CN103418183B - Oily sewage filter and filtering method - Google Patents
Oily sewage filter and filtering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103418183B CN103418183B CN201210156289.7A CN201210156289A CN103418183B CN 103418183 B CN103418183 B CN 103418183B CN 201210156289 A CN201210156289 A CN 201210156289A CN 103418183 B CN103418183 B CN 103418183B
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/08—Thickening liquid suspensions by filtration
- B01D17/10—Thickening liquid suspensions by filtration with stationary filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/152—Water filtration
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种大水量含油污水深度处理的含油污水过滤器及含油污水的过滤方法，属于污水处理技术领域。The invention relates to an oily sewage filter for advanced treatment of oily sewage with a large amount of water and a filtering method for oily sewage, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment.
背景技术 Background technique
工业化含油污水成分复杂，存在浮油、泥沙和含油固体物等，目前大水量含油污水深度处理主要采用双介质或多介质过滤器以及纤维球过滤器进行处理，采用这些设备进行处理时水中的所有污染物(浮油、泥沙、含有固体物)全部通过滤料吸附筛分截留，滤料饱和后进行反冲洗，反冲洗时在搅拌作用下污染物从滤料上脱离下来，比重相对较轻的污染物在水流作用下从滤器上部反冲洗出口排出，比重大的污染物不能被水带走留在滤器底部的滤料中，常时间累计后滤料开始板结，浮油不容易及时排出，处理效果降低，最终的造成出水不达标，必须更换滤料；对泥沙敏感，污水含沙高时需要配置前级除砂器做预处理，并且要求反冲洗水瞬时流量大，需要浮油和泥沙预处理投资费用相对高，滤料寿命短和反冲洗水要求流量大造成运行费用也偏高，现有滤器滤料寿命普遍在6个月左右。The composition of industrialized oily sewage is complex, including floating oil, sediment, and oily solids. Currently, the advanced treatment of large volumes of oily sewage mainly uses dual-media or multi-media filters and fiber ball filters. All pollutants (oil slicks, sediment, and solids) are all absorbed and screened through the filter material, and backwashed after the filter material is saturated. During backwashing, the pollutants are separated from the filter material under the action of stirring, and the specific gravity Light pollutants are discharged from the backwash outlet of the upper part of the filter under the action of water flow, and heavy pollutants cannot be taken away by water and remain in the filter material at the bottom of the filter. After a long time accumulation, the filter material begins to harden, and the slick oil is not easy to discharge in time , the treatment effect is reduced, and eventually the effluent does not meet the standard, and the filter material must be replaced; it is sensitive to sediment, and when the sewage has a high sediment content, it needs to be equipped with a pre-stage desander for pretreatment, and the instantaneous flow of backwash water is required to be large, and oil slicks are required. The investment cost of sediment pretreatment is relatively high, the filter material life is short and the backwash water requires a large flow rate, resulting in high operating costs. The filter material life of existing filters is generally about 6 months.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够有效减少了反冲洗水能耗和反冲洗水用量，滤料再生效果好、使用寿命长，运行费用低的含油污水过滤器及过滤方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an oily sewage filter and filtering method that can effectively reduce backwash water energy consumption and backwash water consumption, have good regeneration effect of filter material, long service life and low operating cost.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的含油污水过滤器，包括罐体以及设置在罐体中部的进水口，罐体内部设置有与罐体侧壁之间形成环形旋流区的旋流隔板，旋流隔板内侧设置有形成滤料填充区的穿孔网，穿孔网内有水平设置的并可将滤料填充区分为上下两部分的穿孔压板，滤料填充区上部和旋流区上部为浮油聚集区，滤料填充区下部为泥沙聚集区：罐体内设置有控制穿孔压板上下移动的气缸，气缸的上端安装在罐体的顶部，下端与穿孔压板连接固定；罐体的上方还设置有联通旋流区和滤料填充区的联通管道，联通管道上设置有联通油阀和排油阀；旋流区上部的浮油可通过联通管道进入滤料填充区上部的浮油聚集区内，罐体的底部设置有一个反冲洗放空口。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the oily sewage filter of the present invention includes a tank body and a water inlet arranged in the middle of the tank body, and a swirl partition plate forming an annular swirl area between the tank body and the side wall of the tank body is arranged inside the tank body, The inner side of the swirl partition is provided with a perforated net forming the filter material filling area. There is a perforated pressing plate arranged horizontally in the perforated net and can divide the filter material filling area into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the filter material filling area and the upper part of the swirl area are floating The oil accumulation area, the lower part of the filter material filling area is the sediment accumulation area: a cylinder is installed in the tank to control the movement of the perforated pressure plate up and down, the upper end of the cylinder is installed on the top of the tank body, and the lower end is connected and fixed with the perforated pressure plate; There is a communication pipeline connecting the swirl area and the filter material filling area, and a communication oil valve and an oil discharge valve are installed on the communication pipeline; the floating oil in the upper part of the swirl area can enter the floating oil accumulation area above the filter material filling area through the communication pipeline , There is a backwash vent at the bottom of the tank.
