CN103438437B - A kind of adherent wind system of Opposite Firing Boiler - Google Patents

A kind of adherent wind system of Opposite Firing Boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103438437B
CN103438437B CN201310324904.5A CN201310324904A CN103438437B CN 103438437 B CN103438437 B CN 103438437B CN 201310324904 A CN201310324904 A CN 201310324904A CN 103438437 B CN103438437 B CN 103438437B
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adherent wind
air
wall
water
adherent
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CN103438437A (en
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刘建民
黄启龙
戴维葆
陈国庆
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Guodian Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Guodian Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The adherent wind system of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler provided by the invention, comprise the confession air source apparatus and adherent wind nozzle that are connected successively by adherent wind air channel, described adherent wind nozzle is located at the front wall of face-fired boiler and the edge of rear wall; Comprise primary air fan, the air preheater of high-pressure air source and series connection for air source apparatus, described air preheater and high-pressure air source are arranged in parallel; Described adherent wind nozzle comprises the housing and a pair straightener(stator) blade that are flexibly connected by turning cylinder.This adherent wind system structure is simple, enforcement is convenient, by adherent wind system being arranged at the edge of front wall and rear wall, adherent wind can be made to be parallel to the flowing of sidewall water-cooling wall, by adopting high-pressure air source and specific nozzle, adherent wind penetration depth can be ensured, prevent erosive wear water-cooling wall, thus effectively prevent the problem of water-cooling wall coking and high temperature corrosion.

Description

A kind of adherent wind system of Opposite Firing Boiler
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam power plant field, relate to a kind of adherent wind system that effectively can prevent the coking of Opposite Firing Boiler water-cooling wall and high temperature corrosion.
Background technology
Opposite Firing Boiler, because of the advantage of its combustion apparatus and heating surface layout aspect, has become one of combustion apparatus that domestic overcritical and ultra-supercritical boiler mainly adopts, has been widely used at home in in-service fired power generating unit.In order to realize efficient, economy, environmental protection runs, and such type of furnace adopts the mode control NO of Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal usually xdischarge.So-called Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal is exactly that burner hearth is sent in the classification of fuel combustion required air.Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal boiler generally includes primary zone, reducing zone and burning-out zone three part.In primary zone, i.e. burner region, feed 70 ~ 90% of fuel combustion Air Quantity Required, fuel burns under anoxic conditions, not only can control thermal NO xgeneration, can also reduce part of fuel type NO x; Be the reducing zone that oxygen concentration is extremely low between primary zone and burning-out zone, the NO that primary zone generates xat this section by CxHy, CO, coal tar and H 2n is reduced to Deng reducing substances 2; At the burning-out zone apart from top layer burner top certain distance, feed the remaining air needed for complete combustion of fuel, the unburnt coke in primary zone and gas component are burnt completely under this region excess oxygen.NO can be made by Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal xdischarge reduction by 30% ~ 50%.
But, although the formation of strong reducing zone can reduce NO in stove xdischarge, but serve the problem of row also to the safe operation band of boiler.First, containing a large amount of severe corrosive gas in the gas of reducing zone, as H 2s, SO 2deng; These gases very easily destroy the iron oxide diaphragm on water-cooling wall surface under certain condition, thus cause water-cooling wall to occur serious sulfate and sulfide type high temperature corrosion.Secondly, along with furnace atmosphere reproducibility strengthens, the ash fusion point of coal will significantly reduce, and this not only can cause this region water-cooling wall Serious Slagging, but also can accelerate the high temperature corrosion of heating surface.In addition, along with NO xthe raising day by day of emission request, power plant is in order to reduce NO further xdischarge capacity, constantly strengthens the degree of air classification, reduces primary zone and reducing zone oxygen amount, strengthens the ratio of burnout degree, this way make water-cooling wall slagging scorification and High Temperature Corrosion more outstanding.How to ensure the low NO of Opposite Firing Boiler xwhile discharge, guarantee that high temperature corrosion and slagging scorification do not occur furnace wall cooling, become such boiler problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, for opposed firing boiler water-cooling wall high-temperature corrosion and clogging problems, some measures and methods solved are there is.Wherein, aerodynamic field in rationalization's burner hearth, increasing water-cooling wall region oxygen amount, is solve opposed firing boiler water wall slagging scorification and the most economical mode of High Temperature Corrosion.But, research finds, because the burner of Opposite Firing Boiler and fire air nozzle are arranged on the forward and backward wall of burner hearth, both walls is not all arranged any air supply device, optimizing and revising by Furnace Aerodynamic Field, the slagging scorification of front-back wall water-cooling wall and High Temperature Corrosion can only be solved, be difficult to solve both walls water-cooling wall slagging scorification and High Temperature Corrosion.
