A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method of low-carbon (LC)
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, relate to a kind of mixed cultivation method of aquatic products, be specifically related to the mixed cultivation method of a kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish of low-carbon environment-friendly.
Background technology
In the culture fishery high speed development, aquaculture model by single variety cultivate half intensive, again to the high density intensivization development.Along with the raising of intensive level, the increasing of aquiculture animal cultivation density, cause its residual bait and the metabolite of ingesting significantly to increase, thereby the detergent power that surpasses water body itself, thus, once generation change of water quality, ingesting, growing of cultivated animals all will be had a strong impact on, and even cause poisoning, disease and generation death.The problems such as the control and prevention of disease brought because of intensive high-density breeding in addition,, food security and environmental pollution also become increasingly conspicuous.Owing to pursuing high yield year after year, breeding density is large, and blowdown lacks control, causes the Its Adjacent Waters eutrophication, the heavy damage breeding environment.
In recent years, culture fishery more and more receives people's concern on the impact of surrounding environment.Research shows, aquaculture is sizable to the pollution of self water body and contiguous water body.In view of the negative effect of culture fishery to surrounding environment, make people when considering its economic benefit, start to pay attention to ecology and social benefit, how to reduce the discharge capacity of refuse in the fish shrimp crab breeding process and contaminated environment repaired, become the culture fishery sustainable health development in the urgent need to.
Due to the fast development of culture fishery, for the exploration of aquaculture model and research, be emphasis and the focus of countries in the world research always.China raises together with technical research and starts from first the freshwater cultivation, can improve to a certain extent cultured output, subtract dirty diseases prevention.Aspect mariculture, raise together with the shrimp shellfish that technical research starts from the sixties in last century and raise together with.In recent years, trial energetically along with national relevant policies and scientific research institutions, carry out large quantity research in each side such as fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, algaes, having groped fish, crab, shrimp raises together with, crab, fish are raised together with, and fish, soft-shelled turtle are raised together with, and fish, shrimp, soft-shelled turtle are raised together with, fish, freshwater mussel, shrimp such as raise together with at several comparatively typical modules, and have obtained good effect.Aspect the Phytoplankton & Suspension cultivation, due to fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, prawn and mud crab to seawater salinity, temperature require closely, aspect ecological, complementation, mutual benefit are arranged, there is the basis of raising together with.Carry out floating raft type folder seedling cultivation river hedge in prawn, the blue crab cultivation pool, buoyant raft plays at the water surface effect of shading, and can avoid heat for prawn, and the organic matter that fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts can absorb again in water body simultaneously reduces water pollution.In general, by reasonably combined, by fish, shrimp, shellfish and together with macro is raised together with, not only can increase economic efficiency, can also solve the environmental problem that the single variety cultivation brings.
21 century, China will face larger population pressure and reduce greenhouse gas emission pressure, and the long-term sustainable development of culture fishery will be played vital effect for the food security problem that solves 1,600,000,000 populations and the development of low-carbon economy.At present, brainstrust has been fully recognized that the high-efficiency low-carbon aquaculture model is the only way of China's culture fishery development.How to build the high-efficiency low-carbon aquaculture model and become one of hot issue of fishery low-carbon technology research.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of low-carbon (LC) fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method, can reduce the discharge of breeding wastewater, reduce the unit aquaculture cost, the feed that reduces the unit cultured product consumes, and improves the whole economic efficiency of cultivation.
The present invention achieves the above object by following scheme:
The fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method of a kind of low-carbon (LC) disclosed by the invention, comprise Corbicula fluminea seedling, Penaeus Vannmei seedling, Tilapia mossambica seedling are thrown in order, after throwing in 5-7 days, the Corbicula fluminea seedling throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling, threw in again the Tilapia mossambica seedling after 7-10 days, after throwing in the Corbicula fluminea seedling every day Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed of throwing something and feeding.
In a preferred embodiment, a kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method of low-carbon (LC), be included in input Corbicula fluminea seedling and carry out disinfection and rich water before, then throws in the Corbicula fluminea seedling, and density is 100 kilograms/667m
2, after throwing in 5-7 days, input Corbicula fluminea seedling throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling, and it is 20,000-30,000 tails/667m that the Penaeus Vannmei seedling of 0.8-1.0 centimetre is thrown in density
2, threw in again the Tilapia mossambica seedling after 7-10 days, it is 2000-2500 tail/667m that the Tilapia mossambica seedling of 2-3 centimetre is thrown in density
2, after throwing in the Corbicula fluminea seedling every day Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed of throwing something and feeding, the 3%-5% that feeding volume is fish body weight by weight percentage.