所述罐体的上方还设置有界面仪。An interface instrument is also arranged above the tank body.
所述罐体下方设置有液位计。A liquid level gauge is arranged below the tank body.
所述气缸为多级气缸，所述罐体的外设置有连接多级气缸的封头吊臂。The cylinder is a multi-stage cylinder, and the outside of the tank body is provided with a head boom connected to the multi-stage cylinder.
所述滤料填充区内还设置有出水集水系统。An outlet water collection system is also provided in the filter material filling area.
所述出水集水系统包括设置在滤料填充区内部的集水器，所述集水器的下端连接有伸出罐体外的出水管，所述出水管上还设置有气动马达。The water outlet and collection system includes a water collector arranged inside the filter material filling area, the lower end of the water collector is connected with a water outlet pipe protruding from the outside of the tank, and an air motor is also arranged on the water outlet pipe.
所述气动马达上设置有马达进气管路和马达出气管路，所述马达进气管路和马达出气管路分别设置有马达进气阀和马达排气阀，还包括一段连接马达进气管路和马达出气管路的尾气管，尾气管和马达进气阀之间设置有一段带有进气口的管路。The air motor is provided with a motor inlet pipeline and a motor outlet pipeline, and the motor inlet pipeline and the motor outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a motor inlet valve and a motor exhaust valve, and also includes a section connecting the motor inlet pipeline and the motor outlet pipeline. The exhaust pipe of the motor outlet pipeline is provided with a section of pipeline with an air inlet between the exhaust pipe and the motor intake valve.
一种含油污水过滤器的含油污水过滤方法，包括以下步骤：A method for filtering oily sewage with an oily sewage filter, comprising the following steps:
a、预处理过程；a. Pretreatment process;
从罐体中部的进水口通入污水，使污水在旋流区进行旋转运动，在旋转作用下实现比重大的泥沙沿罐体侧壁下行到泥沙聚集区，浮油沿旋流隔板上浮到浮油聚集区，实现浮油和泥沙的预处理；The sewage is introduced from the water inlet in the middle of the tank, so that the sewage rotates in the swirl area, and under the action of the rotation, the relatively heavy sediment goes down the side wall of the tank to the sediment accumulation area, and the slick oil flows along the swirl partition. Float up to the oil slick accumulation area to realize the pretreatment of slick oil and sediment;
b、处理过程；b. Processing process;
多级气缸下压把滤料压紧，旋流区出水后通过穿孔网经过滤料并把水中大于2微米的颗粒物全部截留，过滤后的水由集水器通过出水管排出，旋流区上部的浮油通过油联通阀进入滤料填充区上部的浮油聚集区，通过设置的界面仪实时检测油层厚度控制排油阀及时把浮油排出；泥沙进入泥沙聚集区通过底部反冲洗放空口排出；The multi-stage cylinder presses down to compress the filter material. After the water comes out of the swirl area, it passes through the filter material through the perforated mesh and intercepts all the particles larger than 2 microns in the water. The filtered water is discharged from the water collector through the outlet pipe. The upper part of the swirl area The slick oil enters the oil slick accumulation area above the filter material filling area through the oil connection valve, and the oil layer thickness is detected in real time through the set interface instrument to control the oil discharge valve to discharge the slick oil in time; the sediment enters the sediment accumulation area and is discharged through the bottom backwash Mouth discharge;
c、反冲洗过程；c. Backwashing process;
①首先打开排油阀，把浮油排放完毕后关闭排油阀；① First open the oil discharge valve, and then close the oil discharge valve after the floating oil is discharged;
②打开反冲洗放空口阀门，把泥沙聚集区污染物排空完毕关闭放空口阀门；② Open the backwash vent valve, and close the vent valve after emptying the pollutants in the sediment accumulation area;
