CN103411427B - Efficient energy-saving high-temperature electric furnace with lifting furnace door and full-fiber hearth - Google Patents
Efficient energy-saving high-temperature electric furnace with lifting furnace door and full-fiber hearth Download PDFInfo
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- CN103411427B CN103411427B CN201310347878.8A CN201310347878A CN103411427B CN 103411427 B CN103411427 B CN 103411427B CN 201310347878 A CN201310347878 A CN 201310347878A CN 103411427 B CN103411427 B CN 103411427B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient energy-saving high-temperature electric furnace with a lifting furnace door and a full-fiber hearth. Compared with a traditional electric furnace, the electric furnace has obvious innovation advantages in aspects such as structural design of a furnace body, selection of hearth materials and temperature control. The furnace door is arranged at the bottom of the electric furnace and controlled to rise and fall by a lead screw, calcined samples can be conveniently placed on the furnace door after the furnace door falls, loading capacity is high, the furnace door is excellent in tightness after the furnace door rises and is closed, and heat is not easily dissipated from a furnace mouth. By the aid of the multilayer graded temperature-resistant full-fiber hearth, heat insulation performance is excellent, heat storage capacity is low, the energy-saving effect of the electric furnace is quite remarkable, the temperature is rapidly raised and reduced, a furnace roof does not easily collapse by the aid of unique assembly structure design of the furnace roof, all sides of a heater are heated, temperature fields in the furnace are uniform, a temperature control system is advanced and simple and convenient to operate, running voltage, current, power, electricity consumption and the like are displayed in a centralized manner by the aid of a PID (proportion integration differentiation) intelligent temperature control instrument and an intelligent power display instrument, the electric furnace has an over-current alarm function, and heating elements are low in load, long in service life and convenient to replace.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Electric Cooker technology for making field, the particularly energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of a kind of fire door lift, is applicable to the units such as enterprise, colleges and universities, scientific research institutions and is engaged in material sintering and the heat treatments such as pottery.
Background technology
High-temperature electric resistance furnace is very extensive in field application such as industrial production and new material researchs.Traditional high-temperature electric resistance furnace is generally box-type furnace structure, and fire door is opened forwardly, heater element both sides layout, and fire door gap is larger, and sealing is poor, and heat radiation is serious, causes the interior warm area of stove inhomogeneous, and fire door place temperature is low, and sintering percent defective is high; Pick and place sample and need pass through fire door, particularly in the time that high temperature samples or piles up full stove sample, operation is very inconvenient, easily breaks fire door and heater element, also will retain the operating space that picks and places sample simultaneously, causes the inner useful space utilization rate of burner hearth lower.
In addition, the burner hearth material of most of traditional electric furnace adopts the heavy such as corundum brick, alumina bubble brick refractory material conventionally, has the deficiencies such as effect of heat insulation is poor, thermal capacitance is large, accumulation of heat is many, cause electric furnace power consumption serious, heating and cooling are slow, and heater element load is high, fragile; Furnace roof, sidewall are generally en-block construction, easily occur that because expanding with heat and contract with cold large stress ftractures and is out of shape, shorten electric furnace service life, and furnace roof need to be played U-shaped heater element perforation, conventionally all punch, coupling part is residual less, and furnace roof is larger because conducting oneself with dignity, easily, from the fracture of residual junction, cause total collapse.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the full fiber hearth of a kind of fire door lift energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of a kind of fire door lift, comprise body of heater, support, fire door, elevating mechanism, heater element and attemperating unit, wherein body of heater is positioned on support, fire door is positioned at body of heater below, elevating mechanism is arranged on support, this elevating mechanism can drive fire door vertical lift, and heater element is set in body of heater, and attemperating unit is controlled the temperature in stove;
Described body of heater comprises furnace shell and burner hearth, burner hearth is positioned at furnace shell, wherein the bottom of furnace shell has square fire door, the top of furnace shell is provided with removable top, four sidewalls of furnace shell are double-decker, between double-decker, leave gap, this burner hearth comprises burner hearth base plate, burner hearth side plate and burner hearth top board, described burner hearth side plate and burner hearth top board are by internal layer, intermediate layer and outer three layers of flame-retardant fibre board are put together, burner hearth base plate is directly placed on the base plate of furnace shell, burner hearth base plate divides, lower two-layer, and be put together by polylith high-temperature fibre plate, the centre position of burner hearth base plate arranges square fire door, wherein lower floor's fire door size is greater than upper strata fire door size, the internal layer of burner hearth side plate is placed on burner hearth base plate, intermediate layer and skin are placed on furnace shell base plate, burner hearth top board is placed on burner hearth side plate,
Fire door comprises metal furnaces door shell and three layers of fiberboard, wherein metal furnaces door shell is square uncovered shell, comprise large door shell and little door shell, little door shell is placed in large door shell, three layers of fiberboard are directly placed in little door shell, it at the middle and upper levels, intermediate layer rises after putting in place and can rise up into burner hearth inside at fire door, concordant with burner hearth base plate, lower floor's fiberboard fits tightly, closes fire door after fire door rising puts in place with furnace shell, do not enter burner hearth, run through and insert the fixture that three layers of fiberboard is fixed to support along the thickness direction of three layers of fiberboard;
Described heater element is U-shaped heater element, and this U-shaped heater element is suspended on burner hearth top board and along burner hearth sidewall four sides and is evenly arranged.
