CN103410289B - A kind of foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board and preparation method thereof, described integrated board comprises heat-insulation layer and photovoltaic decorative layer, described heat-insulation layer is foamed glass insulation board, by waterproof roll sealed envelope, described photovoltaic decorative layer comprises flexible thin-film battery assembly, rete and dope layer from the inside to the outside successively. Integrated board fire protection flame retarding of the present invention, good endurance, both can insulation, again can photovoltaic generation, meet the theory of the green building such as energy-saving and emission-reduction and zero energy consumption.

Description

A foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the fields of building energy saving and photoelectric buildings, in particular to a foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Building energy conservation and the use of renewable energy such as solar energy to realize the self-consumption of electricity required by buildings have become an important development direction of green buildings in the future. Related technologies related to building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) include: (1) Building insulation and photovoltaic power generation The high degree of integration of the two technologies, through the development of various photovoltaic building materials, realizes the simultaneous design, simultaneous construction, simultaneous installation, simultaneous acceptance, and simultaneous maintenance of building insulation and photovoltaic power generation; (2) In addition to promoting photovoltaic power generation on building roofs, the largest Make maximum use of the east, south, and west facades of the building's exterior walls for photovoltaic power generation; (3) Through industrial production in the factory, the thermal insulation material and photovoltaic cell components are combined into one, and processed into a solar system with both photovoltaic power generation and All kinds of building parts with building materials function are constructed and installed on the construction site in the form of thermal insulation photovoltaic curtain wall.

In order to realize a safe, reliable and efficient building insulation photovoltaic curtain wall, the flame retardancy of insulation materials and the physical and photoelectric properties of solar photovoltaic cells have become the key technology. At present, organic plastic foam insulation materials such as EPS and PU are still widely used. Flammable and combustible, there are a lot of safety hazards. In terms of photovoltaic cells, a large number of crystalline silicon photovoltaic glass panels have been used in previous photovoltaic buildings. The crystalline silicon panels have specific technical requirements for sunlight, and the highest photoelectric conversion rate can only be achieved under direct sunlight, so they are not suitable for building exteriors. Use on face. A utility model patent specification whose Chinese patent number is CN201354501Y discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation exterior wall decorative panel and an external wall panel; photovoltaic composite panels. In the above two patents, the substrate used as the photovoltaic cell bracket in the photovoltaic power generation composite board is made of hard plates such as metal, cement, plastic, etc., which do not have the function of heat preservation and heat insulation, and cannot meet the heat insulation requirements of buildings .

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board with thermal insulation, fire prevention and waterproof and photovoltaic power generation functions and its preparation method for the maintenance structure of building exterior walls. The foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated The chemical board can not only be fireproof, waterproof, thermal insulation, but also photovoltaic power generation. It is applied to photovoltaic curtain wall buildings with thermal insulation requirements, and is a photovoltaic building material that meets the needs of photovoltaic building integration.

The foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board of the present invention comprises a thermal insulation layer and a photovoltaic decorative layer, and the thermal insulation layer is a foam glass thermal insulation board.

The foam glass thermal insulation and photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention, wherein the thermal insulation layer has a thickness of 30-60 mm and is sealed and wrapped by a waterproof coil.

The foam glass plate is made of broken glass, which is melted at high temperature and processed into inorganic fibers by centrifugation. The closed-cell bubbles of the foam glass inorganic fibers are ≥75%, the product density: 160-220kg/m ³ , and the bulk density: 160kg/m3 m ³ , thermal conductivity: ≤0.058w/m·k, water absorption ≤0.2%; compressive strength ≥0.7Mpa; flexural strength ≥O.5Mpa; acid corrosion resistance (except hydrogen fluoride); non-toxic and CFC-free (chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrofluoric acid). Foam glass insulation board is a new type of thermal insulation, flame-retardant and sound-absorbing material with environmental protection, safety, comfort and saving properties.

The foam glass thermal insulation and photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention, wherein the waterproof coiled material is a polymer cement mortar polymer composite waterproof coiled material, and a composite felt made of polyester-cotton non-woven fabric and glass fiber grid cloth is used as the base It is compounded with polymer cement mortar, and the thickness is between 1.5 and 2.5mm; polymer cement mortar is made by mixing cement, aggregate and a variety of monomers that can be dispersed in water. A unique composite network structure with certain toughness is formed, which has dual functions of protection and waterproof for the vacuum heat insulation board.

According to the foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention, the photovoltaic decoration layer includes a flexible thin film battery module, a film layer and a paint layer in sequence from the inside to the outside.

The foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention, wherein the flexible thin film battery component is a thin film battery prepared by depositing a transparent conductive film on a bendable flexible substrate such as plastic. The flexible thin-film solar cells include: amorphous silicon flexible solar thin-film solar cells, copper indium potassium selenium thin-film solar cells (CIGS), cadmium telluride thin-film solar cells (CdTe), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) and organic thin-film solar cells Solar battery. The film layer is a fluorine-containing TPT polyester film or an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film with a thickness of 250um. Among them, the fluorine-containing TPT polyester film mainly plays the role of water vapor barrier, electrical insulation, stable size, moisture and heat aging resistance and flame retardancy. Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film mainly plays the role of sealing, protection, anti-ultraviolet, flame retardant and anti-fouling self-cleaning. The coating layer is a nano-scale organosilicon-modified acrylic coating or a nano-scale fluorocarbon coating with a thickness of 30-70um, which mainly plays an anti-pollution role. The coating can effectively avoid dust, smog and other pollutants and reduce the photoelectricity of the solar cell conversion efficiency.

The foam glass thermal insulation and photovoltaic decoration integrated board of the present invention, wherein the waterproof coiled material is a polymer cement mortar polymer composite waterproof coiled material, which is composed of glass fiber reinforced polyester cotton non-woven fabric and polymer cement mortar. The thickness is 1.5-2.5 mm.

The foam glass thermal insulation and photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention, wherein the thermal insulation layer and the photovoltaic decorative layer are bonded and fixed by a fireproof polymer adhesive (Sika single-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive). The fire-resistant polymer adhesive (Sika one-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive) is an ointment-like material that cures to a tough, rubber-like solid upon exposure to moisture in the air. It has the characteristics of strong adhesive force, high tensile strength, weather resistance, vibration resistance, moisture resistance, odor resistance and adaptability to large changes in cold and heat. It can realize the plastic substrate of flexible thin film battery components and the reinforcement layer of insulation board effective bond between them.

A method for preparing the foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board, comprising the following steps:

(1) Preparation of waterproof membrane: apply flexible polymer cement mortar evenly on both sides of the tire base through a mechanism scraper to form a waterproof membrane with a width of 1.2 meters, and dry the waterproof membrane made and conservation;

(2) Preparation of the insulation layer: apply polymer cement mortar adhesive on the surface of the foam glass insulation board, then bond the waterproof membrane to the surface of the foam glass insulation board, wrap the whole insulation board to make a fully sealed, Foam glass insulation board with thickness between 30-60mm;

(3) Preparation of photovoltaic decorative layer: Cover and seal TPT polyester film or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film layer on the surface of the flexible thin film battery module, and cover the TPT polyester film or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film layer The outside of the ethylene fluoride copolymer (ETFE) film layer is coated with nano-scale silicone acrylic coating or nano-scale fluorocarbon coating with anti-fouling function;

(4) Use Sika single-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive to bond the foam glass insulation board to the bottom surface of the flexible thin-film battery module;

(5) Consolidation and encapsulation: The flexible thin-film photovoltaic cell components, Sika single-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive, and foam glass insulation boards are stacked in sequence, and after rolling and autoclave treatment, the components of each layer are tightly bonded. Instant product.

The preparation method of the present invention is characterized in that: the drying and maintenance method of the waterproof coiled material is as follows: the prepared waterproof coiled material is automatically dried by a hot air blowing device in the production line to achieve the initial setting of the polymer mortar and form a After rolling, the waterproof membrane should be naturally dried and cured for 28 days at an indoor temperature of 5-38°C.

The difference between the foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board of the present invention and the prior art is that the present invention adopts the method of combining the foam glass thermal insulation board treated with waterproof enhancement and flexible photovoltaic solar thin film battery components such as amorphous silicon, and has a factory The advantages of componentization, construction assembly, high temperature fire retardant and fire prevention, thermal insulation and photovoltaic decoration composite; the thermal insulation layer material of the integrated board of the present invention uses foam glass, which belongs to inorganic mineral thermal insulation materials, and has light weight, low thermal conductivity, Good thermal performance, environmental protection, strong durability, flame retardant and other characteristics, has become one of the first choice for external thermal insulation and fireproof materials of building exterior walls; foam glass panels sealed with waterproof membranes can prevent moisture, moisture and mildew Into the interior of the foam glass plate, and can prevent the foam glass insulation board from being damaged during construction and installation; flexible photovoltaic solar thin film battery components such as amorphous silicon have the characteristics of being foldable and not easy to break, and can be curled, cut, and pasted at will; the body of the battery component It is thin, light, flexible, and has a strong absorption capacity for weak light, scattered light, and diffuse light. It is especially suitable for solar photovoltaic power generation on building facades.