③关闭进水口停止进水，关闭出水管的出水口停止出水，用多级气缸把穿孔压板提起，再次打开排油阀，通过进气口进入压缩气体，打开进气阀把滤料搅动松散后关闭，打开气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门，通过PLC控制马达搅拌时间，设定时间结束后，关闭气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门；③ Close the water inlet to stop water intake, close the water outlet of the water outlet pipe to stop water outlet, lift the perforated pressure plate with a multi-stage cylinder, open the oil discharge valve again, enter the compressed gas through the air inlet, open the air inlet valve to stir the filter material loose Close, open the intake valve and exhaust valve of the air motor, control the stirring time of the motor through PLC, and close the intake valve and exhaust valve of the air motor after the set time is over;
④打开反冲洗放空口，把罐体内水排空，多级气缸下压把滤料内水挤压排出，挤压完毕，多级气缸上提，反冲洗放空口关闭；④ Open the backwash vent, empty the water in the tank, press down the multi-stage cylinder to squeeze out the water in the filter material, after extrusion, lift the multi-stage cylinder, and close the backwash vent;
⑤打开出水口，通过管道内水压把水压回到过滤罐内，通过界面仪控制水位，水位达到后关闭出水口阀门，然后再次打开气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门，通过PLC控制马达搅拌时间，设定时间结束后，关闭气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门；⑤Open the water outlet, press the water back into the filter tank through the water pressure in the pipeline, control the water level through the interface meter, close the water outlet valve after the water level reaches, then open the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve again, and control the motor through PLC Stirring time, after the set time is over, close the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve;
⑥再次打开反冲洗放空口，把罐体内水排空，多级气缸下压把滤料内水挤压排出，挤压完毕，多级气缸上提，反冲洗放空口关闭；⑥Open the backwash vent again to empty the water in the tank, press down the multi-stage cylinder to squeeze out the water in the filter material, after squeezing, lift the multi-stage cylinder up, and close the backwash vent;
⑦反冲洗完毕，打开排油阀，多级气缸下压，打开出水口阀门，水位达到后关闭排油阀，打开进水口阀门。⑦ After the backwash is completed, open the oil discharge valve, press down the multi-stage cylinder, open the water outlet valve, close the oil discharge valve after the water level reaches, and open the water inlet valve.
采用上述的结构和方法后，由于本发明针对含油污水特点对过滤器设计浮油和泥沙去除的方案，采用旋流筛分一体化技术，使罐体内具有明细分区，使浮油、泥沙具有了明确的处置场所，因此使泥沙和浮油在不与滤料接触的情况得到有效去除，从而减少对滤料的污染，减少了反冲洗水能耗和反冲洗水用量，滤料悬空、强制搅动和反冲洗底部全放空的技术方案可以大大提高滤料的再生效果，避免了板结现象，将大大延长滤料使用寿命，减少运行费用。After adopting the above-mentioned structure and method, because the present invention is aimed at the characteristics of oily sewage, the scheme for removing slick oil and sediment is designed for the filter, and the integrated technology of swirling and screening is used to make the tank body have fine subdivisions, so that the oil slick, sediment With a clear disposal site, the sediment and slick oil can be effectively removed without contact with the filter material, thereby reducing the pollution of the filter material, reducing the energy consumption of backwash water and the amount of backwash water, and the filter material is suspended , The technical solution of forced agitation and backwashing to fully empty the bottom can greatly improve the regeneration effect of the filter material, avoid hardening, greatly extend the service life of the filter material, and reduce operating costs.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明含油污水过滤器的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the oily sewage filter of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明含油污水过滤器及含油污水的过滤方法作进一步详细说明。