Preferably, the material of described furnace shell is stainless steel or general steel plastic-blasting.
The internal layer of described burner hearth side plate and top board adopts alumina fibre plate, and intermediate layer adopts aluminium oxide/alumina silicate composite fiber plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts; Or the internal layer of burner hearth side plate and top board adopts zirconium oxide fiber board, intermediate layer adopts alumina fibre plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts.
The upper strata fire door of described burner hearth base plate is of a size of length and the width dimensions of the electric stove hearth useful space, and the two-layer material of burner hearth base plate is identical with burner hearth top board inner fiber sheet material matter, and every layer thickness is 40mm-80mm.
The mode that the internal layer of burner hearth side plate adopts the rectangular fibre strip flaggy of polylith layer to stack, stacks total height and is the height dimension of the burner hearth useful space, and the width of every block length side fibre strip plate is 40mm-60mm, is highly 40mm-60mm; The intermediate layer of burner hearth side plate and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, burner hearth side plate intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm;
The internal layer of burner hearth top board adopts the mode of the rectangular fibre strip plate of polylith amalgamation, rectangular fibre strip plate is put side by side along furnace chamber width, the height of every block length side fibre strip plate is 60mm-140mm, width is 40mm-100mm, the height dimension of every block length side fibre strip plate is greater than width dimensions, the intermediate layer of burner hearth top board [1-2-3] and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, top board intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm.
Fire door large door shell bottom and four limits all arrange adjusting double-screw bolt, for regulating horizontal shift and four jiaos of height of little door shell, upper strata, intermediate layer in three layers of fiberboard adopt high-temperature fibre plate, smaller 3mm-5mm compared with the size that the length and width size of every layer of fiberboard is reserved fire door with two-layer burner hearth base plate, upper strata in three layers of fiberboard, the thickness in intermediate layer are 40mm-80mm, consistent respectively with the thickness of corresponding two-layer burner hearth base plate; Lower floor's fiberboard thickness in three layers of fiberboard is 40mm-60mm.
Described fixture is refractory ceramics rod or earthenware.
Described elevating mechanism comprises power source, commutation driver, power transmission shaft, leading screw and nut bracket, described power source, commutation driver are arranged at the bottom of support, leading screw is arranged on support and is perpendicular with the bottom surface of body of heater, described leading screw is connected with commutation driver, power source drives leading screw rotation by commutation driver and power transmission shaft, nut bracket is set on leading screw, when leading screw rotation, can drives nut bracket to move up and down; Leading screw is common leading screw or ball-screw, and its quantity is 2 or 4.Described power source is motor or manually hand, in the time that power source is motor, and the two-direction switch control motor positive and inverse being connected with motor, fire door lifting stop position is controlled by the limit switch being connected with motor; When power source is artificial when hand, in the time that fire door lifting puts in place, adopt the lifting of locking device restriction fire door.Described locking device is arranged on support.Locking device can be also the device of support outside.
The distance on U-shaped heater element and burner hearth side plate and fire door border is 15mm-30mm, the hot junction distance from top burner hearth base plate 20mm-40mm of U-shaped heater element; Described U-shaped heater element is Elema, domestic Si-Mo rod or the U-shaped heater element of import Si-Mo rod, self spacing of U-shaped heater element is generally 40mm-100mm, the cold junction diameter of U-shaped heater element is 12mm-18mm, length is 200mm-300mm, hot junction diameter 6mm-18mm, length is 100mm-600mm.
