether in the cellulor coverage, principle is simple, is easy to realization.
Can described user to be accessed obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network to adopt factor representation to be accessed, and the described factor to be accessed is the 0-1 variable:
If the factor to be accessed is " 1 ", mean that user to be accessed can access the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network;
If the factor to be accessed is " 0 ", mean that user to be accessed can not obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network.
The described factor to be accessed is determined according to D2D relaying and channel co-allocation mode, being comprised:
S1: calculate respectively the access power that accesses little base station when current user to be accessed adopts different trunk channel combination, described access power is that current user to be accessed adopts trunk channel to combine transmitting power required while accessing little base station and the corresponding user's of the cellulor as relaying transmitting power sum;
S2: when more current user to be accessed adopts the combination of different trunk channels respectively to the macrocellular user's of corresponding multipling channel interference and this macrocellular user's jamming margin;
Some disturbing is greater than jamming margin, and the access power when upgrading current user to be accessed and adopting the combination of corresponding trunk channel is default maximum transmission power;
Otherwise corresponding access power remains unchanged;
S3: circulation step S1～S2, obtain the access power of all users to be accessed when adopting different trunk channel combination, searching makes the trunk channel combination of all users' to be accessed access power sum minimum, and respectively lower each user's to be accessed of corresponding trunk channel combination the factor to be accessed is set to " 1 ", lower each user's to be accessed of other trunk channel combinations the factor to be accessed is set to " 0 ";
S4: the factor more to be accessed required transmitting power when the access power when the corresponding trunk channel combination and corresponding user to be accessed directly access macrocellular for the user to be accessed of " 1 " respectively, if access power is less than transmitting power, the corresponding user's to be accessed factor to be accessed remains " 1 ", otherwise, be set to " 0 ".
The factor to be accessed is the 0-1 variable, means the little base station of access when user to be accessed can adopt corresponding trunk channel combination, if the access factor is " 1 ", means that the active user can select this little base station of trunk channel combination access.If the access factor is " 0 ", mean that the active user can not select this little base station of trunk channel combination access.
Whether it is user assignment trunk channel combination to be accessed that the present invention adopts D2D relaying and channel co-allocation mode, according to user to be accessed, be assigned with and obtain the trunk channel combination, selects user's to be accessed cut-in method.By interference, limit, at Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio that guarantees the macrocellular user, SINR) further limit transmitting power under condition, and the access power when access power when considering single user to be accessed and accessing little base station and all users to be accessed access little base station and, under the prerequisite that guarantees user communication quality, reduce transmitting power, reduce the power consumption of heterogeneous network.
Transmitting power when described user to be accessed adopts the combination of different trunk channels is according to formula:
Calculate,
mean transmitting power when user m to be accessed adopts the little base station of channel access of cellulor user n multiplexing macrocellular user k, N
0for the noise power of described heterogeneous network, P
kthe transmitting power of macrocellular user k, γ
dththe letter drying that means user to be accessed compares thresholding; H
mnfor the channel gain of user m to be accessed to cellulor user n.The transmitting power P of macrocellular user k
kcan obtain by macrocellular user's communications status.
Transmitting power and corresponding Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio thresholding when the interference in described step S2 adopts the little base station of corresponding trunk channel combination access according to user to be accessed calculate respectively.
Jamming margin in described step S2 calculates respectively according to each grand honeybee user's transmitting power and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio thresholding.
The outer user to be accessed of the medium and small cellular coverage of user access method under macrocellular provided by the invention and cellulor heterogeneous network can guarantee to access little base station by the D2D repeater mode under the SINR condition, improve the service range of cellulor network under the condition that does not increase little base station deployment quantity, the also load between effective Horizon weighing apparatus macrocellular network and cellulor network simultaneously, and improved spectrum efficiency by the D2D relaying technique of channeling.In addition, adopt interference-limited and Power Limitation, under the prerequisite that guarantees user communication quality, the power consumption minimum while making all users to be accessed access heterogeneous network, effectively reduce the power consumption of heterogeneous network.