The thermal insulation layer, the photovoltaic decorative layer and the interface with the wall base layer in the integrated board of the present invention have high tensile strength and a high safety factor of the overall system. Photovoltaic building material components with functions and specifications greatly improve the construction efficiency of photovoltaic buildings and reduce construction costs; the integrated board is fire-resistant and flame-retardant, has good durability, can be used for heat preservation and insulation, and can generate photovoltaic power, which is in line with energy-saving and emission-reduction requirements. And the concept of green building such as zero energy consumption.

The preparation method of the foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, low in cost and short in cycle.

The foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated panel of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of L in FIG. 1 .

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the integrated board of the present invention includes a thermal insulation layer 2 and a photovoltaic decorative layer 3, the thermal insulation layer 2 is a foam glass thermal insulation board with a thickness of 30mm, and is sealed and wrapped by a waterproof coiled material 1, so The waterproof coiled material 1 is composed of a base and polymer cement mortar, with a thickness of 2mm. The base is a composite felt of polyester-cotton non-woven fabric and glass fiber grid cloth. The photovoltaic decoration layer 3 includes a flexible thin film battery component 5, a film layer 6 and a paint layer 7 from the inside to the outside; the flexible thin film battery component 5 is an amorphous silicon flexible solar thin film battery; the film layer 6 is a fluorine-containing TPT polyester film or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film with a thickness of 250um; the coating layer 7 is coated with a self-cleaning coating, and the self-cleaning coating is a modified silicone with a particle size of nanometer permanent acrylic paint or nano-scale fluorocarbon paint with a thickness of 30um; the thermal insulation layer 2 and the photovoltaic decorative layer 3 are bonded and fixed by a fireproof polymer adhesive 4.

Wherein, the foam glass board is made of cullet, which is melted at high temperature and processed into inorganic fibers by centrifugation. The closed-cell bubbles of the foam glass inorganic fibers are ≥ 75%, the product density: 160-220kg/m ³ , and the bulk density: 160kg/m ³ , thermal conductivity ≤0.058w/m·k, water absorption ≤0.2%, compressive strength ≥0.7Mpa, flexural strength ≥0.5Mpa, resistant to acid corrosion (except hydrogen fluoride); non-toxic and CFC-free (chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrofluoric acid).

Example 2

The insulation layer 2 of the integrated board of the present invention has a foam glass insulation board thickness of 60mm, the thickness of the waterproof coiled material 1 is 2.5mm, the flexible thin film battery assembly 5 is a copper indium potassium selenium thin film solar cell, and the coating Layer 7 has a thickness of 50um, and the others are the same as in Embodiment 1.

Example 3

The insulation layer 2 of the integrated board of the present invention has a foam glass insulation board thickness of 50mm, the thickness of the waterproof coiled material 1 is 1.5mm, the flexible thin film battery assembly 5 is a dye-sensitized battery, and the thickness of the coating layer 7 is Be 70um, other are with embodiment 1.

Example 4

The method for preparing the foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board includes the following steps:

(1) Preparation of waterproof membrane 1: The flexible polymer cement mortar is evenly coated on both sides of the tire base by a mechanism scraper to form a waterproof membrane 1 with a width of 1.2 meters. The waterproof membrane 1 made of The hot blowing device in the production line is automatically dried to achieve the initial setting of the polymer mortar, and the waterproof membrane 1 after being rolled is naturally dried and cured for 28 days at an indoor temperature of 5 to 38°C before being used;

(2) Preparation of the insulation layer 2: apply polymer cement mortar adhesive on the surface of the foam glass insulation board, then bond the waterproof coiled material 1 to the surface of the foam glass insulation board, and wrap the entire insulation board 2 to form Fully sealed, foam glass insulation board with a thickness between 30-60mm;

(3) Preparation of photovoltaic decorative layer 3: Cover and seal the TPT polyester film or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film layer 6 on the surface of the flexible thin film battery module 5, and cover the TPT polyester film or The outside of the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film layer 6 is coated with nano-scale silicone acrylic paint or nano-scale fluorocarbon paint with antifouling function;

(4) Use Sika single-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive to bond the foam glass insulation board to the bottom surface of the flexible thin-film battery module;

(5) Consolidation and encapsulation: The flexible thin-film photovoltaic cell components, Sika single-component high-modulus polyurethane sealing adhesive, and foam glass insulation boards are stacked in sequence, and after rolling and autoclave treatment, the components of each layer are tightly bonded. Instant product.

