CN103419665A - Electric car and electric car power system and battery heating method - Google Patents

Electric car and electric car power system and battery heating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103419665A
CN103419665A CN2012101606185A CN201210160618A CN103419665A CN 103419665 A CN103419665 A CN 103419665A CN 2012101606185 A CN2012101606185 A CN 2012101606185A CN 201210160618 A CN201210160618 A CN 201210160618A CN 103419665 A CN103419665 A CN 103419665A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery pack
heating
electronlmobil
described battery
temperature
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Granted
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CN2012101606185A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103419665B (en
Inventor
伍星驰
王洪军
谢世滨
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201210160618.5A priority Critical patent/CN103419665B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/076111 priority patent/WO2013174278A1/en
Publication of CN103419665A publication Critical patent/CN103419665A/en
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Publication of CN103419665B publication Critical patent/CN103419665B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/12—Driver interactions by confirmation, e.g. of the input
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an electric car power system which comprises a battery pack, a battery heater, a battery manager, a distribution box, a motor, a motor controller and an isolation inductor. The battery heater is connected with the battery pack. The battery manager is respectively connected with the battery pack and the battery heater and used for adjusting the battery heater to use different heating powers to heat the battery pack and acquiring current throttle opening change velocity in real time when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a first heating temperature threshold and the residual electric quantity is higher than a shutdown electric quantity threshold. The distribution box is used for distributing voltage output by the battery pack. The motor controller is connected with the motor and the distribution box and provided with a first input end, a second input end and a pre-charging capacitor. The pre-charging capacitor is connected between the first input end and the second input end and matched with the isolation inductor. The power system is capable of realizing heating, high in heating efficiency, low in cost, and highly practical. The invention further provides an electric car battery heating method and an electric car.

Description

The power system of electronlmobil, electronlmobil and heating of battery method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electric vehicle engineering field, particularly power system, a kind of electronlmobil with this power system of the electronlmobil of a kind of heating of battery method of electronlmobil and employing the method.
Background technology
Along with scientific and technological development, new-energy automobile especially pure electric vehicle as a kind of walking-replacing tool, enter just at leisure each family, the user is particularly more and more higher to the requirement of traveling comfort to the performance requriements of automobile, and this just requires vehicle must adapt to different driving demands.Yet present stage, most pure electric vehicle obviously can't meet this requirement, and particularly, in cold winter, temperature is too low, no matter the hydraulic performance decline of electrokinetic cell, be on discharge capability, or all can descend to some extent on capacity of cell, even can not use.Specifically, the electrokinetic cell especially general work temperature of lithium ion battery is-20 ℃ to 55 ℃, and battery does not allow charging at low temperatures.When ambient temperature is too low, the battery-driven car internal cell there will be following problem: under (1) low temperature, lithium ion is easily in negative pole deposition, loses electroactively, even may cause safety problem.Therefore, vehicle and power brick are often used at low temperatures, greatly the infringement power brick life-span, when more serious, may have potential safety hazard.(2), under low temperature, during lithium ion cell charging, lithium ion easily deposits at negative pole, become dead lithium, the capacity that battery can be brought into play significantly descends, and in the process of constantly using, these lithium deposition are more long larger, even may cause internal short-circuit, cause potential safety hazard.This is the reason that vehicle can not charge (comprising feedback) at low temperatures.(3) under low temperature, the discharge capability of battery is limited, is unfavorable for driving.These problems, concerning the pure electric vehicle of bragging about the new forms of energy environmental protection, are undoubtedly very awkward thing.Therefore more and more higher to the cry of the electrokinetic cell heat protocol that can change this awkward situation.
The heating of battery scheme is a kind of very important technology in the pure electric automobile field.The quality of the quality of heating of battery strategy and cell heater performance directly has influence on traveling comfort, operational stability and the safety of automobile.At present, there are a lot of new techniques to start to apply to storage battery and heat up, but, due to self performance deficiency, do not used widely at automotive field.As at the outside batteries lag, carry out heat-insulation warm keeping by warm material, but this just plays effect of heat insulation, does not play the effect of heating; Be exactly to use infrared radiation diaphragm to heating of battery in addition, then at the outside batteries lag, to play insulation effect; Or add heat patch etc. at the battery outside face.These schemes are mostly to utilize outside huge heating device and power supply to heating of battery, so these schemes only are suitable for the fixing example of battery location.In addition, use external power supply to make the heating of battery of pure electric automobile there is limitation, be not suitable for the unfixed automobile in position.Therefore, these heating techniques are not applied widely on pure electric automobile.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended at least solve one of above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For this reason, first purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of power system of electronlmobil, this system is without additional power source, heating required electric weight is provided by the self power battery fully, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil is used at low temperature environment, the efficiency of heating surface also high and cost is lower, practical.Second purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of electronlmobil with above-mentioned power system.Another object of the present invention also is to propose a kind of heating of battery method of electronlmobil.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of first aspect present invention discloses a kind of power system of electronlmobil, comprising: battery pack, cell heater, described cell heater is connected with described battery pack, and described cell heater is configured to described battery pack is discharged and recharged to described battery pack is heated, battery manager, described battery manager is connected with described cell heater with described battery pack respectively, for in the temperature of described battery pack lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack during higher than the parking power threshold, take according to the temperature of described battery pack the heating power of adjusting described cell heater heats as described battery pack, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of described electronlmobil in when heating driving, and after described current throttle change in depth speed has reached predetermined threshold value, controlling described cell heater stops described battery pack is heated, switch box, described switch box is distributed for the voltage to described battery pack output, motor, electric machine controller, described electric machine controller is connected with described switch box with described motor respectively, and described electric machine controller there is first input end, the second input end and be connected to described first input end and the second input end between pre-charging capacitor, described electric machine controller is described motor power supply for the voltage distributed according to control command and described switch box, and the isolation inductance, described isolation inductance is connected between described battery pack and described switch box, and the described pre-charging capacitor coupling of the inductance of described isolation inductance and described electric machine controller.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize the electrokinetic cell heavy-current discharge in battery pack on car, battery self internal resistance heating, reach the purpose to the battery pack heating.This power system is without additional power source, heating required electric weight is provided by the electrokinetic cell of battery pack own fully, by battery manager and cell heater, battery pack is heated to management, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil is used at low temperature environment, can meet the client and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, this power system directly heats electrokinetic cell, and the efficiency of heating surface is higher, and cost is lower, practical.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention discloses a kind of electronlmobil, comprises the power system of above-mentioned electronlmobil.This vehicle can normally travel in cold area, on one side and can drive a vehicle, Yi Bian battery pack is heated, thus safety driving smoothly guaranteed.