In order to solve side water wall high temperature corrosion and clogging problems, domestic and international colleges and universities, DianKeYuan and boiler producer it is also proposed many measures.Chinese patent 200520020312.5 discloses a kind of boiler plant preventing the burner wall-of water wall high temperature corrosion and slagging scorification from arranging, point out boiler primary zone side water wall fin to take off and form gap spout, from then on part Secondary Air is sprayed in burner hearth, thus realize to the anticlogging object of side water wall region oxygenating, but owing to not arranging adherent wind passage in gap, Secondary Air directly sprays into burner hearth through gap perpendicular to water-cooling wall, can not form adherent air curtain.In addition, this gap is only arranged in primary zone, cannot suppress high temperature corrosion and the clogging problems of reducing zone between the superiors' burner and fire air nozzle.In addition, take off the gap size too small (general 6 ~ 7mm) that fin is formed, resistance is large, sprays into the air-flow poor rigidity of burner hearth, is also very easily entrainmented by primary air, is difficult to form stable adherent wind.
Flow along wall to make the air-flow sprayed in burner hearth, Chinese patent 200810044352.1 discloses a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler burner hearth and on side wall, arranges the method for air nozzle, part Secondary Air is proposed to send into burner hearth by being arranged in smooth-bore tip in the contour stealth on side wall, thus realize while the oxygenating of burner hearth center, form the adherent wind pasting wall flow.But because eddy flow spout resistance is large, when air quantity is less, eddy flow effect is poor, and the swirling eddy sprayed in stove is very easily entrainmented by by air-flow, causes wall area oxygenating not enough, the problem of side wall high temperature corrosion and slagging scorification can not be solved.When air quantity is larger, although swirl strength can strengthen, too early by a large amount of oxygen supply in burner hearth, destroy the original intention of Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal, be unfavorable for reducing NO xdischarge capacity.
Chinese patent 201210577062.X discloses a kind of adherent wind segmentation and sends into furnace binding, Chinese patent 201210373292.4 discloses the adherent wind adding set of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler side wall, all propose by installing baffle plate and nozzle inside side water wall, thus make Secondary Air form stable adherent wind along water-cooling wall flowing.Though this mode can solve the problem of adherent wind along water-cooling wall PARALLEL FLOW, but inside water-cooling wall, install inner member can bring impact to safe operation of the boiler.In addition, adopt baffle plate directly to be stopped by Secondary Air and flow to water-cooling wall, the wearing and tearing of water-cooling wall can be caused.
Comprehensive above analyzing, for the solution of Opposite Firing Boiler water wall high temperature corrosion and clogging problems, mainly there is the problem of following several respects in prior art:
(1) adherent wind rigidity is not enough
The adherent wind used in prior art is most using Secondary Air as wind regime, and in station boiler, Secondary Air blast is lower, directly sprays into burner hearth as adherent wind, because pressure is low, rigidity is not enough, primary zone can be mixed into early, destroy reducing zone atmosphere, be unfavorable for that fractional combustion reduces NO x; In addition, the rigidity deficiency of air-flow also can cause adherent wind namely to depart from water-cooling wall in the distance that distance spout is extremely short, thus affects the effective coverage range of adherent wind.
(2) adherent wind erosive wear water-cooling wall
In the adherent wind arrangement that prior art adopts, or the distance between adherent wind and water-cooling wall is too near, otherwise by baffle plate directly by adherent windage baffle to water-cooling wall, adherent wind can be caused thus directly to wash away water-cooling wall.Owing to leaking containing flue gas the flying dust of coming in Secondary Air, directly washing away water-cooling wall can cause waterwall tube cracking, causes booster, affects safe operation of the boiler.
(3) inner member serious wear and affect boiler operatiopn
Water-cooling wall flowing is parallel in order to make the adherent wind sprayed in stove, what prior art adopted installs guiding device inside side water wall, although this kind of mode can ensure the adherent flowing of adherent wind, but because inner member protrudes water-cooling wall, not only make its serious wear, but also cause this position easily to hang close-burning slag, affect safe operation of the boiler.
