CN103430793B - Watermelon hanging cultivation method and cultivation rattan frame thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a watermelon suspension cultivation method and a cultivation vine frame thereof, wherein after planting watermelon seedlings, vine guiding ropes are used for guiding vines which are hung in watermelon fields; when the main vine is 40-50 cm long and the lateral vine is more than 15 cm, pruning is carried out once every 3-5 days, and pruning is stopped after the watermelon vine bears fruits; pinching the watermelon vine, and supporting the watermelon fruit by using the string bag on the vine guiding rope. The cultivation is convenient, each watermelon seedling can be managed, the quality of each watermelon is guaranteed, meanwhile, the watermelon is uniform in illumination and surface color, the watermelon grows under the support of the net bag, and the watermelon is small in ellipticity, so that the watermelon is sold more optimally.

Description

Watermelon hanging cultivation method and cultivation rattan frame thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a watermelon suspension cultivation method and a support structure suitable for the cultivation method.

Background technique

Watermelon is a fruit that people often eat in summer. It has the function of quenching thirst and relieving heat. At present, watermelon cultivation is to let watermelon vines extend everywhere. This cultivation method has the following disadvantages: the vines are entangled with each other, which is not conducive to the management of each watermelon ; Land utilization rate is low; watermelons are unevenly illuminated, and the surface color is different.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to realize a planting method that is convenient for watermelon cultivation and management.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the watermelon suspension cultivation method, after the watermelon seedlings are planted, use the hanging rope to draw the vines in the watermelon field;

When the main vines are 40-50 cm long and the side vines are more than 15 cm long, pruning is performed every 3-5 days, and the watermelon vines stop pruning after fruiting;

Pick the heart of the watermelon vine, and use the net bag on the vine rope to hold the watermelon fruit.

Further, when the watermelon seedlings are pruned with a single vine, one main vine is left, and when the watermelon seedlings are pruned with two vines, in addition to the main vine, when the main vine grows to more than 30 cm, a strong side vine is left. When the above watermelon seedlings are pruned with more than three vines, in addition to keeping the main vines, when the main vines grow to more than 30 cm, two strong side vines are left. At the end of the day, the side vine was put on the shelf as a substitute;

Further, the watermelon fruit needs to be treated to increase light, and the light-shielding treatment will not be carried out until the fruit is about to mature.

Further, the described watermelon seedlings are planted with 500-600 plants per mu.

Further, the distance between adjacent vine ropes is 0.3-0.6m.

Further, four square vine ropes are a unit, and the watermelon seedlings below each vine rope are led to the vine rope at its diagonal position.

Further, only one watermelon fruit is left for each described watermelon seedling.

The watermelon hanging cultivation pergola includes two vertical columns fixed on the ground, steel wire stays are fixed on the tops of the two uprights, and the steel wire stays have vine ropes hanging down from them. A net bag hanging down to hold the watermelon fruit is fixed.

The row spacing of the columns is at least 1.5m, the spacing between the plants is 4m, the height of the steel wire stays from the ground is 1.8-2.2m, and the distance between the vine ropes is 0.3-0.6m.

This cultivation method can not only manage each melon seedling to ensure the quality of each watermelon, but also the watermelon is evenly illuminated and the surface color is uniform, and the watermelon grows supported by the net bag, and the watermelon has a small ellipse, which makes the watermelon look better. excellent.

Description of drawings

The following is a brief description of the content expressed in each drawing in the description of the present invention and the marks in the figure:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the cultivated rattan frame;

The marks in the above-mentioned figures are: 1, upright column; 2, steel wire stay rope; 3, vine-drawing rope; 4, net bag.

Detailed ways

The invention point of the present invention is to lead the watermelon vines to the cultivation rattan frame for hanging cultivation. The rattan frame includes two vertical columns 1 fixed on the ground. 2. It is fixed on the top of two upright columns 1, which is the bearing point of the whole rattan. The height of the steel wire stay rope 2 from the ground is 1.8-2.2m, and there are hanging vine ropes 3 at equal intervals on the steel wire stay rope 2. The vine rope 3 is preferably a film Rope, its light weight, good adhesion. On each steel wire rope 2, several net pockets 4 supporting watermelon fruits are fixed, and net pockets 4 are fixed on the steel rope 2 by hanging ropes, and net pockets 4 are preferably nylon nets, which can have good scalability and can be used in various stages of watermelon play a supporting role. The distance between the vine ropes 3 is generally 0.3-0.6m, which can ensure that the watermelons on the adjacent vine ropes 3 do not interfere with each other and can receive good light. There are multiple above-mentioned cultivation rattan frames arranged in the watermelon greenhouse.

The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

Planting in mid-to-early February (the time for planting in subtropical regions), plant 500-600 plants per mu, and draw vines with 3 vine ropes, gently fix the vines without hurting the vines, and cross the vines to make full use of the space. The cross-grained vines are four square-shaped vine-introduced ropes as a unit, and the watermelon seedlings under each vine-introduced rope are led to the vine-introduced ropes at its diagonal position. Since the rattan is strip-shaped, the cross-introduced vines The method requires the cooperation of two adjacent pergolas, and the introduction of vines in this unit form can be more convenient for management. While effectively using the ground area, it can also vacate the walking passage, increase the yield per mu, and facilitate management.