The embodiment of third aspect present invention discloses a kind of heating of battery method of electronlmobil, comprises the following steps:
Detect the dump energy of temperature and the described battery pack of described battery pack;
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack higher than the parking power threshold, described battery manager be take according to the temperature of described battery pack the heating power of adjusting described cell heater and is heated as described battery pack, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of described electronlmobil in when heating driving, and, after described current throttle change in depth speed has reached predetermined threshold value, control described cell heater and stop described battery pack is heated;
If described current throttle change in depth speed does not reach predetermined threshold value, control described cell heater and continue described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the dump energy of described the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack lower than described parking power threshold, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the first heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled the main contactor closure in described switch box.
Heating of battery method according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, can make pure electric automobile disobey outer power supply and realize the heating to the battery pack electrokinetic cell, battery pack temperature is risen to temperature required, again according to normal electric discharge and charging strategy use battery pack, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil is used at low temperature environment, can meet the client and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, the method of the embodiment of the present invention is by the throttle change in depth speed of sampling electronlmobil, whether the horsepower output that judges battery pack is excessive, thereby stop battery pack being heated when the horsepower output of battery pack is excessive, avoid thus the electric weight of battery pack to cross and put, improved battery pack service life and guaranteed the dynamic property of electronlmobil.
The aspect that the present invention is additional and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments and obviously and easily understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the power system of electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the power system of electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram according to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention;
The electrical connection schematic diagram of the power system that Fig. 4 is electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
The electrical connection schematic diagram of the power system that Fig. 5 is electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to switch box in the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention;
The diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method that Fig. 7 is electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
The diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method that Fig. 8 is electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
The further diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method that Fig. 9 is electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
The further diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method that Figure 10 is electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; With
Figure 11 is the overview flow chart according to the heating of battery method of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below describe embodiments of the invention in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label means same or similar element or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", orientation or the position relationship of the indications such as D score, 'fornt', 'back', " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, rather than indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, construct and operation with specific orientation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, can be also the connection of two element internals, can be directly to be connected, and also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term.
With reference to following description and accompanying drawing, these and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be known.These describe and accompanying drawing in, specifically disclose some specific implementations in embodiments of the invention, mean to implement some modes of the principle of embodiments of the invention, still should be appreciated that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, embodiments of the invention comprise spirit and interior all changes, modification and the equivalent of intension scope that falls into additional claims.
Below with reference to Fig. 1 to Figure 10, the power system according to the electronlmobil of first aspect present invention embodiment is described.
See figures.1.and.2, the power system of this electronlmobil comprises: battery pack 101, cell heater 102, battery manager 103, switch box 104, motor 105, electric machine controller 106 and isolation inductance L 2.Wherein, cell heater 102 is connected with battery pack 101, and cell heater 102 is configured to battery pack 101 is discharged and recharged to battery pack is heated.Battery manager 103 is connected with cell heater 102 by CAN line 107, also by sample line 108, with battery pack 101, is connected simultaneously, has the function that battery is carried out temperature sampling, voltage sample, battery pack 101 outgoing currents are sampled.In addition, battery manager 103 also has the current vehicle-state of judgement electronlmobil, temperature and the dump energy function of calculating battery pack 101, and can send to relevant electric device to control signal by CAN line 107, to realize the function management to each related device.Specifically, battery manager 103 for the temperature in battery pack 101 lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and the dump energy of battery pack 101 is during higher than the parking power threshold, take according to the temperature of battery pack 101 heating power of adjusting cell heater 102 is battery pack 101 heating, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of electronlmobil in when heating driving, and, after the current throttle change in depth speed of electronlmobil has reached predetermined threshold value, control cell heater 102 and stop battery pack 101 is heated.Switch box 104 is high tension apparatus of a large electric current of break-make, and battery manager 103 reaches the purpose that the voltage to battery pack 101 output is distributed to switch box 104 by transmitting control signal.Electric machine controller 106 is connected with switch box 104 with motor 105 respectively, and electric machine controller 106 there is first input end, the second input end and be connected to first input end and the second input end between pre-charging capacitor C2, electric machine controller 106 is for being that the voltage that electric machine controller distributes is motor 105 power supplies according to control command and switch box 104.Specifically, the DC inverter that electric machine controller 106 driving circuit inner by it provides battery pack 101 becomes the required three plase alternating current of motor 105 to power to motor 105, and the control signal that can send according to battery manager 103, realize the control to motor.The inductance of isolation inductance L 2 and the pre-charging capacitor C2 of electric machine controller are complementary.
In one embodiment of the invention, cell heater 102 carries out, after fault self-checking, testing result is sent to battery manager 103.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, cell heater comprises: the first switch module 301, the first capacitor C 1, the first inductance L 1 and second switch module 302.Wherein, an end of the first switch module 301 is connected with isolation inductance L 2 with the first electrode of battery pack 101 respectively; One end of the first capacitor C 1 is connected with the other end of the first switch module 301, and the other end of the first capacitor C 1 is connected with the second electrode of battery pack 101; One end of the first inductance L 1 is connected with the node between the first switch module 301 and the first capacitor C 1; One end of second switch module 302 is connected with the other end of the first inductance L 1, and the other end of second switch module 302 is connected with the second electrode of battery pack 101.The control end of the first switch module 301 and second switch module 302 all is connected with battery manager 103, to battery pack 101 heating the time, battery manager 103 sends a signal to cell heater 102, cell heater 102 control the first switch modules 301 and second switch module 302 successively conducting to produce successively charging current and discharge current in above-mentioned battery pack, and second switch module 302 is closed when the first switch module 301 conducting, when 302 conducting of second switch module, the first switch module 301 is closed.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, in battery pack 101, ESR is the battery pack equivalent internal resistance, and ESL is the battery pack equivalent inductance, and E is power brick.L2 is for the isolation inductance, and for heating of battery circuit Part2 and electrical motor equivalent load circuit Part5 is isolated, the inverse voltage of battery pack 101 just is isolated inductance L 2 and absorbs like this, can not be added to the rear class load.C2 is pre-charging capacitor, and R is the electrical motor equivalent load.During cell heater work, its internal switch module is closed and shutoff according to certain sequential.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, switch module can be IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor).When heating starts, internal component is as inductance, electric capacity is all in initial condition, do not have stored energy, the cell heater workflow comprises: (1) IGBT1 conducting, when IGBT2 turn-offs, power brick E is charged to the first capacitor C 1 by loop " C1-D1-ESL-ESR-E-C1 ", after charging proceeds to a period of time, the voltage at the first capacitor C 1 two ends equates with the voltage of power brick E, but owing to there being inductive element in circuit, make the first capacitor C 1 continue charging, the first capacitor C 1 both end voltage is higher than power brick E voltage, when charging current is zero, the first capacitor C 1 starts electric discharge, now discharge loop is " C1-D1-ESL-ESR-E-C1 ", until discharge current is zero.(2) IGBT1 turn-offs, and when the IGBT2 conducting, the first capacitor C 1 continues electric discharge.Wherein having discharge loop is " C1-D2-L1-IGBT2-C1 ".Due to the existence of the first inductance L 1, the first capacitor C 1 continues electric discharge, makes the first capacitor C 1 both end voltage lower than power brick E voltage.So repeat said process.
