CN103422598A - 一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422598A CN103422598A CN2013103275092A CN201310327509A CN103422598A CN 103422598 A CN103422598 A CN 103422598A CN 2013103275092 A CN2013103275092 A CN 2013103275092A CN 201310327509 A CN201310327509 A CN 201310327509A CN 103422598 A CN103422598 A CN 103422598A
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 46
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法。它包括基墙，基墙外侧顺次设有竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；或者基墙外侧顺次设有第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板。本发明充分利用封闭式建筑幕墙自然形成的封闭空腔，只要降低封闭空腔内壁表面的发射率，就能达到良好的节能保温效果，工艺简单，施工方便，造价成本低廉，具有节能、环保、经济等多重效益。
Description
一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及低发射率(辐射率)材料利用领域，尤其涉及一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法。
背景技术
[0002] 建筑幕墙由于外观大气，尽管造价高昂，但在许多高品质建筑中仍大量使用。目前建造的建筑.墙95%以上为封闭式建筑.墙。现有封闭式建筑.墙的保温系统仍然米用传统的方法，即在基墙内外表面采用低导热系数的材料来增加该保温系统的热阻，主要是墙体内外表面批抹保温砂浆或墙体外表面贴(喷)矿(岩)棉。现有封闭幕墙保温做法存在施工麻烦，质量难保证，使用寿命短，造价成本高等缺点。采用封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，具有目前传统做法无可比拟的优势。
[0003]目前封闭式建筑幕墙的节能设计都没有考虑基墙与面板形成的封闭空气层的作用，只按普通外墙来计算传热系数。封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，是充分利用封闭式建筑幕墙自然形成的封闭空腔(基墙与面板之间的空腔)，根据传热学的基本原理充分结合封闭空腔及传导、对流、辐射三种传热方式的特性而设计的一种科学保温系统。封闭式建筑幕墙的面板直接接触室外环境，通过与室外环境的辐射和对流，面板温度升高并向基墙传递。在忽略通过龙骨传递的热量的情况下，封闭空气间层的传热方式有三种:辐射、对流和传导。从图3上可以看到，当间层两界面存在温度差(Θ I > Θ 2)时，热面将热量通过空气层流边界层的导热传给空气层；由于空气的导热性能差，空气层的温度降落较大，随后附近的空气将上升，冷表面附近的空气则下沉，进入自然对流状态，温度变化较为平缓；当靠近冷表面时，又经过层流边界层导热，热量传到冷表面。封闭空气间层的传热强度主要取决于对流及辐射换热的强度。将低发射率层(2、4)置于间层壁面，改变壁面的辐射特性，能够有效地减少辐射换热量，并且可以防止渐层内结露。
[0004] 以上三种传热方式对于封闭式建筑幕墙都可采取相应的措施加以改变，从而达到节能保温的效果。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统及方法。
[0006] 封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，包括基墙，基墙外侧顺次设有竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板。
[0007] 封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统制作方法是:
基墙外侧通过镀锌钢板、化学螺栓、膨胀螺栓与角码相连，角码通过不锈钢螺栓与竖龙骨相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓与横龙骨相连，面板内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板上设有环氧树脂胶填缝，横龙骨通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓、不锈钢挂件与面板上的环氧树脂胶填缝相连，环氧树脂胶填缝的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶填充，基墙和面板间形成封闭空腔，封闭空腔外侧内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层；
或者基墙外侧通过镀锌钢板、化学螺栓和膨胀螺栓与角码相连，角码通过不锈钢螺栓与竖龙骨相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓与横龙骨相连，基墙外侧和面板内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板上设有环氧树脂胶填缝，横龙骨通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓、不锈钢挂件与面板上的环氧树脂胶填缝相连，环氧树脂胶填缝的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶填充，基墙和面板间形成封闭空腔，封闭空腔内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层和第二低发射率材料面层；
或者基墙外侧通过镀锌钢板、化学螺栓和膨胀螺栓与角码相连，角码通过不锈钢螺栓与竖龙骨相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓与横龙骨相连，基墙外侧黏贴保温材料，面板内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板上设有环氧树脂胶填缝，横龙骨通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓、不锈钢挂件与面板上的环氧树脂胶填缝相连，环氧树脂胶填缝的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶填充，基墙和面板间形成封闭空腔，封闭空腔外侧内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层；