Described attemperating unit comprises thermocouple, PID intelligent temperature control instrument, intelligent electric power display instrument, controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer, meter switch, heater switch, green indicating lamp and red alarm lamp; Wherein controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer are positioned at temperature-controlled box, PID intelligent temperature control instrument, intelligent electric power display instrument, meter switch, heater switch, green indicating lamp and red alarm lamp are positioned on control panel, thermocouple adopts S type or Type B thermocouple, the thermometric end of thermocouple is positioned at the inner 20mm-50mm of burner hearth, and extension lead is connected with the temperature measurement signal input terminal of PID intelligent temperature control instrument.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: 1) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention is owing to adopting the mode of fire door lifting, fire door is below body of heater, can conveniently laying sintered sample after falling, and useful load is large, can occupy burner hearth by block pattern row pattern, furnace cavity utilization rate is far away higher than traditional cabinet-type electric furnace; Fire door rises and puts in place after closed furnace mouth, and owing to having adopted the design of big or small fire door bivalve, the horizontal shift of fire door and four jiaos of height are all adjustable, and therefore fire door place sealing is fabulous, and heat is difficult for shedding from fire door, is obviously better than traditional cabinet-type electric furnace; 2) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention is owing to adopting full fiber hearth heat-barrier material, heat-proof quality excellence, thermal capacitance is low, and amount of stored heat is few, and furnace energy-saving consumption reduction effect is very remarkable, compared with the electric furnace that adopts heavy refractory material with tradition, power consumption be only its 1/10, energy-saving effect is up to more than 90%, and heating and cooling rapidly, the fastest 30min can be warmed up to 1600 DEG C, thereby has greatly improved operational efficiency.Manufacturing enterprise's sintered ceramic product, within basic 1 day, can burn 1 stove, and traditional electric furnace at least needs 2-3 days could burn 1 stove.In addition, the present invention adopts the heat insulation design of multi-layer fiber plate gradient, can effectively bring into play the temperature-resistance thermal-insulation performance of every layer of fiberboard, and greatly reduces manufacturing cost; 3) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention is due to heater four sides homogeneous heating, in addition fire door sealing is fabulous, be difficult for heat radiation, therefore warm area is very even in burner hearth, and actual test experiments shows, when electric furnace insulation, the temperature difference of the inner upper and lower diagonal position point of burner hearth is only 1 DEG C-2 DEG C, corporate client is in the time of sintered ceramic product, burn till uniformity fabulous, percent defective is 0 substantially, is far superior to the furnace temperature zone uniformity of traditional cabinet-type electric furnace.In contrast to this, traditional box electric furnace mouth and internal temperature can differ 20 DEG C-50 DEG C, sintering one stove ceramic product, and the burning that the product that diverse location is put has, the underburnt having, percent defective is up to more than 30%; 4) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention adopts temperature control system advanced person, easy and simple to handle, temperature-controlled precision is high.Adopt PID intelligent temperature control instrument, 100 sections of programmings and every section of independent restriction output voltage electric current, effectively protect heater element, temperature-controlled precision ± 1 DEG C; Separately join liquid crystal display electric power centralized displaying instrument, centralized displaying working voltage, electric current, power, power consumption etc., user is very easy to use; 5) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention due to full fiber hearth material heat insulation good, accumulation of heat is few, obvious energy conservation, heating power significantly declines compared with traditional electric furnace, heater element load is low, not fragile; Burner hearth sidewall and top board internal high temperature layer fiberboard are owing to having adopted the mode of rectangular packaged amalgamation, compared with adopting the large plate of entirety with traditional electric furnace, thermal stress does not reduce, easy to crack, be out of shape and the top of collapsing, thereby electric stove integral uses mission greatly to extend, conventionally 1-2 is without maintenance.Even if it is also very convenient that heater element is changed, only need protrude upward from bottom oven opening's edge top plate punching, without raising furnace roof; 6) high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the present invention, generally speaking, there is rational in infrastructure, obvious energy conservation, heating and cooling are rapid, temperature control system is advanced, easy and simple to handle, temperature-controlled precision is high, fully automatic operation (manpower-free is on duty), safety and reliability is high, sintered sample useful load is many, easy to loading and unloading, electric furnace long service life, operating cost is low, heater element is not fragile, avoid the remarkable advantages such as frequent maintenance.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side generalized section of the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the punching top view of the burner hearth top board internal layer of the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the temperature regulating device front panel schematic diagram of the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of a kind of fire door lift of the present invention, comprise body of heater 1, support 2, fire door 3, elevating mechanism 4, heater element 5 and attemperating unit 6, wherein body of heater 1 is positioned on support 2, fire door 3 is positioned at body of heater 1 below, elevating mechanism 4 is arranged on support 2, this elevating mechanism 4 can drive fire door 3 vertical lifts, the interior heater element 5 that arranges of body of heater 1, and attemperating unit 6 is controlled the temperature in stove;
Described body of heater 1 comprises furnace shell 1-1 and burner hearth 1-2, burner hearth 1-2 is positioned at furnace shell 1-1, wherein the bottom of furnace shell 1-1 has square fire door, the top of furnace shell 1-1 is provided with removable top, four sidewalls of furnace shell 1-1 are double-decker, between double-decker, leave gap, this burner hearth 1-2 comprises burner hearth base plate 1-2-1, burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and burner hearth top board 1-2-3, described burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and burner hearth top board 1-2-3 are by internal layer, intermediate layer and outer three layers of flame-retardant fibre board are put together, burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 is directly placed on the base plate of furnace shell 1-1, burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 divides, lower two-layer, and be put together by polylith high-temperature fibre plate, the centre position of burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 arranges square fire door, wherein lower floor's fire door size is greater than upper strata fire door size, the internal layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 is placed on burner hearth base plate 1-2-1, intermediate layer and skin are placed on furnace shell 1-1 base plate, burner hearth top board 1-2-3 is placed on burner hearth side plate 1-2-2,
Fire door 3 comprises metal furnaces door shell and three layers of fiberboard, wherein metal furnaces door shell is square uncovered shell, comprise large door shell 3-1 and wicket shell 3-2, wicket shell 3-2 is placed in large door shell 3-1, three layers of fiberboard 3-3 are directly placed in wicket shell 3-2, it at the middle and upper levels, intermediate layer can rise up into burner hearth inside after fire door 3 risings put in place, concordant with burner hearth base plate, lower floor's fiberboard fits tightly with furnace shell 1-1 after fire door 3 risings put in place, close fire door, do not enter burner hearth, run through and insert the fixture 3-4 that three layers of fiberboard is fixed to support along the thickness direction of three layers of fiberboard 3-3,
Described heater element 5 is U-shaped heater element, and this U-shaped heater element is suspended on burner hearth top board 1-2-3 above and is evenly arranged along burner hearth sidewall four sides.
