CN103422511B - A kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation - Google Patents
A kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422511B CN103422511B CN201310365797.0A CN201310365797A CN103422511B CN 103422511 B CN103422511 B CN 103422511B CN 201310365797 A CN201310365797 A CN 201310365797A CN 103422511 B CN103422511 B CN 103422511B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010205 computational analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation, cement mixing method composite foundation is adopted to reinforce, the method comprises the following steps: (1) lays stake position on soft foundation, Pile arrangement is that square lays out pile or quincunxly to lay out pile, and determines the long and pilespacing of a footpath, stake; (2) on basic foundation, brill excavates stake holes, and grout injection, form concrete stake, and after concrete stake completes in 2h, dowel is set in concrete stake; (3) mattress layer laid by ground after treatment, dowel is stretched out mattress layer; (4) on mattress layer, install flexible slab foundation, and welded with the main muscle of flexible slab foundation by the dowel in concrete stake, flexible slab foundation is as bearing stratum.Compared with reinforcing with board-like underpin flexible in prior art or bored pile, the present invention not only can meet design requirement, expand the scope of application of shallow foundation, and overall expenses there will be the larger range of decrease, has obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of reinforcing soft ground, especially relate to a kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation.
Background technology
Along with power grid construction develop rapidly, the basic engineering of transmission line of electricity, is related to the safe operation of circuit, is more related to investment and the comprehensive benefit of engineering.Foundation pattern conventional is at present: 1. slab foundation; 2. this two profiles formula of bored pile foundation.Wherein to be generally used for geological condition regional preferably on straight column type basis, and bored concrete pile foundation is generally used for the geology such as river embankment, weak soil unfavorable area.
In soft soil areas, because the design of its pole and tower foundation not only will meet general pole and tower foundation designing requirement, also should meet the requirements such as column foot sedimentation amount, gradient, therefore soft soil areas pole and tower foundation is designed with its particularity.Because the research of China in the past in soft soil areas basement process and pole and tower foundation thereof exists many weak points, cause soft soil areas pole and tower foundation design level lower, the gap that existence is larger compared with international most advanced level, the ratio of the cost of its foundation the line is busy road overall investment is generally about 25%, what have is even higher, and the research carrying out ground stabilization and process of non-system, therefore soft soil areas pole and tower foundation has become link very weak in transmission line construction, basement process and design optimization are then soft soil areas work transmission line key subjects in the urgent need to address.
At present, board-like shallow foundation is used to have following problem in soft clay area:
(1) bearing capacity of foundation soil of bearing stratum is lower, the overburden layer of shallow-layer is thicker, cause and general steel tower shallow foundation (slab foundation) is needed to take larger area, darker embedded depth of foundation compared with other areas, the excavated volume of the cubic metre of earth and stone is large, and concrete and amount of reinforcement are also large.
(2) slab foundation baseplate width is large, and basis is large by external disturbance, the stability of basic foundation all can be caused to be damaged as having uneven preloading or excavation fish pond, ditch etc. near tower position.
(3) for the steel tower that the foundation bearing capacities such as same tower four loop, 500kV circuit are larger, according to slab foundation, then baseplate width can be very large, and even slab foundation cannot meet design requirement, and therefore all needs completely to adopt bored pile foundation.And pile foundation belongs to deep foundation, investment cost is large, and its cost is 2 ~ 4 times of slab foundation, and this makes the foundation cost of whole piece circuit very high.
Therefore, in the present context, how to expand the scope of application of shallow foundation, how the ground of shallow foundation is taked to the foundation treatment mode be suitable for, the usage ratio reducing shallow foundation floor space, reduce the material usage on basis, reduce bored pile in circuit, make shallow foundation in floor space, comprehensive cost etc., have more reasonability and economy, will key one ring of control engineering cost be become.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly provide to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists a kind of construct simple, cost of production is little, the reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation of reliable construction quality.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation, adopt cement mixing method composite foundation to reinforce, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) on soft foundation, lay stake position, Pile arrangement is that square lays out pile or quincunxly to lay out pile, and determines the long and pilespacing of a footpath, stake;
(2) on basic foundation, brill excavates stake holes, and grout injection, form concrete stake, and after concrete stake completes in 2h, dowel is set in concrete stake;
(3) mattress layer laid by ground after treatment, dowel is stretched out mattress layer;
(4) on mattress layer, install flexible slab foundation, and welded with the main muscle of flexible slab foundation by the dowel in concrete stake, flexible slab foundation is as bearing stratum.
When laying stake position, open in conjunction with steel tower root, the factor such as sole plate size, basic role power size.When basis root is opened little, concrete stake can extend out 1 ~ 2 campshed position in four leg sole plate scopes and arrange, basis root is opened greatly, single leg sole plate size is relatively little, can extend out 1 ~ 2 row's pile layout for single leg sole plate scope, described stake footpath is 0.4 ~ 0.7mm, and stake is long is 6.0m ~ 8.0m, pilespacing when square lays out pile is 1.0 ~ 1.5m, and quincunx pilespacing when laying out pile is 1.2 ~ 1.4m.