In sum, for Opposite Firing Boiler water wall high temperature corrosion and clogging problems, more existing solutions and method all have some limitations, and cannot fundamentally solve this problem in application process.How to ensure under the reducibility gas condition in the adherent flue gas of elimination water-cooling wall, reduce adherent wind air quantity as much as possible, do not affect the burning at burner hearth center, do not destroy the reducing atmosphere at burner hearth center, not erosive wear water-cooling wall surface, be solve opposed firing boiler water wall slagging scorification and high temperature corrosion, realize low NO xthe basic principle of discharge.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of adherent wind system that effectively can prevent the coking of Opposite Firing Boiler water-cooling wall and high temperature corrosion.
Technical scheme: the adherent wind system of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler provided by the invention, comprise the air source apparatus (2) and adherent wind nozzle (51) that are connected successively by adherent wind air channel (52), described adherent wind nozzle (51) is located at the front wall (11) of face-fired boiler and the edge of rear wall (12).
The adherent wind of Opposite Firing Boiler is arranged on front wall and rear wall, can ensure that under burner hearth inside does not add the prerequisite of inner member, realize adherent wind is parallel to side water wall flowing, thus efficiently solve adherent wind and be arranged in the problem that side wall air-flow is difficult to be parallel to water-cooling wall flowing, effectively can increase the nearly surperficial oxygen concentration of water-cooling wall, weaken the destruction to burner hearth center reducing atmosphere, greatly reduce the risk of water-cooling wall coking and high temperature corrosion.
As improvement, described air source apparatus (2) comprises primary air fan (23), the air preheater (21) of high-pressure air source (22) and series connection, and described air preheater (21) and high-pressure air source (22) are arranged in parallel; According to service condition and go out wind pressure, the wind regime of adherent wind system 5 has multiple choices: the heat primary air of air preheater 21, or the air-out of high-pressure air source 22, or the mixing of the air-out of the heat primary air of air preheater 21 and high-pressure air source 22; Thus guarantee that adherent wind snout air-flow has larger rigidity, ensure its penetration depth along water-cooling wall, realize the object covering region large as far as possible with a small amount of wind.In addition, adopt heat primary air as adherent wind regime, air preheater outlet exhaust gas temperature can be reduced, improve boiler efficiency.
Improve as another kind, described adherent wind nozzle (51) comprises the housing (511) and a pair straightener(stator) blade (512) that are flexibly connected by turning cylinder (513); Adopt the adherent wind nozzle with adjustable straightener(stator) blade, by regulating the pivot angle of adherent wind nozzle interior straightener(stator) blade, the width in jet expansion gap can be changed, realize to adherent wind along water-cooling wall penetration depth and and the adjustment of spacing of water-cooling wall, thus effectively solve adherent wind and wash away water-cooling wall and the limited problem of penetration depth.
Improve as another kind, described straightener(stator) blade (512) is 50-100mm apart from housing (511) distance from bottom; Such structure can ensure top seal on the one hand, leaves enough spaces on the other hand, thus flying dust can be made to discharge with air-flow, in case flying dust blocking blades bottom it.
Improve as another kind, described adherent wind air channel (52) is provided with flow measurement device and control valve.
Improve as another kind, also comprise one group of O 2/ CO apparatus for measuring concentration (8), O 2/ CO apparatus for measuring concentration (8) is located at the middle part in left side wall (13) and the middle part of right-side wall (14).
Beneficial effect: the adherent wind system structure of Opposite Firing Boiler provided by the invention is simple, enforcement is convenient, by adherent wind system being arranged at the edge of front wall and rear wall, adherent wind can be made to be parallel to the flowing of sidewall water-cooling wall, by adopting high-pressure air source and specific nozzle, adherent wind penetration depth can be ensured, prevent erosive wear water-cooling wall, thus the problem of effectively prevention water-cooling wall coking and high temperature corrosion.
Specifically, the present invention, relative to prior art, has following outstanding advantage:
(1) the present invention adopts first and is arranged on front wall and rear wall by the adherent wind of Opposite Firing Boiler, can ensure that under burner hearth inside does not add the prerequisite of inner member, realize adherent wind is parallel to side water wall flowing, thus efficiently solve adherent wind and be arranged in side wall parallel current in the problem of water-cooling wall Flowing Hard.