Power system according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, when the first switch module 301 conducting, if do not add isolation inductance L 2, pre-charging capacitor C2 is charged by 301 pairs of the first capacitor C 1 of the first switch module, charging current is total anti-decision in loop, cause the first capacitor C 1 current waveform uncontrollable, the heater circuit characteristic is changed, thereby causes the circuit cisco unity malfunction.Therefore when motor 105 and cell heater 102 are worked simultaneously, need add isolation inductance L 2.
In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, by changing the first capacitor C 1 to realize controlling the heating power of cell heater.Due to the electric capacity difference, in heating circuit, the peak voltage of electric capacity is different, thereby the peak value of the forward current in heating circuit and counter-current is different, so the heating power of cell heater and difference.
In another embodiment of the present invention, can also be directly control end by the first switch module and second switch module time turned on and off of changing the first switch module and second switch module than to control the heating power of cell heater.Change the dutycycle of switch module (for example IBGT), the in-service time of the positive charge in heating circuit and reverse charging and thereupon changing, and then change the heating power of cell heater.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inductance value L of isolation inductance L 2 determines according to following formula:
Figure BDA00001670182700061
Wherein, the equivalent load cycle of operations that T is motor, the capacitance that C is pre-charging capacitor C2.
In one embodiment of the invention, cell heater 102 also comprises the power connector, for connecting and stationary power line 109.This power connector need to meet anti-eddy current requirement, and, because cell heater 102 on period curent change frequencies are very fast, cause the magnetic permeable material temperature rise of power connector inside very fast, so the permeability of power connector is low.In addition, cell heater 102 also comprises a low pressure connector, for being connected with external system and communication, comprising the CAN line 107 for connecting battery manager 103 and self-test signal line and breakdown signal line.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, in one embodiment of the invention, isolation inductance L 2 is placed on cell heater 102 inside.As shown in Figure 4, cell heater 102 inside comprise isolation inductance L 2, insure 401 and temperature booster self electricity consumption device.In addition, cell heater 102 also comprises four power connectors, and wherein two are connected with battery pack 101 by power line 109, and two other power connector is connected with switch box 104 by power line 109, as shown in Figure 2.In one embodiment of the invention, the power connector is for top and the end of high-voltage wiring harness.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, isolation inductance L 2 is arranged on cell heater 102 inside, and its advantage is when not needing heating of battery, can pull down cell heater 102 is whole, directly makes switch box 104 be connected with battery pack 101.The local electronlmobil higher at temperature be without the external battery temperature booster, and, in cold place, cell heater is installed, therefore when automobile development without for adapting to sales territory, doing too many change, greatly be conducive to save cost.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, isolation inductance L 2 also can be placed on switch box 104 inside.Be understandable that, isolation inductance L 2 is no matter be placed in cell heater or, in switch box, it is all between battery pack and switch box.As shown in Figure 1, between switch box 104 and cell heater 102, do not have power line to connect, specifically, battery pack 101 comprises four power connectors, be connected with switch box 104 by two power lines 112, then be connected with cell heater 102 by other two power lines 112.But, need to increase a relay 501, as the on-off system of isolation inductance L 2, as shown in Figure 5.Between cell heater 102 and switch box 104, it is relation in parallel.In addition, insure 401 and be arranged on battery pack 101 inside.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, isolation inductance L 2 is arranged on switch box 104 inside, and its advantage is that the impact of the suffered cell heater 102 of switch box 104 greatly reduces.In addition, when heating of battery, relay 501 is isolation inductance L 2 incircuits; When battery does not heat, relay 501 shifts out circuit to isolation inductance L 2.
In one embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the cell heater 102 in the power system of electronlmobil also comprises cooling module 110, for the first switch module 301 to cell heater 102 and second switch module 302, carries out cooling.
In one embodiment of the invention, cooling module 110 further comprises the air channel be arranged in cell heater and the fan that is arranged on air channel one end.Cell heater adopts fan to be dispelled the heat.
In another embodiment of the present invention, cooling module 110 further comprises and is arranged on the coolant channel in cell heater and is arranged on cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet on cell heater.
The cell heater that adopts refrigerant fluid to be dispelled the heat, good heat dissipation effect, and sealing property is excellent.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 6, the switch box 104 in the power system of electronlmobil further comprises: main contactor 601 and preliminary filling contactless switch 602.Wherein, main contactor 601 is under the control at battery manager 103, the output voltage of switch box 104 being dispensed to the consumer of electronlmobil, as motor 105 etc.One of them is connected the first input end 603 of preliminary filling contactless switch 602 and electric machine controller 106 and the second input end 604, and in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, preliminary filling contactless switch 602 is connected with first input end 603.Be understandable that, preliminary filling contactless switch 602 also can be connected with the second input end 604 in other embodiment.Preliminary filling contactless switch 602, under the control at battery manager 103, before electric machine controller 106 is controlled motor 105 startups, is pre-charging capacitor C2 charging.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the dump energy (also can be described as state-of-charge SOC, State Of Charge) of battery pack, during higher than the driving power threshold, allow electronlmobil to enter the driving heating mode, wherein, the driving power threshold is higher than above-mentioned parking power threshold.