或者基墙外侧通过镀锌钢板、化学螺栓和膨胀螺栓与角码相连，角码通过不锈钢螺栓与竖龙骨相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓与横龙骨相连，基墙外侧黏贴保温材料，保温材料外侧和面板内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板上设有环氧树脂胶填缝，横龙骨通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓、不锈钢挂件与面板上的环氧树脂胶填缝相连，环氧树脂胶填缝的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶填充，基墙和面板间形成封闭空腔，封闭空腔内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层和第二低发射率材料面层。
[0008] 现有的封闭式建筑幕墙保温系统未考虑封闭空腔对节能保温的贡献，一般保温砂浆层较厚，工序复杂，质量难以保证，成本造价高；如采用矿(岩)棉，其干燥度难以保证，无法确保保温效果，且成本造价较高。本发明充分利用封闭式建筑幕墙自然形成的封闭空腔，只要降低封闭空腔内壁表面的发射率，就能达到良好的节能保温效果，工艺简单，施工方便，造价成本低廉，具有节能、环保、经济等多重效益。
附图说明
[0009] 图1是本发明封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统示意图；
图2是本发明横龙骨与面板连接详图；
图3是本发明垂直封闭空气间层传热原理示意图；
图中，面板1、第一低发射率材料面层2、封闭空腔3、第二低发射率材料面层4、保温材料5、基墙6、横龙骨7、镀锌钢板8、化学螺栓9、不锈钢螺栓10、角码11、膨胀螺栓12、竖龙骨13、镀锌角码14、不锈钢外六角螺栓15、石材专用耐候胶16、环氧树脂胶填缝17、不锈钢挂件18、不锈钢外六角螺栓19。
[0010] 具体实施方式
如图1-3所示，封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，包括基墙，基墙外侧顺次设有竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板；
或者基墙外侧顺次设有保温材料、第二低发射率材料面层、竖龙骨、横龙骨、封闭空腔、第一低发射率材料面层、面板。
[0011] 本发明充分利用封闭式建筑幕墙自然形成的封闭空腔3，根据传热学的基本原理，从全新的角度，颠覆现有的封闭式建筑幕墙保温理念，克服现有封闭式建筑幕墙保温系统的缺点，达到封闭式建筑幕墙的节能保温目的。
[0012] 为了达到经济、合理、适用的目的，本发明对封闭式建筑幕墙的气密性能没有提更高的要求，只要达到《建筑幕墙》GB/T21086-2007第5.1.3条气密性能要求即可，本发明着重改变封闭式建筑幕墙封闭空腔3两侧(基墙6和面板I之间的空腔)内表面的发射率，以达到节能保温的目的。
[0013] 封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统设计时，先按基墙6和封闭空腔双面采用低发射率材料层估算是否满足规范的节能保温要求，当系统热阻偏小时，可在基墙6和第二低发射率材料面层4之间按计算加保温材料5 ;当系统热阻足够大时，可不设置保温材料5 ；只要满足规范要求，可不设置保温材料5，第一低发射率材料面层2和第二低发射率材料面层4，甚至可同时不设置保温材料5，第一低发射率材料面层2和第二低发射率材料面层4。
[0014] 由于充分利用封闭式建筑幕墙封闭空腔3和第一低发射率材料面层2和第二低发射率材料面层4的特性，封闭式建筑.墙低发射率保温系统比现有封闭式建筑.墙保温系统更加科学、经济、环保。
[0015] 实施例1:
在基墙6外侧通过镀锌钢板8、化学螺栓9、膨胀螺栓12、角码11、不锈钢螺栓10与竖龙骨13相连，化学螺栓9是靠与混凝土之间的握裹力和机械咬合力共同作用来抗拔和螺栓本身来抗剪，主要用在新旧结构的连接处，竖龙骨13通过镀锌角码14、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓15与横龙骨7相连，面板I上设有环氧树脂胶填缝17，在面板I封闭空腔3侧黏贴低发射率薄膜，使封闭空腔3内侧形成第一低发射率材料面层2，设置有第一低发射率材料面层2的面板I通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓19、不锈钢挂件18与横龙骨7相连，环氧树脂胶填缝17的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶16填充，幕墙按要求建造完成后，就形成了封闭式建筑.墙低发射率保温系统。
[0016] 实施例2:
在基墙6外侧通过镀锌钢板8、化学螺栓9、膨胀螺栓12、角码11、不锈钢螺栓10与竖龙骨13相连，竖龙骨13通过镀锌角码14、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓15与横龙骨7相连，面板I上设有环氧树脂胶填缝17，同时在面板I和基墙6的封闭空腔侧喷涂低发射率材料，使封闭空腔3内侧形成第一低发射率材料面层2和第二低发射率材料面层4，设置有第一低发射率材料面层2的面板I通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓19、不锈钢挂件18与横龙骨7相连，环氧树脂胶填缝17的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶16填充，幕墙按要求建造完成后，就形成了封闭式建筑.墙低发射率保温系统。
[0017] 实施例3:
在基墙6外侧通过镀锌钢板8、化学螺栓9、膨胀螺栓12、角码11、不锈钢螺栓10与竖龙骨13相连，竖龙骨13通过镀锌角码14、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓15与横龙骨7相连，面板I上设有环氧树脂胶填缝17，基墙6外侧批抹保温材料5，同时在面板I的封闭空腔侧黏贴低发射率薄膜，使封闭空腔3内侧形成第一低发射率材料面层2，设置有第一低发射率材料面层2的面板I通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓19、不锈钢挂件18与横龙骨7相连，环氧树脂胶填缝17的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶16填充，幕墙按要求建造完成后，就形成了封闭式建筑.墙低发射率保温系统。
[0018] 实施例4:
在基墙6外侧通过镀锌钢板8、化学螺栓9、膨胀螺栓12、角码11、不锈钢螺栓10与竖龙骨13相连，竖龙骨13通过镀锌角码14、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓15与横龙骨7相连，面板I上设有环氧树脂胶填缝17，基墙6外侧批抹保温材料5，同时在面板I和基墙保温材料5封闭空腔3侧黏贴低发射率薄膜，使封闭空腔3内侧形成第一低发射率材料面层2和第二低发射率材料面层4，设置有第一低发射率材料面层2的面板I通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓19、不锈钢挂件18与横龙骨7相连，环氧树脂胶填缝17的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶16填充，.墙按要求建造完成后，就形成了封闭式建筑.墙低发射率保温系统。
Claims (8)
1.一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，包括基墙(6)，其特征在于基墙(6)外侧顺次设有竖龙骨(13)、横龙骨(7)、封闭空腔(3)、第一低发射率材料面层(2)、面板(I)。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统制作方法，其特征在于:基墙(6)外侧通过镀锌钢板(8)、化学螺栓(9)、膨胀螺栓(12)与角码(11)相连，角码(11)通过不锈钢螺栓(10)与竖龙骨(13)相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码(14)、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓(15)与横龙骨(7)相连，面板(I)内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板(I)上设有环氧树脂胶填缝(17)，横龙骨(7)通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓(19)、不锈钢挂件(18)与面板(I)上的环氧树脂胶填缝(17)相连，环氧树脂胶填缝(17)的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶(16 )填充，基墙(6 )和面板(I)间形成封闭空腔(3 )，封闭空腔(3)外侧内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层(2)。
3.一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，包括基墙(6)，其特征在于基墙(6)外侧顺次设有第二低发射率材料面层(4)、竖龙骨(13)、横龙骨(7)、封闭空腔(3)、第一低发射率材料面层(2)、面板(I)。
4.一种如权利要求3所述的封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统制作方法，其特征在于:基墙(6)外侧通过镀锌钢板(8)、化学螺栓(9)和膨胀螺栓(12)与角码(11)相连，角码(11)通过不锈钢螺栓(10)与竖龙骨(13)相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码(14)、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓(15)与横龙骨(7)相连，基墙(6)外侧和面板(I)内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板(I)上设有环氧树脂胶填缝(17)，横龙骨(7)通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓(19)、不锈钢挂件(18)与面板(I)上的环氧树脂胶填缝(17)相连，环氧树脂胶填缝(17)的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶(16)填充，基墙(6)和面板(I)间形成封闭空腔(3)，封闭空腔(3)内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层(2)和第二低发射率材料面层(4)。
5.一种封闭式建筑幕墙.低发射率保温系统，包括基墙(6)，其特征在于基墙(6)外侧顺次设有保温材料(5)、竖龙骨(13)、横龙骨(7)、封闭空腔(3)、第一低发射率材料面层(2)、面板(I)。
6.一种如权利要求5所述的封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统制作方法，其特征在于:基墙(6)外侧通过镀锌钢板(8)、化学螺栓(9)和膨胀螺栓(12)与角码(11)相连，角码(11)通过不锈钢螺栓(10)与竖龙骨(13)相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码(14)、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓(15)与横龙骨(7)相连，基墙(6)外侧黏贴保温材料(5)，面板(I)内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板(I)上设有环氧树脂胶填缝(17)，横龙骨(7)通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓(19)、不锈钢挂件(18)与面板(I)上的环氧树脂胶填缝(17)相连，环氧树脂胶填缝(17)的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶(16)填充，基墙(6)和面板(I)间形成封闭空腔(3 )，封闭空腔(3 )外侧内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层(2 )。
7.一种封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统，包括基墙(6)，其特征在于基墙(6)外侧顺次设有保温材料(5)、第二低发射率材料面层(4)、竖龙骨(13)、横龙骨(7)、封闭空腔(3)、第一低发射率材料面层(2 )、面板(I)。
8.—种如权利要求7所述的封闭式建筑幕墙低发射率保温系统制作方法，其特征在于:基墙(6)外侧通过镀锌钢板(8)、化学螺栓(9)和膨胀螺栓(12)与角码(11)相连，角码(11)通过不锈钢螺栓(10)与竖龙骨(13)相连，竖龙骨通过镀锌角码(14)、第一不锈钢外六角螺栓(15)与横龙骨(7)相连，基墙(6)外侧黏贴保温材料(5)，保温材料(5)外侧和面板(O内表面黏贴低发射率薄膜或喷涂低发射率材料，面板(I)上设有环氧树脂胶填缝(17)，横龙骨(7)通过第二不锈钢外六角螺栓(19)、不锈钢挂件(18)与面板(I)上的环氧树脂胶填缝(17 )相连，环氧树脂胶填缝(17 )的空隙部分用石材专用耐候胶(16 )填充，基墙(6 )和面板(I)间形成封闭空腔(3)，封闭空腔(3)内壁形成所述第一低发射率材料面层(2)和第二低发射率材料面·层(4)。
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