(2) the present invention proposes to adopt air preheater outlet heat primary air and pressure-air as the source of the gas of the adherent wind of Opposite Firing Boiler first, add the rigidity of adherent wind, improve its penetration depth along water-cooling wall, thus achieve the object covering region large as far as possible with a small amount of wind.In addition, adopt heat primary air as adherent wind regime, air preheater outlet exhaust gas temperature can be reduced, improve boiler efficiency.
(3) the present invention propose first adopt with adjustable straightener(stator) blade the adherent wind penetration depth of adherent wind cut-out governing and and water-cooling wall between distance, by regulating the pivot angle of adherent wind nozzle interior straightener(stator) blade, the width in jet expansion gap can be changed, realize to adherent wind along water-cooling wall penetration depth and and the adjustment of spacing of water-cooling wall, thus effectively solve adherent wind and wash away water-cooling wall and the limited problem of penetration depth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Opposite Firing Boiler;
Fig. 2 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of Opposite Firing Boiler;
Fig. 3 is the horizontal cross-section structural representation of Opposite Firing Boiler;
Fig. 4 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of adherent wind nozzle;
Fig. 5 is the horizontal cross-section structure chart of adherent wind nozzle;
Fig. 6 is a kind of mounting means schematic diagram of adherent wind nozzle;
Fig. 7 is the another kind of mounting means schematic diagram of adherent wind nozzle.
Detailed description of the invention
Make below in conjunction with the adherent wind system of accompanying drawing to Opposite Firing Boiler of the present invention and further illustrating.
Opposite Firing Boiler, comprises adherent wind system 5 of the present invention, sees Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, comprises burner hearth 1, secondary air system 3, burnout degree system 4, the adherent wind system 5 comprising air source apparatus 2, burner 6, furnace hopper 7, CO/O 2measurement mechanism 8.
Secondary air system 3, burnout degree system 4, adherent wind system 5 are all connected with air source apparatus 2; Burner 6 is located in secondary air system 3, often row 4-6; Furnace hopper 7 is located at bottom burner hearth 1.The middle part of wall 13, left side and the middle part of right-side wall 14 are equipped with one group of O 2/ CO apparatus for measuring concentration 8.
Burner hearth 1 comprises front wall 11, rear wall 12, left side wall 13 and right-side wall 14; The front wall 11 of burner hearth 1, rear wall 12, left side wall 13 and right-side wall 14 form by close-connected water screen tube 15 and the fin 16 be located on water screen tube.
Front wall 11 and the lower outside of rear wall 12 of burner hearth 1 are provided with and the secondary air system 3 be communicated with in burner hearth 1 relatively; Secondary air system 3 comprises the secondary air register 31 and secondary air chamber 32 that connect successively.In the present invention, the quantity of secondary air chamber 32 is 3, and alternatively, its quantity also can rationally be arranged as required, preferably 1 to 5.
The front wall 11 of burner hearth 1 is relative with the top of rear wall 12 is provided with burnout degree system 4, and keeps at a certain distance away with secondary air system 3 and arrange; Burnout degree system 4 comprises fire air nozzle 43 and the burnout degree air door 41 connected successively and burnout degree air compartment 42, and fire air nozzle 43 is located in burnout degree air compartment 42.
The front wall 11 of burner hearth 1 is relative with Hou Qiang 12 edge is provided with adherent wind system 5; Adherent wind system 5, is shown in Fig. 4 to 5, and comprise the air source apparatus 2 and adherent wind nozzle 51 that are connected by adherent wind air channel 52, adherent wind air channel 52 is provided with flow measurement device and control valve; Adherent wind nozzle 51 comprises the housing 511 and a pair straightener(stator) blade 512 that are flexibly connected by turning cylinder 513; Straightener(stator) blade 512 is 75mm apart from housing 511 distance from bottom, and alternatively, its distance also can rationally be arranged as required, preferred 50-100mm.
Air source apparatus 2 can be only air preheater 21, also can comprise air preheater 21 in parallel and high-pressure air source 22; Heat primary air is connected with pressure-air source of the gas, effectively can solve the adherent wind reduced stiffness that heat primary air air quantity or insufficient pressure cause, and affects adherent wind along the limited problem of water-cooling wall penetration depth.