The driving heating specifically refers to and heats to battery pack except cell heater, other high pressure consumer of electronlmobil also can be worked simultaneously, such as motor, air-conditioning etc., but motor and air-conditioning can be by the limit Power operations.Accordingly, the heating of stopping refers to and heats to battery pack except cell heater, other high pressure consumer of electronlmobil is not worked, and for example, when temperature booster is worked, the high pressure consumers such as motor, air-conditioning are not worked.Correspondingly, the driving power threshold refers to the dump energy of battery pack while allowing electronlmobil to enter the driving heating mode, and the parking electric weight refers to the dump energy of battery pack while allowing electronlmobil to enter the parking heating mode.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 7, when any one of following condition meets, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of driving a vehicle:
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the first power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the second power threshold, and wherein, the second power threshold is lower than the first power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 3rd power threshold, and wherein, the 3rd power threshold is lower than the second power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 4th power threshold, and wherein, the 4th power threshold is lower than the 3rd power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold, the 5th temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively, and the first power threshold, the second power threshold, the 3rd power threshold, the 4th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, specifically, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, if and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 8th power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of driving a vehicle; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 7th power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of driving a vehicle; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 6th power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of driving a vehicle; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 5th power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of driving a vehicle.Wherein, the 7th temperature threshold is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the 8th temperature threshold is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the 9th temperature threshold is higher than the 8th temperature threshold; The 6th power threshold is lower than the 5th power threshold, and the 7th power threshold is lower than the 6th power threshold, and the 8th power threshold is lower than the 7th power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the 6th temperature threshold, the 7th temperature threshold, the 8th temperature threshold, the 9th temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ respectively, and the 5th power threshold, the 6th power threshold, the 7th power threshold, the 8th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the dump energy of battery pack, during lower than above-mentioned driving power threshold and higher than above-mentioned parking power threshold, allow electronlmobil to enter the parking heating mode.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 7, when any one of following condition meets, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of stopping:
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 9th power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the tenth power threshold, and wherein, the tenth power threshold is lower than the 9th power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than 11 power threshold, and wherein, the 11 power threshold is lower than the tenth power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than 12 power threshold, and wherein, the 12 power threshold is lower than the 11 power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, the tenth temperature threshold, the 11 temperature threshold, the 12 temperature threshold, the 13 temperature threshold, the 14 temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively, and the 9th power threshold, the tenth power threshold, the 11 power threshold, the 12 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, specifically, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 16 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of stopping; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 15 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of stopping; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 14 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of stopping; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 13 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater to the battery pack heating of stopping.Wherein, the 16 temperature threshold is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the 17 temperature threshold is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the 18 temperature threshold is higher than the 17 temperature threshold; The 14 power threshold is lower than the 13 power threshold, and the 15 power threshold is lower than the 14 power threshold, and the 16 power threshold is lower than the 15 power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the 15 temperature threshold, the 16 temperature threshold, the 17 temperature threshold, the 18 temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ respectively, and the 13 power threshold, the 14 power threshold, the 15 power threshold, the 16 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
Power system according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, battery manager can be heated battery pack with driving heating mode or parking heating mode by real time temperature and the dump energy control cell heater of battery pack, control accuracy is thinner, is easy to realize.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, battery manager is also for after the control cell heater is heated battery pack, if chaufeur is pressed heat button again, and keep a Preset Time, judge whether the operation of again pressing heat button meets pre-conditioned, if judgement meets, further according to temperature and the dump energy of battery pack, electronlmobil and/or cell heater are controlled.Specifically, if the temperature of battery pack lower than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager sends and forbids electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; If the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager control cell heater stops battery pack being heated.Say further, if the temperature of battery pack higher than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, and the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the first driving power threshold, battery manager sends and forbids electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the first driving power threshold, and the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, and battery manager allows electronlmobil limit power to travel.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-20 ℃, and the first driving power threshold can be 25% of the total electric weight of battery pack.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 10, whether battery manager has also reached predetermined threshold value for the current throttle change in depth speed that judges electronlmobil, and when judgement reaches predetermined threshold value, control cell heater and stop battery pack being heated, battery pack is only given electric automobile during traveling and vehicular electrical appliance power supply.Be understandable that, throttle change in depth speed is determine according to the throttle change in depth value of electronlmobil within a certain period of time, that is to say, whether the chaufeur basis variation of the throttle degree of depth is within a certain period of time controlled cell heater and battery pack is heated.In an example of the present invention, if electronlmobil goes up a slope or anxious accelerator finishes, battery manager is controlled cell heater and is continued battery pack is heated; If also do not finish, to control cell heater and stop battery pack being heated, battery pack is only given electric automobile during traveling and vehicular electrical appliance power supply.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 10, battery manager is also for judging whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time (T1), and, when judgement reaches the first Preset Time, the control cell heater stops battery pack being heated.Simultaneously, battery manager also, for after the control cell heater stops battery pack being heated, calculates standing time, and, when standing time reaches the second Preset Time (T2), again starts cell heater battery pack is heated.
In another embodiment of the present invention, battery manager, for according to the real time temperature of battery pack, the horsepower output of cell heater being adjusted, is heated battery pack to enter different heating procedures.Specifically, as shown in figure 10, when the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the first power, battery pack is heated; When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the second power, battery pack is heated; When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax during lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the 3rd power, battery pack is heated; When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the 4th power, battery pack is heated.In an example of the present invention, the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value, the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize battery pack heavy-current discharge on car, electrokinetic cell self internal resistance heating, reach the purpose to the battery pack heating.This power system is without additional power source, heating required electric weight is provided by battery pack own fully, by battery manager and cell heater, battery pack is heated to management, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil is used at low temperature environment, and can realize the heating of driving limit, electronlmobil limit, can in heating of battery, can meet electronlmobil limit Power operation, meet the client and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, this power system directly heats battery, and the efficiency of heating surface is higher, and cost is lower, practical, easily carries out industrialization.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention discloses a kind of electronlmobil, comprises the power system of above-mentioned electronlmobil.This vehicle can normally travel in cold area, on one side and can drive a vehicle, Yi Bian battery pack is heated, thus safety driving smoothly guaranteed.
Below with reference to Fig. 7 to Figure 11, the heating of battery method according to the electronlmobil of third aspect present invention embodiment is described.
As shown in figure 11, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S1101: detect the temperature of battery pack and the dump energy of battery pack;
Step S1102: when the temperature of battery pack lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and battery pack during higher than the parking power threshold, it is the battery pack heating that battery manager take according to the temperature of battery pack the heating power of adjusting cell heater, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of electronlmobil in when heating driving, and, after current throttle change in depth speed has reached predetermined threshold value, control cell heater and stop battery pack being heated;
Step S1103: if current throttle change in depth speed does not reach predetermined threshold value, control cell heater and continue battery pack is heated;
Step S1104: when the temperature of battery pack, lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and battery pack during lower than the parking power threshold, battery manager sends forbids electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging;
Step S1105: when the temperature of battery pack during higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, the main contactor closure in the battery manager distribution control box.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S701: ON electricity on car load.
Step S702: whether detect battery pack temperature lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.The temperature of battery pack in the battery manager inspection vehicle, if battery pack temperature higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, battery pack does not need heating, execution step S703; If lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, need to detect the electric weight of battery pack, execution step S704.
Step S703: the main contactor closure in the battery manager distribution control box.Before the main contactor closure, described battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, then controls the adhesive main contactor.
Step S704: battery manager is different with dump energy according to the temperature of battery pack, judges whether to meet heating and riving condition.Particularly, if the dump energy of battery pack, higher than the driving power threshold, allows electronlmobil to enter the driving heating mode; If the dump energy of battery pack lower than the driving power threshold and higher than the parking power threshold, allows electronlmobil to enter the parking heating mode.Wherein, the driving power threshold is higher than the parking power threshold.
Step S705: whether be the driving heating.If battery manager needs further to calculate temperature and the dump energy of battery pack, execution step S706; If not, perform step S707.
Step S706 comprises:
When the temperature of battery pack, during lower than the first temperature threshold, battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the temperature of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the first power threshold, and battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, and carries out next step S710; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the first power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the second power threshold, and battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, and carries out next step S710, wherein, the second power threshold is lower than the first power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the second power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 3rd power threshold, and battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, and carries out next step S710, wherein, the 3rd power threshold is lower than the second power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 3rd power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 4th power threshold, and battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, and carries out next step S710, wherein, the 4th power threshold is lower than the 3rd power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 4th power threshold, performs step S709.