The material of described furnace shell 1-1 is stainless steel or general steel plastic-blasting.
The internal layer of described burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and top board 1-2-3 adopts alumina fibre plate, and intermediate layer adopts aluminium oxide/alumina silicate composite fiber plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts; Or the internal layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and top board 1-2-3 adopts zirconium oxide fiber board, intermediate layer adopts alumina fibre plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts.
The upper strata fire door length of described burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 and width dimensions are length and the width dimensions of the electric stove hearth useful space, and the two-layer material of burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 is identical with burner hearth top board 1-2-3 inner fiber sheet material matter, and every layer thickness is 40mm-80mm.
The mode that the internal layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 adopts the rectangular fibre strip flaggy of polylith layer to stack, stacks total height and is the height dimension of the burner hearth useful space, and the width of every block length side fibre strip plate is 40mm-60mm, is highly 40mm-60mm; The intermediate layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm;
The internal layer of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 adopts the mode of the rectangular fibre strip plate of polylith amalgamation, rectangular fibre strip plate is put side by side along furnace chamber width, the height of every block length side fibre strip plate is 60mm-140mm, width is 40mm-100mm, the height dimension of every block length side fibre strip plate is greater than width dimensions, the intermediate layer of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, burner hearth top board 1-2-3 intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm.
Fire door 3 large door shell 3-1 bottom and four limits all arrange adjusting double-screw bolt, for regulating horizontal shift and the four jiaos of height of wicket shell 3-2, upper strata, intermediate layer in three layers of fiberboard 3-3 adopt high-temperature fibre plate, smaller 3mm-5mm compared with the size that the length and width size of every layer of fiberboard is reserved fire door with two-layer burner hearth base plate 1-2-1, upper strata in three layers of fiberboard 3-3, the thickness in intermediate layer are 40mm-80mm, consistent respectively with the thickness of corresponding two-layer burner hearth base plate; Lower floor's fiberboard thickness in three layers of fiberboard 3-3 is 40mm-60mm.
Described fixture 3-4 is refractory ceramics rod or earthenware.
Described elevating mechanism 4 comprises power source 4-1, commutation driver 4-2, power transmission shaft 4-3, leading screw 4-4 and nut bracket 4-5, described power source 4-1, commutation driver 4-2 are arranged at the bottom of support 2, leading screw 4-4 is arranged on support 2 and is perpendicular with the bottom surface of body of heater 1, described leading screw 4-4 is connected with commutation driver 4-2, power source 4-1 drives leading screw 4-4 rotation by commutation driver 4-2 and power transmission shaft 4-3, nut bracket 4-5 is set on leading screw 4-4, and leading screw 4-4 can drive nut bracket 4-5 to move up and down when rotation; Leading screw 4-4 is common leading screw or ball-screw, and its quantity is 2 or 4; Described power source 4-1 is motor or manually hand, in the time that power source 4-1 is motor, and the two-direction switch control motor positive and inverse being connected with motor, fire door lifting stop position is controlled by the limit switch being connected with motor; When power source 4-1 is artificial when hand, in the time that fire door lifting puts in place, adopt the lifting of locking device restriction fire door.
U-shaped heater element 5 is 15mm-30mm, the hot junction distance from top burner hearth base plate 1-2-120mm-40mm of U-shaped heater element 5 with the distance on burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and fire door border; Described U-shaped heater element 5 is Elema, domestic Si-Mo rod or the U-shaped heater element of import Si-Mo rod, self spacing of U-shaped heater element 5 is generally 40mm-100mm, the cold junction diameter of U-shaped heater element 5 is 12mm-18mm, length is 200mm-300mm, hot junction diameter is 6mm-18mm, and length is 100mm-600mm.