In another preferred embodiment, a kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method of low-carbon (LC), comprise the steps:
(1) sterilization and rich water: at first pond is carried out disinfection, water inlet after toxicity disappears, applied fertilizer after water inlet, and Application Ratio is N:P=1:0.3;
(2) throw seedling: when water body is yellow green or oyster, throw in the Corbicula fluminea seedling in the time of depth of water 70-100 centimetre, throwing in density is 100 kilograms/667m
2, throw in again the Penaeus Vannmei seedling after 5-7 days, it is 20,000-30,000 tails/667m that the Penaeus Vannmei seedling of 0.8-1.0 centimetre is thrown in density
2, threw in again the Tilapia mossambica seedling after 7-10 days, it is 2000-2500 tail/667m that the Tilapia mossambica seedling of 2-3 centimetre is thrown in density
2;
(3) feed: after the Corbicula fluminea seedling of throwing something and feeding every day the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed of throwing something and feeding, the 3%-5% that feeding volume is fish body weight by weight percentage, throw something and feed every day at twice.
Fertilising in above-mentioned steps (1) preferably adopts urea and calcium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, in above polyculture method, within every 15-30 days, use a water conditioner.
The present invention adopts the polyculture method at first throw in the Corbicula fluminea seedling, and Corbicula fluminea can ingest organic debris and algae in water body, play the effect of solid carbon, thereby reduce carbon emission by the growth of shell; In addition, the polyculture method that the present invention adopts only need to be used a kind of feed, i.e. Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, and the availability of feed is high, and the excretas such as nitrogen, phosphorus are low, are conducive to environmental protection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish polyculture method:
(1) preparatory stage: pond depth of water 1.5-2.0 rice, area 3-10 mu, Chi Po, than 1:2.5-1:3.0, is equipped with one/667m of aerator
2;
(2) sterilization and rich water: when the 2-3 month temperature gos up, start with the full pond sterilization of bleaching powder (25kg/hm) liquid, after 7-10 days, toxicity starts water inlet after disappearing, after water inlet, and fertilising every day, the fertilising kind is selected commercially available urea and calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and Application Ratio is N:P=1:0.3;
(3) throw seedling: while putting seedling, keep water colour to be yellow green or oyster, the depth of water is thrown in the Corbicula fluminea seedling in the time of 70-100 centimetre, and the breeding density of Corbicula fluminea seedling is 100 kilograms/667m
2, throw in and throw in Penaeus Vannmei seedling (water temperature roughly is stabilized in more than 20 ℃) in latter 5 days at the Corbicula fluminea seedling, threw in again the Tilapia mossambica seedling after 7 days, wherein the Penaeus Vannmei seedling 20,000 of 0.8-1.0 centimetre-30,000 tails/667m
2, the Tilapia mossambica seed seedling breeding density of 2-3 centimetre is 2000-2500 tail/667m
2;
(4) feed: after the Corbicula fluminea seedling of throwing something and feeding every day the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed of throwing something and feeding, the 3%-5% that feeding volume is fish body weight by weight percentage, throw something and feed every day at twice, and suitably adjust according to weather, water quality and the situation of ingesting, and when rainstorm weather or water quality variation, throws less;
(5) within every 15-30 days, use a water conditioner.
Embodiment 2:
In Doumen District crane Zhou Bei cultivation base, Zhuhai, 3 mouthfuls of ponds, 7 mu/mouthful of areas, throw in the Corbicula fluminea seedling on April 5th, 2012, breeding density is 100 kg/acres, and April 12 was thrown in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling of 0.8-1.0 centimetre, and breeding density is 2500 tails/mu, April 22 was thrown in the Tilapia mossambica seedling of 2-3 centimetre, and density is 20,000 tails/mu.Through the cultivation of one-period, gather in the crops 500 kilograms of Tilapia mossambicas, 200 kilograms of Penaeus Vannmeis, 300 kilograms of Corbicula flumineas for every mu.Mu is increased economic efficiency 3000 yuan, and quantity of exchanged water has reduced more than 30%, has obtained economy and ecological benefits preferably.
The above; it is only preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to replacement or changed according to technical scheme of the present invention and design thereof, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.