The oily sewage filter and the oily sewage filtering method of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图所示，本发明的含油污水过滤器，包括罐体3以及设置在罐体中部的进水口6，罐体3的上方还设置有界面仪14，罐体下方设置有液位计18；罐体3内部设置有与罐体侧壁之间形成环形旋流区的旋流隔板4，旋流隔板4内侧设置有形成滤料填充区的穿孔网5，穿孔网5内有水平设置的并可将滤料填充区分为上下两部分的穿孔压板15，滤料填充区上部和旋流区上部为浮油聚集区，滤料填充区下部为泥沙聚集区；罐体3内设置有控制穿孔压板15上下移动的可方便检修的双头多级气缸12，罐体3的外设置有连接双头多级气缸的封头吊臂13；为满足使用要求双头多级气缸至少为两级以上，双头多级气缸12的上端安装在罐体3的顶部，下端与穿孔压板15连接固定；罐体3的上方还设置有联通旋流区和滤料填充区的联通管道，所述联通管道上设置有联通油阀2和排油阀1；旋流区上部的浮油可通过联通管道进入滤料填充区上部的浮油聚集区内，罐体3的底部设置有一个反冲洗放空口20；滤料填充区内还设置有出水集水系统，出水集水系统包括设置在滤料填充区内部的集水器16，集水器16的下端连接有伸出罐体外的出水管19，出水管19上还设置有气动马达17，气动马达17上设置有马达进气管路和马达出气管路，马达进气管路和马达出气管路分别设置有马达进气阀11和马达排气阀8，还包括一段连接马达进气管路和马达出气管路的尾气管7，尾气管7和马达进气阀11之间设置有一段带有进气口10的管路，同时在这段管路上设置有进气阀9。As shown in the figure, the oily sewage filter of the present invention includes a tank body 3 and a water inlet 6 arranged in the middle of the tank body, an interface instrument 14 is arranged above the tank body 3, and a liquid level gauge 18 is arranged below the tank body; The inside of the tank body 3 is provided with a swirl partition 4 forming an annular swirl area with the side wall of the tank body. The inside of the swirl partition 4 is provided with a perforated net 5 forming a filter material filling area. The perforated pressure plate 15 that can divide the filter material filling area into upper and lower parts, the upper part of the filter material filling area and the upper part of the swirling flow area are oil slick accumulation areas, and the lower part of the filter material filling area is a sediment accumulation area; tank body 3 is provided with The double-headed multi-stage cylinder 12 that can be easily overhauled to control the up and down movement of the perforated platen 15 is provided with a head boom 13 connected to the double-headed multi-stage cylinder outside the tank body 3; the double-headed multi-stage cylinder is at least two Above the level, the upper end of the double-head multi-stage cylinder 12 is installed on the top of the tank body 3, and the lower end is connected and fixed with the perforated pressure plate 15; the top of the tank body 3 is also provided with a communication pipeline connecting the swirling flow area and the filter material filling area. Unicom oil valve 2 and oil discharge valve 1 are set on the Unicom pipeline; floating oil in the upper part of the swirl area can enter the oil floating accumulation area above the filter material filling area through the Unicom pipeline, and a backwash vent is installed at the bottom of the tank body 3 Port 20; the water outlet water collection system is also provided in the filter material filling area, and the water outlet water collection system includes a water collector 16 arranged inside the filter material filling area, and the lower end of the water collector 16 is connected with an outlet pipe 19 extending out of the tank , an air motor 17 is also provided on the water outlet pipe 19, and the air motor 17 is provided with a motor inlet pipeline and a motor outlet pipeline, and the motor inlet pipeline and the motor outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a motor inlet valve 11 and a motor exhaust valve 8. It also includes a section of exhaust pipe 7 connecting the motor intake pipeline and the motor outlet pipeline. A section of pipeline with an air inlet 10 is arranged between the exhaust pipe 7 and the motor intake valve 11. At the same time, on this section of pipeline An intake valve 9 is provided.
同时本发明的搅拌方式可以采用液压和电动搅拌，排油在没有界面仪的情况下可以采用定时排油方式。Simultaneously, the stirring method of the present invention can adopt hydraulic and electric stirring, and the oil discharge can adopt the timing oil discharge method under the situation that there is no interface instrument.