The method that grout injection described in step (2) adopts is Pressure Revolving Blast-Grout, concrete steps are as follows: inserted by rotary jet grouting pipe in stake holes, when rotary jet grouting pipe is inserted into projected depth, rotate and promote rotary jet grouting pipe, start whitewashing, when the churning of rotary jet grouting pipe rises to design elevation, churning terminates.The shaping requirement of concrete stake is: evenly, continuously, without tightening and tomography, forbidding at lifting whitewashing process interrupt slurry, special circumstances cause disconnected slurry should bore forming again.
Cement paste described in step (2) adopts P32.5 or P42.5 Portland cement, water/binder ratio is 0.5 ~ 0.6, cement mixed ratio is 10% ~ 15%, the efficient retarding and water reducing agent simultaneously adding 0.5% of cement weight in cement paste, to improve soil cement intensity, requires that cement-soil 7d age strength is not less than 0.8MPa.
The thickness of described mattress layer is 0.2 ~ 0.4m.
The foundation width of described flexible slab foundation is 8 ~ 12m, and foundation columns width is 1 ~ 3m, embedded depth of foundation 2 ~ 4m.
The vertical missing of described concrete stake is less than or equal to 0.5%.
After adopting concrete stake to carry out basement process, bearing capacity of foundation soil can reach 125kPa, ground after treatment adopts flexible slab foundation, for solving uplift force and the horizontal component of steel tower, dowel is provided with in concrete stake, dowel is connected with the board-like foundation main reinforcement of flexibility, utilize dowel and concrete stake frictional force, concrete stake own wt and the frictional force with mud, synergy is enough to opposing steel tower column foot uplift force, resist horizontal tilting force with the board-like based Joint of flexibility simultaneously, also skirt piles can be established to bear pile foundation lateral pressure in surrounding if needed, such anchoring pile, concrete stake, flexible slab foundation all gives full play to respective, the advantage of associating.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation of the present invention, compare the board-like underpin method of independent flexibility, body expense of the present invention can reduce 30% ~ 3%, compare independent bored pile reinforcement means, body expense of the present invention can reduce 66% ~ 70%, and the minimizing of this basic expense will be considerable.
(2) for the iron tower foundation (as double loop four type corner, four-loop steel tower) that load is larger, sole plate is large, construction and excavation face is large, ground should produce the problems such as differential settlement to adopt flexible slab foundation to cause, in four-loop steel tower large corner situation, even there will be the situation that flexible slab foundation cannot meet design requirement; And adopt bored pile, although can meet design requirement, more flexible slab foundation is increased more than 2-3 times by foundation cost; And after adopting method of the present invention, the scope of application of the shallow foundation that not only can meet design requirement, expand, and overall expenses there will be the larger range of decrease, has obvious economy, technical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When Fig. 1 is for adopting method of the present invention to carry out ground stabilization, the layout schematic diagram of concrete stake and section and flexible slab foundation.
In figure, 1 is concrete stake, and 2 is mattress layer, and 3 is flexible slab foundation, and 4 is ground.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
A kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation, adopt cement mixing method composite foundation to reinforce, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) on soft foundation, lay stake position, Pile arrangement is that square lays out pile or quincunxly to lay out pile, and determines the long and pilespacing of a footpath, stake; When laying stake position, open in conjunction with steel tower root, the factor such as sole plate size, basic role power size.When basis root is opened little, concrete stake can extend out 1 ~ 2 campshed position in four leg sole plate scopes and arrange, basis root is opened greatly, single leg sole plate size is relatively little, can extend out 1 ~ 2 row's pile layout for single leg sole plate scope, stake footpath is 0.4 ~ 0.7mm, and stake is long is 6.0m ~ 8.0m, pilespacing when square lays out pile is 1.0 ~ 1.5m, and quincunx pilespacing when laying out pile is 1.2 ~ 1.4m.
(2) on basic foundation, brill excavates stake holes, and grout injection, form concrete stake, and after concrete stake completes in 2h, dowel is set in concrete stake; The method that step (2) grout injection adopts is Pressure Revolving Blast-Grout, concrete steps are as follows: inserted by rotary jet grouting pipe in stake holes, when rotary jet grouting pipe is inserted into projected depth, rotate and promote rotary jet grouting pipe, start whitewashing, when the churning of rotary jet grouting pipe rises to design elevation, churning terminates.The shaping requirement of concrete stake is: evenly, continuously, without tightening and tomography, forbidding at lifting whitewashing process interrupt slurry, special circumstances cause disconnected slurry should bore forming again.Step (2) cement paste adopts P32.5 or P42.5 Portland cement, water/binder ratio is 0.5 ~ 0.6, cement mixed ratio is 10% ~ 15%, the efficient retarding and water reducing agent simultaneously adding 0.5% of cement weight in cement paste, to improve soil cement intensity, requires that cement-soil 7d age strength is not less than 0.8MPa.The vertical missing of concrete stake is less than or equal to 0.5%.