The accompanying drawing explanation
User's to be accessed three kinds of access module schematic diagrames in Fig. 1 the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, the subscriber access mode in macrocellular and cellulor heterogeneous network is selected flow chart;
Fig. 3 is D2D relaying and channel co-allocation flow chart in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the average access power cumulative distribution of user to be accessed function in an embodiment provided by the invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The technology scene of the user access method under the macrocellular of the present embodiment and cellulor heterogeneous network is as follows: the macro cells radius R
mB=500m, the cellulor covering radius is R
sB=100m; Be deployed with 9 macrocellular users in a macrocellular, 4 nonoverlapping cellulors, each cellulor respectively has 4 cellulor users, and 5 users to be accessed are outside the cellulor coverage; Total number of users to be accessed is M=5,, the cellulor total number of users is N=20, the macrocellular total number of users is K=9, macrocellular user and phone user SINR thresholding γ to be accessed
cth, γ
dthbe 15dB, maximum power P
max=23dB, user bandwidth is 1MHz; Noise power is-174dBm/Hz; The path loss of cellular communication link is 128.1+37.6log
10d(unit is dB), wherein d is distance (unit is km) between receiving terminal and transmitting terminal, the average of shadow fading is 0, variance is 10dB;
The present embodiment definition trunk channel is combined as in the D2D repeater mode as the cellulor user of relaying and the macrocellular user's of channel combination is provided, if trunk channel is combined as cellulor user n macrocellular user k, mean the channel that the active user adopts cellulor user n to be relaying multiplexing macrocellular user k.
Can in the user access method of the present embodiment, adopt factor representation to be accessed user to be accessed obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network, the factor to be accessed be the 0-1 variable, with ρ, means.
mean that user m to be accessed obtains trunk channel and is combined as cellulor user n and macrocellular user k, and adopt this trunk channel combination can make the total power consumption of heterogeneous network minimum, if
contrary, wherein, 1≤n≤N, 1≤k≤K.
In user access method under the macrocellular of the present embodiment and cellulor heterogeneous network in user access method the user there are 3 kinds of access modules, as shown in Figure 1, be respectively cellulor pattern, macrocellular pattern and D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed obtains the position of self, and select access module according to position, as shown in Figure 2, specifically comprise the following steps: S101: obtain macro base station that user m to be accessed receives and the signal strength signal intensity of little base station, be designated as respectively S
mB, S
sB;
S102: according to S
mBand S
sB, judge that user m to be accessed whether in the cellulor coverage, selects access module:
(a) if S
mB≤ S
sB, judging that user m to be accessed, in the cellulor coverage, selects the cellulor pattern, user m to be accessed directly accesses little base station;
(b) otherwise, judge that user m to be accessed is not in the cellulor coverage, further judge whether the access factor of user m to be accessed is 0:
(b1) if the factor to be accessed is 0, select the macrocellular pattern, user m to be accessed directly accesses macro base station;
(b2) if the factor to be accessed is 1, select the D2D pattern, user m to be accessed adopts the trunk channel combination that the factor to be accessed is " 1 ", with the corresponding cellulor user as relaying, sets up the D2D link, forward the data to little base station by relaying, by the D2D relaying, access little base station.
The factor to be accessed is determined by D2D relaying and channel co-allocation, as shown in Figure 3, is comprised the following steps:
S201, obtain between all macrocellular users and macro base station, all phone users to be accessed and macro base station, and all macrocellular users and all cellulor users, all phone users to be accessed and all cellulor users, cellulor user and the channel condition information between little base station under it;
S202, by the channel condition information between user to be accessed and macro base station, obtain and treat that each user to be accessed is to the channel gain of macro base station, noise power and cellular link SINR thresholding, and according to formula:
Calculate respectively all users to be accessed and directly access the required transmitting power of macro base station, and form one dimension M * 1 power matrix P
mB; P
mmean user m access macro base station power demand to be accessed, H
mBfor user m to be accessed increases to the channel of macro base station, N
0, γ
cthmean respectively noise power and cellular link SINR thresholding;
S203, according to the channel condition information of all macrocellular users and macro base station, obtain all users' of the macrocellular in communications status transmitting power;
S204, according to formula:
Calculate all macrocellular users' jamming margin, and form the macrocellular user's of K * 1 dimension jamming margin matrix I
th; I
kfor k element in the jamming margin matrix, mean the jamming margin of macrocellular user k, wherein H
kBfor the channel gain of macrocellular user k to macro base station; P
ktransmitting power for macrocellular user k.