The watermelon vines of each vine rope 3 are treated as follows: when the watermelon seedlings are pruned with a single vine, only one main vine is left; When the watermelon seedlings have more than three vines (including three vines), except for the main vine, when the main vine grows to more than 30 cm, two strong side vines are left, and the main vines are placed on the top of the main vine. The vine rope is used to keep the side vines in place. When the main vines fail to bear fruit, the side vines will be put on the shelves as substitutes. Most of the production uses double-vine pruning, a small amount of single-vine pruning or three-vine pruning.

When the main vine is 40-50 cm long and the side vines are about 15 cm long, pruning should be carried out every 3 to 5 days. No matter which pruning method is used, it should be done carefully before fruit setting, and no more pruning after fruit setting, so that more branches and leaves can be grown Fruit growth provides nutrition. When the fruit begins to expand rapidly, in order to prevent excessive vegetative growth, topping should be carried out. Utilize the net bag 4 on the vine rope to hold the watermelon fruit afterwards.

During the flowering and fruit setting and fruit development stages of hanging melon, careful care of the fruit is the key link to improve the yield and quality of watermelon. During the period from female flower opening to fruit setting, the ovary and young melon epidermis are very delicate, so use a net bag to protect the melon. The green immature melon skin contains a lot of chlorophyll, and the photosynthetic products produced by it can be directly transported to the fruit, which promotes the accumulation of sugar, so the melon should be brightened every hour. When the fruit is about to ripen, the chlorophyll in the pericarp will gradually decompose, and the photosynthesis will decrease. The inside of the fruit is mainly the transformation of organic matter, rather than the production and accumulation, so it should be covered with leaves or sponge nets.

Since the pollen of seedless watermelon has no fertility, it cannot play a role in pollination and needs to be pollinated. Pollination melons are planted separately at a ratio of 1:10 for artificial pollination. The following points should be noted for pollination:

(1) Selection of female flowers: When pollinating, you should choose well-developed female flowers on the main vine and side vines. The flowers have thick bud stalks, large ovary, normal shape, light green and shiny colors. After pollination, they are easy to set fruit and grow into high-quality large flowers. Melon, the female flowers on the side vines are reserved for melons.

(2) Pollination time: the flowers of watermelon begin to loosen at 5-6 o'clock in the morning, and the physiological activity is the most vigorous at 8-10 o'clock, which is the best pollination time. The pollination time on cloudy days is delayed to 9-11 o'clock due to late flowering.

(3) Pollination method: Use fresh male flowers that are open on the same day and are loosening pollen, pinch the petals toward the flower stalk with your hands, then align the stamens of the male flowers with the stigmas of the female flowers, and lightly dip them a few times. One male flower can confer 2-3 female flowers.

When the seedless watermelon has a low fruit-setting position, not only the fruit is small, the fruit shape is not correct, the peel is thick, but also there are many seed shells, and there are colored hard seed shells, which are easy to hollow and crack. The fruit suitable for fruit-setting nodes is larger in size, beautiful in shape, thinner in peel, less in grains, and less prone to hollowing and cracking. In production, we generally choose to keep the third female flower (around the twentieth node) on the main vine to keep melons. If the melons on the main vine are not sitting, the melons should also be kept in this order on the side vines, and it is advisable to leave one melon per plant.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or there is no improvement Directly applying the conception and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. watermelon suspention cultivation method, is characterized in that: after the field planting of watermelon seedling, and utilizing hangs down draws climing rope and draw climing in watermelon field, draws climing rope employing film rope;

As main climing long 40-50 centimetre, during lateral bine more than 15 centimetres, every 3-5 days once prunes, watermelon is climing bear fruit after stop training;

Carry out pinching to watermelon is climing, and utilize the string bag drawn on climing rope to hold Watermelon Fruit;

Adjacently described draw climing rope spacing 0.3-0.6m;

Four climing ropes that draw be square are a unit, and the watermelon seedling that every root draws climing rope below causes drawing on climing rope of its diagonal positions.

2. watermelon suspention cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described watermelon seedling only stays a master climing for during single climing training, described watermelon seedling for during two climing training except stay a master climing except, when leading climing growing to more than 30 centimetres, a healthy and strong lateral bine is stayed to do preparation climing, when described watermelon seedling is three climing above training except stay main climing except, when leading climing growing to more than 30 centimetres, stay two healthy and strong lateral bines, climing rope is drawn on described master is climing, lateral bine stays ground, when main climing can not result time lateral bine substitute added.

3. watermelon according to claim 1 suspention cultivation method, is characterized in that: described Watermelon Fruit needs add lustre to process, until fruit soon maturation time, then carry out shading treatment.

4. watermelon suspention cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described watermelon seedling mu plants 500-600 strain.

5. watermelon suspention cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: every watermelon seedling described in strain only stays a Watermelon Fruit.