Step 707: the heating of stopping.Carry out next step S708.
Step S708 comprises:
When the temperature of battery pack, during lower than the tenth temperature threshold, battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the temperature of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the 9th power threshold, and battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, and carries out next step S710; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 9th power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than the tenth power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, carry out next step S710, wherein, the tenth power threshold is lower than the 9th power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the tenth power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than 11 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, carry out next step S710, wherein, the 11 power threshold is lower than the tenth power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 11 power threshold, performs step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is during higher than 12 power threshold, battery manager is controlled cell heater battery pack is heated, carry out next step S710, wherein, the 12 power threshold is lower than the 11 power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 12 power threshold, performs step S709.
Step S709: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the dump energy of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S710: before heating, whether the cell heater self check has fault.If trouble free, heating is normally carried out, execution step S711; If fault is arranged, execution step S712.
Step S711: battery pack is heated.In heat process, also need to perform step S713.
Step S712: the cell heater fault, car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S713: whether the heating system self check has fault.If trouble free, heating is normally carried out, execution step S714; If fault is arranged, execution step S715.
Step S714: whether heating completes.If complete, send the CAN message to cell heater, allow cell heater quit work, execution step S716; If do not complete, execution step S711.
Step S715: the heating system fault stops battery pack being heated.
Step S716: heating finishes.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, the first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 ℃, the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold, the 5th temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively, and the first power threshold, the second power threshold, the 3rd power threshold, the 4th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively; The tenth temperature threshold, the 11 temperature threshold, the 12 temperature threshold, the 13 temperature threshold, the 14 temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively, and the 9th power threshold, the tenth power threshold, the 11 power threshold, the 12 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, particularly, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil also can comprise the following steps:
Step S801: ON electricity on car load.
Step S802: whether detect battery pack temperature lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.The temperature of battery pack in the battery manager inspection vehicle, if battery pack temperature higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, battery pack does not need heating, execution step S803; If lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, need to detect the electric weight of battery pack, execution step S804.
Step S803: the main contactor closure in the battery manager distribution control box.Before the main contactor closure, described battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, then controls the adhesive main contactor.
Step S804: battery manager is different with dump energy according to the temperature of battery pack, judges whether to meet heating and riving condition.Particularly, if the dump energy of battery pack, higher than the driving power threshold, allows electronlmobil to enter the driving heating mode; If the dump energy of battery pack lower than the driving power threshold and higher than the parking power threshold, allows electronlmobil to enter the parking heating mode.Wherein, the driving power threshold is higher than the parking power threshold.
Step S805: whether be the driving heating.If battery manager needs further to calculate temperature and the dump energy of battery pack, execution step S806; If not, perform step S807.
Step S806 comprises:
Battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack carries out next step S810 higher than the 8th power threshold, if the dump energy of battery pack performs step S809 lower than the 8th power threshold; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 7th power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack performs step S809 lower than the 7th power threshold; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 6th power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack performs step S809 lower than the 6th power threshold; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 5th power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack performs step S809 lower than the 5th power threshold; If the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 6th temperature threshold, battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the temperature of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.Wherein, the 7th temperature threshold is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the 8th temperature threshold is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the 9th temperature threshold is higher than the 8th temperature threshold; The 6th power threshold is lower than the 5th power threshold, and the 7th power threshold is lower than the 6th power threshold, and the 8th power threshold is lower than the 7th power threshold.
Step 807: the heating of stopping.Carry out next step S808.
Step S808 comprises:
Battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is carried out next step S810 higher than the 16 power threshold, if the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 16 power threshold, performs step S809; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 15 power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 15 power threshold, performs step S809; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 14 power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 14 power threshold, performs step S809; If not, battery manager further judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 13 power threshold, carry out next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack, lower than the 13 power threshold, performs step S809; If the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 15 temperature threshold, battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the temperature of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.Wherein, the 16 temperature threshold is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the 17 temperature threshold is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the 18 temperature threshold is higher than the 17 temperature threshold; The 14 power threshold is lower than the 13 power threshold, and the 15 power threshold is lower than the 14 power threshold, and the 16 power threshold is lower than the 15 power threshold.
Step S809: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the dump energy of battery pack is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S810: before heating, whether the cell heater self check has fault.If trouble free, heating is normally carried out, execution step S811; If fault is arranged, execution step S812.
Step S811: battery pack is heated.In heat process, also need to perform step S813.
Step S812: the cell heater fault, car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S813: whether the heating system self check has fault.If trouble free, heating is normally carried out, execution step S814; If fault is arranged, execution step S815.
Step S814: whether heating completes.If complete, send the CAN message to cell heater, allow cell heater quit work, execution step S816; If do not complete, execution step S811.
Step S815: the heating system fault stops battery pack being heated.
Step S816: heating finishes.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 ℃, the 6th temperature threshold, the 7th temperature threshold, the 8th temperature threshold, the 9th temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ respectively, and the 5th power threshold, the 6th power threshold, the 7th power threshold, the 8th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively; The 15 temperature threshold, the 16 temperature threshold, the 17 temperature threshold, the 18 temperature threshold can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ respectively, and the 13 power threshold, the 14 power threshold, the 15 power threshold, the 16 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electric weight of battery pack respectively.
Heating of battery method according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, battery manager can be heated battery pack with driving heating mode or parking heating mode by real time temperature and the dump energy control cell heater of battery pack, control accuracy is thinner, is easy to realize.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, further, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S901: ON electricity on car load.
Step S902: the temperature and the dump energy that detect battery pack.
Step S903: battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, and controls the adhesive main contactor.Car load travels by normal strategy.Specifically, the preliminary filling contactless switch in the battery manager distribution control box is closed is the pre-charging capacitor charging, and turn-offs the preliminary filling contactless switch after the pre-charging capacitor charging.
Step S904: whether battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, execution step S905; If not, perform step S903.
Step S905: whether battery manager calculates electric weight higher than the driving power threshold.If so, perform step S907; If not, perform step S906.
Step S906: whether battery manager calculates electric weight higher than the parking power threshold.If so, perform step S907; If not, perform step S908.Wherein, the driving power threshold is higher than the parking power threshold.
Step S907: the user is confirmed whether to need heating.If so, perform step S909; If not, perform step S910.
Step S908: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument battery electric quantity is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S909: before heating, whether the cell heater self check exists fault.If so, perform step S911; If not, perform step S912.
Step S910: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the user does not allow heating, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S911: battery manager stops power supply being provided and sending message to cell heater, and photos and sending messages shows " heating system fault " to instrument, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S912: battery manager sends heating signal to cell heater, starts heating.