Described attemperating unit 6 comprises thermocouple 6-1, PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2, intelligent electric power display instrument 6-3, controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer, meter switch 6-4, heater switch 6-5, green indicating lamp 6-6 and red alarm lamp 6-7; Wherein controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer are positioned at temperature-controlled box, PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2, intelligent electric power display instrument 6-3, meter switch 6-4, heater switch 6-5, green indicating lamp 6-6 and red alarm lamp 6-7 are positioned on control panel, thermocouple 6-1 adopts S type or Type B thermocouple, the thermometric end of thermocouple 6-1 is positioned at the inner 20mm-50mm of burner hearth, and the extension lead of thermocouple 6-1 is connected with the temperature measurement signal input terminal of PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2.
Be described in more detail below:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, whole electric furnace of the present invention is made up of body of heater 1, support 2, fire door 3, elevating mechanism 4, U-shaped heater element 5 and temperature-controlling system 6.Body of heater 1 is positioned on support 2, and fire door 3 is positioned at body of heater 1 below, drives lifting by elevating mechanism 4, and elevating mechanism 4 is arranged on support 2, and temperature regulating device 6 both can be placed on a support with body of heater 1 as required, also can be separated.Described body of heater is made up of furnace shell 1-1 and burner hearth material 1-2.
The bottom of furnace shell 1-1 has square fire door (fire door refractory material thus fire door enters body of heater), top is provided with removable top, four sides are double-decker, middle gapped, make full use of air heat insulation, reduce case surface temperature, material can be both stainless steel as required, can be also general steel plastic-blasting.
The material of burner hearth 1-2 all adopts flame-retardant fibre board, is divided into base plate 1-2-1, side plate 1-2-2 and top board 1-2-3 tri-parts, is put together from inside to outside by multi-layer fiber plate, forms gradient temperature-resistance thermal-insulation, effectively reduces costs.
Wherein, burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and top board 1-2-3 are put together by internal layer, intermediate layer and outer three layers, internal layer adopts the high fiberboard of heatproof, intermediate layer and the outer fiberboard that adopts heatproof to take second place successively, but all in the temperature range of bearing separately, use, concrete material is determined according to electric furnace serviceability temperature.For example, it is the high-temperature electric resistance furnace of 1400 DEG C and 1650 DEG C for the highest long-term serviceability temperature, internal layer adopts alumina fibre plate, intermediate layer adopts aluminium oxide/alumina silicate composite fiber plate, skin adopts aluminosilicate fiberboard, is the superhigh temperature electric stove of 1800 DEG C for the highest long-term serviceability temperature, and internal layer adopts zirconium oxide fiber board, intermediate layer adopts alumina fibre plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts.
Burner hearth base plate 1-2-1 is directly placed on furnace shell 1-1 base plate, divide upper and lower two-layer, two-layer material is identical with top board inner fiber sheet material matter, every layer thickness 40mm-80mm, all adopt polylith high-temperature fibre plate to be put together, and leave square fire door in centre position, wherein lower floor's fire door size is greater than upper strata fire door size (upper strata fire door size is length and the width dimensions of the electric stove hearth useful space), to facilitate fire door 3 to enter body of heater 1, and to make fire door broadside lines be broken line, stop heat to shed from fire door straight line.
The internal layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 is placed on burner hearth base plate 1-2-1, intermediate layer and skin are placed on furnace shell 1-1 base plate, the internal layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 is because directly bearing high temperature, if adopt monoblock fiberboard, easily ftracture, be out of shape, therefore adopt the mode that polylith rectangular fibre strip flaggy layer the stacks height dimension of the burner hearth useful space (stack total height be), reduce thermal stress, prevent craze and transfiguration; The width of every block length side fibre strip plate is generally 40mm-60mm, is highly generally 40mm-60mm, and length is determined according to size of burner hearth.The intermediate layer of burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and outer because bearing temperature is lower, not easy to crack, therefore adopt monoblock fiberboard, side plate 1-2-2 intermediate layer, outer field thickness are generally 40mm-60mm.
Burner hearth top board 1-2-3 is placed on burner hearth side plate 1-2-2, the internal layer of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 is because directly bearing high temperature, if adopt monoblock fiberboard, easily ftracture, cave in, therefore adopt the mode (putting side by side along furnace chamber width) of the rectangular fibre strip plate of polylith amalgamation, thus the thermal stress of effectively reducing, and the height dimension of every fiberboard is greater than width, self-supporting strength is higher, not easy fracture, the top of collapsing; The height of every block length side fibre strip plate is generally 60mm-140mm, and width is generally 40mm-100mm, and length is determined according to size of burner hearth.The intermediate layer of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 and outer because bearing temperature is lower, not easy to crack, therefore adopt monoblock fiberboard, top board 1-2-3 intermediate layer, outer field thickness are generally 40mm-60mm.
Gap between the rectangular fibre strip plate of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 internal layer, output in advance circular hole (perforation of heater element is installed) apart from the location point of two ends certain distance, for every block length side fibre strip plate, just open a semicircle aperture in limit portion, intermediate linking part divides still and retains a lot, does not therefore affect its support strength.