Adherent wind nozzle 51 has multiple feasible mode with the arrangement on rear wall 12 according to the set-up mode of water screen tube 15 is different at front wall 11, provides two kinds of typical modes below:
One, is shown in Fig. 6, and when water screen tube is arranged vertically, the arrangement on the water-cooling wall that adherent wind nozzle 51 is formed at water screen tube 15 is taken off by the fin 16 vertical with rear wall 12 with front wall 11, and then left and right sides post-tensioning, forms square cavity, then put into by spout.The height of adherent wind nozzle 51 can be identical with the height of secondary air chamber 32, burnout degree air compartment 42.
Its two, see Fig. 7, during water screen tube screw arrangement, on the water-cooling wall that adherent wind nozzle 51 is formed at water screen tube 15, arrangement is taken off by the fin 16 of front wall 11 and rear wall 12, and then upper and lower sides post-tensioning, puts into spout.Adherent wind nozzle 51 is highly less, the limited area that adherent wind covers, in order to make up this shortcoming, at secondary air chamber 32, burnout degree air compartment 42 along short transverse being arranged multiple nozzle, in secondary air chamber 32, burnout degree air compartment 42, the quantity of adherent wind nozzle 51 can be determined according to the distribution characteristics of water-cooling wall wall area atmosphere.
During use, air preheater 21 is provided with heat primary air outlet, the outlet of hot Secondary Air, and the Secondary Air of hot Secondary Air outlet passes into secondary air system 3 and burnout degree system 4, sprays into burner hearth; Heat primary air is divided into two parts, and a part passes into coal pulverizer drying, carry coal dust enters burner, and another part, as one of adherent wind wind regime, by adherent wind air channel, enters adherent wind nozzle.According to service condition and go out wind pressure, the wind regime of adherent wind system 5 has multiple choices: the heat primary air that air preheater 21 exports, or the pressure-air of high-pressure air source 22, or the mixing of the pressure-air of the heat primary air of air preheater 21 and high-pressure air source 22; By the Valve controlling flow on each pipeline, secondary air system 3 is in formation primary zone, burner hearth 1 bottom, and fuel burns under anoxic conditions, not only can control thermal NO xgeneration, can also reduce part of fuel type NO x; Combustion product rises in the reducing zone of formation between secondary air system 3 and burnout degree system 4, the NO that primary zone generates xat this section by C xh y, CO, coal tar and H 2n is reduced to Deng reducing substances 2; Product rises in the burning-out zone of burnout degree system 4 formation, and feed the remaining air needed for complete combustion of fuel, the unburnt coke in primary zone and gas component are burnt completely under this region excess oxygen.Adherent wind system 5 is equipped with, according to CO and O in primary zone, reducing zone, burning-out zone 2the value that flow measurement device records, adjusts the flow of the adherent wind of adherent wind nozzle 51, prevention Opposite Firing Boiler water-cooling wall coking and high temperature corrosion.

Claims (4)

1. the adherent wind apparatus of an Opposite Firing Boiler, it is characterized in that: described adherent wind system (5) comprises the air source apparatus (2) and adherent wind nozzle (51) that are connected successively by adherent wind air channel (52), described adherent wind nozzle (51) is located at the front wall (11) of face-fired boiler and the edge of rear wall (12); Described air source apparatus (2) comprises primary air fan (23), the air preheater (21) of high-pressure air source (22) and series connection, and described air preheater (21) and high-pressure air source (22) are arranged in parallel; Described adherent wind nozzle (51) comprises the housing (511) and a pair straightener(stator) blade (512) that are flexibly connected by turning cylinder (513).
2. the adherent wind apparatus of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described straightener(stator) blade (512) is 50-100mm apart from housing (511) distance from bottom.
3. the adherent wind apparatus of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described adherent wind air channel (52) is provided with flow measurement device and control valve.
4. the adherent wind apparatus of a kind of Opposite Firing Boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise one group of O 2/ CO apparatus for measuring concentration (8), O 2/ CO apparatus for measuring concentration (8) is located at the middle part of the left side wall (13) of Opposite Firing Boiler and the middle part of right-side wall (14).
CN201310324904.5A 2013-07-30 2013-07-30 A kind of adherent wind system of Opposite Firing Boiler Active CN103438437B (en)

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