本发明的设备中由于罐体3内部设置有与罐体侧壁之间形成环形旋流区的旋流隔板4，旋流隔板4内侧设置有形成悬空滤料填充区的穿孔网5，穿孔网5内有水平设置的并可将滤料填充区分为上下两部分的穿孔压板15，滤料填充区上部和旋流区上部为浮油聚集区，滤料填充区下部为泥沙聚集区；由此设置使其采用旋流筛分一体化技术，并且罐体内具有明细分区，使浮油、泥沙具有了处置场所，针对含油污水特点对过滤器设计浮油和泥沙去除工艺，过滤器内部设计浮油聚集区并通过界面仪表控制及时排油，滤器底部设计泥沙及比重大于水的污染物聚集区，定时把泥沙排出，使泥沙和浮油在不与滤料接触的情况得到有效去除，从而减少对滤料的污染，延长了滤料使用寿命；旋流隔板4内侧设置有形成悬空滤料填充区的穿孔网5，采用滤料悬空设计，让滤料上的截留物更容易在反冲洗时从滤料表面脱离；滤料反冲洗采用气动强制搅动工艺和反冲洗水底部全放空工艺，从而减少了反冲洗水能耗和反冲洗水用量，滤料悬空、强制搅动和反冲洗底部全放空工艺的采用可以大大提高滤料的再生效果，避免了板结现象，将大大延长滤料使用寿命，减少运行费用。In the equipment of the present invention, since the inside of the tank body 3 is provided with a swirl partition 4 forming an annular swirl area with the side wall of the tank body, and the inside of the swirl partition 4 is provided with a perforated net 5 forming a filling area for suspended filter material, There is a perforated plate 15 arranged horizontally in the perforated net 5 and can divide the filter material filling area into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the filter material filling area and the upper part of the swirling flow area are oil slick accumulation areas, and the lower part of the filter material filling area is a sediment accumulation area. ;These settings make it adopt the integrated technology of swirling flow screening, and the tank body has a clear subdivision, so that the oil slick and sediment have a disposal place, and the oil slick and sediment removal process is designed for the filter according to the characteristics of oily sewage, and the filter The oil slick accumulation area is designed inside the filter and the oil is discharged in time through the control of the interface instrument. The sediment and pollutants with a specific gravity greater than water are designed to accumulate at the bottom of the filter, and the sediment is discharged regularly so that the sediment and oil slick are not in contact with the filter material. The situation is effectively removed, thereby reducing the pollution of the filter material and prolonging the service life of the filter material; the inner side of the swirl partition 4 is provided with a perforated mesh 5 forming a suspended filter material filling area, and the filter material is suspended in the air. It is easier for the intercepted substance to detach from the surface of the filter material during backwashing; the backwashing of the filter material adopts a pneumatic forced agitation process and a full emptying process at the bottom of the backwashing water, thereby reducing the energy consumption of backwashing water and the amount of backwashing water. The adoption of forced agitation and backwashing bottom full emptying process can greatly improve the regeneration effect of the filter material, avoid the hardening phenomenon, greatly prolong the service life of the filter material, and reduce operating costs.
基于本发明含油污水过滤器的含油污水过滤方法，包括以下步骤：The oily sewage filtering method based on the oily sewage filter of the present invention comprises the following steps:
a、预处理过程；a. Pretreatment process;
从罐体中部的进水口通入污水，使污水在旋流区进行旋转运动，在旋转作用下实现比重大的泥沙沿罐体侧壁下行到泥沙聚集区，浮油沿旋流隔板上浮到浮油聚集区，实现浮油和泥沙的预处理；The sewage is introduced from the water inlet in the middle of the tank, so that the sewage rotates in the swirl area, and under the action of the rotation, the relatively heavy sediment goes down the side wall of the tank to the sediment accumulation area, and the slick oil flows along the swirl partition. Float up to the oil slick accumulation area to realize the pretreatment of slick oil and sediment;
b、处理过程；b. Processing process;
多级气缸下压把滤料压紧，旋流区出水后通过穿孔网经过滤料并把水中大于2微米的颗粒物全部截留，过滤后的水由集水器通过出水管排出，旋流区上部的浮油通过油联通阀进入滤料填充区上部的浮油聚集区，通过设置的界面仪实时检测油层厚度控制排油阀及时把浮油排出；泥沙进入泥沙聚集区通过底部反冲洗放空口排出；The multi-stage cylinder presses down to compress the filter material. After the water comes out of the swirl area, it passes through the filter material through the perforated mesh and intercepts all the particles larger than 2 microns in the water. The filtered water is discharged from the water collector through the outlet pipe. The upper part of the swirl area The slick oil enters the oil slick accumulation area above the filter material filling area through the oil connection valve, and the oil layer thickness is detected in real time through the set interface instrument to control the oil discharge valve to discharge the slick oil in time; the sediment enters the sediment accumulation area and is discharged through the bottom backwash Mouth discharge;
c、反冲洗过程；c. Backwashing process;
①首先打开排油阀，把浮油排放完毕后关闭排油阀；① First open the oil discharge valve, and then close the oil discharge valve after the floating oil is discharged;
②打开反冲洗放空口阀门，把泥沙聚集区污染物排空完毕关闭放空口阀门；② Open the backwash vent valve, and close the vent valve after emptying the pollutants in the sediment accumulation area;