Fire door 3 below body of heater 1, be placed on elevating mechanism 4, drive lifting by elevating mechanism 4.Fire door 3 is made up of metal furnaces door shell and three layers of fiberboard, metal furnaces door shell is square uncovered shell, and adopt large door shell 3-1 and wicket shell 3-2 bivalve to design, wicket shell 3-2 is placed in large door shell 3-1, all there is adjusting double-screw bolt on large door shell 3-1 bottom and four limits, the horizontal shift of adjustable wicket shell 3-2 and four jiaos of height, thus guarantee that fire door rises up into burner hearth and coincide with fire door and tight involution fire door when inner.Three layers of fiberboard 3-3 are directly placed in wicket shell 3-2, it at the middle and upper levels, intermediate layer rises after putting in place and can rise up into burner hearth inside at fire door 3, concordant with burner hearth base plate, therefore adopt high-temperature fibre plate, compared with the size that the length and width size of every layer of fiberboard is reserved fire door with two-layer burner hearth base plate, smaller 3mm-5mm(is identical to ensure with fire door size, the rear fire door only 1.5mm-2.5mm of gap of sealing, heat is difficult for shedding), thickness is 40mm-80mm, consistent respectively with the thickness of corresponding two-layer burner hearth base plate; Lower floor's fiberboard fits tightly, closes fire door with furnace shell 1-1 after fire door 3 risings put in place, does not enter burner hearth, therefore adopt the relatively low fiberboard of heatproof, thickness 40mm-60mm.Run through and insert several refractory ceramics rods or earthenware 3-4 along the thickness direction (vertically) of three layers of fiberboard 3-3, three layers of fiberboard are fixed, in order to avoid interlayer moves, and can play a supporting role.Calcining sample can directly be put in the top of the superiors' fiberboard after fire door is fallen, or puts sample after paving one deck load bearing board again.
Elevating mechanism 4 is made up of power source 4-1, commutation driver 4-2, power transmission shaft 4-3, leading screw 4-4 and nut bracket 4-5, rotation by power source 4-1 drives many parallel leading screw 4-4 synchronous rotaries through commutation converter 4-2, power transmission shaft 4-3, makes upwards (downward when leading screw reversion) motion of fire door 3 of nut bracket 4-5 and top thereof.
Power source 4-1 can adopt motor or manually hand as required.If take motor, there is two-direction switch control motor positive and inverse, fire door lifting stop position is controlled by limit switch; If take manually handly, in the time that fire door lifting puts in place, adopt the lifting of locking device restriction fire door.
Leading screw 4-4 is common leading screw or ball-screw, and its quantity compared with 2 of hour employings, adopts 4 in fire door size when larger.
Heater element 5 adopts U-shaped heater element, is evenly arranged, and all leaves 15mm-30mm with burner hearth side plate 1-2-2 and fire door boundary along burner hearth sidewall four sides.When installation, the cold junction of U-shaped heater element is passed from the punching of burner hearth top board 1-2-3, and stretch out 80mm-120mm, adopt insulation fixture clamping cold junction to stretch out the root of furnace roof, U-shaped heater element is hung, hot junction distance from top burner hearth base plate 1-2-120mm-40mm, again according to design needs, adopt connection aluminium strip to carry out serial or parallel connection, be finally connected with the heating wires of attemperating unit 6, form heating current loop.
Described U-shaped heater element 5 is Elema, domestic Si-Mo rod or the U-shaped heater element of import Si-Mo rod, determines according to the maximum operation (service) temperature of Electric Furnace Design requirement.For example, be the high-temperature electric resistance furnace of 1400 DEG C for maximum operation (service) temperature, heater element adopts U-shaped Elema, for the high-temperature electric resistance furnace of 1650 DEG C, heater element adopts the U-shaped Si-Mo rod of domestic 1800 type, and for the superhigh temperature electric stove of 1800 DEG C, heater element adopts the U-shaped Si-Mo rod of import 1900 type.
Self spacing of U-shaped heater element 5 is generally 40mm-100mm, consistent with the width of burner hearth top board 1-2-3 inner fiber plate.The cold junction of heater element typically has a diameter from 12mm-18mm, length 200mm-300mm, and hot junction diameter 6mm-18mm, length 100mm-600mm, concrete size is all determined according to the designing requirement such as size of burner hearth and power.
Temperature regulating device 6 is made up of thermocouple 6-1, PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2, intelligent electric power display instrument 6-3, controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer, meter switch 6-4, heater switch 6-5, green indicating lamp 6-6 and red alarm lamp 6-7 etc.Except thermocouple 6-1, all the other are arranged in temperature-controlled box or on its panel, if adopt the lifting of driven by motor fire door, on temperature-controlled box panel, increase two-direction switch 6-8, to control motor positive and inverse.