Step S913: battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, and after controlling the adhesive main contactor, enters the car load heating, and heating system detects oneself state always.Specifically, battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of electronlmobil, calculate Current Temperatures and the dump energy of battery pack, and calculate the maximum permission horsepower output of battery pack and allow output power electronlmobil limit power to travel according to maximum.
Step S914: whether the user presses heat button, and keeps Preset Time.If so, perform step S915; If not, perform step S920.In an example of the present invention, Preset Time can be 2 seconds.
Step S915: whether the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S916; If not, perform step S917.
Step S916: car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S917: whether the electric weight of battery pack is higher than the first driving power threshold.If so, perform step S918; If not, perform step S919.
Step S918: allow electronlmobil limit power to travel.
Step S919: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the user stops heating, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S920: heating system fault whether in heat process.If so, perform step S921; If not, perform step S922.
Step S921: cell heater quits work, the instrument display alarm.Car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S922: whether battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S925; If not, perform step S923.
Step S923: whether the single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S925; If not, perform step S924.
Step S924: whether continuous heating surpasses the time of heat threshold value.If so, perform step S925; If not, perform step S913.
Step S925: heated, cell heater quits work.
In an example of the present invention, the first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 ℃, and the second heating-up temperature threshold value can be 20 ℃, and the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-20 ℃, the first driving power threshold can be 25% of the total electric weight of battery pack, and the time of heat threshold value can be 20 minutes.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 10, further, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil can also comprise the following steps:
Step S1001: ON electricity on car load.
Step S1002: the temperature and the dump energy that detect battery pack.
Step S1003: battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, and controls the adhesive main contactor.Car load travels by normal strategy.
Step S1004: whether battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, execution step S1005; If not, perform step S1003.
Step S1005: whether battery manager calculates electric weight higher than the driving power threshold.If so, perform step S1008; If not, perform step S1006.
Step S1006: whether battery manager calculates electric weight higher than the parking power threshold.If so, perform step S1008; If not, perform step S1007.
Step S1007: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument battery electric quantity is too low, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1008: the user is confirmed whether to need heating.If so, perform step S1009; If not, perform step S1010.
Step S1009: before heating, whether the cell heater self check exists fault.If so, perform step S1011; If not, perform step S1012.
Step S1010: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the user does not allow heating, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1011: battery manager stops power supply being provided and sending message to cell heater, and photos and sending messages shows " heating system fault " to instrument, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1012: battery manager sends heating signal to cell heater, starts heating.
Step S1013: battery manager is controlled adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, and after controlling the adhesive main contactor, enters the car load heating, and heating system detects oneself state always.Specifically, battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of electronlmobil, calculate Current Temperatures and the dump energy of battery pack, and calculate the maximum permission horsepower output of battery pack and allow output power electronlmobil limit power to travel according to maximum.
Step S1014: the temperature difference according to battery pack enters different heating procedures.Battery manager is adjusted the horsepower output of cell heater according to the temperature of battery pack, carries out next step S1015.
Step S1015 comprises particularly:
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the first power, battery pack is heated;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the second power, battery pack is heated;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax during lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the 3rd power, battery pack is heated;
When the temperature of battery pack, higher than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value during lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is controlled cell heater and with the 4th power, battery pack is heated.
Step S1016: battery manager, according to the throttle deep message, judges whether that throttle degree of depth instantaneous variation reaches predetermined threshold value.If so, perform step S1017; If not, perform step S1019.
Step S1017: cell heater quits work, and battery pack is only travelled to car load and the vehicular electrical appliance power supply.
Step S1018: check that car load goes up a slope or whether anxious the acceleration finishes.If so, perform step S1013; If not, perform step S1017.
Step S1019: battery manager judges whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time (T1).If so, perform step S1020; If not, perform step S1021.
Step S1020: cell heater quits work, and battery manager judges whether standing time reaches the second Preset Time (T2).If so, perform step S1013; If not, continue execution step S1020.
Step S1021: whether the user presses heat button, and keeps Preset Time.If so, perform step S1022; If not, perform step S1027.In an example of the present invention, Preset Time can be 2 seconds.
Step S1022: whether the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S1023; If not, perform step S1024.
Step S1023: car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1024: whether the electric weight of battery pack is higher than the first driving power threshold.If so, perform step S1025; If not, perform step S1026.
Step S1025: allow electronlmobil limit power to travel.
Step S1026: battery manager sends information and shows that to instrument the user stops heating, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1027: heating system fault whether in heat process.If so, perform step S1028; If not, perform step S1029.
Step S1028: cell heater quits work, the instrument display alarm.Car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
Step S1029: whether battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S1032; If not, perform step S1030.
Step S1030: whether the single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, perform step S1032; If not, perform step S1031.
Step S1031: whether continuous heating surpasses the time of heat threshold value.If so, perform step S1032; If not, perform step S1013.
Step S1032: heated, cell heater quits work.
In an example of the present invention, the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value, the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-30 ℃ ,-25 ℃ ,-20 ℃ ,-15 ℃ ,-10 ℃ respectively, the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-20 ℃, the first driving power threshold can be 25% of the total electric weight of battery pack, the first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 ℃, the second heating-up temperature threshold value can be 20 ℃, and the time of heat threshold value can be 20 minutes.
In sum, specifically, on car load, after the ON electricity, battery manager is started working, and detects the temperature of battery pack and the break-make situation of the interior main contactor of switch box.The mean temperature that the temperature of battery pack is battery pack 101, battery manager is sampled to the temperature of each battery modules in battery pack by the battery information collector, gather the temperature value of every batteries in battery pack, calculate the temperature of all batteries in battery pack.If battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and the battery pack dump energy is higher than the parking power threshold, and the user presses heat button simultaneously, and keeps 2 seconds, and battery manager sends message by CAN alignment cell heater, allows the car load heating.Before the driving heating starts, namely, before machine operation, battery manager transmits control signal to switch box, control the adhesive of preliminary filling contactless switch, make battery pack to pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, after pre-charging capacitor voltage approaches battery voltage, just allow machine operation.
Wherein, heat button is arranged on gauge panel, controls the switch of cell heater as the user.Press this button and allow cell heater work, prerequisite is to meet the temperature of battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than these two conditions of parking power threshold; If press once this button again, and keep 2 seconds, cell heater is forced to quit work.
The switch box main contactor is positioned at switch box inside, for the power supply of power on/off machine controller.If dump energy is higher than the driving power threshold, battery manager sends control signals to switch box, controls the main contactor adhesive, allows machine operation.The DC inverter that electric machine controller provides battery pack by driving circuit becomes the required three plase alternating current of motor, to the motor power supply, and allows car load limit power to travel.
The preliminary filling contactless switch also is positioned at switch box inside, and with pre-charging capacitor, C2 connects.Especially, before machine operation to pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, be because:
1. the preliminary filling process can be avoided rush of current, sintering while preventing the main contactor adhesive.The current-limiting resistance of connecting between pre-charging capacitor and preliminary filling contactless switch, after preliminary filling completes, battery manager is controlled the main contactor adhesive, then disconnects the preliminary filling contactless switch.