S205, according to formula:
Needed access power when calculating respectively user to be accessed and adopting the combination of different trunk channels,
mean the channel of the multiplexing macrocellular user of user m to be accessed k and take the access power of cellulor user n during as relaying, P
ntransmitting power for little base station under cellulor user n access, obtain in the communicate status information according to all cellulor user n and affiliated little base station,
mean the channel of the multiplexing macrocellular user of user m to be accessed k and take the transmitting power of cellulor user n during as relaying, according to formula:
Calculate γ
dthsINR thresholding for the D2D relaying; H
kn, H
mnmean respectively the channel gain between macrocellular, phone user to be accessed and cellulor user n;
Traversal m, n, k, obtain the access power of all users to be accessed when all trunk channel combinations, forms three-dimensional M * N * K initial access power matrix P
0;
S206, according to initial access power matrix P
0, utilize formula:
Calculate user to be accessed to three-dimensional M * N of macrocellular user * K interference matrix I,
mean the channel of the multiplexing macrocellular user of user m to be accessed k and take cellulor user n during as relaying to the interference of macrocellular user k;
S207, one of initialization and initial access power matrix P
0isostructural three-dimensional M * N * K full 0 factor matrix ρ to be accessed
0, factor matrix ρ to be accessed
0in element
mean the channel of the multiplexing macrocellular user of user m to be accessed k and take the access factor of cellulor user n during as relaying;
S208, contrast interference matrix I and jamming margin matrix I
th, for any k, n, m, if
?
otherwise
p wherein
maxfor the high transmit power of default phone user, P in the present embodiment
max=23dB; Obtain access power matrix P
1;
S209, to access power matrix P
1retrieved, find the access power combination of the access power sum minimum that makes all users to be accessed, the element in this access power combination is:
m=1,2 ... M, guarantee that each user to be accessed selects a multiplexing macrocellular subscriber channel of cellulor user, and each cellulor user and each macrocellular user's channel services is in a user to be accessed.All elements during resulting access power is combined is at factor matrix ρ to be accessed
0the element set of middle correspondence position, that is:
m=1,2 ... M, all the other elements are all " 0 ".
S210, respectively each element in access power combination in step S209 and corresponding user to be accessed are directly accessed to the required transmitting power of macro base station and contrasted, compare
with P
m, m=1,2 ... M, if
the corresponding access factor:
otherwise
all the other elements are still " 0 ", remain unchanged.
The principle that said method is realized and the technique effect reached can be:
The present invention provides the third access way for the user under macrocellular cellulor heterogeneous network, and the D2D relaying accesses little base station; By the selection of three kinds of access waies, the user can guarantee to reduce transmitting power under the condition of enjoying certain service quality, and then saves power consumption.The present invention has realized further improving the service range of cellulor network under the condition that does not increase little base station deployment quantity.The invention provides the mode that a kind of new user load by macro base station is transferred to little base station, the load between balance macrocellular network and cellulor network effectively.D2D relaying by channeling can improve the availability of frequency spectrum, thereby improves spectrum efficiency.