Thermocouple 6-1 adopts S type or Type B thermocouple, determines according to electric furnace serviceability temperature; The thermometric end of thermocouple 6-1 gos deep into the inner 20mm-50mm of burner hearth from roof of the furnace or side, and extension lead is connected with the temperature measurement signal input terminal of PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2.
PID intelligent temperature control instrument 6-2 can establish 30-100 section programming, and every section of independent restriction output amplitude (prevent that electric furnace from just having started to start or running in electric current excessive, damage heater element), and there is overtemperature alarm function.It is according to the actual furnace temperature signal of thermocouple 6-1 input and the difference of program running temperature, calculate out output regulation signal by inside from the temperature control parameter of adjusting, send to controllable silicon controller, and exported by the phase shifting control that controllable silicon is realized voltage, realize the operating voltage output to U-shaped heater element 5 through transformer again, finally realize the object of accurate temperature controlling.
Intelligent electric power display instrument 6-3 can centralized displaying working voltage, electric current, power, power consumption etc., and has overcurrent warning function, effectively protects U-shaped heater element 5.
When electric furnace uses, first open meter switch 6-4, instrument powers on, user weaves heating schedule and starts after heating schedule operation, then opens heater switch 6-5, and A.C. contactor is connected main line power supply, realize the output of heating current, green indicating lamp 6-6 can light simultaneously.In the time that electric furnace overtemperature (when thermocouple burns) or output current exceed amplitude limit, red alarm lamp 6-7 can light.
The present invention furnace binding design, burner hearth material select with aspect temperature control compared with traditional electric furnace innovation advantage obvious: fire door is in bottom, by leading screw control lifting, fire door can be put calcining sample after falling in the above, put convenience and useful load many, after fire door rising is closed, sealing is fabulous, is difficult for dispelling the heat from fire door; Adopt the full fiber hearth of multi-gradient heatproof, heat-proof quality excellence, amount of stored heat is few, and furnace energy-saving effect is very remarkable, and heating and cooling are rapid; Unique furnace roof splicing structure design makes it be difficult for caving in; The heating of heater four sides, in stove, temperature field is evenly; Temperature control system advanced person, easy and simple to handle, adopts PID intelligent temperature control instrument, adopts intelligent electric power Displaying Meter, centralized displaying working voltage, electric current, power, power consumption etc., and there is overcurrent warning function; Heater element load is low, and the life-span is long, and it is convenient to change.
Claims (10)
1. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift, it is characterized in that, comprise body of heater [1], support [2], fire door [3], elevating mechanism [4], heater element [5] and attemperating unit [6], wherein body of heater [1] is positioned on support [2], fire door [3] is positioned at body of heater [1] below, and it is upper that elevating mechanism [4] is arranged on support [2], and this elevating mechanism [4] can drive fire door [3] vertical lift, heater element [5] is set in body of heater [1], and attemperating unit [6] is controlled the temperature in stove;
Described body of heater [1] comprises furnace shell [1-1] and burner hearth [1-2], burner hearth [1-2] is positioned at furnace shell [1-1], wherein the bottom of furnace shell [1-1] has square fire door, the top of furnace shell [1-1] is provided with removable top, four sidewalls of furnace shell [1-1] are double-decker, between double-decker, leave gap, this burner hearth [1-2] comprises burner hearth base plate [1-2-1], burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and burner hearth top board [1-2-3], described burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and burner hearth top board [1-2-3] are by internal layer, intermediate layer and outer three layers of flame-retardant fibre board are put together, burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] is directly placed on the base plate of furnace shell [1-1], on burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] divides, lower two-layer, and be put together by polylith high-temperature fibre plate, the centre position of burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] arranges square fire door, wherein lower floor's fire door size is greater than upper strata fire door size, the internal layer of burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] is placed on burner hearth base plate [1-2-1], intermediate layer and skin are placed on furnace shell [1-1] base plate, burner hearth top board [1-2-3] is placed on burner hearth side plate [1-2-2],
Fire door [3] comprises metal furnaces door shell and three layers of fiberboard, wherein metal furnaces door shell is square uncovered shell, comprise large door shell [3-1] and little door shell [3-2], little door shell [3-2] is placed in large door shell [3-1], three layers of fiberboard [3-3] are directly placed in little door shell [3-2], it at the middle and upper levels, intermediate layer can rise up into burner hearth inside after fire door [3] rising puts in place, concordant with burner hearth base plate, lower floor's fiberboard fits tightly with furnace shell [1-1] after fire door [3] rising puts in place, close fire door, do not enter burner hearth, run through and insert the fixture [3-4] that three layers of fiberboard is fixed to support along the thickness direction of three layers of fiberboard [3-3],
Described heater element [5] is U-shaped heater element, and this U-shaped heater element is suspended on burner hearth top board [1-2-3] above and is evenly arranged along burner hearth sidewall four sides.
2. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described furnace shell [1-1] is stainless steel or general steel plastic-blasting.
3. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the internal layer of described burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and burner hearth top board [1-2-3] adopts alumina fibre plate, intermediate layer adopts aluminium oxide/alumina silicate composite fiber plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts; Or the internal layer of burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and burner hearth top board [1-2-3] adopts zirconium oxide fiber board, intermediate layer adopts alumina fibre plate, the outer aluminosilicate fiberboard that adopts.
4. according to the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, the upper strata fire door length of described burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] and width dimensions are length and the width dimensions of the electric stove hearth useful space, the two-layer material of burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] is identical with burner hearth top board [1-2-3] inner fiber sheet material matter, and every layer thickness is 40mm-80mm.
5. according to the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, the mode that the internal layer of burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] adopts the rectangular fibre strip flaggy of polylith layer to stack, stack the height dimension that total height is the burner hearth useful space, the width of every block length side fibre strip plate is 40mm-60mm, is highly 40mm-60mm; The intermediate layer of burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm;
The internal layer of burner hearth top board [1-2-3] adopts the mode of the rectangular fibre strip plate of polylith amalgamation, rectangular fibre strip plate is put side by side along furnace chamber width, the height of every block length side fibre strip plate is 60mm-140mm, width is 40mm-100mm, the height dimension of every block length side fibre strip plate is greater than width dimensions, the intermediate layer of burner hearth top board [1-2-3] and the outer monoblock fiberboard that adopts, burner hearth top board [1-2-3] intermediate layer, outer field thickness are 40mm-60mm.
6. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fire door [3] large door shell [3-1] bottom and four limits all arrange adjusting double-screw bolt, be used for regulating horizontal shift and four jiaos of height of little door shell [3-2], upper strata in three layers of fiberboard [3-3], intermediate layer adopts high-temperature fibre plate, smaller 3mm-5mm compared with the size that the length and width size of every layer of fiberboard is reserved fire door with two-layer burner hearth base plate [1-2-1], upper strata in three layers of fiberboard [3-3], the thickness in intermediate layer is 40mm-80mm, consistent respectively with the thickness of corresponding two-layer burner hearth base plate, lower floor's fiberboard thickness in three layers of fiberboard [3-3] is 40mm-60mm.
7. according to the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that, described fixture [3-4] is refractory ceramics rod or earthenware.
8. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described elevating mechanism [4] comprises power source [4-1], commutation driver [4-2], power transmission shaft [4-3], leading screw [4-4] and nut bracket [4-5], described power source [4-1], commutation driver [4-2] is arranged at the bottom of support [2], it is upper and perpendicular with the bottom surface of body of heater [1] that leading screw [4-4] is arranged on support [2], described leading screw [4-4] is connected with commutation driver [4-2], power source [4-1] drives leading screw [4-4] rotation by commutation driver [4-2] and power transmission shaft [4-3], nut bracket [4-5] is set on leading screw [4-4], when leading screw [4-4] rotation, can drive nut bracket [4-5] to move up and down, leading screw [4-4] is common leading screw or ball-screw, and its quantity is 2 or 4, described power source [4-1] is motor or manually hand, in the time that power source [4-1] is motor, and the two-direction switch control motor positive and inverse being connected with motor, fire door lifting stop position is controlled by the limit switch being connected with motor, when power source [4-1] is artificial when hand, in the time that fire door lifting puts in place, adopt the lifting of locking device restriction fire door.
9. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, U-shaped heater element [5] is 15mm-30mm, hot junction distance from top burner hearth base plate [1-2-1] 20mm-40mm of U-shaped heater element [5] with the distance on burner hearth side plate [1-2-2] and fire door border; Described U-shaped heater element [5] is Elema, domestic Si-Mo rod or the U-shaped heater element of import Si-Mo rod, self spacing of U-shaped heater element [5] is generally 40mm-100mm, the cold junction diameter of U-shaped heater element [5] is 12mm-18mm, length is 200mm-300mm, hot junction diameter is 6mm-18mm, and length is 100mm-600mm.
10. the energy-efficient high-temperature electric resistance furnace of the full fiber hearth of fire door lift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described attemperating unit [6] comprises thermocouple [6-1], PID intelligent temperature control instrument [6-2], intelligent electric power display instrument [6-3], controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer, meter switch [6-4], heater switch [6-5], green indicating lamp [6-6] and red alarm lamp [6-7]; Wherein controllable silicon, transformer, A.C. contactor, current transformer are positioned at temperature-controlled box, PID intelligent temperature control instrument [6-2], intelligent electric power display instrument [6-3], meter switch [6-4], heater switch [6-5], green indicating lamp [6-6] and red alarm lamp [6-7] are positioned on control panel, thermocouple [6-1] adopts S type or Type B thermocouple, the thermometric end of thermocouple [6-1] is positioned at the inner 20mm-50mm of burner hearth, and the extension lead of thermocouple [6-1] is connected with the temperature measurement signal input terminal of PID intelligent temperature control instrument [6-2].
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