The foam glass thermal insulation photovoltaic decoration integrated board is installed on the daylighting surface of the outer wall of the building by bonding and anchoring. The solar cell panels on each integrated board have independent positive and negative current wires leading out, and the electric wires and junction boxes are arranged in the wire groove holes located on the side wall along the length direction of the integrated board. When installing, connect the electrical wires on each integrated board through the junction box for circuit connection (series or parallel circuit connection), and then use the structural seams between each integrated board to guide and connect the electrical wires to the inverter. Convert direct current into alternating current, and send it to the grid (connected to the grid) through the distribution box installed in the building or directly provide electricity to the building load. Use sealant to waterproof, seal and insulate the structural joints between the integrated panels, and protect the electrical wires and junction boxes among them from waterproof, frostproof and high temperature protection.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board, is characterized in that: described integrated board comprisesHeat-insulation layer and photovoltaic decorative layer, described heat-insulation layer is foamed glass insulation board;

Described photovoltaic decorative layer comprises flexible thin-film battery assembly, rete and dope layer from the inside to the outside successively;

Described rete is fluorine-containing TPT polyester film or ethene-TFE copolymer film; Described dope layer is by preventingDirty self-cleaning coating applies and forms, and described anti-fouling and self-cleaning coating is that particle diameter is that nano level organosilicon-modified acrylic is coated withMaterial or nanoscale fluorocarbon coating;

Described foamed glass insulation board is by waterproof roll sealed envelope.

2. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 1, is characterized in that:Described insulation layer thickness is 30～60mm.

3. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 1 and 2, its feature existsIn: described foamed glass insulation board taking cullet as material, through the high-temperature molten centrifugal foam glass that is processed into that was melt throughGlass inorfil, closed pore bubble >=75% of described foam glass inorfil, extrudate density: 160-220kg/m3,Unit weight: 160kg/m³, thermal conductivity factor≤0.058w/mk, water absorption rate≤0.2%, compression strength >=0.7Mpa, anti-Folding intensity >=0.5Mpa, ability sour corrosion, not fluorine-containing chlorination charcoal and hydrogen fluorine chloric acid.

4. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 3, is characterized in that:Described flexible thin-film battery assembly is on flexible flexible substrate plastics, to adopt deposition of transparent conductive film preparationHull cell, be non-crystalline silicon flexible solar hull cell, copper-indium-galliun-selenium film solar cell, cadmium tellurideThin-film solar cells or organic film battery.

5. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 2, is characterized in that:Described thicknesses of layers is 250 μ m; Described thickness of coating layer is 30～70 μ m.

6. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 5, is characterized in that:Described waterproof roll is composited by tire base and polymer cement mortar, and thickness is 1.5～2.5mm, described tire baseFor the composite felt of polyester-cotton blend nonwoven and glass fiber reticular cloth.

7. foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board according to claim 6, is characterized in that:Described heat-insulation layer and photovoltaic decorative layer are fixing by fire-type polymeric binder bonding, and described fire-type polymer is stickyKnot agent is west card one pack system high modulus polyurethane sealant.

8. prepare a method for foam glass heat insulating photovoltaic decoration integrated board claimed in claim 7, itsBe characterised in that: comprise the steps:

(1) preparation of waterproof roll: flexible polymer cement mortar is evenly coated to tire by machine-processed scraper plateThe both sides of base, form the waterproof roll of wide 1.2 meters, and the waterproof roll of making is dried and maintenance;

(2) preparation of heat-insulation layer: smear polymer cement mortar adhesive on foamed glass insulation board surface,Again waterproof roll is bonded to described foamed glass insulation board surface, by whole warming plate parcel, make hermetically sealed,The foamed glass insulation board of thickness between 30-60mm;

(3) preparation of photovoltaic decorative layer: seal up TPT in the surface coverage of described flexible thin-film battery assembly poly-Ester rete or ethene-TFE copolymer rete, and in described TPT polyester rete or ethene-tetrafluoro secondThe outside of alkene copolymer film applies nano level modified organic silicon acrylic coating or the nanoscale with anti-pollution functionFluorocarbon coating;

(4) block one pack system high modulus polyurethane sealant by foamed glass insulation board and described flexibility with westFilm battery assembly bottom surface is bonding;

(5) merge encapsulation: according to flexible thin-film battery assembly, west card one pack system high modulus polyurethane fluid sealantThe order of stick, foamed glass insulation board stacks gradually, and through roll-in and autoclave processing, makes each layer assembly tightClose bonding, obtain product.

9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the oven dry of described waterproof roll and maintenanceMethod is: the waterproof roll of making adopts the blowing hot wind device auto-drying in production line, reaches polymer mortarInitial set, the waterproof roll after rolling, under the indoor temperature of 5～38 DEG C, natural drying maintenance standby in 28 daysWith.