2. motor starting current within the short time just started is larger, can drag down the voltage of whole battery pack, therefore first gives pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, makes its voltage and battery voltage close, restarts motor.Because capacitance voltage moment can not suddenly change, thus by it together with motor parallel, reduce the impact of electric motor starting on battery voltage.
Cell heater, after receiving the permission heating signal sended over by battery manager, starts self system is carried out to self check, starts self check and whether has the system failure.In an example of the present invention, whether the single impulse checking cell heater that the cell heater transmission is 1 0.5 millisecond exists fault.As cell heater is not found fault, cell heater sends control wave (for example the cycle is 20 milliseconds, 20% dutycycle) control the internal switch module circuit, make the short circuit of battery pack short time, reach the purpose to the battery pack heating, simultaneously cell heater sends the CAN signal to instrument, and after instrument receives this signal, instrument shows " electrokinetic cell add hanker ".
In the process of battery pack heating, battery manager and cell heater detect respectively the battery pack state always, if the temperature of battery pack detected under normal circumstances higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, or the continuous heating time surpasses the time of heat threshold value, or the highest single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value, cell heater stops the transmitted control signal to switch module, stops battery pack being heated.Cell heater sends the CAN signal to instrument, and instrument shows " heating completes " after receiving this signal, and now car load battery pack heat process finishes.In example of the present invention, as preferably, in battery pack heat process, in order to prevent the heating schedule repeated priming, while battery pack temperature being detected higher than 5 ℃ of the first temperature thresholds, stop battery pack being heated.
Workflow under normal trouble free situation is as above described.
If the battery pack temperature that battery manager detects is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, battery manager is according to the startup strategy work of car load under normal temperature; If battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and battery dump energy is lower than the parking power threshold, main contactor is in attracting state not, battery manager sends the CAN signal to cell heater and instrument, do not allow the battery pack heating, after instrument receives this signal, show " battery pack dump energy deficiency ", now car load does not allow heating, travels and charge.
If any one in cell heater fault, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overheating protection, pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time occur in the cell heater process of self-test; do not allow to heat to battery pack; cell heater sends breakdown signal; instrument receives this signal and shows " heating system fault ", does not now allow heating.
Any one in cell heater fault, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overheating protection, pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time appears in to battery pack heat process at cell heater; cell heater stops heating to battery pack; and transmission breakdown signal; instrument receives this signal and shows " heating system fault ", and this time battery pack heating is ended.
In an example of the present invention, for the above-mentioned fault type of mentioning, further, the protection circuit that cell heater inside is made has following description:
1) failure reset circuit.When breakdown signal is arranged, IGBT cut-off, inner ERROR(fault) pin is low level, by optocoupler, breakdown signal exported to the output of pin ERROUT(fault) be low level.If think the de-preservation state, PWM(Pulse Width Modulation, pulse width modulation) ripple should remain high level 2 seconds, the breakdown signal that resets, circuit recovers normal working.If can not reset in 2 seconds, illustrate that circuit has produced permanent fault, cisco unity malfunction.
2) pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time.For guaranteeing the inner IGBT discharge module normal operation of cell heater, by DSP(Digital Signal Processor, digital signal processor) impulse rate that sends can not be too fast, and the pulsewidth time can not be oversize.For example, the pulse width maximum can be 5 milliseconds, and the interval minimum can be the 7-10 millisecond, otherwise breakdown signal output is arranged.
3) secondary power supply produces.In an example of the present invention, the inner IGBT of cell heater drives and adopts the DC-to-DC insulating power supply, and the voltage recommendation of gate pole positive bias can be+15V, and negative bias can be-7V.Negative bias can accelerate to turn-off IGBT, and prevents that surge current is excessive and cause IGBT to mislead.
4) under-voltage protection.Under-voltage protecting circuit is mainly the problems such as the inner IGBT power consumption of cell heater increase in order to prevent from causing due to the driving voltage deficiency.During to the first voltage threshold, under-voltage protection appears when cell heater internal power supply control circuit voltage drop.In an example of the present invention, the first voltage threshold can be 9V.
5) overheat protector.Overheating protection circuit can prevent that excess Temperature from causing the damage to IGBT, is mainly to carry out temperature sampling by thermally dependent resistor, occurs overheating protection during higher than the safety temperature threshold value when the module baseplate temp.Whether this circuit can also open a way for detection of thermally dependent resistor, when thermally dependent resistor is opened a way, and this resistance infinity of equivalence, output protection signal.In an example of the present invention, the safety temperature threshold value can be 85 ℃.
6) overvoltage protection.Because usually there is larger inductance in discharge loop, when IGBT turn-offs, collecting electrode can inspire very high potential, therefore between the collector and emitter of IGBT parallel connection high-voltage capacitance.Overvoltage protective module is mainly to prevent that IGBT collecting electrode transient voltage when turn-offing is too high, causes the IGBT overvoltage and burns out, and when collector voltage surpasses the second voltage threshold value, the output protection signal.In an example of the present invention, the second voltage threshold value can be 800V.
In heating system heat process, if the user presses suddenly heat button, and keep 2 seconds, cell heater stops, to the battery pack heating, not allowing battery pack is charged, and does not also allow running car.
Heating of battery method according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, can make pure electric automobile disobey outer power supply and realize the heating to battery pack, battery pack temperature is risen to temperature required, again according to normal electric discharge and charging strategy use battery pack, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil is used at low temperature environment, can meet the client and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, the method of the embodiment of the present invention is by the throttle change in depth speed of sampling electronlmobil, whether the horsepower output that judges battery pack is excessive, thereby stop battery pack being heated when the horsepower output of battery pack is excessive, avoid thus the electric weight of battery pack to cross and put, improved battery pack service life and guaranteed the dynamic property of electronlmobil.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the characteristics of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or characteristics can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is by claims and be equal to and limit.

Claims (30)

1. the power system of an electronlmobil, is characterized in that, comprising:
Battery pack;
Cell heater, described cell heater is connected with described battery pack, and described cell heater is configured to described battery pack is discharged and recharged to described battery pack is heated;
Battery manager, described battery manager is connected with described cell heater with described battery pack respectively, for in the temperature of described battery pack lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack during higher than the parking power threshold, take according to the temperature of described battery pack the heating power of adjusting described cell heater heats as described battery pack, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of described electronlmobil in when heating driving, and after described current throttle change in depth speed has reached predetermined threshold value, controlling described cell heater stops described battery pack is heated,
Switch box, described switch box is distributed for the voltage to described battery pack output;
Motor;
Electric machine controller, described electric machine controller is connected with described switch box with described motor respectively, and described electric machine controller there is first input end, the second input end and be connected to described first input end and the second input end between pre-charging capacitor, described electric machine controller is described motor power supply for the voltage distributed according to control command and described switch box; And
The isolation inductance, described isolation inductance is connected between described battery pack and described switch box, and the described pre-charging capacitor coupling of the inductance of described isolation inductance and described electric machine controller.
2. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described battery manager is also for judging whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time, and, when judgement reaches described the first Preset Time, controls described cell heater and stop described battery pack is heated.
3. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described battery manager is also for after the described cell heater of control stops described battery pack is heated, calculate standing time, and, when described standing time reaches the second Preset Time, again start described cell heater described battery pack is heated.
4. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the first power, described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the second power, described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the hot temperature threshold of described slender acanthopanax and lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the 3rd power, described battery pack is heated; Perhaps
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the 4th power, described battery pack is heated.
5. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described battery manager is also for after the described cell heater of control is heated described battery pack, if chaufeur is pressed heat button again, judge whether the operation of again pressing described heat button meets pre-conditioned, if judgement meets, further according to temperature and the dump energy of described battery pack, described electronlmobil and/or described cell heater are controlled.
6. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and is stopped described battery pack is heated.
7. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
If the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than the first driving power threshold, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And
If the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than described the first driving power threshold, and the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager allows described electronlmobil limit power to travel.
8. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the inductance value L of described isolation inductance determines according to following formula:
Figure FDA00001670182600021
Wherein, the equivalent load cycle of operations that T is described motor, the capacitance that C is described pre-charging capacitor.
9. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cell heater carries out, after fault self-checking, testing result is sent to described battery manager.
10. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cell heater further comprises:
The first switch module, an end of described the first switch module is connected with described isolation inductance with the first electrode of described battery pack respectively;
The first electric capacity, an end of described the first electric capacity is connected with the other end of described the first switch module, and the other end of described the first electric capacity is connected with the second electrode of described battery pack;
The first inductance, an end of described the first inductance is connected with the node between described the first switch module and described the first electric capacity;
The second switch module, one end of described second switch module is connected with the other end of described the first inductance, and the other end of described second switch module is connected with the second electrode of described battery pack, the control end of described the first switch module and second switch module all is connected with described battery manager, to described battery pack heating the time, described battery manager sends a signal to described cell heater, described cell heater control described the first switch module and second switch module successively conducting to produce successively charging current and discharge current in described battery pack, and described second switch module is closed when described the first switch module conducting, when described second switch module conducting, described the first switch module is closed.
11. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, by changing described the first electric capacity to realize controlling the heating power of described cell heater.
12. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, the time turned on and off that the control end by described the first switch module and second switch module changes described the first switch module and second switch module is than to control the heating power of described cell heater.
13. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described cell heater also comprises:
Cooling module, carry out cooling for the first switch module to described cell heater and second switch module.
14. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, described cooling module further comprises:
Be arranged on the air channel in described cell heater; And
Be arranged on the fan of described air channel one end.
15. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, described cooling module further comprises:
Be arranged on the coolant channel in described cell heater; And
Be arranged on cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet on described cell heater.
16. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cell heater also comprises:
The power connector, for connecting and fixing the power line be connected with described battery pack.
17. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described switch box further comprises:
Main contactor, described main contactor for being dispensed to the output voltage of described switch box the consumer of described electronlmobil under the control of described battery manager; And
The preliminary filling contactless switch, one of them is connected the first input end and the second input end of described preliminary filling contactless switch and described electric machine controller, described preliminary filling contactless switch, under the control of described battery manager, was described pre-charging capacitor charging before the described electric motor starting of described motor controller controls.
18. an electronlmobil, is characterized in that, comprises the power system as the described electronlmobil of claim 1-17 any one.
19. the heating of battery method as electronlmobil as described in claim 1-18 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Detect the dump energy of temperature and the described battery pack of described battery pack;
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than the dump energy of the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack higher than the parking power threshold, described battery manager be take according to the temperature of described battery pack the heating power of adjusting described cell heater and is heated as described battery pack, and obtain in real time the current throttle change in depth speed of described electronlmobil in when heating driving, and, after described current throttle change in depth speed has reached predetermined threshold value, control described cell heater and stop described battery pack is heated;
If described current throttle change in depth speed does not reach predetermined threshold value, control described cell heater and continue described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the dump energy of described the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack lower than described parking power threshold, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the first heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled the main contactor closure in described switch box.
20. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Judge whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time; And
When judgement reaches described the first Preset Time, control described cell heater and stop described battery pack is heated.
21. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 20, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Calculate standing time;
Judge whether described standing time reaches the second Preset Time; And
When judgement reaches described the second Preset Time, again start described cell heater described battery pack is heated.
22. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, also comprises:
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the first power, described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the hot temperature threshold of slender acanthopanax, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the second power, described battery pack is heated;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the hot temperature threshold of described slender acanthopanax and lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the 3rd power, described battery pack is heated; Perhaps
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and with the 4th power, described battery pack is heated.
23. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, after described battery pack heats, also to comprise:
After chaufeur is pressed heat button again, whether judgement is again pressed heat button and is met pre-conditioned;
If it is described pre-conditioned that judgement meets, further according to temperature and the dump energy of described battery pack, described electronlmobil and/or described cell heater are controlled.
24. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that,
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and is stopped described battery pack is heated.
25. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 24, is characterized in that,
If the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than the first driving power threshold, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging; And
If the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the first driving power threshold, and the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the 8th heating-up temperature threshold value, and described battery manager allows described electronlmobil limit power to travel.
26. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, before described battery pack heats, also to comprise:
The preliminary filling contactless switch closure that described battery manager is controlled in described switch box is described pre-charging capacitor charging, and turn-offs described preliminary filling contactless switch after described pre-charging capacitor charging.
27. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Described cell heater carries out, after fault self-checking, testing result is sent to described battery manager, and described battery manager sends the prompting of forbidding that described electronlmobil heats, travels or charge when described cell heater breaks down.
28. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, before described battery pack heats, also to comprise:
Judge whether to receive the heating instruction of the chaufeur input of described electronlmobil;
If receive, to control described cell heater be the heating of described battery pack to described battery manager; And
If do not receive, described battery manager sends and forbids described electronlmobil heating, the prompting of travelling or charging.
29. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, after described battery pack heats, also to comprise:
Described battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of described electronlmobil;
Described battery manager calculates Current Temperatures and the dump energy of described battery pack, and calculates the maximum permission horsepower output of described battery pack; And
According to the described maximum described electronlmobil limit of the output power power that allows, travel.
30. the heating of battery method of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager is controlled described cell heater and is stopped heating,
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described the first heating-up temperature threshold value;
In described battery pack, the temperature of any single battery is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value, and described the second heating-up temperature threshold value is higher than described the first heating-up temperature threshold value; Or
The continuous heating time of described cell heater is higher than the time of heat threshold value.
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