Under the average access power that Fig. 4 is M user to be accessed in the present embodiment and full peak snap formula, relatively, wherein the individual user to be accessed of full macrocellular modal representation M directly accesses macro base station to the cumulative distribution function of M user's to be accessed average power.Can find out, and allow all users to be accessed access macro base station to compare, the large cut-in method of the present embodiment has reduced user's access power effectively.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the user access method under a macrocellular and cellulor heterogeneous network, it is characterized in that, in described user access method, the user has 3 kinds of access modules, be respectively cellulor pattern, macrocellular pattern and D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed obtains the position of self, and select access module according to position: if (a) user to be accessed is in the cellulor coverage, select the cellulor pattern, user to be accessed directly accesses little base station;
(b) if can user to be accessed, outside the cellulor coverage, obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network to select access module according to user to be accessed:
(b1) if user to be accessed can access the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network, select the D2D repeater mode, user to be accessed accesses little base station by the D2D relaying;
(b2) otherwise, select the macrocellular pattern, user to be accessed directly accesses macro base station.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described D2D repeater mode comprises:
(1) in the channel relaying combination that the multiplexing total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network is minimum, corresponding macrocellular user's channel, set up the D2D link with corresponding cellulor user;
(2) user's to be accessed data by corresponding cellulor user be relay forwarding to little base station, make user to be accessed be linked into little base station;
Described trunk channel is combined as in the D2D repeater mode as the cellulor user of relaying and the macrocellular user's of channel combination is provided.
3. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 2 and cellulor heterogeneous network, is characterized in that, user's to be accessed position is judged according to signal strength signal intensity:
If the station signal strength signal intensity of the grand base that user to be accessed receives is greater than the signal strength signal intensity of little base station, judge that user to be accessed is outside the cellulor coverage;
Otherwise, judge that user to be accessed is in the cellulor coverage.
4. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 3 and cellulor heterogeneous network, it is characterized in that, can described user to be accessed obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network to adopt factor representation to be accessed, and the described factor to be accessed is the 0-1 variable:
If the factor to be accessed is " 1 ", mean that user to be accessed can access the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption that makes heterogeneous network;
If the factor to be accessed is " 0 ", mean that user to be accessed can not obtain making the minimum channel relaying combination of total power consumption of heterogeneous network.
5. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 4 and cellulor heterogeneous network, is characterized in that, the factor to be accessed is determined according to D2D relaying and channel co-allocation mode, being comprised:
S1: calculate respectively the access power that accesses little base station when current user to be accessed adopts different trunk channel combination, described access power is that current user to be accessed adopts trunk channel to combine transmitting power required while accessing little base station and the corresponding user's of the cellulor as relaying transmitting power sum;
S2: when more current user to be accessed adopts the combination of different trunk channels respectively to the macrocellular user's of corresponding multipling channel interference and this macrocellular user's jamming margin;
Some disturbing is greater than jamming margin, and the access power when upgrading current user to be accessed and adopting the combination of corresponding trunk channel is default maximum transmission power;
Otherwise corresponding access power remains unchanged;
S3: circulation step S1～S2, obtain the access power of all users to be accessed when adopting different trunk channel combination, searching makes the trunk channel combination of all users' to be accessed access power sum minimum, and respectively lower each user's to be accessed of corresponding trunk channel combination the factor to be accessed is set to " 1 ", lower each user's to be accessed of other trunk channel combinations the factor to be accessed is set to " 0 ";
S4: the factor more to be accessed required transmitting power when the access power when the corresponding trunk channel combination and corresponding user to be accessed directly access macrocellular for the user to be accessed of " 1 " respectively, if access power is less than transmitting power, the corresponding user's to be accessed factor to be accessed remains " 1 ", otherwise, be set to " 0 ".
6. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 5 and cellulor heterogeneous network, is characterized in that, transmitting power when described user to be accessed adopts the combination of different trunk channels is according to formula:
Calculate,
mean transmitting power when user m to be accessed adopts the little base station of channel access of cellulor user n multiplexing macrocellular user k, N
0for the noise power of described heterogeneous network, P
kthe transmitting power of macrocellular user k, γ
dththe letter drying that means user to be accessed compares thresholding; H
mnfor the channel gain of user m to be accessed to cellulor user n.
7. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 6 and cellulor heterogeneous network, it is characterized in that, transmitting power and corresponding Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio thresholding when the interference in described step S2 adopts the little base station of corresponding trunk channel combination access according to user to be accessed calculate respectively.
8. the user access method under macrocellular as claimed in claim 7 and cellulor heterogeneous network, is characterized in that, the jamming margin in described step S2 calculates respectively according to grand honeybee user's transmitting power and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio thresholding.
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