③关闭进水口停止进水，关闭出水管的出水口停止出水，用多级气缸把穿孔压板提起，再次打开排油阀，通过进气口进入压缩气体(天然气或氮气)，打开进气阀把滤料搅动松散后关闭，打开气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门，通过PLC控制马达搅拌时间，设定时间结束后，关闭气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门；③ Close the water inlet to stop water intake, close the water outlet of the water outlet pipe to stop water outlet, lift the perforated pressure plate with a multi-stage cylinder, open the oil discharge valve again, enter compressed gas (natural gas or nitrogen) through the air inlet, open the air inlet valve to After the filter material is stirred and loosened, it is closed, and the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve are opened, and the stirring time of the motor is controlled by PLC. After the set time is over, the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve are closed;
④打开反冲洗放空口，把罐体内水排空，多级气缸下压把滤料内水挤压排出，挤压完毕，多级气缸上提，反冲洗放空口关闭；④ Open the backwash vent, empty the water in the tank, press down the multi-stage cylinder to squeeze out the water in the filter material, after extrusion, lift the multi-stage cylinder, and close the backwash vent;
⑤打开出水口，通过管道内水压把水压回到过滤罐内，通过界面仪控制水位，水位达到后关闭出水口阀门，然后再次打开气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门，通过PLC控制马达搅拌时间，设定时间结束后，关闭气动马达进气阀门和排气阀门；⑤Open the water outlet, press the water back into the filter tank through the water pressure in the pipeline, control the water level through the interface meter, close the water outlet valve after the water level reaches, then open the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve again, and control the motor through PLC Stirring time, after the set time is over, close the air motor intake valve and exhaust valve;
⑥再次打开反冲洗放空口，把罐体内水排空，多级气缸下压把滤料内水挤压排出，挤压完毕，多级气缸上提，反冲洗放空口关闭；⑥Open the backwash vent again to empty the water in the tank, press down the multi-stage cylinder to squeeze out the water in the filter material, after squeezing, lift the multi-stage cylinder up, and close the backwash vent;
⑦反冲洗完毕，打开排油阀，多级气缸下压，打开出水口阀门，水位达到后关闭排油阀，打开进水口阀门⑦ After the backwash is completed, open the oil discharge valve, press down the multi-stage cylinder, open the water outlet valve, close the oil discharge valve after the water level reaches, and open the water inlet valve
⑧上述步骤结束后重新开始新的过滤过程。⑧Restart a new filtering process after the above steps are finished.
通过上述多次对阀门开闭，反复冲洗的处理方法，结合着本发明专门针对浮油泥沙处理的结构，使滤料反冲洗更加充分，杜绝了滤料板结现象，反冲洗时节省了用水，也就节约了水资源，有利于推广使用。Through the above-mentioned treatment method of opening and closing the valve for many times and repeated flushing, combined with the structure of the present invention specially for the treatment of slick oil and sand, the backwash of the filter material is more sufficient, the hardening phenomenon of the filter material is eliminated, and water is saved during backwashing , which saves water resources and is conducive to popularization and use.
Claims (5)
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| CN201210156289.7A CN103418183B (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Oily sewage filter and filtering method |
| PCT/CN2013/075856 WO2013170792A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-05-18 | Oily wastewater filter and filtering method |
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| CN201210156289.7A CN103418183B (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Oily sewage filter and filtering method |
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| CN103418183A CN103418183A (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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| CN107670337B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市蓝石环保科技有限公司 | Liquid separator and method for controlling back-pumping of liquid separator |
| CN109276943A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-29 | 中国北方稀土（集团）高科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for removing impurities and oil with ammonia bicarbonate solution |
| CN111365555A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-03 | 北京大井易通科技发展有限公司 | Gas collection and exhaust system for fluid treatment and water treatment system |
| CN111330321A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 中山市比斯坦环保科技有限公司 | Pressing plate device with intelligent positioning function |
| CN112604330B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-08-02 | 西安市城区市政设施养护管理有限公司 | Upward-flow floating type light filter material filter tank |
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| JPH08281006A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1996-10-29 | Nok Corp | Oil separator |
| CN2276379Y (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-03-18 | 胜利石油管理局勘察设计研究院 | Crude oil pre-dehydrate, sewage unoilding hydrocyclone |
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| WO2013170792A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
| CN103418183A (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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