(3) mattress layer laid by ground after treatment, dowel is stretched out mattress layer; The thickness of mattress layer is 0.2 ~ 0.4m.
(4) on mattress layer, install flexible slab foundation, and welded with the main muscle of flexible slab foundation by the dowel in concrete stake, flexible slab foundation is as bearing stratum.
When adopting method of the present invention to carry out ground stabilization, the layout schematic diagram of concrete stake and section and flexible slab foundation as shown in Figure 1,
In the present embodiment, the stake footpath d=600mm of concrete stake 1, the long l=7.0m of stake, gets pilespacing 1.2m, takes square to lay out pile, and stake end drops on soil layer farinose argillic horizon, the thickness d '=300mm of mattress layer 2.The foundation width of flexible slab foundation 3 is 8 ~ 12m, and foundation columns width is 1 ~ 3m, and flexible slab foundation 3 degree of depth be embedded in ground 4 is 2 ~ 4m.
Determine stake soil area replacement ratio m
Then d
e=1.13s=1.13 × 1.2=1.356
m＝(d/d
e)
2＝(0.6/1.356)
2＝0.1958
Determine bearing capacity of single pile
1) by R
a=η f
cua
pdetermine
Get η=0.3, f
cu=1.1MPa
Then R
α=η f
cua
p=0.3 × 1100 × π × 0.6
2/ 4=93.3kN
2) press
Determine
Get α=0.4
Get R
α=93.3kN
Determine Bearing Capacity of Composite Foundation
Pass through computational analysis, after adopting concrete stake to carry out basement process, bearing capacity of foundation soil can reach 125kPa, ground after treatment adopts flexible slab foundation, for solving uplift force and the horizontal component of steel tower, dowel is provided with in concrete stake, dowel is connected with the board-like foundation main reinforcement of flexibility, utilize dowel and concrete stake frictional force, concrete stake own wt and the frictional force with mud, synergy is enough to opposing steel tower column foot uplift force, resist horizontal tilting force with the board-like based Joint of flexibility simultaneously, also skirt piles can be established to bear pile foundation lateral pressure in surrounding if needed, such anchoring pile, concrete stake, flexible slab foundation all gives full play to respective, the advantage of associating.
In the present embodiment, reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation, compare the board-like underpin method of independent flexibility, body expense of the present invention can reduce 30% ~ 3%, compare independent bored pile reinforcement means, body expense of the present invention can reduce 66% ~ 70%, and the minimizing of this basic expense will be considerable.
Claims (2)
1. a reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation, adopt cement mixing method composite foundation to reinforce, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) on soft foundation, lay stake position, Pile arrangement is that square lays out pile or quincunxly to lay out pile, and determines the long and pilespacing of a footpath, stake;
(2) on basic foundation, brill excavates stake holes, and grout injection, form concrete stake, and after concrete stake completes in 2h, dowel is set in concrete stake;
(3) mattress layer laid by ground after treatment, dowel is stretched out mattress layer;
(4) on mattress layer, install flexible slab foundation, and welded with the main muscle of flexible slab foundation by the dowel in concrete stake, flexible slab foundation is as bearing stratum;
The method that grout injection described in step (2) adopts is Pressure Revolving Blast-Grout, concrete steps are as follows: inserted by rotary jet grouting pipe in stake holes, when rotary jet grouting pipe is inserted into projected depth, rotate and promote rotary jet grouting pipe, start whitewashing, when the churning of rotary jet grouting pipe rises to design elevation, churning terminates;
The thickness of described mattress layer is 0.2 ~ 0.4m;
Described stake footpath is 0.4 ~ 0.7mm, and stake is long is 6.0m ~ 8.0m, and pilespacing when square lays out pile is 1.0 ~ 1.5m, and quincunx pilespacing when laying out pile is 1.2 ~ 1.4m;
Cement paste described in step (2) adopts P32.5 or P42.5 Portland cement, water/binder ratio is 0.5 ~ 0.6, cement mixed ratio is 10% ~ 15%, adds the efficient retarding and water reducing agent of 0.5% of cement weight to improve soil cement intensity in cement paste simultaneously;
The foundation width of described flexible slab foundation is 8 ~ 12m, and foundation columns width is 1 ~ 3m, embedded depth of foundation 2 ~ 4m.
2. a kind of reinforcement method for transmission tower shallow base foundation under composite soft soil foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vertical missing of described concrete stake is less than or equal to 0.5%.
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